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The New World These words throughout Europe greatly stimulated the European monarchs for overseas exploration and colonization. Where they explored and colonized depended on the ocean currents, weather patterns, and where rival powers had claimed their land. England started colonizing along the Atlantic Ocean.

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English Colonies England started colonizing on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. The 13 colonies were established by England and historians categorized them into regions

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The 13 colonies are broken up into regions. Regions: an area grouped all together by a common characteristics The Thirteen colonies were divided into three regions based on the type of people that lived there, the climate, and the physical geography of the area.

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New England Colonies

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ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who Puritans Pilgrims To practice their religion without fear of persecution English people Long winters Lots of trees and rocky soil Not good for farming lumbering Ship building Fishing Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Connecticut New England Colonies Reform or purify Church of England To escape persecution and separate from Church of England

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1620

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* 1635

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1636

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1638

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Reason Settled: RELIGIOUS FREEDOM!

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MAJOR PRODUCTS: shipbuilding industry fishing How did they make money?

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Climate and Farming: CLIMATE: Extremely cold winter Short growing season FARMING: NOT GOOD Hard / rocky soil NOT good

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PEOPLE OF NEW ENGLAND

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Pilgrims Arrived on the Mayflower Wanted religious freedom Led by William Bradford and landed at Plymouth Signed the Mayflower Compact (rememberit was the 1 st self-government

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Puritans Better Church of England Puritan Beliefs: They were the chosen people Very smart Church & state should work together

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Puritans Leave Massachusetts 1 st group to Connecticut Wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which was the 1 st Written Constitution in America Author was Thomas Hooker Gave a detailed description of representative government

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Middle Colonies

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ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who Germans Swedes Dutch Cold winters Better climate than New England Lots of hills and trees Small farms mining trade New York Delaware New Jersey Pennsylvania Middle Colonies (Bread Basket) Religious freedom trade Iron ore Wheat and grains Quakers Escape religious persecution in Europe

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* 1620

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1638

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1682

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REASONS SETTLED: Business profit and trade Religious freedom

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MAJOR PRODUCTS Harvesting grain Cattle &

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CLIMATE AND FARMING Climate Cold winters Average growing season Farming OK Coastline rocky but some rolling green hills

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PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE COLONIES

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Quakers Leader was William Penn Sought religious freedom and trade for money Led a simplistic lifestyle Religious toleration church services unnecessary Believed in no violence to anyone and that slavery was bad

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HOW DID THEY END UP HERE? King Charles II owed the Penn family money Repaid them with land in America SoWilliam Penn brought the Quakers to the New World (against his fathers wishes) Pennsylvania & the Quakers

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Was called the Holy Experiment Established Philadelphia, which became known as the City of Brotherly Love any government is free to the people under itwhere the laws rule Called the melting pot city because all foreigners were welcome

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The English took New Netherlands away from the Dutch and renamed it New York Had lots of ethnic diversity (Italians, Dutch, French, Irish) Trade was great because of the large harbor area Fastest growing of all the colonies New York

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New Jersey Was a proprietary colony Known for ethnic diversity Allowed religious freedom 1 st to have trial by jury Representative government

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Delaware Formed for Pennsylvanias access to the Atlantic Ocean Why was this important? FOR TRADE!

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Southern Colonies ReasonsGeographyEconomy $$$Colonies Who English looking for profit Mild winters Fertile soil farms rice tobacco Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina Southern Colonies (farms and plantations) profit New opportunities Plantations Cash Crops Lots of flat land Georgia English Catholics Escape religious persecution

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1607 (Jamestown)

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1634

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1660-1670

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1733

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REASONS SETTLED: Mercantilism (a states power depends on its wealth) Profit from trade

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MAJOR PRODUCTS: Agriculture Tobacco 1 st cash crop Lumber Rice

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CLIMATE AND FARMING CLIMATE Warm, humid Long growing season FARMING GREAT! Moist, rich soil

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Established by Lord Baltimore Settled by Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England Passed the Toleration Act provided religious freedom Farmed tobacco MARYLAND

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Carolina Was swampy & humid Poor administration Used Natives as slave labor Caused many battles Proprietors were no help so the king took over Separated into North and South

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Settled by General James Oglethorpe Purpose was to give debtors a new start Slavery was not allowed Allowed religious freedom GEORGIA

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Jamestown, Virginia Tobacco & women were the reason for the survival of Jamestown Swamp brought disease House of Burgesses was the 1 st representative government

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SLAVERY Slavery becomes a worldwide mistake

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Start of Slavery Africans were not the 1 st 1 st Indentured Servants (poor white English people who borrowed money to get to America)

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2 nd Native Americans (began to die of disease or escaped)

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3 rd Africans (slaves were critical for the tobacco harvest)

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Brought here through Triangle Trade This was the triangle of shipping of goods from America to Europe and slaves from Africa to America

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Now you are going to write a paragraph comparing the reasons for the colonization of the 13 colonies. Using your tree map make sure you address the economic, religious and social reasons.