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PIXEL ART

by Monika Zagrobelna 29 Aug 2014 4 Comments

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What You'll Be Creating

For I long time avoided pixel art, because it looked so stiff to me. After all, we need to

consciously limit ourselves to an old style coming from times when we were, in fact,

limited. But now we have so many advanced tools, we can create photo realistic pictures,

so restricting our capabilities is like cutting the wings off the creation process. However,

we can't deny that nowadays, when artists try to be more and more realistic in their

works, pixel art is still eye-catching.

The problem is pixel art seems not to obey the rules of normal painting. You'd like to turn

on some music and paint almost unconsciously, but it doesn't work here. Suddenly lines

look rugged, colors don't want to blend, and everything looks like your creations in

Microsoft Paint from years ago—even if you're a good artist in general!

Is there any way to create pixel art without giving up on the spontaneous, quick method of

creating? Do we really need to count pixels one by one to simulate a smooth edge? And

why actually do we need to restrict ourselves to typical MS Paint tools when working in a

powerful Photoshop? The answer is, we don't.

In this tutorial I'll show you the laziest way possible to create a believable semi-pixel

art—maybe not the most perfect and clear, but one that will not restrict your artistic

freedom with careful building.

1. Prepare the Sketch

As for every drawing, we need the line art started with a sketch. There's no need to start

in pixel scale—sketch your picture in any way you like, on computer or in your

sketchbook. If you want to use the same sketch as me, here's a quick method for it.

However, I suggest creating your own line art and adjusting my further advice to it.

Step 1

Start with a simple, messy sketch picturing your main idea.

The sketch doesn't need to be clean at all

Step 2

Create the simple blocks of the body. Imagine they're all in 3D.

Start defining the body

Step 3

Add the blocks for big details that weren't included in your first sketch.

Add more details

Step 4

Add all the details you need. It doesn't need to be clean line art, just make sure to include

everything you'll want to have in the final work.

Finish the sketch

2. Prepare the File

Step 1

Create a New File (Control-N) and set the size to 245 x 331 (or less). We need to

choose something small enough for the pixels to be prominent, but also big enough to

save some space for details.

The smaller resolution, the less pixels you'll be able to use

Step 2

Paste your sketch into the newly created file. Use Free Transform Tool (Control-T)

when holding Shift to resize the sketch and adjust it to the area. Name the layer Sketch.

Step 3

By coming to View > Show > Pixel Grid you can turn on and off a kind of helpful guide

lines. They are thin white lines showing the borders of pixels. You need to decide what

view do you prefer, and sometimes it may be easier to turn it off, especially when shading

and coloring.

1—pixel grid off; 2—pixel grid on

Step 4

Lower the Opacity of the Sketch layer to create a template for the line art. Choose any

value that fits you, then lock the layer.

3. Create the Line Art

Step 1

Create a New Layer (Control-Shift-Alt-N) and grab the Pencil Tool (B) with the size of

1px. Then simply draw the outline with the pencil, as if you were doing it in a bigger scale

with a brush. Don't care about the rugged edge!

The setting for a sharp pencil

Step 2

The rugged edge is created by cooped pixels. A smooth line in a small scale should

contain as little pixels as possible, without breaking the continuity. The easiest method to

do it is to make sure all the pixels contact through only one way (side or corner, never

both).

The lines we've created don't follow this rule at all, because Photoshop has a different

view on smooth lines. We'll need to review all the lineart to find the redundant pixels!

Step 3

Use the Eraser Tool (E) in Pencil Mode. Make sure Transfer is unchecked in the Brush

Settings (F5), so that it was independent from the pen pressure. Using size of 1px erase

the redundant parts.

There's one exception to this rule. Sharp, tapered shapes may need to be "closed" with

an additional pixel, otherwise they would look open from distance.

That's what we're aiming for. Name the layer Outline.

Step 4

Now we need to create a Clipping Mask to define the "inside" of the dragon. Do the

following:

Select the Magic Wand Tool (W) and change its tolerance to 0;1.

Deselect Anti-alias;2.

Select the areas outside of the dragon body with the Magic Wand Tool;3.

Control-Shift-I to inverse the selection.4.

Step 5

Create a New Layer under Outline and fill the selection with the Paint Bucket Tool (G).

Use something about 50% gray ( #808080 ). Nam the layer Clipping Mask.

Step 6

Drag the Sketch between Clipping Mask and Outline. Click Outline and Sketch when

holding Shift to select them both, then hit Control-Alt-G to create a Clipping Mask.

Step 7

Now we need to define the internal line art. Create a New Layer under the Outline and

draw the lines with pixels.

Step 8

Clean the lineart just as we did before. Name the layer Line art.

There's a big difference between random and clean lineart

4. Define the Form

The line art is done, now we need to create a 3D form of it. We'll do it using black and

white as indicators of light and shadow.

Step 1

This way we'll want to use a bigger pencil creating more diverse strokes. Just check

Transfer in Brush Settings and make sure it's set to Pen Pressure (works with tablets

only!).

Step 2

Create a New Layer under Lineart. Name it Ambient Occlusion 1. We're going to define

the form without caring about light and shadow at the moment.

The method for it is simple. Choose color a bit brighter than the base and paint subtly the

areas between lines of the line art. Don't get too close to them! If you push your pen

gently enough, you will get varied opacity strokes.

Step 3

Change the Opacity of Line art to 10%. This way it'll become a part of the shading.

Step 4

Create a New Layer and name it Ambient Occlusion 2. Again, select a bit brighter

shade and paint over the previous strokes, trying not to touch their borders.

Step 5

Time for shadow. Create a New Layer and name it Shadow. Change its Blending Mode

to Multiply. Use gray, Soft Brush (not a pencil this time!) to paint the shadows as you'd

normally do in non-pixel art.

Settings for a soft brush

Here I painted the shadows red so that you could see their position better

Step 6

The strokes we've used are soft and are making the picture less "pixel" that we'd like. We

can fix it easily. Duplicate (Control-J) Shadow layer, turn off the visibility of the original,

then select the copy (name it Shadow 2). Go to Filter > Convert for Smart Filters. Hit

OK, then go to Filter > Noise > Add Noise and change the options to your needs.

Step 7

Turn on the Shadow layer back. See if they fit each other. If you want more pixel look,

change the Opacity of the Shadow layer or even delete it. You can always change the

amount of noise by double-clicking its Add Noise property.

Step 8

Create a New Layer and paint illuminated areas with white soft brush. Use Screen

Blending Mode to make it more shining. Name the layer Light.

Step 9

Again, we need to make it harder in appearance. Repeat the process, this time using a

larger amount of noise.

Step 10

Make sure everything looks just as you want it.

Step 11

The body is still very smooth, so let's use more tricks to fix it. First, you can change the

Opacity of Line art to make it more clear. Also, create a New Layer and add messy

white pixels on the highlight.

Step 12

Blend the messy white pixels with a bit darker pixels.

You can do the same trick with shadowed area and black/dark gray pixels.

5. Add Colors

Step 1

Create a New Layer and name it Color Base. Use the Paint Bucket Tool (G) with dark,

unsaturated version of the main color you want to use (in my case, #496d91 ). Then

change its Blending Mode to Multiply.

Step 2

Turn off the visibility of Color Base. Create a New Layer for every color you want to use.

Grab a Soft Brush in Dissolve mode and paint the areas you want to color. Don't care

about accuracy now, be as messy as you want. Then turn on Color Base, change the

Blending Mode of the color layers to Color, and, if necessary, change the Opacity of

them to blend them in.

Step 3

Create a New Layer and name it Color Light. Use a soft white Brush in Normal mode

to paint the illuminated areas. Then change the Blending Mode of the layer to Overlay.

Step 4

Create a New Layer, name it Pixel Light. Draw messy, bright dots all over the

previously defined area with the Pencil Tool. The goal is to make it more pixel in look.

Step 5

Change the Blending Mode of Pixel Light to Color Dodge and lower its Opacity to

blend into the Color Light.

Step 6

Create a New Layer and name it Color Highlight. Use the Pencil Tool and white color

to paint tiny dots of light in the brightest areas. You can use Screen Blending Mode for

it.

Step 7

Create a New Layer, name it Color Shadow. Use a Soft Brush to paint over the

shadow areas with a color that could be an ambient light. In my case, it's purple. Change

its Blending Mode to Color and lower the Opacity if you find it necessary.

Step 8

Create a New Layer and name it Reflected Light. Use the Pencil Tool to draw reflected

light with a brighter version of the previous color. Keep it in shadow area only! Then

change the Blending Mode of the layer to Overlay.

6. Final Polish

Step 1

We need to take care of the outline. As you can see, it looks great on the black

background, but if we want to make the background transparent, we won't be able to

control the color of the outline.

Create a New Layer just under Outline and name it Smoothing. Use white Pencil to

draw a line on the right of the black outline. Copy its flow to avoid cooped pixels. Change

the Blending Mode of the layer to Screen and lower the Opacity if needed.

Now we've got a decent outline that fits every background without transparency on the

edges.

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Step 2

When you're ready to save the file, hit Control-Shift-Alt-S to Save for Web. Select GIF

as the format. You can safely check Transparency, because we made sure there's no

half-transparent pixels in the outline.

You can also make your picture even more pixelated by playing with the options. Lowering

the amount of colors is the easiest one, but Web Snap and Lossy will give you cool

effects without changing the colors.

The less colors, the lower quality...

...but you can also make the pixels more distinctive pixel-look without it!

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We're Done!

In this tutorial we've learned how to create a pixel art effect when you're too lazy and

impatient to do it the proper way—or when you're like me and you're too used to painting

workflow. It works the best for big pixel artworks, but you can modify it to smaller ones

too. I hope you enjoyed the lesson!

Difficulty:

Intermediate

Length:

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Categories:

Pixel Art Adobe Photoshop Fantasy Animals Illustration

Translations Available:

Tuts+ tutorials are translated by our community members. If you'd like to translate this post into another language, let us

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About Monika Zagrobelna

+ Expand Bio

I'm a Polish artist with a long experience in doing useless, but creative things. Since I realized how bad I was after

Digital Drawing 101: Drawing Animals

Kirk Nelson

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4 Comments 1

• •

marchellow •

nice article, although — as you mentioned — it is not true pixelart. but I get the idea. doing oldschool

pixelart is very time consuming and it requires great dedication and patience.

I recently started a tumblr blog, where I try to draw one beer can a day in the oldschool pixelart way,

limited to 8 colors. just thought I throw it in: http://8bitbeer.tumblr.com/

(edit: well, the image got reprocessed by disqus, but you can look at the original at tumblr)

• •

Andrey 'lolmaus' Mikhaylov •

This is a fantastic article. PLEASE publish a timelapse gif of all the steps.

Monika Zagrobelna •

There you go: http://i.imgur.com/KPZSIs6.gif

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