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Module 4.

SensitizingCornelius Damar Hanung

+Learning Objectives

To understand relations within sentences

To understand relations within complex sentences

To recognize and understand relations between parts of a text

To recognize and understand relation between ideas in a text

+1. Sensitizing

Understand relations within a sentence as well as between parts of a text= Mengerti arti sebuah kalimat dan hubungannya dalam sebuah

bagian teks atau artikel.

“If you want to understand a sentence, a paragraph or even a text,

it is important to know what the subjects and the verbs are, whether or not there is a relation

between them.”

“Once you know them, it is easier for you to understand a text”

“Jika Anda ingin dapat mengerti arti sebuah kalimat, paragraf atau bahkan sebuah teks,

Sangatlah penting untuk mengetahui Subjek dan Kata Kerja dalam bagian tersebut, ya atau tidak

terdapat sebuah hubungan di antara bagian tersebut.”

“Sekali anda dapat menentukannya (Subjek dan Kata Kerja), akanlah sangat

mudah untuk mengerti sebuah teks.”

+1. Sensitizing

Two learning activities

Understanding relations within sentence

Understanding between parts of a text

+1. Sensitizing

Example 1 (Match the subjects with its verbs):

The firms that do well are likely to be those who remember the Mao principle when

they are presented with a consultant’s report that purports to be a blueprint for

success.

The firms purports

A consultant’s report do well

The Mao Principle remember

Example 2 (Match the subjects with its verbs)

Cambodian First Prime Minister Uong Huot hopes that border issues with Vietnam

can be resolved by 2000, the Labour newspaper reported yesterday.

The Labour Newspaper hopes

Uong Huot reported

Border issues can be resolved

+Sensitizing

Example 3 (Divide the following sentences into sense group):

THE JAPANESE SHOULD NOT REGARD THE crisis in Indonesia as

something that could not happen in Japan. Asia is Heavily dependent on

the economy of Japan. It is depressingly clear that the country is not

likely to switch into economic high gear anytime soon. The nation’s

economy and financial system were nearly paralyzed when Japan’s own

bubble burst several years ago. And the best and brightest problem

solvers in the past decades were tainted by the corruption. Nobody

seems to lead properly. We need to make public all the details of

wrongdoing. In order to save Japan, power needs to be shifted from the

corrupt bureaucrats and incompetent politicians to the ordinary citizens

+2. Understanding Relations within Complex Sentences“In order to read efficiently and not stumble on every word it will be essential for the students to grasp the structure of the sentences they read at once

(Grellet, 1981).”

“Untuk dapat membaca secara efisien dan tidak tersandung pada

setiap kata, sangatlah penting bagi mahasiswa untuk memahami

struktur kalimat tersebut dalam sekali baca.”

Subjek

Predicate/Verb/Kata Kerja

Object/Objek

Core of the sentence/ Inti dari Kalimat/ Induk Kalimat

Noun Clause/ Anak Kalimat

Etc.

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+Example

The commissioner monitors the warrants issued by the home secretary that allow M15 agents to bug or burgle private premisses, while the tribunial respond to complains from the public about the security service.

Kalimat diatas dapat dikelompokkoan menjadi 2 bagian :

1. Induk Kalimat/inti kalimat

2. Anak Kalimat/ Kalimat pelengkap atau kalimat penjelas

Induk Kalimat :

The commissioner monitors the warrants, while the tribunial respond to complains from the public about the security service

Anak Kalimat:

the warrants issued by the home secretary

the warrants allow M15 agents to bug or burgle private premises

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+2. Understanding Relations within Complex Sentences

Example

British education (1)… to develop fully the abilities of individuals, both young and (2)…., for their own benefit and that of society as a whole. Compulsory schooling takes place (3)… the ages of 4 or 5 and 16. Some provision is made for children (4)… school age, and many pupils remain at second beyond the minimum leaving age. Post-school education, mainly at universities and institutions of further and higher education, is organized flexibly to provide a (5)…. Range of opportunities for academic and vocational education and continuing study throughout life. (from Britain 1993 An Official Book).

See page 4.15 for the possible answers, and fill in the blank.

+2. Understanding Relations within Complex Sentences

In-class exercise: Exercise 1 (I, II, III) P 4.16 – 4.17

+3. Linking Sentences and Ideas: Reference

+3. Linking Sentences and Ideas: Reference

Example: A man enters a darkened room in a Canadian laboratory and a

white-coated technician puts what looks like a motorcycle helmet with electrodes protruding from it over his head. The man settles into a chair and the technician presses some switches. The man sits silently for a while with his eyes closed and then begins to move. Expressions of increasingly severe anxiety flit across his face. Finally he tears off the helmet and rushes out of the room, screaming.

Refers to something

What it refers to

Before After

It o - Motorcycle helmet

His head o - The man

His eyes o - The man

His face o - Th eman

+Example How do we know we feel pain? The answer seems fairly

obvious because it hurts. But how we perceive pain varies between individuals and each set circumstances when a hammer hits your thumb, all attention in focused on that spot. This is often referred to as “good” pain because without it your might not notice a burn or broken bone.

Refers to (Merujuk pada) What it refers to

Before After

It √ Pain

That √ Spot

It √ Good pain

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Let’s exercise!!

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Thank you for listeningSee you another class….