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The Home Needs an Operating System (and an App Store). Colin Dixon (University of Washington) October 20 th , 2010 Ratul Mahajan , Sharad Agarwal , A.J. Brush, Bongshin Lee, Stefan Saroiu , Victor Bahl (MSR Redmond). Huge amount of tech in homes. Home users struggle. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Home Needs an Operating System (and
an App Store)
Colin Dixon (University of Washington)October 20th, 2010
Ratul Mahajan, Sharad Agarwal, A.J. Brush,Bongshin Lee, Stefan Saroiu, Victor Bahl (MSR Redmond)
Huge amount of tech in homes
Home users struggle
•Management Nightmare
•Integration Hurdles
A quick example
Unlock?
Yes No
Why developers are not helping
Application
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth, Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth, Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth, Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When? How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth, Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When? How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth, Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Vendors only build islands
•Vertically integrate hardware and software
•Seldom make use of other vendors’ devices
•No single vendor comes close to providing all the devices a home needs
Climate
ControlRemote Lock
Camera-
Based Entry
Video Recording
Interoperability is not sufficient
• Media: DLNA, AirTunes, etc.• Devices: UPnP, SpeakEasy, mDNS,
etc.• Home Auto: Zwave ZigBee, X10, etc.
Monolithic systems are inextensible
• Security: ADT, Brinks, etc.• Academic: EasyLiving, House_n, etc.• Commercial: Control4, Elk M1,
Leviton, etc.
Home Media
Security
An alternative approach: A home-wide operating system
Operating System
Video Rec.
Remote
Unlock
Climate
HomeStoreHomeStore
Goals of HomeOS
•Simplify application development
•Enable innovation and device differentiation
•Simplify user management
Simplify development
…
…App A
App B
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When?
How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who
wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth,
Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When?
How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who
wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyHandle WiFi vs. 3G vs. Eth,
Subnets
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When?
How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who
wins?
DeviceHandle different brands/models
TopologyLogically centralize devices
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When?
How?
CoordinationWhen apps disagree, who
wins?
DeviceStandardize at functional layer
TopologyLogically centralize devices
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceWhat is automated? When?
How?
CoordinationAccess control mediates
conflicts
DeviceStandardize at functional layer
TopologyLogically centralize devices
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Application Logic
User PreferenceUsers’ manage access control
rules
CoordinationAccess control mediates
conflicts
DeviceStandardize at functional layer
TopologyLogically centralize devices
HardwareThe actual devices in the house
Simplify development
…
…App A
App B
Driver Driver…Port Port
…
Access Control
Mgmt
UI
Roles in HomeOS
•Roles are functional descriptions of ports▫ lightswitch, television, display, speakers, etc.▫App developers program against roles
•Enable vendors to innovate/differentiate▫Anyone can create a new role
e.g., SonyBraviaTV vs. television Allows new functionality to be rapidly
exposed▫Commodity vendors can still participate
Simplify user management
•Conducted a field study▫Modern homes with automation & other
tech▫14 homes, 31 people
•Users’ needs for access control▫Applications as security principals▫Time in access control decisions▫Confidence in their configuration
Management primitives•Datalog access control rules
▫(port, group, module, time-start, time-end, day, priority, access-mode)
▫Reliable reverse perspectives help users confidently configure access control
•User accounts▫Can be restricted by time (guests)
•Application manifests▫Specify role requirements for compatibility
testing▫Simplifies rule setup (only when roles match)
Implementation status• Built on the .NET CLR• ~15,000 lines of C#
▫ ~2,500 kernel
• 11 Applications▫ Average ~300 lines/app
• Music Follows the Lights▫ Play, pause & transfer music
where lights are on/off
• Two-factor Authentication▫ Based on spoken password
and face recognition
Open questions/Ongoing work
•Additional evaluation▫Is it easy to write apps and drivers?▫Is it easy to manage?▫Does it scale to large homes?
•Deploy & support application development
•Explore business/economic issues
Conclusion
•A home-wide OS can make home technology manageable and programmable
•HomeOS balances stakeholder desires▫Developers: abstracts four sources of
heterogeneity▫Vendors: enables innovation and differentiation▫Users: provides mgmt. primitives match mental
models
http://research.microsoft.com/homeos
