The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Lesson Objectives Lesson Objectives (WALT)(WALT)

• Learn about different types of data

• Find out how data can be used to test hypotheses

Key WordsKey Words• Quantitative

• Discrete

• Primary

• Data

Types of DataTypes of Data

• Qualitative

• Continuous

• Secondary

• Hypothesis

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Types of Data

Primary data information you collect yourself, by asking people, measuring, carrying out experiments, and so on

Secondary datainformation that has been collected already, that you get from books, the internet, and so on

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Data can be either:numerical or quantitative data non-numerical or qualitative data

Types of Data

Some examples of quantitative data:• heights• time• age Some examples of qualitative data:

• opinions• favourite football teams• eye colour• gender

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Measuring Data

Shoe size The number of goals in a football match The temperature of a classroom The time taken to complete 100 metres at the olympics The number of GCSE grade A*s achieved in school last year The number of marks gained in a dance exam The height of a mountain

Numerical data can be either:continuous discrete

Which of the examples of numerical data given below would need to be rounded off?

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Discrete data jumps from one measurement to the next. The measurements in between have no meaning.

Shoe size You can have a shoe size of 4 or 4½ but not 4¼ .

Number of goals in a football match

You can score 2 goals but not 2.5.

The number of GCSE grade A*s achieved in your school last year

There could have been 40 or 41 A* grades but not 40.1.

The number of marks gained in a dance exam

You could get 60 but not 60.8 in the exam.

Discrete Data

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Continuous data does not jump from one measurement to the next, but passes smoothly through all the measurements in between.

The temperature of a classroom

The temperature could be 21oC, 21.1oC, 21.01oC or ….

The time taken to complete a task

The time could be 57 secs, 57.1 secs, 57.01 secs or ….

The height of a mountain

The height could be 300 m, 300.6 m, 300.0006 feet, or …..

Continuous Data

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

• Primary – data you collect yourself

• Secondary – data collected by someone else

• Quantitative – numerical values (height, weight)

• Qualitative – non-numerical (types of car, colour)

• Discrete – can be measured exactly (pages, people)

• Continuous – can always find a more accurate

measure (height, weight)

Types of Data

The Nottingham Emmanuel SchoolMathematics Department

3 May 2023

Why collect data?Statisticians collect data to test a hypothesis.

A hypothesis is a statement of something that may or may not be true, but is thought to be true.For example:

• Boys are taller than girls.

• Girls are cleverer than boys.

• China is bigger than the USA.

• Nottingham is bigger than New York.

Different sorts of data can be collected to test whether the hypothesis is true.