Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
THE ISLAND OF ICE & FIRE
THE ISLAND OF ICE & FIRE
STILL ACTIVE ...
1963 – iceland of Surtsey created by submarine eruption
1973 – volcanic eruption on iceland of Heimaey
frequent earthquakes
1996 – jökulhlaup (glacier burst)
STILL ACTIVE ...
HOW BIG IT IS?
103.000 km2 320,000 inhabitants (63% in the Capital Region)
2,166,086 km2
ca 500 km
ca 300 km
Czech Rep.: 78 866 km2 10,4 million
inhabitans
HOW FAR IT IS?
Faroe Islands
66˚33´
63˚24´
13˚30´24˚32´
286 km
950 km
Arctic Circle
795 km
HOW COLD IT IS?
HOW COLD IT IS?
Reykjavík: mean annual temperature 5˚C
average in January -0.4˚C, in July 11.2˚C
wintertime: 0˚C ± 5 summertime: 10˚C ± 5
ICELAND´s superlatives
largest glacier in Europe - Vatnajökull (3100 km3, 8300 km², 1000 km thick)
most powerful waterfall in Europe - Dettifoss (avarage water flow 200 m3/s, 100 m wide, 44 m high)
oldest parliament in the world – the Althing (founded 930 AD)
most northern capital in the world – Reykjavík (64°08' N )
A BRIEF HISTORY
874AD Ingólfur Arnarson arrives → 1st permanent settlement(Reykjavík)
A BRIEF HISTORY: from Vikings to Economic Crisis
874AD Ingólfur Arnarson arrives → 1st permanent settlement
1262- 1918 under Norwegian → Danish crown
1918 independence
2007 ranked as the most developed country by the United Nations' Human Development Index
4th most productive country per capita
2008 the nation’s banking system systematically failed
(Reykjavík)
1000AD – Christianity adopted
HOW DO THEY SPEAK? ICELANDIC
the language of the Vikings
Icelandic alphabet
medieval Sagas & Eddas
Hæ!Bæ!
OUR JOURNEY
0.0.3b.3b.
3c.3c.
1.1.
2.2.
3a.3a.
3d.3d.
by boat
HOW DID WE TRAVEL?
by planeby plane
by bus
by bike
by carby car
on foot...
... over & through water – the fords
... through water – the fords
OUR ACCOMODATION
WHICH REGIONS DID WE VISIT?
The West Fjords Mývatn & Krafla
NP Skaftafell & Jökulsárlon
NP Jökulsárglúrfjur
„Golden Triangle“Around Vatnajökull
The North
WEST FJORDSrugged but friendly
WEST FJORDSrugged but friendly
around VATNAJÖKULL: Jökulsarlon
Hveragerði
VOLCANIC REGIONS
around Krafla...
& Mývatn
Mývatn & Krafla region
GOLDEN TRIANGLEÞingvellír Gullfoss
GeysírGolden Falls
Strokkur
Gullfoss (Golden Falls)
WATERFALLS
Goðafoss(waterfall of the gods)
Svartifoss(Black Falls)Seljandsfoss
Skógafoss(Forest Falls)
more WATERFALLS..
Stratifoss
Dettifoss
TOWNSTOWNS
Reykjavík
Akureyri
Husavík
VíkHveragerđi
Ísafjörđur
HusavíkÍsafjörđur
TOWNSTOWNS
Vík
Akureyri
16,500
4,000
300
2,300
120,200(201,800)
Reykjavík
Left behind by the Vikings:
ICELANDIC SHEEP
Without sheep Iceland would have been inhabitable.
~ 2 million
Left behind by the Vikings: ICELANDIC HORSE
5 gaits:fetgangur = walk, step
brokk = trottölt = faster walk
skeið = pacestokk = gallop
~ 80 000 in Iceland~ 100 000 abroad
PLANT LIFE
TREES
BIRDLIFE
Ptarmigan Alpenschneehuhn Lagopus mutus
BIRDLIFE
Common Eider
Eiderente
Somateria mollissima
Whooper swan Singschwan
Cygnus cygnus
Golden plover Pluvialis apricaria
Goldregenpfeiffer
Charadrius hiaticula
Ringed Plover
Sandregenpfeiffer
BIRDLIFE Red-necked Phalarope
Odinshünchen
Phalaropus lobatus
Redshank
Rotschenkel Tringa totanus
Uferschnepfe Black-tailed Godwit
Limosa limosa
Whimbrel
Regenbrachvogel Numenius phaeopus
BIRDLIFE
Oystercatcher Austernfischer
Haematopus ostralegus
Black-headed Gull Lachmöwe
Larus ridibundus
Herring Gull
Silbermöwe
Larus argentatus
Fulmar
Eissturmvogel
Fulmarus glacialis
Puffin
Vík
Puffin
Fratercula arctica
Papageitaucher Lundi
PAPUCHALK PLOSKOZOBÝ
Puffin
Puffin
Westfjords: Surprise in the water
Takk fyrir áheyrnina
Iceland’s highest peak – Hvannadalshnjúkur (2,119 m).
Iceland’s biggest lake – Thingwallavatn (83 m2)
