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The identity of Orius tantillus(Motschulsky) and notes on otherOriental Anthocoridae (Hemiptera,Heteroptera)M.S.K. Ghauri aa Commonwealth Institute of Entomology , London, S.W.7Published online: 13 Feb 2007.

To cite this article: M.S.K. Ghauri (1972) The identity of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) and notes onother Oriental Anthocoridae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera), Journal of Natural History, 6:4, 409-421, DOI:10.1080/00222937200770381

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J. nat. Hist., 1972, 6 : 409-421

The identity of Orius tantil lus (Motschulsky) and notes on other Oriental Anthocoridae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera)

M. S. K. G H A U R I

Commonwealth Insti tute of Entomology, London, S.W.7

During the last few years, the writer has received Anthocoridae in increasing numbers for identification from various countries, especially Pakistan and India. These anthocorids have been recorded as predacious upon destructive insects and other pests, such as thrips, aphids and mites which were found infesting cultivated plants. Most of the anthocorids in this s tudy are of very small size and difficult to identify merely with the help of external characters. The only distinguishing feature to separate them from one another satisfactorily was found to be the shape of their male genitalia. I t was found that three species from the material under s tudy were by their external appearance almost identical to four species of the genus Orius, namely Orius tantillus (Motschulsky, 1863, p. 89), Orius indicus (Reuter, 1885, p. 645), Orius ianthe (Distant, 1910, p. 305) and Orius niger (Wolff, 1811, p. 167) ssp. aegyptiacus Wagner (1952, p. 33). These species were either described from or recorded (vide Ghauri, 1972) as occurring in areas comprised of Pakistan, India and Ceylon. Of these four species, three viz. 0. tantillus, 0. indicus and 0. ianthe are nominal and only 0. niger aegyptiacus can be identified with certainty. The reason for this state of affairs is the usual one: their descriptions by the old authors are inadequate lacking illustrations of male genitalia, and are, therefore, of little help in determining them. The unique type of 0. tantillus is lost, the unique type of 0. indicus si a female designated here as lectotype and the unique type of 0. ianthe has lost its abdomen.

The similarities in their external appearance might be due to their over- lapping distribution, the only isolation for them apparently being sexual. Hence their only differentiating feature is in the shape of the aedeagus. On the basis of male genitalia, therefore, the specimens which externally look very much alike were separated as three distinct species. One was found identical to Orius niger aegyptiacus Wagner, another has been identified in the past as Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) which also has a very wide distribution, from Ceylon through India and Pakistan to Solomon Islands, Queensland, and Guam, and the third, theoretically speaking, could be given the next name in seniority which is Orius indicus (Reuter). This name was, however, synony- mised with Orius tantillus by Distant (1906, p. 8). The fourth name which is also the most junior is Orius ianthe (Distant) for which there is no distinguish- able male specimen available. However, since none of the nominal species, viz. 0. tantillus, 0. indicus and 0. ianthe, can be determined with certainty, the decision one has to make regarding the naming of material under s tudy would be purely arbitrary.

The specimens which agree in the shape of male genitalia with those which were known in the past as O. tantillus and originated from Ceylon (broadly

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speaking, the type locality because the actual type locality is the environs of Colombo, Ceylon) will be known from now on as O. tantillus. Other specimens collected from other places, but comparable with this concept should be identified as O. tantillus.

Orius indicus (Renter) and O. ianthe (Distant) were described from Bengal (Bengalia and Calcutta, respectively). There being no male specimen available from Bengal at the moment, it seems inadvisable to use either of these names. Hence the third species will be described in the following paragraphs as new.

In addition to the above mentioned three species, there are five more species of Orius, which are described here as new. Most of the material on which the following descriptions are based was received from the Common- wealth Institutes of Biological Control, Pakistan and India.

Two species (Triphleps sinui and T. ramae) described by Narayanan and Chatterji (1952 and 1953) under Triphleps, from India, have been synony- raised by Carayon (1961) as Xylocoris flavipes Renter.

Apart from Orius spp., a new species of the genus Tetraphleps Fieber is also described in the following pages. A name for this species has been sought for a long time by the Indian Station of the Commonwealth Insti tute of Biological Control.

I wish to express my warmest thanks to the Keeper, Dr. P. Freeman, Dr. W. J. Knight and Mrs. G. Black of the Department of Entomology, British Museum (Natural History), London, for the permission to study the material under their care. Appropriate acknowledgments are made separately to the donors of the specimens under each description.

The terms used in this paper for various parts of the aedeagus are after Stichel (1959, p. 33).

Genus Orius Wolff

Wolff 1811, Icones Cimicum fasc. 5. p. iv. Type species, Salda nigra Wolff, 1811, ibid. p. 167, fig. 161. Synonym Triphleps Fieber 1860, Wien ent. Monatschr. 4: 266. Type species Salda nigra Wolff (vide China 1943, The generic names of British

Insects Hemiptera-Heteroptera, with a check list of the British species. London. Part 8: 253.)

There is some confusion in the literature regarding the date of the species Salda nigra Wolff and the type species of the genus Triphleps Fieber. Wagner, as late as 1952, gave the date for Orius niger (Wolff) (=Salda nigra Wolff) as 1804. A careful perusal of Wolff's 1804, Icones Cimicum fasc. 4, revealed that in that year and volume no such species as Salda nigra was described. In Sherborn (1928, Index Animalium 1801-1850, London, page 4319) however the date for this species is correctly given as 1811.

Distant (1906, Fauna of British India, London, 3 : 8 ) gave TriphleTs laevigatus Fieber as the type species of Triphleps Fieber (1860), most probably because Fieber's list of species is headed by T. laevigatus, but the oldest name in that list is Salda nigra Wolff, hence China's action (1943, referred to above) is justified as against Distant 's fixation of T. laevigatus as the type species of Triphleps.

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Identity of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) 411

I am grateful to Dr. W. E. China for his usual generous help in clarifying the above problem.

Orius tantillus (M o tsch ulsky)

(Figs. 1 and 2) Anthocoris tantiUus Motschulsky, 1863, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, (3) 36 : 89. Triphleps tantillus (Motschulsky), Distant 1906, Fauna of British India, London, 3 " 8. Orius niobe Herring, 1967, Inects Mieronesia (8) 7: 399-490; Syn. nov.

Orius tantillus does not fit in with the definition of any subgenus of the genus Orius as given by Wagner (1952, p. 56). The shape of the pronotum is like that of the subgenus Dimorphella (callosities of the pronotum shallow and separated) whereas the shape of the aedeagus and the length of the 3rd and 4th antennal segments is similar to that of the subgenus Heterorius (conus of male genitalia towards tip thin; 4th antennal segment hardly longer than 3rd). As a matter of fact O. tantillus, in the past has been listed under the subgenus Heterorius (vide Ghuari, 1965, p. 687). For the present this species should be considered as of uncertain subgeneric relationship. This idea is also strengthened by the shape of its tripartite flagellum.

Characterized by the peculiar shape of its aedeagus. Colour. Head, pronotum, last two segments of antennae, scutellum, base

of clavus, sternites and abdomen brown to dark brown; first two antennal segments, femora and tibia~ and corium pale white and cuneus and connexivum light brown.

Measurements in mm Length of head 0.24 Width of head across eyes 0-35 Width of head between eyes 0-17 Distance between oeelli 0.14 Median length of pronotum 0-28 Maximum width of pronotum 0.64 Length of antennal segments I, II, I I I and

IV, respectively 0.08, 0.21, 0.17 & 0.18 Total length of body 1.48

Structure. Head and pronotum dull, punctate, pronotal disc with shallow callosities separated by few punctures; collar enclosed, lateral margins of pronotum wide; long setae on pronotal angles absent; anterior tibiae of male with a row of peg-like teeth; aedoagus with three branches of flagellum, but it is difficult to decide whether one of these processes is homologus with dentieulus; the usual iocation of denticulus is either on the body of conus (most species) or somewhere between conus and flagellum (vide fig. 11 c, p. 51, of O.albidipennis by Wagner, 1952); in O. tantillus the uppermost process, as shown in fig. 2, shows the consistency of a denticulus (more sclerotised than other processes) while the lower two processes are comparatively thinly sclerotised. The point of origin of these processes shows, however, that they are part of flagellum. This is also proved by the fact that the lowest process in the figure is on the opposite side of eonus from the usual position of denticulus.

The above redescription of O. tantillus (Motsehulsky) is based upon the following material. A male from this material has been designated as the

J.N.H. 2 E

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FIGs. 1-10 (l) H e a d and p rono tum; (2) Aedeagus of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky). (3) H e a d and p rono tum; (4) Aedeagus of Orius (Dimorphella) maxidentex sp. n. (5) Head and p rono tum ; (6) Aedeagus of Orius (Dimorphella) latibasis sp. n. (7) Head and p rono tum; (8) Aedeagus of Oriu8 conchaco~u8 sp. n. (9) H e a d and p rono tum; (10) Aedeagus of Orius (Heterorius) bulgaconus sp. n.

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Identity of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) 413

FlaS. 11-17; (11) t t eadandpronotum; (12)AedeagusofOrius(Orius)luridoidessp. n. (13)ttead and pronotum; (14) Aedeagus of Orius (Orius) bifilarus sp. n. (15) Aedeagus of Orius (Orius) niger Wolffssp. aegyptiacus Wagner, from Nepal. (16) Dorsal view of body; (17) Scent gland spout of Tetraphleps galchanoides sp. n.

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Neotype, since the unique type specimen has been lost. The writer wishes to express his gratitude to Dr. I. M. Kerzhner (Leningrad) who has kindly informed him that the type of O. tantillus has been destroyed.

Neotype a male, (1340), 3-03, Pundalu-oya, Ceylon, 1911-383, Distant Coll.; neoparatypes, two males, two females and two females on slide--same data as that male neotype; one female-same data as male neotype with additional det. label-Triphleps tantillus Motsch. All specimens in the British Museum (N. H.), London.

Other material examined:

SOLOMON ISLAND, Guadalcanal, 24. vi. 66., M. McQuinllan, 2 ~ & 1 ~_ (14788), C.I.E. Coll. No. A 1212.

INDIA, Coimbatore, xi. 1957, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, on cane inflor- escence, 3 ~ & 8 ~ (132), C.I.E. Coll. No. 15811.

QUEEnSLAnD, Jondaryan Dist., 28. i. 51, H.E.Ads, ex. Sorghum sp., 1 (2048) A.M., C.I.E. Coll. No. 17044. Irindale, 10. iv. 63, ex. White French Millet, 1 ~ (10023), T.489, C.I.E. Coll. No. 19482. Briglow Development area, Moura, 24. viii. 67, F. D. Page & L. Rigby, ex. S. Wheat, 1 ~ & 1 ~ (A.C.m, tte169, No. c4469, 11775, Dept. Pr imary Industries Qld.), C.I.E. Coll. No. A 3253, returned to sender; 1 ~ (He4, No. c4415, 11744), ex. Sorghum almum, S 26. x. 65, and 1 ~ (AC), ex. Safflower, S 15.i x. 65, other data same as above. Micronesia~ ¥ona, Guam, S. Mariana Is., fig. seen in Herring uide supra.

Specimens other than those sent back to the senders, in the British Museum (N. H.), London.

Subgenus Dimorphella Reuter

Genus DimorpheUa l~euter 18845, Monographia Anthocoridarum Helsingforsiae, p. 92. Type species, Anthocoris agilis Flor 1860, Rhynch Livl. (5) 1 : 656. Wagner, 1952, p. 25.

Orius (Dimorphella) maxidentex sp . n .

(Figs. 3 and 4) Orius indicus sensu Rajesekhara et Chatterji, 1970, A n n . ent. Soc. A m . (2) 63 : 364~367; nec. Reuter, 1885.

Similar to O. albidipennis (Reuter) in the shape of aedeagus, but differs from it by much ]onger denticulus which is equal in length to conus and flagellum.

Colour. Very similar to that of O. tantiUus (MotschulsIcy)

Measurements in mm Length of head 0.24 Width of head across eyes 0.36 Width of head between eyes 0.16 Distance between ocelli 0.14 Median length of pronotum 0.28 Maximum width of pronotum 0-64 Length of antennal segments I, II, I I I aad

IV, respectively 0-08, 0.20, 0.14 & 0.15 Total length of body 1.76

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Ident i ty of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) 415

Structure. Anterior tibiae of male with a row of peg-like teeth; aedeagus with long denticulus whose apex widened with a sinuate distal margin, flagellum long, conus comparatively short.

Holotype male (1353), adult on Eriobotryajaponica, Hangu (West Pakistan), 9. xii. 1962, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, PF.12/62-30, C.I.E. Coll. No. 19359; paratypes, two females (1351 & 1355), same data as that of holotype; one male (1350), adult on unidentified plant, Kohat (West Pakistan), 10. xii. 1962, C.I.B.C., Rawalpindi, PW.12/62-62, other data same as that of holotype; 4 males and one female on slide (1-5), feeding on thrips on grass, Mysore (India), Jan. 69, C.I.B.C. India, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 2884; one male and one female (615), Nyertete, Sudan G., 27. ii. 67, Dr. Kh. Mudather, W T R L Blue Nile A5273, Ent. coll. 30615, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 1656; seven males and six females, from cotton leaves, Coimbatore (India), 30. iii. 21, Ballard coll., Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent., Brit-Mus. 1921-472. one male (490), feeding on Eriophyes sp. on M. indica, Sialkot (Pakistan), 22. xii. 65, C.I.B.C.M.22-12, 65-2, one female (488), (other data same as male), two females (493 & 496), adult on E. japonica, Sialkot, 21. xii. 65, C.I.B.C., M.21.12.65-4A, two females (497 & 499), feeding on Eriophyes sp. oil M. indica) Lyallpur (Pakistan), 19. iv. 65, C.I.B.C.M.19.4.65-3., one female (498), feeding on Eriophyes sp. on M. indica, Lyallpur, 19. iv. 65, C.I.B.C.M.19.4.65-3, C.I.B.C. Rawalpindi, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 1006. 1 d (J9), mixed with one male of O. (D) albidepennis (Reuter) and several unidentifiable female specimens in the same tube, ex. Sorghum sp. earheads, I.A.R.I., New Delhi, ix. 1969, Dr. Jotwani, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 3549; all deposited in the British Museum (N. H.), London.

R e m a r k s : The distribution of the new species, so far known, is Sudan (West), West Pakistan (North) and India (South). Externally it resembles both O. tantillus and 0. albidipennis and also its distribution overlaps that of both the above mentioned species. A little careful examination of male genitalia, however, is sufficient to distinguish the new species from the old ones (vide figs. 2 and 4).

The writer's thanks are due to the C.I.B.C., Pakistan, the C.I.B.C., India and the Indian Agricultural FLesearch Institute, New Delhi, who supplied the material described above.

Orius (Dimorphella) latibasis sp. n.

(Figs. 5 and 6)

Similar to O. (D.) agilis (Flor), but eonus of the new species shorter and broader at base than that of the former; aedeagus also similar to that of O. (Heterorius) sibiricus Wagner, but the new species belongs to subgenus Dimorphella by virtue of the shape of its pronotum while O. (H). sibiricus to the subgenus Heterorius.

Colour. Similar in eolour to O. tantillus except for the cerium which is more prominently punetate with brown punctures and the last antennal segment which is red.

Measurements in mm Length of head 0-27 Width of head across eyes 0.39

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Width of head between eyes Distance between oeelli Median length of pronotum Maximum width of pronotum Length of antennal segments I, II, I I I and

IV respectively Total length of body

0.17 0.16 0.30 0.72

0.09, 0.20, 0.14 & 0.18 1.76

Structure. Anterior tibia of male with a row of peg-like teeth; he~d and pronotum finely punetate; aedeagus without denticulus, flagellum thin and long, conus comparatively short with a broad base.

Holotype a male (41), collected in the cage of aphids on Bitter Gourd, Bangalore (India), 10. xii. 64, C.I.B.C., India, C.I.B.C.-IS, Bodhan 53, C.I.E. Coll. 7No. A 240. Deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

Writer's thanks are due to the C.I.B.C., India, who supplied the above described specimen.

Orius conchaconus sp. n.

(Figs. 7 and 8)

This species is of uncertain subgeneric position on account of the shape of its conus. There is no denticulus present, the conus is bifurcated, the lower branch is truncate at its apex and the upper branch (as shown in the figure) somewhat resembles the opening of a conch. Pronotal collar partly enclosed, pronotal lateral margin with leaf-like expansions, angular long setae present and disc with undivided eallosities. The above combination of characters makes it impossible to decide to which subgenus proposed by Wagner (1952) the new species should belong.

Characterized by the peculiar shape of its aedeagus. Colour. Head, pronotum, last two antennal segments, euneus, femora,

rostrum, sterna, abdomen brownish black; first two antennal segments and tibiae light brown; corium and membrane very light brown.

Measurements in mm Length of head 0.23 Width of head across eyes 0.36 Width of head between eyes 0.18 Distance between ocelli 0.13 Median length of pronotum 0.24 Maximum width of pronotum 0.62 Length of antennal segments I, II, I I I and

IV respectively, 0.08, 0.23, 0.16 & 0.18 Total length of body 1.60

Structure. Head and pronotum impunctate, highly~polished; flagellum not thin; other structures as described above.

Holotype a male, (502), feeding on Eriophyes sp. (mites involved in causing Mango malformation disease) on M. indica~ Lyallpur (West Pakistan), 12. ii. 66, C.I.B.C. Pal~istan, C.I.B.C.M.12.2.66.2., C.I.E. Coll. No. A 1006. Deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

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Ident i ty of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) 417

The new species is distinguished from all other species of the genus Orius by the unique shape of its aedeagus.

The writers thanks are due to Dr. M. Abdul Ghani, Entomologist-in-Charge, C.I.B.C., Pakistan, for supplying the above described specimen.

Subgenus Heterorius Wagner

Wagner 1952, Notul. ent. 82 : 27. Type species, Cimex minutus Linnaeus, 1758, Systema naturae Edition lOth Tomus 1 : 446, no. 47.

Orius (Hetororius) bulgaconus sp. n.

(Figs. 9 and 10)

The new species is similar to Orius (Heterorius) laticollis t~euter from which it differs in the shape of its conus which is much thicker with a bulge on i t s margin towards radix; this bulge separates the new species from all other species of Heterorius. The flagellum of the new species is shorter than that of O. (H.) laticollis Reuter.

Colour. Similar to that of O. tantillus (Motsch.) except for cuneus which is concolorous with corium.

Measurements in mm Length of head 0.28 Width of head across eyes 0.40 Width of head between eyes 0.19 Distance between ocelli 0.16 Median length of pronotum 0.28 Maximum width of pronotum 0.76 Length of ante~mal segments I, II, I I I and IV, all segments missing Total length of body 1-96

Structure. Head and pronotum coarsely punctate; anterior tibiae of male with a row of peg-like teeth; aedeagus with a very thick conus, large denticuhis, and a comparatively short flagellum; conus bulging on margin near radix.

Holotype a male (656), on Jugalans regia, adult sucking on mites, Kawai, 10. vii. 62, C.I.B.C., Rawalpindi, West Pakistan, )/[.10-7-62-2A, C.I.E. Coll. No. 18504. Deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

The writer is grateful to Dr. M. A. Ghani, C.I.B.C., Rawalpindi, who supplied the specimen on which the above description is based.

Orius ( Orius) luridoides sp. n.

(Figs. 11 and 12)

The ~tew species is similar to O. luridus Wagner (1954, p. 225) somewhat in the shape of flagellum, but differs from the latter by possessing a denticulus. In the figure of O. luridus given by Wagner long angular setae of pronotum are absent, therefore the two species belong to two different subgenera.

Colour. Head, pronotum, scutellum, sterna and abdomen brownish black; first antennal segment, femora and cuneus light brown; corium, tibiae and antennal segments other than first pale brownish.

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Measurements in mm Length of head 0.28 Width of head across eyes 0-40 Width of head between eyes 0.18 Distance between ocelli O. 15 Median length of pronotum 0.32 Maximum width of pronotum 0.76 Length of antennal segments I, II, 0.09, 0.32, respectively;

I I I & IV missing. Total length of body 2.24

Structure. Head and pronotum smooth and shining with few and sparse punctures; front tibiae of male with peg-like teeth; conus with dentieulus, flagellum atypical, short and leaf-like, its apex bifurcate.

Holotype a male (1795), on Cannabis sativa, adult feeding on mites, West Pakistan, 16. xiii. 63, C.I.B.C., Rawalpindi, Pakistan, M.16.12.63-1, C.I.E. Coll. No. 19579; paratype one female, with same data as that of holotype male. Deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

The specimens on which the above description is based were supplied by Dr. M. A. Ghani, Entomologist-in-Charge, C.I.B.C., Pakistan, to whom the writer is grateful.

Orius ( Orius) bifilarus sp. n.

(Figs. 13 and 14)

The new species resembles Orius pallidicornis Renter, from which it differs by the bifurcation of its flagellum, by very deep furrow on disc of pronotum and by its femora which are not black; from O. laevigatus (Fieber) it differs by the presence of denticulus and deep furrow on pronotum; from O. australis China in a subgeneric sense by possessing long setae on pronotal angles.

Colour. Similar to that of Orius luridoides sp. n., cuneus darker; females show last antennM segment reddish in some specimens, middle of hind femora dark and hind tibiae in many specimens dark and brown.

Measurements in mm Length of head 0.28 Width of head across eyes 0.40 Width of head between eyes 0.02 Distance between ocelli 0.16 Median length of pronotum 0.32 Maximum width of pronotum 0.80 Length of antennal segments I, II, 0-09, 0-32, respectively;

I I I & IV missing Total length of body 2.08

Structure. Head and pronotum shining with few sparse punctures, body hairy; front tibiae of male with peg-like teeth; conus with denticulus, flagellum bifurcate.

Holotype a male (47), nymph feeding on mites infesting Cannabis sativa, Rawalpindi, 15. i. 63., C.I.B.C., Rawalpindi, Pakistan, M.15. i. 63-1 ; paratypes, one male (48), adult feeding on mites infesting C. sativa, i~awalpindi, 22. x. 64.,

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Identi ty of Orius tantillus ()/[otschulsky) 419

M.22. x. 64, C.I.B.C. Pakistan, one male and one female (49-50), adults from flower of Hibiscus mutabilis, Mingora, 6. xii. 63 M.6. xii. 63-64, C.I.B.C. Pakistan, all specimens so far listed under C.I.E. Coll. No. 19850; three males (1109, 1137 & 1145), adults collected with thrips on Chrysanthemum sp. and L. acutangula, Lyallpur, Wah & Rawalpindi, 35 females (1095, 1108, 1112, 1114, 1115, 1116, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1125, 1126, 1128, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1136, 1141, 1142, 1143, 1145, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1150, 1152, 1155, 1157, 1159, 1160, 1162, 1163, 1164, 1165 & 1166), on thrips on Rosa sp., Lyallpur; on thrips on Chrysanthemum sp., Lyallpur; adults with thrips, A. cepa, Lahore; adults with thrips on Eriobotrya japonica, Hassan Abdal; adults with thrips on Chrysanthemum sp., Hassan Abdal; adults with thrips on Luffa acutangulus, Hassan Abdal; adults with thrips on Hibiscus rosasinensis, Hassan Abdal; adults on E. japonica with thrips, Wah; adults with tkrips on L. acutangula, Wah; adults with thrips on E. japonica, Haripur; adults with thrips on Rosa sp., Rawalpindi; adults with thrips on Chrysanthemum sp., Rawalpindi; adults with thrips on Tecoma sp., Rawalpindi; adults with thrips on Tagetes africana, Rawalpindi; adults with thrips on Rosa indica, Taxila; adults with thrips on Lantana camara, Taxila; C.I.B.C., Pa]cistan, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 3186; one male and one female (52)F.2.(14)/63-1).534. Hemiptera. Chrysanthemum flowers Pakistan intercepted at the Plant Quarantine & _Fumigation Station, India, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 834; one male (39), feeding on Aphis gossypii on cotton, Jullunder, Punjab, India, Dec. 1964, C.I.B.C., India; all deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

The large collection from Pakistan, under C.I.E. Coll. No. A 3186, also contained male specimens of Orius niger Wolff ssp. aegyptiacus Wagner and Orius (Dimorphella) albidipennis (Reuter). While it was possible to separate females of the subgenus Dimorphella from those of the new species, other females belonging to the new species and O. niger Wolff ssp. aegyptiacus Wagner were impossible to distinguish from each other. The inclusion of female specimens in the material examined for the new species is, therefore, based on the circumstantial evidence, and is subject to correction.

The writer takes this opportunity to express his thanks to C.I.B.C. Pakistan, C.I.B.C., India and the Plant Quarantine & Fumigation Station, India, for providing the material on which the description of the new species is based.

Orius (Orius) niger Wolff ssp. aegyptiacus Wagner

(Fig. 15)

Wagner (1952, p. 33) described this species from Europe. This subspecies has been recorded from Pakistan by the present writer (J. nat. Hist. in press). During the course of this study, two male specimens of O. (O.) niger ssp. aegyptiacus from Nepal were identified as such. The aedeagus of one of them is illustrated as figure 15. This exactly agrees with the figure given by Wagner (1952, p. 32).

Material examined. One male (50), Nepal, Waeling, 2. x. 65, Dep. Ag., C.I.E. Coll. No. A 832; one male (813), Ghasa, Peach, 21.i v. 61, S. R. Wadhi, C.I.E. Coll. No. 19443; both deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

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420 M . S . K . Ghauri

Genus TETRAPHLEPS Fieber

Fieber 1860, Wien ent. Monatsch. (9) 4 : 262. Type , Anthocoris bicuspis Herr ich-Schaf fe r 1835, Nomencl. ent. 1 : 60.

Tetraphleps galchanoides sp . n.

(Pigs. 16 and 17)

The new species superficially resembles Galchana humeralis Distant (1910, p. 297), but apparently differs from the latter by the shape of its collar which is not free unlike that of the genus Galchana. From Tetraphleps abdughanii and T. raoi (Ghauri, 1965) it differs by its colouration and to some extent the shape of scent gland spout.

Colour. General body colour brownish black with fine adpressed golden pubescence. Head, antennae, rostrum, pronotum and scutellum black; eyes and ocelli brownish red; sterna and abdomen reddish black, scent gland spout red; corium brownish black with apices of clavus and cuneus and a round spot near cunial fracture black, membrane black with six ill-defined whitish spots on veins as shown in figure 16; legs brownish black with apices of coxae and femora red.

Measurements in mm of ~ and (~)

Length of head Width including eyes Width of vertex between eyes Length of antennal segments I, II, I I I and IV 0-14 (0.14),

0.25 (0.25) and 0-25 (0-25) respectively Length of pronotum Width at base Anterior margin Length of scutellum Width at base Maximum width of body Total length of body

0.36 (0.36) 0.42 (0-43) 0.21 (0.25)

0.43 (0.43),

0.43 (0.43) 1.10 (1.16) 0.50 (0.57) 0-64 (0.64) 0.80 (0.80) 1.40 (1.40) 3.64 (3.71)

Structure. Head almost as long as wide; first antennal segment slightly extending beyond apex of head; length of antennal segment II three times that of I, segment I I I and IV subequal in length, each more than one and a half times length of I. Rostrum reaching in between first coxae. Metapleural ostiolar peritreme elongate, apex free and raised, slightly constricted in middle. Hemelytra extended well beyond apex of abdomen.

Holotype male, feeding on Adelges sp. on hemlock on way to Dhombang, June, 1961, C.I.B.C. Lachung, Silckim, India, C.I.E. Coll. No. A 1305; para- types 3 males and 2 females, same data as holotype; all deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London.

The writer is grateful to C.I.B.C., India who supplied the material upon which the above description is based.

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Ident i ty of Orius tantillus (Motschulsky) 421

The following list of references is in addition to those detailed references which appeared in the text. References CAnAyoiv, J . 1961. :Results of t he L u n d U n i v e r s i t y E x p e d i t i o n in 1950-1951. t t e m i p t e r a

( t Ie te roptera) An thoeor idae . S. Af t . anita, life 8 : 550. DISTANT, W . L . 1906. The Fauna of British India. Rhynchota, 3, xxxviii + 438 pp. London .

1910. ibid., 5, x i i + 3 6 2 . GHAv~I, M. S . K . 1965. Notes on t he H e m i p t e r a f rom P a k i s t a n a n d ad jo in ing areas. Ann.

Mag. nat. Hist. (13) 4 • 675. 1972. No tes on t he H e m i p t e r a f r om P ak i s t an . J. nat. Hist. 6: 279-288.

MOTSCHU~SKY, V. de 1863. Essa i d ' u n Cata logue des insectes de File Ceylon. Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou (3) 36 : 89.

NA~_A-y~A~, E. S., and CHATTE~JI, S. M. 1952. A new species of Triphleps (Hemip te ra , I-[eteropter~ : An thocor idae ) p redac ious on s to rage pes t s in Ind ia . Prec. zool. Soc. B~ng. 5 : 163-166. 1953. On a new m a e r o p t e r o u s species o f Triphleps (Hemip te r a , I-Ieteroptera : A n t h o - coridae) predac ious on s to rage pes t s in Ind ia . ibid., 6 : 121-123.

:RETJ~n, O . M . 1884. Monographia Anthocoridarum Helsingforsiae. pp. 204. 1885. Monographia Anthocoridarum. Acta Soc. Seient. fenn. 14 : 646 pp.

STIC~EL, W. 1959. Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen der Wanzen I I Europa (Hemiptera- Heteroptera Europae) Cimicomorpha, Anthocoridae (2), Microphysidae, (2) 3 " 33.

~VAG~E~, E. 1952. Die eu ropa i schen A r t e n der G a t t u n g Orius WiT. (Hem. Her . Anthocor idae ) Notul. ent. 32 : 22-59. 1954. E ine neue Orius- Ar t aus Pales t ine . Bull. See. Fouad I Ent. 38 : 225-226.

WOLFF, J . P . 1811. Icones Cimicumfasc. 5 : v i i i + p . 1 6 7 - 2 1 4 + P l s . x v i i - - x x .

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