THE MODERN WORLD:1800-1945

INTRODUCTION 19th century artists and writers, walking

through the city streets would be equivalent to us channel surfing today

19th century also gave birth to leisure activities such as shopping, going to entertainments, or visiting art museums

Art was now for everybody 1st national museum was the Louvre in

Paris

NEOCLASSICISM Neoclassicism- greatest subject matter

of all, history including Classical mythology and biblical scenes

Jean-Auguste-Dominique-Ingres- student of Jacques-Louis David that made this style popular during this time

Ex. Jupiter and Thetis- from Homer’s Iliad

ROMANTICISM Not so much a style but a set of

attitudes and characteristic subjects The style rebelled against leading

thinkers and wanted to focus on emotion, intuition, individual experience, and above all imagination.

Ex. Eugene Delacroix- The Women of Algiers and Liberty Leading the People

GOYA, EXECUTIONS OF THE THIRD OF MAY

IMPRESSIONISM Art moved outdoors, the true outdoors Portable oil tubes enabled artists to

bring their art outside Leisure activities of the middle class

were their favorite subjects

CLAUDE MONET The most faithful of all impressionists His great subject was landscape Ex. A Bridge Over a Pool of Water Lilies

PIERRE-AUGUSTE RENOIR Began directly with the colors instead

of building layers Straightforward painting technique

devoted to capturing perception Ex. Le Moulin de la Galette

POST-IMPRESSIONISM Meaning simply the artist that came

after Impressionism Artists include: Georges Seurat Vincent van Gogh Paul Gauguin Paul Cezanne

SEURAT Developed the technique of Pointillism-

discrete dots and dashes of pure color were supposed to blend in the viewer’s eye

Ex. A Sunday on La Grande Jatte

VAN GOGH Used high-keyed colors, agitated

brushwork, and emotional intensity Ex. The Starry Night and Wheat Field

and Cypress Trees

MARY CASSATT (LATE 19TH CENTURY) She focused on intimate domestic

scenes of mothers and children-a world men rarely depicted in art

Ex. The Boating Party

FAUVISM Did not last long (about 3 years) Crucial for the development of modern

art Critics called these artists fauves or

“wild beasts”

ANDRE DERAIN (1905) Used pure, unmixed pigments, applied

straight from the tube at times Ex. View of Collioure

EXPRESSIONISM Describes any style where the artist’s

subjective feelings take precedence over objective observation

Ex. Edvard Munch- The Scream

VASILI KANDINSKY He discovered the power of

nonrepresentational art when he didn’t recognize a painting in his own studio

He realized that subject matter was only incidental to art’s impact

He wrote that color influences the soul (color-keyboard, eyes-hammer, soul-piano with many strings)

Ex. Black Lines

CUBISM The beauty of cubism was that like

linear perspective, anybody could do it

PABLO PICASSO Born in Spain Loved women Came up with cubism “An artist works of necessity, that he

himself is only a trifling bit of the world, and that no more importance should be attached to him than to plenty of other which please us in the world, though we can’t explain them.”

LES DEMOISELLES D’AVIGNON

SEATED WOMAN

GUITAR, SHEET MUSIC, AND GLASS

GEORGES BRAQUE One of the most naturally gifted artists

in history Worked with Picasso Their styles became virtually identical

THE CASTLE AT LA ROCHE-GUYON

THE EMIGRANT

FANTASY AND FUTURISM These artists believed that art would

move forward only through exploring new subjects

GIORGIO DE CHIRICO One of the most influential artist of this

style “to become truly immortal a work of art

must escape all human limits: logic and common sense will only interfere”

Dreams are what come to mind in this example, nothing in nature at all

THE DISQUIETING MUSES

DADA Art style that rebelled against art itself Ready-made is a work of art that the

artist has not made but designated Most notorious artist of this style was

Marcel Duchamp

MARCEL DUCHAMP Ordinary porcelain urinal set upright on

its back After the exhibition the object was to

be returned to life Wanted to prove a point

FOUNTAIN

SURREALISM Appreciated logic of dreams,

unconscious, bizarre, irrational, and marvelous

Was a way of life Automatism- writing or drawing that

flowed straight from the subconscious, unchecked by reason or inhibitions

SALVADOR DALI Super realistic- yet the forms could not

possibly be real Perhaps in this painting Dali’s dream or

fantasy was to triumph time

THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE 1920’S Served as a magnet for some of the

greatest talents such as- artists, musicians, composers, actors, writers, poets, scientists, and educators.

Lasted only a decade 3 experiences that made up this movement: Heritage of Africa Ugly legacy of slavery Modern urban life

AARON DOUGLAS Studied West African sculpture and

used flattened space Ex. Aspects of Negro Life: From Slavery

to Reconstruction

OTHER RENAISSANCE ARTISTS Dorothea Lange- Migrant Mother Rockwell Kent- Workers of the World,

Unite!