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The Mycenaeans
Vocabulary:
• Mycenaeans – People from the southern part of Russia that settled in Greece around 2000BC
• Megaron – square room at the center of the palace where the king would hold council meetings and entertain guests
• Tenants – People who live and work on another persons land, usually for a fee
• Trojans – People from a major trading city, Troy, in Asia minor who went to war with the Mycenaeans
• Homer – blind Greek poet who wrote the “Iliad” and the “Odyssey”, responsible for recording the history of the Trojan War, combined history with legend
• “The Iliad” – Poem written by Homer which tells the story of the Trojan War
• “The Odyssey” – Poem written by Homer about Trojan War hero Odysseus and his journey
• Civil Wars – wars between people in the same country
• Dorians – group of people who forced the Mycenaean people out of Greece and into Ionia
• “Dark Age” – a time period when culture and advancements are lost
• Hellenes – (Greeks) name the Mycenaean people took when they emerged from the dark age
I. Mycenaeans (Introduction) • Group of people that moved from Russia to
Greece around 2000 BC
• Kings lived in fortress palaces at the tops of hills
- the people of the kingdom took shelter in these palaces when they were under attack
- Also held meetings and entertainment in the Megaron
• Land was divided into large estates owned by wealthy landowners
- farmed by slaves or tenants
- landowners gave the king valuable items for protection
I. Mycenaeans (Introduction) (Continued)
• Hunters
- deer, rabbits, wild boar and bull, and game birds
- Women would go along on chariot hunts
- Used Greyhounds to hunt
- Trapped prey in nets and used spears to kill the pray
I. Mycenaeans (Introduction) (Continued)
II. Traders and Pirates • Adopted many of the Minoan practices
including shipbuilding
• Grew rich off of Olive Oil - Used for cooking, perfume, and lamps • Warriors - well equipped with animal hide shields and bronze armor - the Mycenaeans were famous for being pirates
III. The Trojan War • The city of Troy was charging the
Mycenaeans to transport goods to the Black Sea, so they attacked them
• The story of the Trojan War is told in Homer’s “The Iliad” (written 500 yrs after the war)
- The reason for the war in his story was a woman, Helen - Why would Homer tell the story this way?
• The war started when the Trojan prince, Paris, fell in love with the Mycenaean Queen, Helen.
• Paris kidnapped Helen, making the king send the Mycenaean Army after them
• The Mycenaeans could not break through the walls
III. The Trojan War (The Iliad)
• Odysseus, came up w/ the idea to build a giant hollow horse that looked like a victory prize
• They then hid some of the Mycenaean troops inside and send some of them home so that it looked like a retreat
• The Trojans saw the boats leaving a pulled the horse into the city.
• When night fell the Mycenaeans attacked killing the king and taking Helen back to Greece
III. The Trojan War (The Iliad)
IV. A “Dark Age” • Civil wars after the Trojan War weakened
Mycenaeans
• Dorians defeated the Mycenaeans w/ stronger weapons
• Mycenaeans moved to Ionia
- Lost all cultural and technological advancements
- Had to develop new communities
• The new people of the new civilizations began to identify them selves as “Hellenes” or “Greeks”
• This new civilization lasted between 700BC until 336BC
IV. A “Dark Age”
