The Nature of the Immune Response MKDU PPDS 2015

7/25/2019 The Nature of the Immune Response MKDU PPDS 2015

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The Nature of the ImmuneResponse

Yoes Prijatna Dachlan

Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Airlangga

YPD/MKDU JUNI/ 2!"


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#rotection $ro%

diseaseImmunity

In$ectious

disease

&he cells and %oleculesres#onsi'le $or i%%unit(

constitute the immune system

)ells* +rgans* and Microenviron%ent o$ the

I%%une ,(ste%

collective and coordinatedres#onse to the introduction o$

$oreign su'stances is

called the immune response

-accurate-harmony

-collaborative

'( the s#eciali.edanato%( and

%icroanato%( o$

the i%%une s(ste%,

However, even non infectious

foreign substances can elicit

immune responses.


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Yoes Prijatna Dachlan* 2!"0 1i##incotts Illustrated 3evie4s5I%%unolog( ,econd 6dition* 2!70


4/24

HCV transmission in Egypt, todayMedical IV injections, IV infusions, stitches, surgery, and gum

treatment are the main drivers of current HCV transmission

Intrafamilial transmission contributes to 5-1! of all

transmissionsIntravenous drug use "lays a minor #but increasing$ role, and

only in urban areas

ARAFA et al, J Hepatol 2005; PLANCOULAINE et al, Gut2008LAOUENAN et al, Hum Genetics 200; PAE! et al, PLo"

One 200PAE! et al, Gut, 20#0; $O"%A&A et al, Li'e( Int 20#0


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Organ Location Function

P3IMA3Y &h(%us A'ove and in$ront o$

the heart

Maturation andselection o$ & cells

P3IMA3Y 8oneMarro4

8one cavities Main location $orhae%ato#oiesis

,6)+NDA3Y &onsils At the 'ack o$thethroat

Detection o$ingested orinhaled #athogens

,6)+NDA3Y ,#leen U##er le$t9uadranto$ the a'do%en

Filtration o$ the'lood$or invading#athogens

,6)+NDA3Y 1(%#h nodesandl(%#hatics

:idel(distri'utedthroughout the'od(

Detection o$invading#athogens at sitesdistalto other l(%#hoidorgans

Some of the main lymphoid organs in the human body

microenvironment sistem imun yang tersebar disemua lini tubuh serta

mengatur sel-sel dalam watu dan ruang

1a%' &J* 2!2; ,tevens )D* 2!


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)ells* +rgans* and Microenviron%ent o$ the

I%%une ,(ste%

Primary lymphoid organs! bone marrow dan thymus

Secondary lymphoid organs! menyusun suatu oordinasi penyerangan

terhadap antigen "#g$

% a&l& limpa'lymphnode' berbagai situs husus di intestin dan (aringan

muosa lainnya

) Hematopoietic stem cell (*S+$! semua sel imun fungsional bangit dan berasaldari

*S+

(Yoes Prijatna Dachlan, 2!"#


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1a%' &J* 2!20

Innate and adaptive immune cells of the human bodyAll cells are derived $ro% sel$=rene4ing hae%ato#oietic ste%

cells in the 'one %arro4* and the( arise $ro% %(eloid or l(%#hoid #rogenitors

Yoes Prijatna Dachlan* 2!


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)ells o$ the %(eloid lineage

- Neutro#hils Neu0 5 = #hagoc(tosis* degranulasi

- 8aso#hil 8as0 5

= degranulasi

- 6osino#hil 6o0 5 = degranulasi

- Monoc(te Mon; Mo0 = #hagoc(tosis; c(tokine

#roduction in the 'lood

- Macro#hage Mac;

M>0 5

= #hagoc(tosis; c(tokine #roduction in the tissue; AP)

= %icroglial cells )N,0

= Ku#$$er cells liver0

= alveolar M> #ul%onar( air4a(s0

= osteoclast 'one0

#%bbas, &1&$(Yoes PrijatnaDachlan,2013)


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1(%#hoid tissues

,rimary lymphoid tissues

- 8one %arro4 5

= %(eloid lineage cells ?=@0

= er(throid lineage cells 2=70

= l(%#hoid lineage cells !0

= other cells !; stro%al cells*

$at cells* %ast cells0

- &h(%us 5

= & cell %aturation

Secondary lymphoid tissues

- MA1& %ucosa=associated

l(%#hoid tissues0 5

= NA1& naso#har(nB=associated lCtC0 = 8A1& 'ronchi=associated lCt0

= A1& gut associated lCt0

- ,A1& skin= associated lCt0

- 1(%#hatic s(ste%- 1(%#hnode

- ,#leen

Mak &: E ,aunders M6* 2!!0Yoes Prijatna Dachlan*2!70


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Micro'e

INN#T

Immunity#.#,TI/

Immunity

I001N S2ST0I001N S2ST0

'"ithelial

barriers

(hagocytes

Com"lement

)cells

*1* cells

+

cells %ctivation

) lym"hocytes

(roliferation

ifferentiation

* lym"hocytes

'ffector

)cells

.+

#.oes (rijatna achlan &1&$


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0arofag "03$

Mycobacterium

tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis being ingested "binding and internali4ation$ by a human

macrophage "03$ by time and space

KU8Y* 2!70



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Reognisi Imun

0T5

1i#o#rotein

M&8 1AM DNA

M&8

,cavenger

rece#torMa

nnose

rece#to

r

)o%#

le%ent

rece#tor

Internalisasi

0T5

&13

&13

Ku$$er cellsMicroglia

'loodtissue* s#leen* 1N

liver'rain

Non=#hagoc(ticconstitutiveAP)

L

1angerhans cellsInterdigitating D)Follicular D)

skinl(%#hoid tissuel(%#hoid tissue

1(%#hoc(te L 8 cells l(%#hoid tissues and at

sites o$ i%%unereactions

FacultativeAP)

Astroc(tes 'rain

L 6ndotheliu%Fi'ro'lasts

vasc and l(%#h tissueconnective tissue

#Male, *rostoff, 0oth, 0oitt, &9$(Yoes Prijatna Dachlan, 2!!#


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Four main tasks of the immunesystem

Immunologicalrecognition

the presence of an infection

must be detectedcarried out by innate and

adaptive immune system

Immune e!ectorfunctions

eliminate the infection

carried out by innate and

adaptive immune system

Immune regulation

immune response must bekept

under control the ability of the immune

system

to self-regulate

Immunological

memory

an unique feature ofadaptive

immunity



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+onse>uences of immune system imbalancesI%%une s(ste% ho%eostasis involves a regulated

'alance o$ in$la%%ator( and anti=in$la%%ator( cells; ho4ever* ske4ed res#onses #utativel( through

lack o$ %icro'ial eB#osure or outgro4th o$ #athogenic s#ecies %a( contri'ute to i%'alances

associated 4ith the develo#%ent o$ chronic in$la%%ator( disordersC

6B#ert 3ev Anti In$ect &herC 2! A#ril; G


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6! 6cells

$e'

$%

?@cells

62 6cells

?@

cells

DC&>

0nnate imm'ne system

Adapti/e imm'ne system

&echanicandchemical.arrier

Documents

The Nature of the Immune Response MKDU PPDS 2015