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A V 'v-^^;!'

Q

The History

Of the

Orange OrderEntered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year 1898, by Williaai

Banks, at tlit: Department of AKrIcuitura .,

Pfice « - - 25

Hi.SSA

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PUBLISHED BY

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A History of theOrange Order

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Badges, Regalia, Jewels

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Emblem PinsAtid all Society Paraphernalia

Write for particulars, stating what you want

BRO. HARRY LOVELOCK

100 Bellevue Avenue

TORONTO, ONTARIO

BY THE AUTHOR OF-

Sl]e history of tlie Orange Order

The following works are in preparation, and will be published

on an early date :

1. Story of the Reformation 25 cents

2. The Persecutions of the English Protestants.... 25 cents

3. Ireland's Roll of Martyrs 25 cents

4. "For Christ, His Crown and Covenant"—TheHistory of the Covenanters of Scotland... 25 cents

5. Rome in Canadian and United States Affairs.... 10 cents

6. Rome in British Affairs 10 cents

7. History of the Jesuits 10 cents

To be followed by other similar works.

WILLIAM BANKS, Pahlisher519 Faiiiament Street

TORONTO, CANADA

1

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The Hon. N. Clarke Wallace, Grand Master of the Orange Order for British

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being from ensnived iiltitvs, by the Litho-grapliic process; handsomely boimd in twostyles, viz.. Heavy Plate Cover Paper, printedin two coinrti, Oi'iiiik« Cold and ltlii<>, in richdesign; also faill riotli, gilt, with embossedcovers. Mailed post free.

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""' ''"•"'' ' -v,,.«wi.%% „ vi....vNrwKwwiS^,Sw«^,,?;x

The HistoryOf the

Orange OrderCopyrighted in Canada and tlie United States

^^<^\-i' ^

Prriee - - - 25 Cents

1,

PUBLISHED BY

^1^ r»airlloLment Street

^] TORONTO a

x'b i^ A s^^

FEB 1 5 iS56

'5;Ty CF •?o*^v''^'PREFACE.

-i0 4 3 35H—

It has Ions 'jeen felt that a short

history of the Orange Order would

be of great ssrvice to the members

and to all desirous of obtainin): ac-

curate infoimation of the origin of

an institution which has done such

excellent work in the cause of freedom

and which now extends to all parts

of the civilized world. The followiofj

chapters will be found to contain the

main facts in the history of the Order

up to a quite recent date. The time

will doubtless come Avhen a muchmore exhaustive work will be neces-

sary, but I send this little volumeforth in the hope that it may enable

all who read it to form a higher andgrander view of the founders and the

principles which guided them, take a

deefer interest in the Institution andso become more active and intelligent

workers in every good cause.

There are many gaps in the history

of such an organization which cannever be filled in any history becausethe pricpless records have been de-stroyed. There were days of troublefor the brave and loyal men who founrl-

ed the Order, and rather than allowthese documents and the books of thelodges to fall into the hands of perse-cutors, they were destroyed. In othercases the guardians of lodge minutesand rolls had not a very clear idea of(he value of these things and threwthem away as useless lumber. It hastherefore been necessary to trust tothe memory of old members, and inall cases the fact is mentioned so thatreaders can judge between documen-tary evidence and the stories handeddown to us verbally.

I am under a deep debt of grati-tude to the proprietor of The Senti-nel, that valuable, loyal and true Pro-testant paper, for access to its fyles,to Mr. Richard Lilhurn, of the Belfast

Weekly News, and to the splendid re-

ference boolis of the Toronto lublio

Lii)rary. one of the very best af its

kind on this side of the Atlantic.

There are many kindred facts whichcould be given in connection with theOrder's history, but I have endeavored

to confine the work to what wasdirectly connected with the formation

and history of the Order.

The favor with which the bare an-

nouncement of this publication has

been received has indviced me to ar-

range for the publication on an early

date of other Protestant books, andhas led me to consider the question

of establishing a depot in Toronto

for the sale of many works which are

now almost impossible to obtain in

Canada. I will be glad to have a post-

card from the readers of this little

work, giving their views on the sub-

ject of such new pul)lications and the

sale of works on Protestant subjects.

If such post-cards are sent to the pub-

lisher they will be attended to. I be-

lieve we read too little on these sub-

jects, and that if we study the issues

between us and Rome and thorough-

ly understand the lessons of the past as

given to us in the pages of history, wewill be more loyal than ever to our

undying principles and more out-

spoken in our patriotism, whilst at the

same time: we will aid every movementhavinf! for its objects the prevention

of Romish influence in our affairs, andthe spreading of the Gospel amongstour neighbors of that creed.

I trust the reader will accept thelittle volume in the spirit it is issued,

and be lenient in dealing with anyerrors which may inadvertently havecrept in.

• -, THE AUTHOR.

Toronto, Feb. 3, 1898.

THE HISTORY OF IHH ORAXGU ORDER.

splendid re-

fill o I ublic

liest ,)f its

AtlanLic.

facts whichon wiLli the

endeavored

what wase forni.'ition

r,

le Iiare an-

cation has

me to ar-

)n an early

books, andhe question

1 Torontoi which are

obtain in

lave a post-

this little

in the sub-

ms and the

it subjects.

to the pul)-

i to. 1 be-

these sub-

the issues

thorough-

the past as

history, wever to our

nore out-

lilst at the

movementprevention

iffairs, andI amongstd.

accept the

t is issued,

with any?ntly have

UTHOR.

INTKOI»II€TIO:V.

After the death of Oliver Crom-well, and the briel; protectorate of his

son, Charlea II. was called to the Brit-

ish throne, and from 1(160 to 108J tried

by every possible plan to destroy theProtestant and liberty-loving spirit of

the people whose rights and religious

principles he had sworn to protect.

On his death, in 1085, his son JamesII. ascended the throne and was morecruel, treacherous and wicked thaneven his father. This is not the place

for a review of all the evil deeds of

these two monarchs, both of whomwere the willing tools of the secret

Jesuit society, and as such did nothesitate or scruple to do any deedhowever monstrous which the leaders

of the Jesuits proposed. Neither is

this the place to give a history of

the glorious Revolution except in so

far as it may be necessary to makeclear what we desire to say of theorigin of the Orange Order.Patiently the people in Eng^land,

Ireland, Scotland and Wales bore thetyrannical conduct of these two n^on-archs, hoping against hope that theywould see f.he errors of their way andact up lo the constitution. The flowerof English literature, the truest of

England's Christian men and womenwere imprisoned and done to death

;

the ''• heath-clad hills and lovely dales"of Scotland were dyed with the crim' ongore of her martyred saints, and theblood of brave, true Irish ]'rot'.?st-

ants ran like water, shed by the cruelhands of her own sons who were, alas,

too willing instruments in the handsof the Jesuit priests.Finding that James II., like his

faithless father, soon broke his corona-tion oath and promises and set all

law^ at defiance, with sorrowing heartssome of England's noblest sons beganto cast about for a way of deliver-ance. Across the German ocean theylooked, where in the low lands ofHolland the people were free to wor-ship God as their conscience dictatedand where a noble prince, the nextheir in the Protestant line, to Britain'sthrone, had bravely and successfullybattled for his country. The people ofHolland had passed through a strugglefor religious liberty and the followers

of the Orange had won by the blessingof God. That victory secured perfectreligious freedom in Holland, and to

that land came the persecuted I'ro-

testants of Britain, Germany, Kranceand other countries, findinr? there arefuge under the banner of Orange,White and Blue.

All Oraiitte AnHo<-lali<»ii.

During the struggle in Holland thelovers of liberty formed an associa-tion to support the Prince of Orangeand the refugees from Britain joinedit. But tte&e refugees were, verypropel ly, not content to see KingJames II. continue his unconstitution-al and persecuting career in their l)e-

loved fatherland, and under the guid-ance of the gifted Dr. Burnett, a Scotchrefugee, and Van Dykevelt, an bqiiallyable and gifted Dutchman, an OrangeAssociation was formed and many ofthe English, Scotch and Irish Pro-testants .joined. The one object ofthe Association was to secure religiousliberty for all persons in the UnitedKingdom. The members of the Asso-ciation soon found that the surest andsafest way to ensure the success oftheir cause was to have a ProtestantSovereign on the throne, for bitter ex-perience had shown them that a RomanCatholic king violated his coronationoath as soon as he made it. Who, then,was the min to look to as the futureProtestant Sovereign of their realm?The one individual who had l)y righta claim to the throne was the brave,God-fearing William, Prince of Orange,and to him all eyes were turned. Hehad no desire to make a descent onBritain, an I would not lift a handunless invited by the people to be theirSovereign. " God and the people'srights" were ever his watchword.Many cor.sultations of the able andpatriotic men guiding the movementtook place in England and at theHague. Although the Roman Catho-lics watched closely thay were unableto secure any documents, for therewere no traitors in the ranks of thepat^-'otic party. It is known that theleaders in the Orange movement inEngland included such men as theMarquis of Halifax, the Earls ofShrewsbury, Danby, Downshire andNottingham, Lords Mordaunt andLiunley, the Bishop of London, Ad^

J

4

miral Russell and Admiral Herbert,IjroLlier oi. Liie martyred Sydney Her-bert, The vritten communications be-

tween the I'rotestants of Urilain andthe refugees at the Hague were gen-erally cari.ed in the hollow of thestout walking stick of Skipper Hawk-shaws, who commanded a trading ves-

sel running iween Dutch and Eng-lish ports. was known as theOrange Skipper.

All IllVllHliOII.

Early in ll«8 the lixitish organiza-tion beat Admiral Ku.s.sel I to the Hagueto consult with the refugees anl tofind out if the i'rince of Orange waswilling lo become sovereign of Jin-tain and Ireland. On his return witha satisfactory report gatherings ofthe patriots tuoK: place at variousout-of-the-way localities, but some of

the meetings actually touk place inLondon. A central gathering of thetrusted leaders was held and longand anxious were the deliberations, andthen on September 30th, 10S8, thesegatherings closed, after deciding toinvite William, Prince of Orange, toaccept the throne.The invitation to the Prince of

Orange to accept the British throne,the right to which had been forfeitedby the treacherous and cruel con-duct of James II., was signed amongstotners by the Earls of Shrewsbury,Danby and Devonshire, Lord Lamley,the Bishop of London, Dr. SydneyHerbert and Admiral Russell. Lore*Shrewsbury and Admiral Russell wentto the Hague and presented the mem-orial to the Prince.

On g':ii«:iiMii s»ii.

As this is not a history of the glori-ous Revolution, it is only necessaryto say that William, Prince of Orange,accepted the Invitation of the peopleof the United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Ireland to deliver themfrom their Popish oppressors, andthat on November 5th, 1G88, thePrince and his followers landed at Tor-bay on the English Channel, and werewelcomed by the people as their de-liverer. All the men who had beenexpelled from Britain for their Pro-testantism accompanied the Prince,and the next day after landing, themarch to Exeter began, and in asense that was the first great Orangeprocp-ssion. The famous declaration ofthe Prince was everywhere in circu-lation anfl the one point they allunderstood was that the people's lib-

erties and the Protestant religionwould be maintained and defended. OnNovember Mh, the Prince, now prac-

j

tically King, reached Exeter and nextday attraded service in the cathedral.He also attended service on Sunday,Noveml>er 11th, and the services werepatriotic and I'rctestant. Seldom hasthere baen bo august an assemblyof Orangemen in a sacred edifice asthat in Exeter Cathedral on that his-toric 11th of November, 1(588. Al-though that was not the first serviceof the Orange Order as we know it

to-day, yet few will be disposed todispute the fact that the great ox-ample of Protestants and patriotsuniting in defence of liberty was setby the men who organized the"(jlorious Revolution" and who thank-ed God for their success and prayedfor the Divine blessinfjj on their fu-ture efforts ill Exeter Cathedral morethan two hundred years ago.

All Kilt{iiK<>lll('li<.

On November 12th Sir Edward Sey-mour, an able politician and truepatriot, suggested to Dr. Burnett theadvisal)ility of having an organizationbound together in a formal manner tosupport the cause they had espoused,and the idea was considered so valu-able that it was acted upon at once.The following was drawn up and in-scribed on parchment, the capital let-ters are somewhat quaint phraseology,being characteristic of the literatureof that day :

—

AnEngagcruent

of theNobles, Knights and Gentlemen ofExeter to assist the Prince of Orangein the defence of the ProtestantReligion.

We do engage to Almighty God andto his Highness the Prince of Orangeand with one another to stick firm tothis cause and to one another in de-fence of it until our Religion, Lawsand Lilierties are so far secured tous in a Free Parliament, that we shallno more be in danger of falling underPopery and Slavery. And whereas.We are engaged in the common causeunder the Protection of the Prince ofOrange by which means his personmay be exposed to Danger and to thedesperate and cursed Designs of Pap-ists and other Bloody men ; We do,therefore, solemnly engage to God andto one another that if any such at-tempts be made upon him, we willpursue not only those that madethem, but all their Adherents and allwe find in arms against us with theutmost Severity of just Revenge intheir Ruin and Destruction, and thatthe executing any such Attempts

!

5

(wliich God of His Infinite Mercyforljid) shall not deprive us from pur-suing the Cause which we do nowundenaiie, but that it shall encourageUa to carry it on with all the Vigourthai so barbourous approach shall

deserve,'

This engagement was signed bymany of the best and ablest men of

the day and has often been quotedas the declaration of principles of thefii'st Orange lodge. In one sense it

was the declaration of principles of

Orangemen, for that was the namegiven to all supporters of Williamin those days and for many years after.

In sojue publications another de-claration said to have been drawn upliy br. liurneLt is given as the genuinedocument, but the papers referred to

as deposited in the Tower and theExeter Engagement clearly show thatthe alleged Burnett declaration is notgenuine.The Orangemen of those days were

tireless workers and fearless advocatesof their cause. Ten days after sign-ing the Exeter engagement LordDanby with one hundred horse rodeinto the City of York, which wasgarrisoned by soldiers and militia, whoproposed to hold it for King James.The gallant Orangemen, with drawnsabres, and shouting "iNo Popery,' "AFree Parliament," and "The Protes-tant Religion," terrified the traitor-ous King's guards and so capturedYork for King William. These menhad no hesitation in raising the cryof "No Poi;ery." They knew ^ he evil

it had wrought to their country andwere determined to do their I.est toput an end to Popish supremacy.When, however, William was safely

seated on the throne the associationsformed for his aid naturally fell intodormancy. In lOi/'G they were revivedowing to the dastardly conspiracy ofthe Romanists to murder the King.A declaration was drawn up by theHouse of Commons and another bythe House of Lords and signed bythe members of each Ibody, Theprinciples of the original associationswere embodied in the declarations andthe House of Commons asked the Kingto lodge the documents relating tothese associations for safety in theTower of London, and this His Majestydid. The House of Commons passed aresolution declaring that "Whosoevershould by word or writing affirm thatthe Association was illegal should lie

deemed a promoter of the late KingJames and an enemy to the laws andliberties of the Kingdom,"

The Irish Parliament met on June27th, ll)j(i, and the principal businessof the session was the passing of adeclaration like that adopted by theEnglish Parliament, the only mem-ber who refused to sign being xVir.

Robert Saunderson, M.P. for CountyCavan.

All OruiiKe Loilgc.

The Exeter Engagement was every-where accupteJ. in i^ngiand and tocot-

liuui, and King William was Siovereignof these two countries, whilst braveand true men were battling lor hiscause in Ireland. Mow, the Asjocia-tion formed at Exeter was open toall, had no secrecy aoout it, and roseand fell as the personal safety c f tneKing seemed to demand, it was thusin no seinse the Orange Order as weknow it to-day, Lut nevertheless therewere direct and continuous links oe-tween it and the existing Order. Now,however, we turn to an organizationwhich can claim to have been L^rotea-

lant, patriotic, and secret, and whichhas aL any rate a claim to be con-sidered the first of its kind, 'ind thiswas formed amongst the soldiers whofrom 1G80 .to 1G88 were encamped onHounslow Heath ready for the defenceof James II. Students of history willknow that James gave an order, onthe solicitation of his Popish advisers,to destroy a pamphlet which detail-ed how the Protestants of Francewere being persecuted. This ordergave cause for grave anxiety to thelovers of liberty, for it showed thatthe British and French Kings werein accord in opposition to Protes-tantism. This anxi ^ty was increasedby the establishment of several Romishorders in London, and the celebrationof mass in the tent of Lord Dum-barton, second in command of theHounslow garrison. The excitementwas intensified by the circulationearly in 1G88 of a pamphlet whichearnestly appealed to the soldiers andothers not to ally themselves withthe bloodthirsty and idolatrous RomanCatholics. In the end a secret so-ciety was formed, many officers of theHounslow Heath garrison taking theinitiative. The documentary evidenceof the formation of this secret asso-ciation of Protestants, mostly, if notentirely composed of soldiers, is simplyoverwhelming. The action of thesesoldiers was, of course, condemned bythe partizans of James, but he hadviolated in every particular his cor-onation oath, and thus freed soldiersand civilians alike from all future al-legiance to him. The defence of the

I^'aP5?^'S'*t?®^!^^

6

Constitution of the United Kingdomsof Great Britain and Ireland and themaintenance of the I'rctestant re-

ligion were the objects of the secret

association, which sprung from thesoldiers of Hounslow Heath. Theywere perfectly justified on everyground, and so too were the heroes of

the Diamond, as we shall see later

on.

Two 4;i-f'at Aullioi*lli<>s.

Now here it may he well to give

the two greatest authorities we canquote for the confirmation of the fact

that Orange lodges of a secret char-acter did exist in 1088, if not beforethat year, tn a revised edition of theRules and Regulations of the OrangeSociety of Great Britain and Ireland,printed in Dublin in 1810, the follow-

ing is by authority of the GrandLodge published with the revised edi-

tion :

—" To obviate and confute the

calumnies which have been circulatedconcerning the Orange Institution, it

will only be necessary to state briefly

the principles on which it rests andthe circumstances out of which it

grew.'"" The enlarged Institution was copied

from one which since the Revolutionexisted in the 4th Foot regiment,raised by King William, into whichOrange lodge (in times when attach-ment to the Whig principles of theRevolution ivhich seated the House of

Brunswick on the throne was neitherrepresented as bigotry nor as theabandonment of the cause of civil

liberty) several princes of the Houseof Hanover have not thought it he-

neath them to be initiated, we believethe King vi as, we know the Prince ofWales and Prince Frederick - nowDuke of York—were made Orange-men."'This Institution, nearly constituted

as at p~>isent, dates, therefore, fromthe Revolution, and was kept up insmall numbers, there being but fewlodges till the French Revolution, andits train of attendant horrors Imrstupon the world during the early partof which a most atrocious conspiracywai formed, both in this country andin Ei.gland, to overthrow the consti-tution and Government, under whichthe Empire had attained an unexampledstate of prosperity and opulence. Toresist and defeat such dangerous de-signs is the obvious duty of every goodsubject, and this laudable determina-tion gave extension to the OrangeInstitution."These words were written by Mr.

John Gifford who was Deputy GrandMaster at the time, and held the im-

portant position of High Sheriff of theCity of Dublin. Here, then, we havethe authority of the Supreme Govern-ment of the Order for the claim ofcontinuity of the Orange Institution,and it. is further confirmed by state-ments madein i8i;3 l,y the Duke of Cum-berland, Grand Master of the OrangeOrder in England, at a time, too, whenvicious attacks were being made onthe organization.

It is not yt course, pretended thatthe lodf^e established at Hounslow, orthe other military lodges els where,used the same ritual and formula asthe lodge established alter the Battleof the Diamond. There are necessarilyvarieties in some ol these rituals, foran order w hich extends over all theworld must have certain traits due tothe needs of each country in Avhich it

is at work.We could fill a volume with records

showing hoi/ the Orange hxlges spreadin the army and how the uniforms ofseveral regiments were made to suitthe feelings of the officers and men,but it is time to turn to Ireland, andtrace raore closely the events whichled to the formation there of theOrange lodge which is inseparablyassociated vt ith the Diamond, and whichmany hold to be the parent lodge,which no doubt in a sense it is, forfrom the blood-red field of the Dia-mond comes the order as we generallyknow it, although of course we alsoknow that the men of Ireland veryfrankly acknowledged the originalOrange lodge of the 4th Foot .as theParent Lodge, which it undoubtedlywas.

Ill li'claiMl.

The triumphant march of the Princeof Orange through England and hisloyal acceptance hy the people ofScotland as their lawful sovereignadded fuel to the flames of hatredwith which the Roman Catholics ofIreland endeavored to consume theirProtestant fellow-citizens. RichardTall;ot, created Earl of Tyrconnell,was James' deputy, and as soon ashe heard of the Orange landing atTorbay he made an appeal for thirtythousand more troops, and historyshows that these were the very dregsof the country, men who many of themdeserved hanging and all the re-mainder imprisonment. They were,however, the fit tools of Tyrconnell,for he had driven all Prtoestants troraoffice, filled their places with thecreatures of his choice, seized DublinUniversity buildings, turned the lec-ture halls into offices and apartmentsand made the cellars prison holes for

i!

7

unoffending J'rotestants. Ths storyQl; Llie indignities and persecutionsl<.'ri;et,raled on llie peat'^iul people ofIreland by Tyrconnell and nis minionswould fill volumes. Tnose were in-

deed dark days for liberty m the"Green Isle."

it became known that on the [>th

of lecembdr, 1(J8J, the Kcman tai holiesproposed to massacre all 1. rotestantsand this added to the terrors of theday. The terrible stoiy reached theeai-::< OJ. Lord Mount Alexander, whofound on inquiry that the rumorwas well founded. He did not hesitatea moment. It was clear that unitedaction was necessary to save the livesof many thousands of innocent rntn,women and children. Well did manyof the older people recollect the ter-rible massacres of l(i41, and it wasdreadful to think of their repetition.Munster and. Ulster were roused, butWie work and cost of organising fell

on I he lattsr, for Munster was less

prepared. At this time, too, the gal-lant sons of Derry and Enniskillenbegan to rouse themselves and sj gavegreat encouragement to the Protestantparty. The preparations made by theProtestants cowed the Tyrconnellcut-throats and the dreaded day passedover without much trouble. The menof Ulster, however, did not cease thework of organization and prepara-tion for eventualities, and in themeantime the Presbyterians and someothers sent addresses of fealty to KingWilliam. So far had the organizationof the Protestants proceeded that inJanuary, ICSO', the first conventionwas held at Mount Alexander. Therehave been many Irish conventionssince, but probably never one froughtwith so much importance and so fullof danger to those who attended, forevery man would have been butcheredhad Tyrconnell been in a position todo so. At this convention the AntrimOrange Association was formed, withHugh, first Lord Mount Alexander, andClotworthy Sheffington, Eso.. were ap-pointed the commanders of the Asso-ciation. The following address ordeclaration was issued to the people

:

^Vliat Aiiti-liM S:ilil.

"It being notoriously known not onlyto the Protestant inhabitants of thenorthern counties, but to thosethroughout the whole Kingdom ofIreland, that the peace and quiet ofthis nation is in great _and imminentdanger, and that it is absolutely ne-cessary for all Protestants to agreewithin their several counties uponsome speedy and effectual method for

their own defence and for securing asmuch as in them lies the Protestantreligion, their lives, liberties andproperites and the peace of this king-dom, which are so much endeavoredto be disturbed by Popish and illegalcounsellors anu their abettors. Andinasmuch as union and dispatch arenecessary for affectixig the same, we,the nobility and gentry of Antrim(!o assojiate together, firmly resolv-ing to adhere to the laws ot the king-dom and the Protestant religion, andto act in subordination to the Gov-ernment of England, and the promo-tion of a free Parliament ; and we dodesire if we be forced to take uparms, as it be contrary to our in-clination, so it shall only be on thedefensive, not in the least to invadethe lives, liberties or estates of anyof our fellow-subjects, no, not of theI'opish persuasion whilst they demeanthemselves peaceably with us."The reasons which induce us to put

ourselves in some posture of defenceare so obvious and urgent upon uswhen we consider of the great leviesmade daily of Popish soldiers, and atthis time especially when the Kingis retired, and then arming can inno wise be serviceable to His Majesty'sinterests, it were consistent withcommon prudence not to suspect theirdesigns to be such as will tend, if

not to the destruction; yet to the greatendangering of the lives, liberties andproperties of the Protestant subjectsof this Kingdom if not prevented.And we do declare, though at presentwe will admit none but Protestantsinto our Association, yet we wiil toour power protect Papists from vio-lence whilst their behaviour amongstus is peaceable and quiet. And wedoubt not but all good Protestants in

this Kingdom will in their severalstations join with us in the samepublic defence and that God will blessthese, our just, innocent and necessaryundertakings, for our lives, laws andreligion."And whereas it will be necessary

for the successful and more effectualcarrying on these mutual endeavoursfor the preservation of our religionand properties, and to avoid confusionsand destructions which in su'^h casesmay otherwise happen to appoint someeminent person or persons to whosieconduct we ma^ entirely submit our-selves in this undertaking."We do, therefore, by these presents

elecl and appoint the Right Hon. Hugh,Earl of Mount Alexander and the Hon.Clotworthy Sheffini^ton, Esq., or eitherof them .lointly or severally as they

8

shall think fit, to be our commanderor commanders in-chief of all the forces

in the County of Antrim, an I do herebyoblige ourselves to serve under their

or either of their commands in suchmanner, place and station as they or

one of them in their discretion andjudgment shall direct. And that wewill from time to time obey all suchorders and methods for the better carry-ing on this enterprise and procuriiig

of horse and foot and such numbersof men, arms and ammunition as ourCounty Council of five shall think fit,

and that with all expedition imme-diately to be arranged and formedinto troops and companies and to be

disposed of from time to time accord-

ing to their or either of their orders,

they or one of them acting with theadvice and consent of the said CountyCouncil of five, or the major partthereof."

This declaration was signed by

Masserene, William Franklin, ArthurUpton, Robert Adair, William Lesley,

Charles Stuart, Edward Harrison,

John Donelson, William Cunningham,William Shaw, James McCartney, Pat-rick Shaw, William Shaw, Harry Mc-Cullogh, John Guest, George Bott-

Tell, George Johnston, Henry Clem-ents, Richard Dobb, jr., WilliamShaw, Michael Harrison, Jauies Shaw.The County Down men chose Lord

Mount Alexander as their chief also.

The Down Association was added to

Antrim, and the union is often re-

ferred to to as the North East Asso-ciation.

The organization of other countieswas now vigorously begun. LordBlaney roused Armagh and Monaghan,whilst the notorious Lundy was asso-

ciated with Major Gustavus Hamiltonin organizing Derry, Donegal and Ty-rone. We would like very much todwell on the work of organizing thesecounties and to show how the Associa-tion leaders armed their followers,placed them in positions to be readyfor all emergencies; but here we mustdeal only with facts pertinent to theOrange Order. Suffice to say thatbraver men never took up arms, andthat with their bravery several of theleaders combined the necessary quali-fications! of generals, and knew how toconduct a campaign. Lundy's treach-ery from the very first worked somemischief, because he was not thensuspected, but in Lord Kingston, whoorganized Sligo, Lundy found a manwho formed his own opinion and hadthe courage to carry them out.

Hllgo oil Itccoi'd.

The men of Sligo when organizedmade the following declaration thebond for their Association :

—

We, the Protestants of the Countyof Siigo, at present assembled for ourcommon safety, do hereby declare theoccasion and motives of our Associa-tion and what is intended by it.

1. We resolve to adhere to the lawof the land and the Protestant reli-

gion.2. We shall, as we ought, unite our-

selves accordingly with England andhold to the lawful government there-of and a free Parliament.

3. We declare that our taking tip

arms is only offensive, and not in theleast to invade the lives, lilierties orestates of our fellow-subjects, whetherRoman Catholics or others, whilstthey demean themselves in peaceablemanner to us.

4. Our reasons for this doing are sourgent that we could no longer withpiudfncf- forljear putting ourselves insoma necessary position of defence, forthe Reman ' holies arming in suchvast numbers oughout all the king-dom do give us just apprehension ofill-designs in them, they pretendingthe King's commission for what theydo; whereas we are assured that theKing has commanded all Roman Catho-lics to lay down their arms, which Aveconceive should as well extend to Ire-land as to England, and, therefore, wedoubt not that the leaders of the Irisharmy do act from their own heads up-on designs of their own, which wemay .justly fear will be prejudicial tothe lives, liberties and properties ofthe Protestant subjects of the king-dom, if not prevented.

Lastlj', we declare that as we willassault uone that molest not us, so wewill to our power protect all fromviolence, even Roman Catholics them-selves, while they behave themselvespeaceably and neighborly amongst us,though we will admit none but Pro-testants into our Association until wewe have ascertained from the lawfulauthority and Government in Englandwhat further orders we are to obey.And we doubt not but that all goodProtestants in this kingdom will,

where they are able, join with us inthe same public defence, and that Godwill bless this so just, innocent andnecessary undertaking for our lives,

laws and religion.And, whereas, it will be necessary

for the more effectual and successfulcarrying on of these mutual endeavorsfor the preservation of our laws, reli-

gion and country, and the security of

9

our lives and properties and to avoidconfusions and distractions, which in

such cases might otherwise happen, to

appoint some eminent person or per-

sons to whose conduct we may entirelysubmit ourselves in this our under-taking.The remaining clauses of the Sligo

declaration appointed Lord Kingstonand the Hon. Chidley Cote as .loint

commanders and pledged the Associationto raise men and arms for the defe-^ice

of their liberties.

It may be well to mention here thatthe first Ulster convention was atHillsborough, where all the county as-

sociations were represented, and atthat convention the plan of county andprovincial lodges was put in actualpractice, although of course the Or-ange Association of to-day has mademany necessary changes and improve-ments in the representative lK>dies

compared with that famous Hills-

borough convention.When traitor Lundy ordered Lord

Kingston to leave Sligo he latter re-

fused until the Council sided withLundy, and then Lord Kingston reluct-antly returned to Ball} hannon, and atthe passes of the Erne iie did splendidwork. Some of the Sligo men wentto Coleraine, but the "hero parson,"the Rev. George Walker, with the regi-ment he had raised, marched to gallantDerry.

Tli4> HIiik'm MrHsnite.

On January 10th, 1G89, Cap't. Leightonleft Ireland as the representative of theloyalists and proceeded to London,where he laid the position of affairsin Ireland, before the Sovereign. Hewas; graciously received by King Wil-liam, and started back on February10th with the following gracious mes-sage :

—

"Having received an account fromCapt. Leighton of what he was inter-ested to represent to us in relationto the condition of the Protestants ofIreland, we have directed him toassure you in our name how sensiblywe are affected with the hazards youare exposed to by the illegal powerthe Papists have of late usurped inthat Kingdom, and that we are re-solved to employ the most speedy andeffectual means in our power in res-cuing you from the oppressions andterrors you lie under, that in themeantime we do well approve of theendeavor we understand you are usingto put yourselves into a position ofdefence, that you may not be sur-prised wherein you may expect all theencouragement and assistance that canbe given you from hence. And be-

cause we are persuaded that there areeven of the Romish Communion manywho are desirous to live peaceably anddo not approve of the violent and ar-bitrary proceedings of some who pre-tend to be in authority, and we think-ing it just to make distinctions of per-sons according to their behaviour anddeserts, do hereby authorize you topromise in your name to all su^ch whoshall demean themselves peaceably andinoffensively our protection from suchpains and forfeitures which those onlyshall incur who are the maintainors andabettors of said illegal authority as-sumed and continued contrary to law;or who shall act anything to the preju-dice of the Protestant interest, or thedisturbance of the public peace in thatKingdom. And for further particu-lars we refer you to the report youshall receive from Capt. Leighton, whohath acquitted himself with fidelityand deligence in your concerns, of oUrintentions toward you. And so we re-comm.^-nd you to the protection of Al-mighty G'od.

"Given at the St. James', the 10thday of February, 1C89.

"WILLIAM H. ORANGE."WILLIAM JEPHSON."

"To the Earl of Mount Alexander,to be communicated to the Protestantgentry and nobility in the North ofIreland.'

As the first Parliament of Englandunder William met on January 22nd,1689, ii will l)e seen that the aboveletter was written with the consentof the King's advisers and expressedthe opinion of the English people.From the declarations of the Antrim

and Sligo associations and the aboveletter, it is made clear that the fullestguarantees of safety and of religiousliberty were offered to Roman (yatho-lics, on the one condition, of livingat peace with their fellow-citizetls ofthe Protestant faith. This conditionwas openly rejected by the Romanistsalmost everywhere, and in places whereaccepted they frequently violated theirpledges, and the moment they thoughtthey could do so with safety, they at-tacked, plundered and even killed theloyalists.

On the 9th, 10th and 11th of March,1689, William, Prince of Orange, andhis wife Mary, were proclaimed Sov-ereigns of Ireland. The ceremony tookplace at Enniskillen on March llth,and from that date until the Battleof the Boyne the gallant Enniskillenershad one continuous fight for theirlitevties. It was in those dark andtroublous days that the value of the sec-ret associations was fully recognized. If

10

J

this secret organization had not ex-ititecl the Protestants would have beenat the mercy o£ any Romish spy whosimply said he was a Protestant andcame among them for traitorous pur-poses. The password for a time wasOXFORD. It was used in this wisa:Amember of the Assoc", xtion wishing totest a stranjrer would say, "Did youhappen to see a stray OX to-day ?"

Anyone not a member would of courseanswer yes or no as the case mightlye, but a member would reply, "I sawone down at the FORD."In addition to the general password,

which was changed as required, therewere local passwords, the most popularl^eing Danby's shout as he rode into^ork, "No Popery."

It was to this cry of "No Popery"that the heroes of Enniskillen lUshedinto action at Newtonliutler, androuted to enthusiasm by the shout theywon a glorious victory. No wonderthat even to-day Enniskillen men,whilsi honoring the memory of theBoyne, and many other Protestant an-niversaries still hold the 12th of Aug-ust to be to them as to their ancestorsthe greatest anniversary of all.

Jsiiiicfii III IrvlaiKl.

The arrival at Kinsale of the traitor

King James, with 2,200 soldiers, reus-

ed Tyrconnell and his vagabond armyto renewed atrocities on Protestantsand increased armaments among loyal-

ists. In connection with the royalusurpers' visit to Dul)lin it may bewell here to mention the Aldermen of

Skinner's Alley, as an association of

loyalists in that city was called. Somehave claimed for this old and peculiarassociation the honor of the parentlodge of the Orange Order, but theclaim is not well founded. It is nowestablished beyond doubt that this

Skinner's Alley Association was formedby the loyal Aldermen who were drivenfrom office by Tyrconnell. They metin a room in Skinner's Alley, havingsome of the regalia of their office, andat their meetings they used the namesand titles of the Aldermen. This or-ganization flourished for many years,

and was probably, for the longer partof its career, a social affair for morethan it was secret and political, andin any case it was not as we have al-

ready shown the parent Orange lodge

;

that honor belonging without doubtto the secret society formed amongstthe officers of the 4th Foot, as it layencamped on Hounslow Heath.The Irish Romanists now having at

their head the traitor to his coronationoath, the creature of the wily Jesuits,

they dubbed him Kii nr again, and had

even a Parlistment called in Dublin.It would be an interesting task to dwellhere on the story of the Protestantfight against their Roman Catholic per-secutors, to repeat the ever new .story

of the Seige and Relief of Derry, theBattle of the Boyne and other stirringevents of that period. That grandstory, however, properly belongs to thehistorj of Protestantism, and our busi-ness is to tell the story of the OrangeOrder.

TIm> 4;iiteN of Oorry.

Tyrconnell ordered Londonderry tobe occupied by McDonnell, the RomanCatholic Earl of Antrim, who had avile rabble under him. The men ofDerry were however warned in timeof this intention and were soon ready.Early in December an anonymous letteraddressed to Lord Mount Alexander,was found on the street of Comber, andon the 7th of December a copy of it

reached Derry. It read as follows

:

3rd December, 1C88.

"Good My Lord:"I have written to you to let you

know that all our Irish men throughIreland are sworn that on the i)th dayof this month they are all to fall orto Kill and Murder Man, Wife andChild, and I desire your Lordship totake care of yourself and all othersthat are judged by our men to beheads, for whosoever of 'em can kill

any of you they are to have a captain'splace. So my desire to your Honor is

to look to yourself and give otherNoblemen warning and go not outneither night nor day without a goodguard with you, and let no Irish mancome near you whatever he be. Sothis is all from Him who was yourFather's Friend and is your Friend,and will be tho' I dare not be knownap. yet for fear of my life."

The superscription was simply "Tomy Lord, this deliver with haste andcare."Copies of the letter or similar warn-

ings reached other Protestants, and it

IS doubtless true that these warningswere from Roman Catholics who hadpreviously been treated kindly by Pro-testants. The Earl of Antrim's menwere rapidly nearing the city and con-sultations were being held continuouslyasi to whether they should be admittedor not. The Presbyterian Minister ofGlendermot, the Rev. James Gordon,was opposed to their admission, l)ut

Bishop Hopkins counselled submission.In the meantime the Redshanks, as theywere called, had advanced within sixtyyards of the gate when nine youngmen, shortly afterwards joined by fourothers, proceeded on their own re-

MMHMH

11

sponsibility to close the gates. Theirnames will live in history as long aswise and heroic deeds are honored andliberty loved. These nine young heroeswere Henry Campsie, William U rook-shanks, Rol}ert Sherrard, Daniel Sher-rard, Robert Morison, Alexander Cun-ningham and Samuel Hunt. The fourother young men who promptly .joined

them were James Sykes, John Cunning-ham, Samual Harvey and WilliamCairns. These thirteen Apprentice Boyshad grown tired of the wearisomediscussion between parties and theydecided to act- a noble part. Theyclosed the gates of Derry on the 7thof Teceraber, 1CS8, qld style.

Tliii Traitor LniHly,

Yey 1 Derry gates were closed by.

the decisive action of brave youngmen, and one of them, Campsie, wasshot shortly after by an enemy's bulletso close were they to the walls. Un-fortunately all the traitors were notoutside the gates, and now Lundy be-gan his treacherous work. The heroicdefenders, however, were again andagain saved by what may be properlycalled even miraculous means. Lundy'scounsels were shown to be wrong, bythe most marvellous escapes ; messen-gers eluded the lines of the beseigersand brought important messages to thebeleagured people. In one case a merechild was the messenger. Lundy foundthat he was foiled at every step, andat last sneaked out of the city at thedead of night and went over to theRomish Camp.

'I'lie INiHHWord.

The value of the secret organizationwas once more put to the test andproved itself invaluable. It had beenarranged by the Rev. Dr. Walker, ofLondonderry, and the Rev. Mr. Hamil-ton, of Enniskillen, that no mes-sages should pass between Lon-donderry and Enniskillen except bymen who knew the secret passwordand token. These two knew that thecommon enemy would endeavor tospread false news in both places, anda passage of Scripture was selectedas the test for all who came toeither place. It enabled the garri-son at each place to keep each otherinformed on the progress of thestruggle, as well as to defeat the ob-ject of the Romanists in spreading falsenews.The selection of Scripture was the

14th verse of the third chapter ofExodus, and the words "I am thatI am ... I am hath sent meunto you."Question.—"Are you a messenger

from Enniskillen?" (or Londonderry asthe case might be.)

Answer.—"I am.''*Quite sure you come from Mr.

Hamilton?' (or Dr. Walker.)"That I am.'"What other words do you bring?'The messenger, turning a little aside

and placing his left hand on Ins fore-head, replied, "I am that hath sentme unto you.'The recognition being thus com-

pleted, the message brought was ac-cepted.Another sign of recognition, for

which good authority exists, wasthe word "Orange" used as follows:"Are you for Derry OR Ennis-

killen?'"Are you AN enemy or a friend t©

ask me such a question ?"

"GE (pronounced almost like "go")on man, 1 meant no offence.'The words in capitals were em-

phasized somewhat and so completedthe test.

DellvrrniK'e Coiiics.

The brave men and women of Derryheld the town for one hundred andfive days. They were proof againsta treacherous gang, led by a j)rinceof traitors; they defied even Camine,preferring to die the death of heroesto sacrificing their liberties. Whenthe Romish horde brought to thecity walls the women and childrenthey had captured and threatened totorture and kill, unless the town sur-rendered, the heroes of Derry flinchednot, but prepared to retaliate by exe-cuting all the prisoners they held,and this ' old act cowed the Roman-ists and f '^.d the lives of the womenand phi'. And now deliverancewas at hand, for on the 3Gth of Julythe Mountjoy, of Derry, and the Phoe-nix, of Coleraine, two vessels loadedwith provisions, came gallantly sailingon the booms which were broken, andthus was food brought to the starv-ing, heroic people. Deliverance hadcome, and the story of the uncomuer-ed Maiden City will go echoing downthe ages and forever be an encourage-ment to those who are engaged mthe conflict for right.On the night of July 31st, IPgf), the

seige was raised and James, with histwenty thousand baffled and dispiritedtjoops, went on to Strabane, plunder-ing and thieving as they went.

I>iik(> Sriioiiihors.

On August 14th, 1689, Duke Schom-berg, landed at Groomsport, near Ban-gor. County Down, with 10,000 men.and speedily Belfast, Carrickfergus and

12

other places were joyfully welcomingthe liberators, whilst the Romanistarmy Avas mustering in Dublin andthe vicinity. The winter months werefull of anxiety owing to a serious

outbreak of disease among the loyal-

ist troops, but notwithstanding this

there were many brave deeds done in

relieving I'rotestants, and in this

work the Inniskillingers as usual

greatly distinguished themselves.

James was nominally king of Ireland,

but William was preparing to visit

the island and secure his own. TheQueen was made Regent, and the Sov-

ereign set out oto his task of liberat-

ing Ireland. By this time the Kingand Queen had, by their Christian

lives and wise rule, endeared them-selves to the English people and there

were many who tried to dissuade himfrom going to the front in the Irish

campaign. His answer was that of a

brave man: "I will go on with mywork or perish in it." ;•

At llie lloyiie.

On Saturday, June Wh, 16&0, KingWilliam landed at Carrickfergus about4 o'clock in the afternoon, and wasgiven a great reception. He at once

proceeded to Belfast, and there he waswelcomed by the heroic Rev. GeorgeWalker and other clergymen with the

tjoops and citizens who had gatheredto the place, for Belfast itself wasthen only a small town with but three

or four hundred houses. The Royalparty attended divine service on Sun-day, and four days after he went ontowards the valley of the Boyne. AtLoughbrickland he began getting his

army in order, and his stay in this

neighborhood is yet the theme of manya lo a! story and legend. But all these

we must pass over, as in fact we mustmany other incidents n i losely ger-

mane to our story of the Orange Order.Soon the two forces, that of Williamnumbering 36,000 men, and the armyof James fully 46,000, with 20,000 morein various places near to. The Roti-ish hosts held what has been alwaysconsidered an almost impregnableposition. To the right was the townof Drogheda, held in force by theRomanists, to the left an impassablebog, and in front the dangerous fordsof the Coyne. The foes of freedom hada brief spell of joy, for when Wil-liam was wounded as he rode amonghis men. Dublin and Paris shoutedwith delight, when it was told thatthe Protestant King was dead. Itseemed, however, as if the belief of hisfollowers was true, that no ball of theenemy could kill the Liberator. On

the last day of June, old style, a coun-cil of war was held, and William an-nounced his determination to forcethe passage of the lio^ne. Many ofhis generals urged delay, in the faceof the superior numbers and strongposition of the enemy, but the King'schoiw. had been made, and .so at 4

a.m., on July 1st, old style, the armieswere in motion, and early in the daythe fighting was general. Both sidesdisplayed great bravery and endur-ance. In a critical moment the Dukeof Schomberg, pointing his sword to-wards the enemy, said, "There, men,are your persecutors." 'And onwardwent the Orange forces till victorycrowned them, although their gallantcommander, Duke Schomberg, fell

•mortally wounded, and on that evermemorable battlefield the Rev. Geo.Walker, the hero of Derry, was mor-tally wounded, as were many othersof the bravest men Ireland has everseen. From the victory of the BoyneKing William pressed on to Dublin,where he attended divine service in

St. Patrick's Cathedral on July 6th,old style.

Other VlrlorlOH.

From Dublin, William pressd on toWaterford, which was occupied, andto Limerick, which was beseiged, butnot then taken, and after he had ar-ranged for the government of Irelandin a manner calculated to secure thelives, liberties and properties of thepeople, he returned to London on Sep-tember 4th, 1690. It is not necessaryto enter into the details of work doneduring the autumn and winter by theofficials William left in charge, suf-fice it to say that the work of consoli-dating the government, routing wan-dering bands of rebels, and an unsuc-cessful attempt to capture Athlonekept the army fairly busy, and wasalso of value to the Protestant militiaraised in various places and employedmostly on garrison duty. The anni-versary of William's birth, November4th, and the Gunpowder Plot, Novem-ber 5th, were both celebrated in

Dublin and elsewhere with great en-thu8' sm )iy the Orangemen, as theloy ts at that time were called.Abo L January 16th, 169»1, the perse-cuting traitor Tyrconnell returned to

Ireland from France, to which coun-try he fled after the Romanist de-feat at the Boyne. In the summerof the same year the loyalists suc-ceeded in capturing all the strong-holds of the Romanists. Athlone wastaken on July 1st, old style. St. Ruth,the commander of the followers of

13

James, with a stroag force encampedat Aughrmi Castle, a place ever mem-orable in Orange history, and lymgabout three miles from Ballinasloe.

On Sunday, July 12th, after a I oi -^ t c

speech to his troops by St. Ruth, de-

sultory fighting began and continueduntil 5 p.m., when, although contem-plating a postponement of the gen-eral engagement, the loyalists, led byGeneral Ginckle, suddenly decided on aforward movement, and after a desper-ate struggle they gained a great vic-

tory, t-'t. Ruth, with thousands of his

followers, being killed. Flushed withvictory, General Ginckle went on to

Limerick, which, after a stubbornresistance, surrendered on the 3rd of

October, leftl. These three greatvictories in so short a time practicallycompleted the conquest of Ireland for

King William.Htrarty TrogreHH.

One is almost tempted to linger overthe few years of comparative quietwhich followed and dream, as it were,of the great and brave men who tookpart in the struggles which ended in

the final triumph of the cause of civil

and religious liber.t(y and ensured for

Britain the inestimable blessing ofProtestant sovereigns.

It should not be imagined, how-ever, that all the foes of freedom werethose who took the field against KingWilliam. They were braver than thehidden and treacherous enemies of

liberty, who met in darkness andplanned murder and other secret meansof thwarting the champions of free-dom. There were many secret con-spiracies formed by the Jesuits, andattempts on William's life were of

more frequent occurrence than theordinary historian cares to admit. Weknow now that he had secret and im-placable foes who strove to take hislife again and again, but who wereprovidentially baffled. The men ofKent were roused by one of those das-tardly attempts and broke out in wildenthusiasm over its defeat. Bonfireswere lighted and bells were rung, andto this incident we owe the "KentishFire."In spite of all this, great progress

was made in Britain, the famous Bill

of Rights was passed, and in Irelandthe Orange spirit was everywherespreading, for had not its principlesbeen bought by the blood of its bestand truest members.

The MliiHiow ol l»eatli.

And now the shadow of death hov-ers over the royal residence. Theman of iron will, of giant intellect, of

gentle Christian piety, the wise states-man, the able general and the un-flinching lover of liberty was dying,and that, too, like the true Christianhe was. On Sunday night, March 8th,1702, between the hours of seven andeight o'clock, and in the 52nd yearof his age, William died. His loyal,loving Queen, Mary, had died of small-pox on the 21st of December, 169»t.

The closing of William's earthlycareer but added to the venerationin which the principles he representedwere held by his followers, and theyaccepted as a sacred trust the task ofmaintaining these principles at allcost. And here it is that we beginto see the first sign of the OrangeOrder as we know it to-day.

The OraiiKe Tree.We have ill heard the old-fashioned

song beginning

:

Sons of Hibernia attend to my songOf a tree called the Orange, its

beauteous and strong

;

'Twas planted by William—immortalis he.

May all Orange brethren live loyaland free.

The story we have been telling sofar has been but a brief outline otthe life and labors of William, Princeof Orange, King of the United King-doms of England, Scotland and Ire-land, and who, by his wisdom and hispatriotism, laid the solid foundationof the civil and religious liberty weenjoy in all parts of the Empire. Andyet in the early years of his life,

and even for some time after, it lookedas if he was never to see the fulfilmentof the longings and desires of thosewho loved God and sought the rightto worship Him as they believed Hisspirit and precious Bible directs.Yet, when he was but seven yearsof age, his mother and grandmotherhad the fullest confidence in his fu-ture, and they had a medal struck onone side of which were the words,"William III., by the Grace of God,Prince of Orange and Count of Nassau,"and on the reverse side, "Though theOrange Tree be fallen down, thi'=^ noblesprig has been preserved by Divinecare in the bosom of Mary (his mother).Thus the father arises after his deathlike a phoenix in his son. May he grow,may he flourish, and in virtue excelthe greatest prince, in the glory andsafety of his country." History showsus how abundantly fulfilled was thisprayer.

Protefitniit 8o«letleH.

In Ireland, we shall show as thishistory proceeds, the Protestants were

i!*

14.

i

li

not allowed to forget the blessings

conferred on them by William's vic-

tories, for ever and anon the Roman-ists would threaten rebellion, at-

tack isolated Protestants whereverthey dare and destroy the property of

the loyalists. No wonder if thoughtsof united action constantly filled their

minds, and they would have been in-

grates, indeed, if they had not reveredthe memory of the Prince of Orange.That theiy did not forget the liberator

isi abundantly proved, for we knowthat in Dublin, at the Boyne, in Kn-niskillen and elsewhere, William'sbirthday, November 4th, and the an-niversary of the Boyne, were regularlycelebrated. There were processions of

the military and civilians, and whengradually the military were with-drawn from these gatherings,

^the

people continued the demonstrations.There were processions, church ser-

vices and banquets as the committeesin charge decided. The initiative in

many of the demonstrations was takenby the associations of Protestants andloyalists known as the Derry, En-niskillen, Boyne and Aughrim associa-

tions. In Dublin there was the RoyalSociety, afterwards known as the RoyalBoyne Society, commonly called Or-angemen, and a higher order formed,presumably out of the former andcalled the Knights of the Most Glori-

ous Order of the Boj'-ne. It is gener-ally believed that this Order was es-

tablished early in the last century,

but so secretly was it carried on thatin 1880 Sir James Tennent, at onetimeM.P. for Belfast, was unable to secureparticulars about it through "Notesand Queries," that fountain of infor-

mation. There are two paint'^d panelsin existence yet representing theKnights of the Order. It had secret

signs and passwords and only Protes-tants born of Protestant parents could

be members. Early in this centurya Boyne Club met at Tandragee, to

which the late Major Stewart Blackerwas taken at times by his uncle. Aslate as sixty years ago a Boyne Clubmet in Drogheda, and the membershipof this club was confined to thosewho could trace their descent trommen who fought under King Williamat the Boyne. And in fact the rem-nants of the Boyne Society weremerged into the present Orange Orderabout the year 1850 or shortly before,

thus completing the link of the Orderof to-day with the past. Other Pro-testant orders formed about the timethe Boyne Society was called into exist-

ence were also absorbed by theOrange Society, among them being the

Constitutional Club of Gentlemen ofthe County of Kerry, County of MayoClub, the Aughrim Club, and others.Several of these clubs met in theTholed, in Skinner's Alley, and herethey banquetted General Ginckle, theconqueror of Athlone, Aughrim andLimerick.

Iiinllaiit BniMloii.

We have hitherto said but little

of K'llhint Bandon, called the IJerryof the South. The town sient a splen-did contingent to aid W^illiam, and thisbody of brave men was allied to theLondonderry regiment and did splen-did service at the Boyne and after-wards. When the news of the victoryof the Boyne reached Bandon therewas great rejoicings, but the climaxin the jubilation was when the parishclerk of Kilbrogan, as the story goes,immediately after the First Lesson atthe Sunday morning service rose andsaid, "Let us sing to the praise andglory of William a Psalm." It was ofhis own composing, the first versebeing as follows:"William is come home, come home,William home is come.

And now let us in his praiseSing a Te Deum,'The sentiment was loyal at any rate.

Now as all students of history knowBandon suffered much before the ad-vent of WMIliam, their Romanistneighbors plundered and harrassedthem on every possible opportunityand murdered men and women whenable to do so. No wonder then thatBandon welcomed the advent of Wil-liam and kept him in "loving memory."Asswiations on strictly Protost.nntlines were formed. In 1777 a Boynecorps was raised which commemoratedth^ Relief of Derry, the birthday ofWilliam and the Battle of the Boyne.The citizens used to have a gatheringand sham fight on July 12th just like

that held at Scarva in our own day.In 17»3 Col. Bernard raised the Pan-don Loyal Legion of three companiesor sections called respectively theBoyne, Union and True Blues. Thisaegion with other organized andtrained men of the town and neighbor-hood continued to take part in theBoyne celebrations until 1809, whenCol. Auriel,, the inspection officer,

refused to muster the mien on the 1st

of July, old style, for the usual Boynedemonstration. The legion was calledtogether five days later, when everyman appeared with an orange lily mthe button-hole of his coat. Col.

Auriel lectured the men on the evils

of political partisanshLip and ordered

I

15

Tipanies5ly the

Thisand

larhbor-in thewhen

officer,

the 1st

Boynei called

1 everylily in

t. "Col.

le evils

ordered

them to remove the Orange emblemor lay down their arms. ii.very manof the Boyne and True lilues; com-panies laid down their arms, and so <lid

more than three-fourths of UnionCompany. Col. Auriel reported to theGovernment that the legion was com-posed of Oraagemen who refused tu

serve under any but Oiange olficera.

The men issued the following declara-tion. "Incapable of fear but fullvcapable of loyal love we openly de-clare our sentiments as Protestantsand Orangemen, that we will faith-

fully support and defend his Majesty,King George III., his crown and dig-nity, the laws and Constitution ofthese Kingdoms as delivered to us byour Glorious Deliverer, King WilliamIII., of immortal memory, and wefurther declare that we will notserve as yeomen under any officers

who are either afraid or ashamed to

wear an orange lily on our grandfestival at the head of our true-hearted columns."The brave men of Bandon v/ere de-

termined . to have those they couldtrust at their head. They did not,

however, give up their organizationbut kept it up until like the othersthey were gradually merged in theOrange Society.

Tlie Y»liiiile<^r.s.

Here we desire to pay a tribute to

the Volunteers of the eighteenth cen-tury, a force organized under Gov-ernment sanction for home defence introublous times. The Volunteers wereI'rotestants and meetiing together incompanijes for the defeu:;e of a commoncause, nothing was more natural thanthat they should organize for the pur-pose of spreading the principles of

civil and religious liberty amongst thepeople and to keep out of their ranksmen who detested these principles andwould betray the Volunteers them-selves and help the usurper James.The Volunteers did some excellentservice when the French invasion ofIreland was attempted, and some ofthe soldiers of that country actuallylanded. They were also useful dur-ing some troubles in Ulster duringthe last quarter of the eighteenthcentury. These were the days of theOak Boys, and the Boys of Steel, twoephemeral organizations called intoexistence by local grievances fromwhich the Ulster Protestants suffered,

and the days also of the Levellers orWhiteboys, a Roman Catholic orderwhose chief object seemed to be theterrorizing of Protestajits. The Vol-unteers took a very active part in

the agitation for the establishment offree trade between England and Ire-land.

Ill Itoiiiile !!irollaiul.

We must now turn and see how theJ'rotestant organizations of Englandand Scotland progressed after theOrange organizations formed to aidthe cause oj; King William had virtu-ally ceased to exist.

In Scotland the lioman Catholic ad-herents of the deposed Stuart dynastyhad stirred up trouble in Ido and in1/4."), when the country was for a timealmost entirely at the mercy of thefollowers of "Bionnie Prince Charlie.'The Roman Catholics tried hard tofix the blame for the massacre ofGlencoa on William, but thw strictestand most impartial investigationshowed that he was in no way respons-ible for that deed, which Withoutdoubt caused a feeling of anger inmany parts of the civilized worldagainst the perpetrators.Recently discovered papers show

that in Scotland clubs were formedfor the maintenance of the J'rotestantreligion and these clubs bridged thetime from the Boyne to the Diamond,thus linking Scotland indissolubly withthe Orange Order. A few years agoa document w^as found in the archivesof that old and worthy Scotch familythe Agnews, which make it plainthat a secret association Avas formedafter the open Orange Association hadceased to exist. The document is acertificate of membership in the OldRevolution Club, the following beinga copy: "Compeared Sir Andrew Ag-new and humbly desired to he admitt-ed to be a member of the Old Revo-lution Club, and having declared thegrateful sense he has of the deliver-ance of the Kingdom from Poperyand slavery by King William andQueen Mary of glorious and immortalmemory, and of the further securityof our I'eliigion by the settlement ofthe Crown upon the illustrious Houseof Hanover. We do admit the sameSir Andrew Agnew a member of thesaid club in testimony whereof thesepresents are signed by our clerk, andour seal is appended thereto." Thiscertificate is dated 1717, The seal hasa buff and blue ribbon, with themottoes "at length the good causetriumphs," and "with mind and hand.'"This club existed until after theOrange Order was formed in Scotland.

Ill Merrle KiikIhimI.

Having thus linked Scotland to theOrange Order, let us see how theEnglish links from the days of the

1

17

ct added1 iJussedmtenary1 lion.anr attacku«d, but1 and hei IKjriod.

scarcelyful cele-

8, whenplace

entationdate be-["ho riotsagainst

d organ-i of In-d them,ed as a

8 luagis-( proces-vere nothistory

rrendor.vas heldagainst

.er someof the

uy Fer-lat, Godurch on;he pro-jllowingurely ain 1G88sermonbe veryo listenOS3 the>r's de-ittendedal, andcurate,flcatftd

ssjd offary andof the'Pren-

is, sur-vatchedn if he.s play-to the

horitieaor, wasle Citycheers

lookers,de Gov-renticerrested,d with-being

taken, and thus the Governir of the'PrenLiiH', lioys kept his wcird andnaaininiued the riglit of the loyalcitizens of Lku'ry to ceiebiato theanaivorsarit'S of the grealast days in

the city's history.

Soiii«> Ollirr Mo«-l<'li(>«i.

In 1813 Lhero were HOvei\il acti/o an I

flourLahing 'i'renLice Loys' clubs in

Dubiin, and earlier there flourishedfor a time the society known as theAncient and Most IJenevolent (Jrderof th« Friendly Brothers, which after-wards became the more nu.de in andmost unfriendly brotherhood Irelandhas e/cr known. Of course ulu'se menhave never been allied with I'rotest-

ants for tlwj past hundr<Ml and twentyyears or over, and though our enemieshave tried tu charge the crimes of

these men, and of other orders whichat one time had a few misguided Pro-testants in their ranks a{j:ainst Orange-men, history shows emphatically that noalliance, open or secret, ever existedor in fact could exist between theever loyal organized Protestants andthe disloyal factions we refer to.

This statement is true even of asso-ciations formed of Protestants at first,

but which afterwards der-ayed andwere revived by l^oraan Catholics withthe STm« name as the ori,!3:inal T'rntest-

ant association had borne. There wereRight Hoys another nam > for Wliite-hoys, in the South of Ireland, andPeep O' Diy Boys in the \orth. Theselatter were sometimes called Brea'c O'

Day Boys becaus'^- they committed out-rages just about the hour the daybegan to dawn.

Tlie norniilors.

We Avi'l now turn to one of the vilest

organizations ever known in Irish his-

tory. It was called the Defenders.Its first appearance is given by Mus-grave as 1781, by Froude as 1787, whilsta constitution found on one of theleaders called Sharkey said it wasformed at Louth in 178^. However,we know that on July -Ith. 1784, tv,o

Protestants foughi; at Markethill,Armagh, and that a Roman Ctholicand his son helped one of them, andthe defeated man vowed vengeance.The fight was renewed a few weekslater and the Roman Catholics againhelped their friend, and he won. Outof this arose factions each of whichcalled itself a fleet. These "fleets'drifted into the Peep O' Day Boysand Pefenders. It was arranged thaton Whit Monday, 1785, a fight shouldtake place near Markethill, but Mr.Richardson, the member for Armagh,with some other friends, came on the

scene and stopped the scrimmage.Later events showed that the iJe-femh'rs Lo.)lc an oiLli to l>-^ true tothe United States of Ireland andFrance. They further tojk this obli-gation, "Every loyal Prote.stant here-tic 1 shall murder, and this I doswear." Peaceable citizens were at-tacked, and aliout August a Masoniclodge, 483, at Aughnac(dy, passed aresolution protesting against the law-lessness ex'.sting owing to the actionof the Defenders, and pledging them-selves to aid the authorities in main-taining order.

HliltfH iiiMl IrlMli 4iiil»N.

In 1788 Whig clubs were formed onsound cr nstitutional lines, but gradu-ally drifted into disloyal organizations.In October, 171>1, the first s jciety

of United Irishmen was formed andthis same year several demonstrationsin honor of the French revolution wereheld under the auspices of the.se dis-loyal societies. Irish Jacobn societiesappeared in ITDS, and it will be evidentfrom what we have written that thecountry was in a very disturbi'd state.On July 12th, 1701, the Protestantsmet a superior body of Roman Cath-olics at Lisnagacd, and althcugh theRomanists were very strongly postedthey were totally route! with .seriousloss. On October 25th, 1793, the Rev.Richmond Butler was shot dead nearhis own house by the Defenders, hisonly offence being a sincere attemptto si'>p the t' rribl'j series oC oiitrafxesgoing in all over Armagh, Antrimand other Ulster counties.

Tlie Itmiisr Roys.

On June 24, 1794, James Wilson, aGodly well-to-do farmer of Dian, avillage of Couifty Down, attended hisMasonic lodge. On that day there hadbeen a funeral of one of the Defenders,and as was usual with them the menwho wiere at the funeral got drunkand began to insult and abuse theProtestants. Mr. Wilson urged hisbrethren of the Masonic order to aidin the protection of the oppressedProtestants, but they refused, whenhe turned on them and shouted "I willlight a star in Dian which will eclipseyou for ever."Some enemies of the Orange Order

have tried to make out that Wilson,"Bauldra" Wilson, as he was calledby his neighbors and friends as a tokenof homely friendly regard, was not aFreemason in good standing, but thatslander is refuted by the fact thathe was at the lodge ireetings, before,on and after the d?' i here named,took part in the proc^jedings and tliere

18

II

Lh not a Vim in i\w roa^nU or any-

thing «'.lw lo Hii|'P'>«"t' Uio slMn.li'r.

H« wont liomo to Di.in, an 1 with tlio

ttiil of isaa Jo-f and.lohn an;i AhrahamDill, l)rotht',rs, he fonne-d tho parent

OranK<'. Hoys SocU'ly, an I a iilth' later

oi«m<Ml Lodso No. 2 at Derryscolioi).

The Hoi'ii'ly spreiul and it was in ^'cod

worklns? order at the time the Orange

Order, as we have it to-day, was found-

ed, and for a good many years there-

after, and th<«re are men and womenBtLU living Avho cnn trace their descent

to the founders of the Orange Boys

Society.

\earliiK llie lllaiiioiMl.

In this narrative we have necessarily

had lo hring tlie .story of certain events

up to a comparalively recent date, andthen go hack again and pick up other

threads, so as to connect the whole.

We havei shown how tlie very force of

circumstances drove the Protestants

into organization, and we have seen

how in England, Scotland, and Ireland

the aims of all the Protestant organi-

zations were the defence of the civil

and religious liherties of the people.

Whenever division or apathy overtookthe Protestants of those days, perse-

cution followed quickly, and they

were again forced into union for their

mutual protection. Now we haveshown how, in the troul)lous days of

1770 and on to the time we have .lust

been writing al)out, Ireland wrs face

to face with a gang of desjyerate con-spirators who desired to throw off

British rule, and in their bitter hatredof Pro'3stants, scrupled at nothing,not; even murder. One of the blackestdeeds of this lilack and hideous timewas the Forkhill butchery, in CountyArmagh, committed, as the recordstates, on the Friday before Febru-ary 1st, 1791, and which may l)e saidto have led to the battle of the Dia-mond.

Tlie narcla.v lliitrliery.

Ai: the place named lived AlexanderBarcboy, a teacher, his wife, and arelative from a distance, a boy aboutthirteen years of age. The familywere peaceful, inoffensive people, andthe only complaint Roman Catholicshad against them was that they wereProtestants. The 1)utchers who com-mitted the black crime said they hadno other charge against the Barclays.On the night in question a number ofmen secured admission to the Barclayhome on the pretence that they werefriends. Once they entered, they b'e-

gan their fiendish work. The humantigers cut out Mr. Barclay's tongue,cut off the fingers and thumb of his

righi hand and I eat him with dubs.Thej <'ul off (he fingers and thiiiul) ofhi.s wife's hand and terribly a msi-dher. They concluded (heir hellishW(trk liy cutting out the boy's tongueand cutting th<' c:ilves of his legs off.

He lived and was aide to give evidenceagainst some of tlu>, gang v bo w»>rocajiturcd. This ami other terrilile

ileeds made the Protestants joiri (orsome sort of defence. They werenightly exi^ecting a repetition of the(errors of 1(111, the year when thou-sands of inoffensive Protestant men,women and <'hildren were butchered in

the most cruel and repulsive manner.We said these deeds drove I'rotestinisto organize in their own defence, iind

we have also told how associations wererevived, and how "Bauldra" Wilson or-

ganized the "Orange Hoys." In this

way we have brought our story upto the end o' the summer of 17;)5. In

September the Ilom;in Catholics hadgrown so overlearing that murderstalked In broad daylight and life be-

came a burden to the Protestants.Several small skirmishes harl takenplace between t he Protestants and t heDefenders, and in the locality nowknown as the Diamond a crisis Masrapidly approaching.

The IMiiiiioiMl.

In former years the Diamond was ahamlet, iu the f)arish of Oneiland West,Armagh, of thirteen or fourteen houses,the tenants of five of the houses beingnamed Winter. It took its name fromthe fact that four roads converge in

the place, namely, those leading toLoughgall. Portadown, Vern^r's I'ridgeand llichhill. It was then as prosper-ous a district as the times would al-

low, but the Protestants being an in-

dustrious people, made the most oftheir opportunities. Now there areonly two houses in the place, but thereare several comfortable and substan-tia! farmhouses close to. Loughgallhad a charter to hold two fairs, one onAscension Day and the other on St.

Bartholomevv^'s Day. Afterwards per-mission was granted to hold fairs in

January, May, July, September andDecember. At these fairs the Roman-ists sought frequent quarrels with theProtestants of the districts, the lat-

ter suffering much at the hands of thedrunken rabble which came at fair

times to the district, and the people of

the Diamond suffered with the others.The Diamond was originally in theLordship of Newry for civil and ec-

clesiastical purposes, and being part ofthe lands of a Cisterian abbey, paid notithes. It was next in the parish ofKilmore, but for the past thirty years

'

villi cluhs.1 tliiiiiiU of>ly a iii.scd

ir lii'llish

y'x tdii^ueis It'K-i off.

'ti evidencev)u> were

:^terrihle

join forhoy wereon of thehen th(Mi-l.ant men,tcliered ine uiiuincr.

roLcst inisfence, andt ions nereWilson or-' In thisstory up1795. Inlollcs )i;id

murderd life lie-

"otestanta..d takens and thelity nowcrisis was

nd was aind West,en houses,Lses l)eing

ime fromiverge in

uling tor's I'ridfre

prosper-vould al-

g an in-

nuyst oflere are)ut theresubstan-oughgalls, one on

on St.

irds per-fairs in

ler andRoman-

ivith thethe lat-

Is of theat fair

)eople of! others.in theand ec-

part ofpaid norish of

;y years

19

or so it has hcen in the Arolidioceso

of Armagh. A numi er of its iieoplo

were liUt to death by that butcliur of

Rome, the notorious Dougherty, in 1(141

in the massacre of Loughgail. This is

a lirief .siiet<!h of the scene of a l)attlo,

tb« fame of which will live till timeshall he no more.

"i"or liide a wee, and you shall see,

'J he Diamond will be trumps again."

TlM> l»a.v or Kalllo.

On heptemlier 18th, 1795, word wasbrought to the Protestants that theUefenders, whose origin and objects wehave previously pointed out, weremustering at Annamore gravel pits for

an attacic on the iieacelul, loyal citi-

zens of the district. The officer in

command at that time was I'rieat

Quigley, a notorious hater of theliriti^h. The Protestants quickly ral-

lied the same day at the hill of Orana-gill. The Defenders came in regularmilitary style from ail the surround-ing di.stri.;t:!i, carrying green flags. Oneflag had a while ground with sham-rock gjeen 1 order. In the centre of

this flag was a female figure repre-senting a presiding goddess with asiring of beads in her hand. The m-scription underneath read as follows:"leliver us from heretic dogs, andthen we will i)e free." There wereseveral little fights before nightfallon the 18th, and a Defender namedMcCann was killed in Teague Town-land. On the 19th the Defenders wereenilioldened by the arrival of more sup-orlers, but the same day Mr. JamesVerner, of Churchill, also arrived,h'lving with him a small body of NorthMayo militia from Dungannon. Nego-tiations for peace were opened andin Sled part of two days. The nego-tiationi= were in Mr. Atkinson's house,one of the leaders of the Protestants.There were present Archdall Cope,RoVert Camden Cope, — . Hardy, Coun-sellor Archdall, and three priests, Tag-gart, Traynor, and McFarland. Dur-ing the negotiations word was broughtthat the Defenders were violating thetruce and firing into the houses ofProtebtants. Mr. Atkinson gave ordersthat only in cases of urgent necessityfor self-defence were the Protestantsto use their weapons. The proposal wasmade that the Protestants p'^'^uld dis-

arm, but they, of course, ^ 1 thatthe disturbers of their peace and theinvaders of their peaceful districtshould first disarm, but to this thepriests would not consent, and in themeantime word had come that a largebody of men were on their way to

reinforce the Defen;lers. Mr. Verner,with his small body of militia, wentaway to intercept them and only par-tially succeeded.

TlM> I Inn I Ittillh'.

During the night of the 20th, theDefenders took up a position on Kaug-hart hill, the place from which theysaid they would fight and defeat theProtestants. On the morning of the21st it became known that the De-fenders had made a change in theircommanding officers for reasons notquite clear. Capt. McGarry, of White-cross, was put in command, with Capt.Donnolly, known as the "Switcher," ashis deputy. Quigley had charge of agood sized brass gun, almost a cannon.It was the kind of gun used in largershij) boats. It is not known whetherQuigley was paciffed, for his deposi-tion from the chief command, by be-ing i)Ut in charge of the gun. It is,

however, known that the Defenders hadbrought carts and other conveyanceswith them, for the purpose of carryingoif the property of the Protestantsthey proposed to plunder. It is alsoknown that a quarrel arose amongstthem about the ownership of the Ver-ner mansion, at Churchill, for theymade sure of victory, and of owningthe whole country side. The quarrel-ling was evidently ended very earlyin the morning of Monday, the 21stof September, for at 5 a.m. they madea furious attack on Dan Winter's house,partially destroying it, ate the foodthey found, and, of course, drank all

the liquor. The fight then becamegeneral, and at one time; the advant-ages seemed to be with the Defenders,but the Protestants rallied splendidly,although they only numbered barely200 to the 1,200 Defenders, and in theafternoon the men who had come onthe scene boasting of what they wereto do were running from the field, ahelpless, defeated rabble, leaving pro-bably thirty dead on thei scene of theconflict, whilst no Pntestants wereslain.

As illustrating how the feeling^ ofparties ran, it is told, how young Wm.Blacker, who afterwards became Col.Blacker, hearing of the mustering ofthe Defenders, took into hig confidencean apprentice lad named McCann, whowas employed on the additions beingmade to the mansion at CarrickBlacker. The two youths got some ofthe lead being used for the roof andmade bullets, which they took withthem and used at the Diamond.

•*i

u'

'!

20

T(i«« *l«lor)s' l*r«'<l((t'.

Blaiue us not when all was o'er,

And we look on the^ dead around us,

If then and forever an oath we sworeTo be f unJ a> that day bad found us,

Stern and steadfast and linked as one,

On God and ourselves relying,

Seeking quarrel or feud with none.

But all on our hearths defying.

^Vhen the enemy had fled and the

wounaed on both sides had been at-

tended to, the victors assembled on the

green in front of, or as some say at

the side of Uan Winter's house, andthere and theu thanked God for the

deliverance, and pledged themselves to

unite from that day forward for their

mutual defence and succor. They im-mediately proceeded to Loughgall, andin the evening of the day of their

victory 'bey met in James Sloan's

hotel, ana formed the first Orangelodge of the Order as we possess it

to-day.

Historic LoiisliKitli"

Loughgall well deserved the honorof this famous meeting. It was herethat oOO Protestants were driven into

the church in November, 1641, and after

being almost starved for four daysmore than 100 of them were butcheredby a Roman Catholic mob, led l)y thenotorious Dougherty, The remainderwere stripped naked and driven into thecountry, many of them being killed

by their persecutors. There are manyfamilies still in and near Loughgallwho are descendants of those whofoughl at the Diamond, and whoforu-el the first Orange lolges. Thegable of the old church, the scene of

the Dougherty massacre, .still stands,and every inch of the ground roundthe whole district is sacred to thelovers of civil and religious lil)erty.

Mr. James Sloan, in whose housethe conquerors met, was an intelligentwell-to-do man, and highly respectedby all who knew him. It has been saidthat the house where the ever mem-orable gathering to >k place was pulleddown, but this is not so. The houseof "Little Jimmy" Sloan was pulleddown, but the inn kept by_ the JamesSloan of Orange fame remains. It wasleft by James to his son George, who,in turn, left it to his son James, andthe latter sold it about thirty j'ears

ago to Mr. Jackson. Lodges met regu-larly in the place until the GrandLodge of Ireland forbade meetings injmblic houses. The sign-board, at thetime of the purchase by Mr. Jackson,was a picture of King William onhorseback.The fronf door opened into a hallway,

which ended in a small room over-look-ing the garden. Many a man was in-

itiated into the .secrets of the Orderin that liack garden. At the first

meeting, the night of victory, therewere present, as we shall see present-ly, the men who took the early war-rants for lodges, and many other stoutProtestants.

Tliv Fii-Hl Uiiri-aiit.

Deeply interesting would a full re-

uon of the discussions over organiza-tion have been, and we are sure theyall admired the manner in which theOrange Boys, under "Bauldra" Wilson,of Dian, kept tof^ether and foughtduring the day. Doubtless Wilson,Sloan, Winters an I other brave lellows,had much to say, l)ut finally agreed on(he form of organization.

IJes>ides those whose names are men-tioned in warrants there were manyothers present at Sloan's, and took partin forming the early lodges. Amongthose were Simon, John and SampsonPrescott, and Samuel Milligan of Cran-na-Gael, Henry Sinnamond, WilliamCrockett, John Templeton, and his twosons.

But here we should mention thatat the first meeting at Loughgall, thelink l;etween the military lodges andthe new order was completed by thej;resence of Col. Sheldrake, an oldOrange, and rumor says, a BritanniaSociety man. At a later meetingCai)t. Cramp, a similar old militarylodge man and Protestant societyman was present, and l)oth gave veryvaluable aid to the organizers.

treasurer was Mv. JohnDerry Crew, and ;;: rand-John Pre.ston, on^^ of ikd-distinguished citizens of

at one time ]\'ayor.

Belfa.st

The first

I'reston. of

father of Sirfast's mostwhich city he wasHe gave evidence before theRiots Commission and nover hesitatedto declare his Orange principles. Thejoint secretaries at the meeting woreMessrs. Henry Spencer, of Causnagh,near Loughgall, and Bernard Lamb,of Druminis, near Hamiltonsbawn.The authority to organize lodges was

given under a written order or vv'ar-

rant signed by Jam<^s Sloan, and short,indeed, were these same warrants.They were written on small pieces of

paper, apparently scraps gathered to-

gether from Sloan's store. Col. Black-er showed the Orange commission a

warrant which read as follows: "No.Eighty-nine, Tinakeel, July 7th, 1798.

James Sloan. To be renewed in thename of Daniel Bulla, Portadown Dis-trict."

I

21

3ver-Iook-11 was in-

he Orderthe first

ry, there' present-irly war-her stout

. full re-

organiza-3ure they^hich the" Wilson,d fouglit; Wilson,e fellows,igreed on

are men-jre manytook partAmong

Sampsonof Cran-Wiliiam

i his two

;ion thatigall, thedges andd by thean old

Britanniameetingmilitarysociety

ave veryrs.

Ir. JohnI triand--^ of B(i\-

izens of

e ^'ayor.I^elfast

hesitatedles. The(no: wereuisnagh,d Lamb,bawn.dges wasor war-ed short,I'arrants.

pieces of

lered to-il. Biack-lission a

vs: "No.h, 179S.

in the)wn Dis-

The copy of a later warrant is sup-plied by the late Mr. Edward Kogers.It reads as follows:

—

"One hundred and seventeen,"Armagh, August 14lh, 17%,

"James Sloan.'

Thi.' Btory gcfcs that alter it v»a3

decided to issue warrants, the Diamondmen a> nt out to get pen, ink, ;ind

paper, ad in their absence .sLv. Wil-son, of Dian, came in and asked for awarrant. Sloan told him the Diamondmen had gone for writing maLeiial,when Wilson said the first warrantshould not be written with man-madematerials, and he got a twig from ahysop tree, with which Mr. Sloanmade out the warrant. When the iJia-

mond men returned and found theNo. 1 warrant issued, they refused for

a time to take a warrant at all, butfinally accepted No. 118.

The truth of the matter probablyis that the Orange Boys who had donesuch splendid work and had an or-ganization were turned into \o. 1 lodgeof the Orange Order, ana that themen of the Diamond, generous andbrave as they ahvays were, allowedthose from a distance, and the impa-tient ones, to have warrants as iiuick-ly as Sloan could make them, whilstthey themselves waited until the rushwas over.

TiM> l/ii«-k.y <hM>s.

ThoKe early warrants were issued asfollows :

—

No. 1, to James Wilson, of Dian,founder of the Orange Boys Society.No. 2. to Thomas Sinclair, a substan-

tial farmer and capable public manof rerryscollop. County Armaprh.No. 3, to a Mr. Bartley, tailor, of

Derryaughill. a hamlet between Moyand Blackwater. It is said that ongetting the warrant, Mr. Bartleyswam the flooded Blackwater in hisanxiety to reach home quickly withthe precious document. The lodgethen founded is still working.No. 4, to Mr. Lockhart, of Knockna-

cloy, Tyrone, and hLs descendants arestill in the district. The lodge is nowat Benburb, in the sam,e county.No. 5, was given to Robin Irwin, of

Kinego, County Armagh.No. 6 \\Teflit to Killilea, but the name

of the holder of the first warrant can-not now be discovered.No. 7 went to the redoubtable

Thomas Lecky. of Breagh, in CountyArmagh. He fought valiantly at theDiamond, and it is a legend of thetimes that he arrived just as No. 7warrant was being prepared, and witha flourish of his great blackthorn,

declared he would have that numberor know the reason why. No one dis-puted his claim.No. 8 was secured by Richard Robin-

son, of Tinakeel.No. i> went to Pcrtadown, and is also

still alive.No. 10 went to a Mr. Templeton,

and the number is still in the Dorta-down district. It was this Mr. Tem-pleton who gave the Purple Degree.

No. 28 went to Jemmy Sloan, ofLoughgall, and, although it has hadmany ups and downs, it is still work-ing.No. 33 went to a spot near the Dia-

mond—Grange O'Neiland—Mr. GeorgeInnis being the fortunate holder ofthe document.No. 40 is alive, and works still in

Portadown district.No. 85 was given to one of the joint

secretaries at Sloan's, Henry Spencer,of Causnagh, near Loughgall.

No. 118 was S3curod by the other jointsecretary at Sloan's, Bernard Lamb,at that time residing at Druminis,near Hamiltonsbawn, but afterwardsat Castleran, near the Diamond. Thelodge is still working at Sumner'sIsland. One of the original memberswas Dan Winters, who after the battlewas known as "Diamond Dan."

It is admiitted generally that thewarrants cost one pound, two shiilin,gsand ninepence—that was the value ofthe old guinea. Some say the pricewas two guineas and a half, but, inany case, the intention was to en-sure that the warrants only went intothe hands of substantial men. Thefirst seals were not very artistic, butthey represented Kin,<? William onhorseback, with the initials of Sloan'sname, J. S., and the motto: "Crownand Constitution."

H:arly Ulltioiiltlos.

Under the conditions then existingit was only natural that difficultiesshould arise and misunderstandingscause trouble. Then too many staunchProtestants held aloof, and some ofthe gentry be^an forming associationsof their own. for the need of union waspatent to all at a time when rumoursof the French invasion were rife, andWolfe Tone and his colleagues weremasquerading as patriots, but intenton securing the severance of the unionwith England and Scotland.Just one month after the first skir-

mishing at the Diamond, the Armaghgentry formed an association to pro-tect themselves from the Defenders.Their constitution was loyal and theiroath of membership was as follows:

—

22

III nil

i

"1, A. B., do freely and willingly

swear that I will keep the peace withail my neighbors and lellow-subjects,

and not designedly injure any of themexcept it be in my own defence, andthat I will never join with or encour-age any party of men whatever, whomeet together for purposes wherebythe peace of the country may be violat-

ed. And this oath I take in the fear

of God and the true faith of a Chris-

tian."The subscriptions were high, run-

ning from $10 and upwards to morethan $500.When the Orange Order was launch-

ed at Loughgall it was necessarily thecrudest possible form of organization,

and the only means of general consul-tation was that of a casual meetingof the officers and members on theoccasions of Portadown fairs and mar-kets. This was not a very satisfac-

tory way of doing business, but it wasthe best they could adopt in the pe-

culiar conditions existing. Early in

the year 179'3 Dan Winter held a con-sultation with Mr. John Templeton,a sound Protestant, a member of theOrder and probably a Freemason. Mr.Templeton gave ^he party some goodadvice and instituted the Purple De-gree, to which ail the leading mem-bers of the Order are said to havegravitated. He also showed themhow to utilize rooms for meetings,and so avoided in almost every casethe hedge and ditch initiations whichdid not always secure perfect secrecy.About this time also the open

enemies of the Order assailed it andcharged its membiers with committingvarious crimes. The strictest investi-gation proved these charges to be un-true, and since then the enemies of theOrder have altered history and mis-quoted records in their vain effort tocast odium on the most loyal and law-abiding class of men the world hasever seen. All these slanders havebeen refuted again and again, but solong as the Orange Society stands asit does to-day, against bigotry anddisloyalty, it will be slandered by theenemies of freedom and the foes of ourEmpire.

Thr Ohltii.-iUoii.

The obligation of the first memberswas as loyal as it is to-day. In thefirst authorized rules and regulations,revised by the Grand Lodge of Irelandfor the use of all Oramge Societies andapproved on November 22, 1798, theobligation of an Orangeman is givenas follows:

—

"I, A. B., do solemnly and sincerelyBwear, of my own will and accord, that

1 was not, am not, and never will be,an United Irishman ; and that I nevertook the oath of secrecy to that so-ciety."

In a modified or rather abbreviatedform, the Master, Deputy Master, bec-retary, and Treasurer, on appointmentto office, again took the oath. In 1800the words "or any other treasonablesociety" were added to the obligation,and in 1810, at the meeting of theGrand Lodge on July 10th, the obli-gation was made to read as follows:

—

"I, A. B., do solemnly and sincerelyswear that I was not, (jim n .t, norever will be, a member of the soci-ety called the United Irishmen, norany other society or body of men whoare enemies to his Majesty or theConstitution of these realms. That I

never took the oath of secrecy tothat or any other treasonable or se-ditious society.''

In 1814, 1817 and 1820 the obliga-tion was made equally stringentagainst all disloyal societies, and atthe Grand Lodge meeting, held in Dub-lin on August 4th, 1823, the obliga-tion was changed and the oath of al-legiance, supremacy and abjuration in-troduced.

A IWhys Loyjil.

We will turn back again a fewyears to show how the Protestantsunder all circumstances were the loyal-ists. In 1793-4-5 and fi the criminalrecords show that Roman Catholicswere the evildoers. The risings of1796 were opposed by Grattan, and mthe debates in Parliament on the sub-ject no charge was ever laid againstthe Order or its members. There is

a speech said to have been deliveredby Lord Gosford, in which he is al-

leged to have described the Order as"Oran^ bandits." Grave doubt ex-ists as to whej:her he ever made aspeech at the time, although his sonsaid his father had done so. It mustbe remembered, however, that Dr.Francis Plowden, one of the writersquoted against the Orange Society,was not reliable, and had to pay fivethousand pounds for libelling certainparties in his unreliable history ofIreland. That Lord Gosford's speech,attributing crime to Orangemen in theCounty of Armagh, if ever delivered,was untrue is proved conclusively bythe statement of General Sir ThomasMolyneux, who was in charge of thetroops stationed in Armagh at thattime, and whose special duty was tomaintain order. The official recordsof the troops show that very little

crime existed, that the offenders wereRoman Catholics, and Sir Thomas

23

r will be,it I neverI that 30-

>breviatedister, bec-pointmentt. In 1800•easonable•bligation,

g of thethe obli-follows:—sincerelyn .t, northe soci-men, normen whoor the

I. That I

crecy to)le or se-

e obliga-stringent), and atd in Dub-e obliga-ith of al-

ration m-

a fewotestantsthe loyal-criminalCatholicssings ofa, and inthe sub-

i againstThere is

deliveredhe IS al-

Order asoubt ex-made ahis sonIt musthat Dr.

s writersSociety,pay five

? certainitory of3 speech,en in thelehvered,3ively byThomas

e of theat that

r was torecords

ry little

ers wereThomas

wrote a letter about the year 1835,

challenging any atom of proof thatOrangemen caused trouble. The chal-lenge remains unanswered to this day.In the parliamentary proceedings ofITJCi no mention is made of any offencesby Protestants or Orangemen, andthere are references to crimes byothers. This should settle once forall the stupid and falsa charge thatthe first organized members of ourpresent Orange Order committed crime.

Tli« ViMMiiaiii-y.

In 179G the ytjomanry of Ireland wasformed as a sort of mounted volunteerforce for the defence of the countryand to aid in keeping the peace, whichwas threatened by the Roman Catho-lics who daily expected French aid.

The oath of the Yeomanry was ofcourse one of complete submission tothe proper authorities and unfalter-ing loyalty to the Crown and Con-stitution. It was only by committingperjury that Defenders and UnitedIrishmen could join, but they did notscruple at that. One of them whojoined was hanged for a base act oftreachery. He was sent with a de-spatch to General Lake, but he de-liberately Avent to the insurgents mWexford and delivered there the im-portant message. When the Roman-ist libellers said the Yeomanry wereHot loyal, a secret inquiry by Parlia-ment was held, and it was shown thatonly a few Romanists were disloyal,and the great body of the force re-ceived thanks for their services. Intheir ranks were many Orangemenand Moira Yeomanry L.OL. No. 554is justly proud of its origin m theYeomanry company raised by Mr,James Sharman Crawford, of Moira.We need not dwell on the miserable

story of the landing of the Frenchinvaders at Bantry, on January 2nd,17^7, with Wolfe Tone strutting aboutin French uniform. It came andwent, and the story is told in the his-tory of the Empire. Suffice it to sayhere that the Protestant Yeomanrydid their duty in defence of theircountry, as did the Orangemen.

l>ii|illciilo Xiimltoi's.

As might l)e expected, there aremissing numbers, owing to lodges hav-ing ceased to exist. There are alsoseveral duplicate numbers ; amongthese are Nos. 7, 11, 181 and 228. Theseduplicates arose through variouscauses, such for instance as mixingthe numbers of the Purple DegreeLodges, and Primary, the issuing ofsome English warrants, to the factthat the Ulster Grand Lodge was in

abeyance, and in reviving the lodgesnumbers were mixed. Another causeof duplicating was the issuing ofwarrants from Dublin and by theArmagh Secretary, in which countythe Grand Lodge originally existed.The fact of possessing a warrant,however, Vhich was correct, was, andis all that was necessary to be legaland entitled to hold the lodge.The Order by the beginning of 1196

was progressing rapidly. The adviceof Mr. Templeton was of great valuein the work. Mr. James Hunt, of Lis-burn, did a great deal to spread theOrder in Antrim. He was assisted bythe Rev. Philip Johnston, the Rev.Dr. Cupples, Messrs. Watson, Coulsonand others. At Belfast Mr. Hart wasassisted by Messrs. Henry Moore, E.May, jr., Major Fox and others.In Tyrone the opposition was strong,

but in the spring of 1798 Mr. Thos.Boyd, of Killycoran, got a warrantand the Order slowly progressed.John Emmerson brought the first

warrant into Fermanagh early in 17;-^.

It was No. 173, at Rosslea. The nextday after the Rosslea lodge was openedMr. John Johnston went back withMr. Emmerson for a second warrant,and the number of th's second war-rant was 184. This pro/es how quick-ly warrants were being taken up.These lodges are still working. An-other old lodge in this district is No.315. The first Master was Mr. SamuelJohnson, farmer. The first Treasurerwas Mr. David Beatty, of Lisbellow.The records of the lodge show that in1796 there were 198 members on theroll, Lord Cole and other promin'^ntmen being of that number. At thesame time the Purple list had 149names. The minutes show that Wil-liam Haire was exipelled for associat-ing with the United Irishmen.

Tlio I ii-st lliiiroriii.

The first actual reference to a uni-form appears in the records of thislodge. It is in the following form:—"December 4th, 17»8—Resolvt -Thatthere should be a committee held inDavid Beatty's, on Monday, ye 10th,179i8, in order to take into considera-tion of mode of Dress for this county.The committee appointed for such

business is as follows, and to trans-act other business :—William Chart-res, Aughnaloo; Wm. Montgomery,Drumreany; Wm. Chartres, Curragh

;

Jas. Crawford, Kilmore ; Walter Scott,Lisbellaw; James Dane, Drunard;John Ha 11, Tattyneacall ; Henry Dix-on, Lislea ; John Thompson, Shanco

;

James Blac'c, Clogheur ; Robert Shaw,

2h

J

!1

ill! iilli

li

ill'

Lisbeilaw; and John F ivis, Drumud.tigne.l.by order o£ theji-oster, Ifamuel

Johnston.'"The Yeomanry and militia dii a ycod

deal towards spreadini^^ the cause in

the south and other parts of Ireland.

I'lif l*r«M-4>s>>ioiis.

Regularly organized piocehsion^ oi

Orangemen began on the 12th of .iuiy,

17%. At many places the gatheringswere very small. Two Icxlgfes >uet at

Kilevan. At liullagh, Tyrone, > nly

fifteen members turned out. At Lui-gan, however, more than 2,000 i)eople

assembled, when one of the Queen'sCounty militiamen killed an Orange-man named McMurdle. For the crimethe militiaman was convi.,t3d of man-slaughter, burned on the hand andthen discharged.Banners of various descriptions were

carried, and several of these had a

picture of King William en horseback.

In 1772 Mr. Cope raised a regimentof mi'itia. antl his sister made, a silken

banner for the corps. This lianner

was presented to Little Jemmy bloan's

lodge. No. IGl. Derryscollop Lodge No.

2 had donations from Lieut. Sinclair

and Major Dal ton for a banner. TheRoman Catholics have often said thatthese demonstrations caused trouble,but that was only true when theyinterfered with the processionists.

Hugh ]\rcCall, in his honk on "Staple\ranufactures of Ireland,' shows howthe Orangemen protected even priests

from the turbulent classes.

Each County, or two or more unitedCounties, had a system of self-govern-ment for the lodges in the jurisdic-

tion. Thomas Verner was the first

Master of the United Counties ofTyrone Fermanagh, an^ TiOndonderry.The Grand Lodfre of "Boyno men

commonly called Orangemen" of An-trim, was comp<"sed as follows:—Dr.Wi'liam Atkinson of Del fast. G.M.- theRev. Phi ip Johnson ('17V Pallyma.'ash,G. Chap.: Wm. Hart. Li".biirn G. «ec.Beside the Grand officers the GeneralCommittee consi«'ted of Edward Hogg,354. Lisburn : Thomas :\rcCully, 224,SoldierstowB : Michael Boomer. 137,Deriaghy; Stephen Daniel. 238, Bel-fast. James Innis. 152, Lisburn; 'ohnJohnston 224. Lisburn ; Thos. Briggs,121. Maze: Wm. Johnston, 143, Bal-linderry: Thomas Shillington. 403,Aehagallon. and William Murphy, 140,Magheragale.

<)n:i1lfirattnii<i.

We now give the official statementof the men of Antrim's views of thequalifications necessary for a man tobecome a member of the Order.

"QUALIFICATIONS REQUI3TE FORAN ORANGEMAN.

"He should have a sincere love andveneration for his Almighty Maker

;

productive of those lively and happyfruits, righteousness and obedience toHis commands ; a firm and steady fauhin the Saviour of the world, convincedthat He is the only mediator l)etweena sinful creature and an offendedCreator. Without these he can he noChristian. Of a humane antl compas-sionate disposition and a court^'ous andaffable behaviour. He should be anutter enemy to savage brutality an 1

unchrl:cian like cruelty. i^et hini

be a lover of society and improvmfj;company, and have a laudable regardfor the Protestant religion an I a sin-

cere endeavor to propagate its pre-cepts. Zealous of promoting the honorof the king and country, and a heartydesire for victory and success : butconvinced and assured that God onlycan grant it; a hatred for cursing andswearing and taking the name of Godin vain (a shameful practice); takingall opportunities to discourage it

among his brethren. Wisdom andprudence should guide his actions,hone.sty and integrity influence hisconduct, and lienor and g'ory l)e themotives of his endeavors.

"Lastly, he must pay the stri-'test

attention tn the religious observanceof the Sabbath, and also of temper-ance and sobriety."The Armagh Orange claim issued be-

fore this contained the very same sen-timents, and all other counties copiedthe words and the deeds.

t'roMii. 4'oiiiitr.r >iim1 FtiKli.

Reader.s of course irnow that at this

reriod Ireland had a separate Parlia-meni and laws of its own. which ac-

counts for the fact that the early sealsof the Order had the crown and harpcombined. The lodges opened and clos-

ed with prayer. The mottoes were forseals. l)anners and certificates almostalways the words**for Crown. Country.Constitution and Fnith." The Orderwas thi^s religious, loyal and Protest-ant to the core, the foe of no truepatriot, but the friend of all goodcitizens. Every effort was made tokeep the meml.ership exclusively forthe sober, honest, God-fearing people,who, loving right, were determined atal! costs to preserve the liberties theyand their forefathers had won.There were now very dark days in

store for many Protestants. The re-liellion, which had smouldered long,burst out at last, and Irish and FrenchRomanists, were joined in an effort

25

3TE FOR

love andy Maker;nd happyjdience toeady faithconvincedr l)etweenoffended

"an be noI cpinpas-t^ous andId be anality anl

I jet hunmprovina:le regartim 1 a sin-

its pre-the honora heartyess ; butGod onlyrsing andae of God) ; takingjrage it

lorn andactions,

ence his'y t)e the

stri'-tost

^servancetemper-

?sned be-iame sen-es copied

h.

t at thisI^arlia-

'^hirh ac-arly sealsind harpand clos-

were foi'

i almostCountry,le OrderProtest-no trueall goodmade tovely for

a people,nined aties they1.

days in

The re-

ed long,I Frenchn effort

to crush out the Protestant religionin Ireland. The rebel United Irishmenmade an appeal to the Orangemen tojoin in the revolt. Grand MasterAtkinson took action to circumvent therebels, and with military aid did arrestsome conspirators in Belfast. A con-ference of Ulster Orangemen was heldat Armagh, with Mr. James Sloan, ofLoughgall, in the chair, when therebel ar-iJeal was indignantly rejectedand a solemn declaration made thatthe Orangemen would do their utmostin defence of King and Constitution,to retain Protestant supremacy, tomaintain law and order, and defendthemselves from attack.

I'oii.siilrulors 4'aiii:lit.

Events rushed after each otherrapidly, and the traitors to King andcountrj' were busj', but the Govern-ment was not idle. On February 28,

1798, Priest Quigley, who was at first

in command of the Defenders, was ar-rested at Margate, England, with trea-sonable documents in his possession.He was in disguise and going underthe name of O'Coigley. He was tried,

found guilty of treason, and on June7th hung as a traitor.On March 12th, 1798, Capt. Swan, an

Orangeman, captured the fifteen Leins-ter re!;el delegates in Dublin.On May I9th, 1798, Lord Edward

Fitzgerald, whose Roman Catholicwife got him to .ioin the rebels, wascaptured, after a desperate resistance,in which he received wounds whichproved fatal on June 4th, 1798. Capt.Rj'an, an Orangeman, who assisted atthe caiiture, was fatally wounded byFitzgerald, and died twelve days afterthe struggle. Capt. Swan and TownMajor Sirr, both Orangemen, assistedat the capture.

It had leen planned that on May23rd, 1798, the reliellion should openlycommence. This decision was come to

aft a conference held at Harold's Crossa month earlier. The first skirmishwas at Rathfarnham, three miles fromDui)lin. The tactics of the rebels weresoon made clear. They liegan and con-tinued the whole struggle, by the mostatrocious butcheries of Protestants.The story of those terrible days neednot be dwelt on at any length, be-yond what is pertinent to the historyof the Order. Suffice it to say, thatat Dunboyne and Prosperous the Pro-testants were killed wherever found.The same story can be told of many-places all through the south and westof Ireland, and wherever the rebels hada chance to commit these outrages.On Saturday, May 26th, Priest John

Murphy, of Boulavogue, led the re-

volt in that district, laid seige to En-niscorthy, and finally encamped withhis rei)el host on Vinegar Hill. Thecruelties the priest's army committedon Protestants are beyond description.There were 230 prisoners in Sculla-bogue barn, and all were ordered tole icilled. The order was given byPriest John Murphy. Thirty of theprisoners were lifted on pikes and helduntil dead, and then the barn was seton fire, and the remaining one hundredand nintey-nine burned to death. Atthe trial at Wexford, on Septemlier12th, 1799, of \Vm. Fenton, one of themen charged with some of the of-fences, it was proved that when it

thundered during the killing of a Pro-testant, one of the rebels said that"God was sounding his horn of joybecause an Orangeman was killed."Another remark was "Come on, lioys,

to the camp (Priest Murphy's on Vine-gar Hill), we have sent their souls tohell."On June 20th, 1798, the butchery of

Wexford Bridge took place. Twopikes were stuck in the back and twoin the breast of each Protestant, andthe four pikemen then threw the bodyover the bridge. The rebels had abanner with the letters "M.W.S." onit, which has generally Ijeen acceptedas meaning Murder Without Sin.On June 21st General Lake attacked

Murphy's host on Vinegar Hill anddefeated it. Priest Clinch, one of thechief officers among the rebels, beingkilled.

Oraiige L»yalt.y.

There were many other exciting in-cidents in the South, North and West,but we can only mention briefly thetroubles in the North, where the rebelswere equally cruel when opportunityoffered, as witness the burning aliveof Hugh McKee and family at Saint-field, the Donaghadie and other trage-dies, in which Protestants were killed,simply because they were Protestants.No wonder if at times nen's blood

ran wild, as they learned of theseatrocities, and no doubt in some casesa terrible vangeance was enacted. Fewmen living to-day would have re-frained from retaliation, but there arerecords of but very minor offences ofthis description against the loyalists,and not one against any organizedbody of Orangemen.Many ble, but misguided men,

joined the rebels in Leister, but most ofthem left when they found out thereal character of the rebellion. OnJune 11th, General Nugent, in com-mand of the King's forces in theNorth, issued a proclamation offering

26

1'

i

m

^

pardon to all who surrendered, hut if

the surrender did not take place

promptly he declared he would destroyall houses and execute all the peoplehe caught. It was a cruel order, andmany innocent people suffered. Thisis the only official act of harshnessrecorded, and it has never heen con-cealed or attempted to be justified bythe loyalists.

On the 12th and 13th of June theBattle of Ballynahinch was fought,the rebels were defeated and Munro,their captain, eventually captured bythree Orangemen, and afterwards ex-ecuted at Hillsborough.We have mentioned the fact that

Orangemen took part in the work ofsuppressing the rebellion, and willclose this part of the narrative l)y

reciting some other incidents to provethat members of the Order were then,as now, loyal to the core. Severalmemliers of No. 430, of Inch, joinedGeneral Nugent. At Lisburn 400Orangemen enrolled for the King's ser-

vice. The orders of the day of severalregiments show that at Belfast andelsewhere Orangemen did full dutylike the regular soldiers, and wereoften detailed for active service. AtCastlereagh Orangemen and Yeomandid duty together. At Fermanagh theOrangemen were summoned lor dutyby the Secretary, just as he wouldsummon a special lodge meeting. OnSeptember 17th, 1798, John and Archi-bald Johnston were expelled from Lis-bellaw Lodge for refusing to mountguard.In a letter doted August 14th, 1815,

Jas. D. R. Clelland said that althoughhe was not an Orangeman he could, ofhis own personal knowledge, testifythat thej bravery of the Orange con-tingent saved the York Fencibles fromutter destruction at the skirmish atSaintfield. For conspicuous liravery atColooney on September 4th, 1798, Arch.Armstrong was made Colonel of the71st Regiment. He had 28 Orangemenin his company, all from the lodge ofwhich he was Master. The membersof the Orange lodge, aided l)y twentymilitiamen, held Borris against therebels. Capt. Gowan's Yeomanry L.O.L. 40(i was initiating Lieut. George T.Johnston when they heard the soldiersgo by on their way to attack the rebels.The lodge at once adjourned and didmuch to defeat the rebels at Ballyellison November 20th, 1798.

On August 22nd, 1798, further de-tachments of French tro'^^ps landedat Killala, and this roused the rebelsof that district to great enthusiasmand many cruelties on Protestants

were committed. The rebels, led byone Humbert, pressed on until theyreached CasLlebar, where they metsome loyal troops, but \vith the loyal-ists were, most unfortunately, volun-teers from Galway and Longford,and Kilkenny militia, all Roman Cath-lics, and these ra[)idly retreated, sothai it was customary to refer to thatskirmish as Castlebar Races, but theOrangemen fought well. The I'^renchGeneral issued a bombastic proclama-tion forming a government for Con-naught, but as already noted he metdisaster at Colooney, where the gal-lant Orangemen, under Archibald Arm-strong, did such splendid service. AtSligo the Roman Catholics made com-mon cause with the rt')els, but theOrangemen rallied in delrnce of theirhomes and were joined by the IMeiho-dists, who came to the rescue singinghymns. At Ballynamuck the rebelsme I disaster, and there again Orange-men and Protestants distinguishedthemselves greatly on the loyalists'side.

In September the British squadroncaught the French fleet, fought anddefeated it and took the La Rocheinto Lough Swilly, where the Frenchhad planned to land, and so they did,but as prisoners. Wolfe Tone was onboard the La Roche, dressed as aFrench officer. He was recogni^e'l oneday at dinner, was charged with treason,sent to Dublin, tried and condemned tohe executed. He cut his throat thenight before the date fixed for hisexecution, and after lingering a weekdied from the self-inflicted wounds.Napper Tandy, the sneaking rebel,

always ready to save his own skin atthe expense of others, was arrested,but whined and prayed for pardon till

he got it as is generally supposed,because he gave others away.The writer of this would have

been gla could the exigencies of thethe case nave permitted details of howthe gallant Orangemen saved NewtonPirry, how they fought and died atThree Rocks, Ross, Wexford and Ark-low, and how many of their loved onessuffered on that "Bloody Friday"round Gorey. As we have said allthese stories would form instructivereading, and with others would filllarge volumes. All that we can saynow is that every man who had takenan Orange obligation did his duty tohis King and country.How great had been the services of

the Yeomanry, almost all of whom areOrangemen, is made clear by the fol-lowing general order, issued on Sep-tember g-th, 17C8, by the commander of

27Is, led byintil thoythey metthe loyal-ly, volun-Longford,nan Cath-reated, soer to that3, but thele I'^enchproclama-for Con-

id he meti the ^^al-

bald Arm-rvice. Atnade com-but the

3 of theirbe aiel ho-le singingi;he rebels1 Orange-;inguishedloyalists'

squadronught and[ia Rochele Frenchthey did,

e was onsed as arni^erl oneh treason,iemned toiroat the

for his

? a weektvounds.ng re))el,

1 skin atarrested,irdon till

supposed,y-

lid havees of theIs of howI Newtondied at

xnd Ark-jved onesFriday"

said all

structiveould fill

can sayad takenduty to

rvices ofv^hora arethe fol-

on Sep-lander of

the Royal troops. In it he said thecorps of Yeomanry in the wholecountry through which the army haspassed have rendered the greate3t ser-

vice, and are entitled to the acknow-ledgments of the Lord Lieutentint,from their not having tarnished thatcourage and loyalty which they dis-

played in the cause of their King andcountry by any act of wanton crueltytowards their deluded fellow-subjects.

It was not considered good politics

for the State officials and the mem-bers of the Government to say muchabout the services, of the Orangemen,and they had to be largely contentwith the knowledge that they didtheir duty. Malevolent opponents andtime-serving politicians have tried tominimise the services of these l)rave

men, but the records of the day andthe never-dying, never-sleeping vigi-

lance of the leaders of the Order havesecured the recognition from poster-ity, which was only partially given atthe time.

If necessary a large volume couldbe filled with such instances, butenough has been said to show thatloyalty always distinguished membersof the Order. Small wonder if theOrangemen of those days doubted theloj'alty of Roman Catholics. Smallwonder, also, if they harboured harshthoughts of Rome and her ways, andstill smaller wonder if they werefound loyal to the Order, determinedto maintain it, and to hand it downto their children as a bulwark ofsafety.

4iir:iiMl LodKO Foi'iikmI.

The necessity for a central body toweld the various lodges into a power-ful organization was felt as early asthe beginning of 1796. A prelimin-ary meeting, without authority fromthe lodges was held at Portadown onJuly 12th, 1790, and the question offorming a Grand Lodge was sent tothe primary' lodges for their decision,the result of which was to be laid be-fore an adjourned meeting. The lodgesfavored the formation of a centralgoverning body or Grand Lodge, andthe adjourned meeting was also heldat Portadown on July 12th, 1797, andtherfe the first duly authorised GrandLodge was formed, these officers beingelected

:

Capt. Wm. Blacker, Grand Master,Armagh.Thomas Verner, Grand Master, Ty-

rone, Derry and Fermanagh.Dr. Wm. Atkinson, Grand Master,

Antrim.Thomas Seaver, Grand Treasurer,

Armagh.

David Verner, Grand Secretary, Ar-magh.John Crossle, Grand Secretary,

Tyrone,William Hart, Grand Secretary,

Antrim.Mr. Wolsey Atkinson, Acting Secre-

tary.II. was ordered that—1st. All lodges shall pay the annual

sum of threepence for each memberto defray the various expenses in-curred by Mr. Atkinson in the issuingof warrants.2nd. No lodge shall be held without

a warrant, to be signed by Mr. WolseyAtkinson, and a seal with the likenessof King William affixed thereto.

(irriit llriaoii.stnitioiiM.

On the same day the Belfast Orange-men held a great demonstration, atwhich military of all ranks and themembers of the Order were reviewedby General Lake. The Orangemencarried banners. The "ProtestantBoys" was played to the tune of Lilli-bulero.The General left the same day for

Lurgan, going by way of Lisburn,where he also saw an Orange parade,at which the memlTers of lodges 104,121, 128, 136, 137, 138, 140, 152, lOi, 170,207 and 354 were present, with manymilitary. The Masters and Secretarieswere at the head of each lodge, andthe lodges were in order of seniorityof warrant. The open Bible and war-rant of the lodge were carried, andfully 30,000 people assembled.The County of Armagh Orangemen

mustered in Lurgan. The Govern-ment, was anxious to know the strengthof the loyalists, and young Mr. Blackerdid his best for a good muster. It issaid that 30,000 men, including mili-tary and Orangemen, paraded, and thatfully 60,000 people were present in Lur-gan Park. General Lake got a greatwelcome.The County Tyrone men met at

Stewartstown, and were assaulted bysome Roman Catholics of the Kerryregiment of militia, but they held theirown, a sergeant and three privates be-ing wounded.From these facts it will be seen that

the Order had grown enormously inless than two years, and that the Gov-ernment had a great reserve of loyal-ists to draw on in case of trouble. Aswe have already seen, that trouble waseven then drawing to a head.

T«» l>iil»llii Now.

On March 8th, 1708, a meeting toaid in the better organization of theOrder was held in Dublin, at which

r-

:i!i

II

illli!

iNi

28

a number of representatives fromlodges were present. Thomas Vernerwas in the chair. It was decided to

have a Grand Lodge for all Ireland,to meet in Dublin. The countieswere all divided into convenient dis-

tricts, the District Master to be

chosen by the Masters of i'rimaiylodges in that district. Each countywas formed into a county lodge, com-posed of the District Masters of thecounty. It was also resolved that theGrand Lodge of Ireland should beformed by members to be chosen byballot by each County Gran I Lodge,and that the Grand Masters of Coun-ties, District Masters and Masters oflodges in Dublin, on account of theirresidence, should be members, andthat all Masters of County Lodgesshould be admitted as honorary mem-bers, and that each regiment havingone or more numbers should have apower of choosing one member byballot to be a member of said GrandLodge.The resolutions then further pro-

vide that the Grand Lodge elect its

own Grand Master, who, with theGrand Lodge members and the Mastersof County, District and Primaryliodges, were to be elected annually,and that the Grand Lodge of Irelandshould meet as near as possible tothe 1st of July, (old style), as it wasfound possible.The meeting then atljournsd until

Monday, the 9th of April, 1798.

The first Orange lodge opened inDublin was No. 175. It met regular-ly at Harrington's, nn Grafton street,and many of Ireland's best and brav-est sons joined. There is a list ofseventy or eighty names still in exist-ence which proves this, for in that list

there are five Verners, every one ofwhom served his country faithfully;then there comes such names as MajorHamilton Archdall. John C. l^.^rf.s-

ford, M.P.; E. A. McNaunrhten, M.P.;Rev. John C. Beresford, Mnjor W. H.Swan, Henry Vaughan Brot^k, Earl ofAnnesley, Earl of Athlone, who wasadmitted by acclamation ; VipomntNorthland, of Dungannon; Hon. Thos.Knox. M.P. for Dungannon ; the Earlof Kingston, and others.As arranged, the Grand Lodge met

on April Hh, 1798, in Dublin, in thehous^ of Thomas Verner. The Marouisof Drogheda and many other promi-nent men were present. BrothersSamuel Montgomery and Harding Gif-fard were appointed to frame a codeof rules.A good deal of routine business was

done, the chief of which was to in-

crease facilities for issuing warrants,a work aa we shall see directly in-volved a good deal of labor. TheGrand Lodge then adjourned untilNovember 80th, 17i;8, when the twobrothers appointed to deal with therules were to be ready to re[iort.

llii|il<l liu'i-ea!s<>.

Now, let us for a moment see howthe work of organizing had gona on.It is not possible to say just howmany lodges were in working orderat this particular moment, an 1 ourT-eaders will of course have seen thathen the party who got a warrant

ceased to be in the position of Masterthe warrant was changed to the thenMaster. Of the Order we know thatMr. Edward Rogers, for many yearsGrand Secretary for County Arma;,h,thought that by the end of 17!>^ theremust have been 070 lodges in thehome Counties of the Diamonil. He wasable to give a partial list of someof the new warrants issued to lodgesas follows:

—

No. 2, Loughgall, to James Verner,No. 3, Loughgall, to Chas. Munro.No. 7, l^ortadown, to John Creery.No. 10, Portadown, a military march-

ing warrant.No. 12, Lurgan, Capt. Blacker.No. 13, Portadown, John Gardiner.No. 14, Loughgall, John Jackson.No. 15, Lurgan, Henry Greer.No. 16 Lurgan. Wm. Emerson.No. 21, Loughgall, Thomas Mc-

Cracken.No. 22, Lurgan, James Best.No. 23, Lurgan, John Graham.No. 24, Lurgan, John Hara.No. 26, Lurgan, Wm. Fisher.No. 27, Lurgan, Richard Wilson.No. 35, Portadown, Richard Robin-

son.No. 36, Loughgall, James Sloan.No. 41, Lurgan, John BRst.No. 43, Lurgan, Jas. Turkington.No. 44, Lurgan, Wm. Madden.No. 46, Lurgan, Jas. Wilson.No. 48, Lurgan, John Greer.No. 54, Renhill, John Foster.No. 57, Lurgan, Andrew Curry.No. 63, Lurgan, Wm. Mach.assy.No. 82, Lurgan, Thos. Sheppard.No. 85, Loughgall, Henry Spen-er.No. 91, Lurgan, Gowliston Lutton.No. ini. Loughgall, Thos. Obre.No. 103, Lurgan, (reo. Douglas.No. 104, Loughgall, John Locke.No. 106, Loughgall. John Brownlee,No. 109, Armagh. Thos. Jackson.No. 122. Tandragee, military warrant

for Armagh militia.No. 123, Lurgan, Geo. Baird.No. 161, Loughgall, James Sloan.

29

? Mairunls,irectly in-tbor. Tlie•ned untiln the two1 with the

re[)ort.

at see how(1 gon3 on.just how

kinj? order, an I ours seen thata warrantof Piasterthe then

know thatlany yearsy Armaj^h,n»^ there

3 in then;!. lie wast of some1 to lodges

es Verner... Munro.1 Creery.iry niarch-

icker.Gardiner,Jackson.:'eer.

^rs')n.

jmas Mo-

st.

ham.a.

sher.Wilson.rd llobin-

iSloan.

!St.

int^ton.

Iden.

n.

er.

ter.

urry.hassy.ppard.pen-er.Lutton.Ihre.s:las.

Locke.Drown lee.

ckson.' warrant

i.

Sloan.

No. 102, Verner's Bridge, Loughgall,David Verner.No. 17t, Market Hi!l, Hugh Mathers.No. 204, Lurgan, Wm. An'ierscn.No. 229, Keady, James Hughes.No. 222, Market Hil, marching war-

rant for Armagh militia.

No. 312, lUchill, military warrant to13th Dragoons, and then to Bdth Re-giment.No. 550, Lurgan, the Rev. Holt War-

ing.No. 072, Armagh, Henry Sling.

At IViitci'loo.

Warrant No. 11 was claimed byDown and Armagh, anl it has a roman-tic history. It was no doubt issuedby James Sloan, of Loughgall, on thenight of the victory of the Diamond,and probably renewed in 17*J8. S«mehave cJaimed that its original datewas June 4th, 179*3, but though on theface of the document, it is so clearlyan error, or a date marked lor someother purpose, that it is not worthwhile even discussing it. Mr. Woods,who first claimed this old date forthe warrant, was himself born ( n thatvery day, June 4th, 1793, and was in-

itiated at Ballyvalgin on July 12th,

1811. The warrant was a militaryone anl held by the 17th Light Dra-goons. At Waterloo every Orange-man in the regiment but one waskilled. He preserved the warrant, andon his return to Lisburn several yearsafter as a pensioner he show^ed thewarrant to James Bell, who gave it

to James Thompson. The latter sub-mitted it to the County Down meet-in,?, anl County Master Connelin la'dit before the Grand Lodge of Ireland.The authenticity of the documentwas at once recognized. A rene.Aval

was granted to Mr. Connelin. Therenewal warrant is dated August 2'lth,

1824, and is signed by Col. Verner,Deputy Grand Master ; William Stoker,Deputy Grand Treasurer, and OgleRobert Gowan. Assistant Grand Sec-retary. Mr. W^oods purchased the re-newal warrant with the right to opena lodge at Earnamaghery. The lodgewas opened on October 20th, 1825, andthe warrant afterwards renewed byErnest, Duke of Cumberland, and bythe Earl of Eimiskillen. Mr. Wcorlsdied on April 4th, 1883, mourned byall cla^«^S3S. His funeral was conduct-ed accordin')? tT Orange ceremonial andmany Roman Catholics attended it outof respect for deceased.

It naay be mentioned that when theBenevolent and Loyal Orange Institu-tion existed, the Richill brethren hada warrant numbered 11, but Mr.

Woods easily proved that the origi-nal No. 11 of Waterloo fame wa9 theone he had secured.

Ill lli«> <'i-iiii«>a.

Another Orange warrant with aromantic history is that of No. 809.The warrant was with an infantry re-giment which rendered splendid ser-vices in the Crimea. The lodge metregularly in a cave, only known to themembers, and many a time the pro-ceedings have been enlivened by theshrieking shells flying overhead andthe rattle of musketry. In a skir-mish the Master of the lodge, whocarried the warrant, was killed, andsome prowling Turks got hold of thewarrant when rifling the pockets ofthe dead. An ex-membr of the IrishConstabulary, who was attached tothe ambulance corps, came on thescene, and being an Orangeman hegot the precious document from theTurks, who were completely j)uz;zledover it. The brother sent the war-rant to Mr. Rogers, Grand Secretaryof Armagh, and the story of the war-rant with the document itself is

among the many other valuable ar-chives in Armagh Orange hall.The year IVl/'S was memorable in

Orange circles for more than the is-

suing of those warrants we have beenwriting about, n The Orange demon-strations on July 12th were greaterand grander than ever, and the mili-tary turned out at many places. Thisyear the County lyrone gatheringswere numerous and mostly local, nogreat central gathering marking theevent, but every town anl hamlet heldits own gatherings. The Fort EdwardYeomen Cavalry, all of whom weremembers of Fort Edward Loyal Or-ange Lodge, asssembled before march-ing in procession and Mrs. Lindsay,wife of the captain of the corps, W.C. Lindsay, presented them with abeautiful silk banner of royal blue,with a neatly worked silver loom, theweb in' and a weaver at work pic-tured on it. Surrounding the devicewas a wreath of thistles, roses andshamrocks, entwined with the motto,"Pro Rege, texto, lege" (for My King,my loom, and the law).Perhaps the first Orange speech de-

livered openly by a lady was thatof Mrs. Lindsay when she presentedthe banner.In those days the Orangemen under

a clause in the Bill of Rights wereenabled to carry firearms, and thatis why they were so valuable inactual service and so able to defendthemselves when assailed.

i

1,'

81

lume, andI'ollows:

1(1 .sincere-

Will andutincKst f)f

efend the'hird, and1 so long-'rotes tantution andnd that I

tne of ourhe Third,o further'as not, ahat I was,a Unitedthe oathand I dou;e of Al-ways con-ther parts>vv to re-•r Indite'e it, nor>r, Parch-Stone, or;e known,ti Orange-r Corrup-

orda werepber, andals3 pre-

reportedayer was; referredabridged

>pted andcopies ofules still

ire easilyocumentslasswords)iety andchallengeraitoroua

es, mak-angemenRoman

ther out-it creed,ledge oferly false

Romanfied vol-Orange

ered re-the mis-offences,Qes wered rebelsids from

mischief. These cruninals, the better tothe dissemination of falsehood againstthe Orangemen, wore hats such as theYeomanry at first wore—round, withwhite tape binding the edges. In sev-eral districts the Orangemen raisedfunds to help tlie sufferers, and gavefreely to Roman Catholics as ell asto Prolestiints. It was proved beforethe Orange Commission that RomanCatholics did not suffer in any way,that Orangemen and Protestants gen-erally aided them in every |.ossil)le

way and got them employment. TheRev. Mr. Johnson and the Rev. Dr.Cupples were the object of manyslanders by the opponents of freedom,and those forged rules were used toannoy these loyal true Protestants.Mr. Johnson's life was more than oncein danger from the secret foes of theOrange Order. All these slanders andattacks were without one jot or shadowof justification, and so exasperatedmany Roman Catholics even that in

1811 Priest McGreevy, of Deriaghy,wrote, stating that his predecessor in

the parish always spoke of and lookedupon Mr. Johnson as a true, kindChristian, and that he was greatly ad-mired for his good works and noblelife.

These forged rules, however, gottheir death-blow when Col. Vernergave evidence on March 7th, 1835, be-

fore the Orange Lodges Commission.He showed where the forgeries differ-ed from the genuine copies. TheRev. Mortimer O'Sullivan, D.D., gavesimilar evidence to the Commission.

Oraiisenioii aiMl llio I'liloii.

During recent years when HomeRule has been so much under discus-sion it became the fashion for ignor-ant, demagogues to point out thatmany Orangemen, probably the raajor-ty of them, opposed the Legislativeunion of Ireland and the United Kin,?-dom. It is to us, living under a fed-eral system of Government, no surpriseto know that the brethren in 1799 and1800 opposed the abolition of the IrishParliament. The surprise is that anyadvocate of Home Rule should cast it

up in this year of grace.Let us consider briefly ho^v the mat-

ter stood. The rebellirn had beencrushed, and scarcely an Orange fam-ily could he found that was not in

mourning for their dead, who hadfallen in fighting in the open field

or had been butchered by the priest-led rebels. Fully 80,000 men had beenin the field on the side of the Kingand 70,000 of these were Yeomanry,

militia and Orangemen. It is calcu-lated that 70,0i)0 lives were lost dur-ing the struggle, and many thousandsfled from the country in panic. Theannual exi)enses of the Government,which in 1779. was only ^9,UU0,00'J, wasnow 5a2O,000,00(), and the debt was in-creased to the huge sum of $1::.'),000,0()0.

The grant of $4,110,01)0 in relief of thesufferers from the rebel raids did notnearly cover that loss, and yet sosure did the Orange and Protestantpopulation feel that they could over-come all these difficulties that theypreferred to bear the burden, and man-fully hell* to reduce them rather thanabandon their Parliamentary system ofGovernment, imperfect as it was. Tomany of the best men of that day itlooked just as it would look to thepeople of our Provinoes or of one ofthe States of the Union if the CentralGovernemnt proposed to abolish theirLocal or State Legislature. That wasexactly how it looked in those days tomany Irish loyalists, and their fearsof evil consequences were increased bythe united and persistent demands ofthe Roman Catholics for the abolitionof the Irish Parliament.

It is this which makes it al surd ofthe Home Rulers of to-day to tauntOrangemen about their opposition tothe Union. The Orangemen, or at leasta large number of them, openly andhonestly stated their opposition, butwhen in.after years they saw how bene-ficial it worked out, they were notsuch fools or traitors as to attempt todestroy that Union. The Romanistssought the abolition of the Irish Par-liament because they thought therebyto injure the country and curb theonward flow of Orangeism. Whenthey found that it was a blessing tothe country and that Orangeism wastriumphant, they began to seek thedestruction of the Union on the pleaof Home Rule. That is in a nutshellthe whole story of the Orangemen andRomanist position on the LegislativeUnion.During the discusssion of the Union

proposals the Supreme officers of theOrange Order frequently appealed tothe members to refrain trom discuss-ing the subject in lodge, but all ofcourse were at liberty to use then-own judgment on the matter. TheUnion Act was finally adopted by theIrish Parliament, and on August 1st,1800, it received the Royal assent. TheAct came into force on January 1st,1801, and from that date one Parlia-ment has managed the affairs of theUnited Kingdom.

;

..-!'32

'•

:

=iii!i

AlwiiyM l.«»yiil iiiiil Triir.

The agiUiLion over the Union neither

slackened the enLhusiasm nor lessened

by onj iota the loyalty oi tlie Or-

angemen. The 12th ol July, the ith

and nth of ^ovember celebration-* of

17iW and 18C0, were as larf^e and as

enthusiastic as the most ardent Or-

angeman could wi.sh. When on -May

15Lh, 1800, James Hadfield attempted

to shcot the King in JJrury LaneTheatre, London, I he Orangemen weretlie first in Ireland to manifest then-

joy at the King's escape, and to ex-

press their horror at the incident.

They joined heartily in the spirit of

the impromptu verse which Sheridan

added to the National Anthem in the

theatre the night of the attempt on

the King's life. The verse is as fol-

lows:

—

"From every latent foe,

F-om the assassin's blow,

God Save the King.O'er him thine arm extend,

For Britain's sake defendOur Father, Prince and Friend.

God Save the King."

Ai 4'olei-:ilii<*.

In 1801 Mr. Thomas Verner retired

from the post of Grand Master, whichhe had so ably filled, and was suc-

ceeded by the Hon. Geo. Ogle, M.P.This year Coleraine had a very fine

historic procession on the 12th of

July. The Orange soldiers of the

EighLxi Armagh Regiment took the

lead because th«y held senior war-rants, and many of them had foughtat the Diamond; then followed a de-

tachment of the Royal IrLsh Artillery

by lodges, followed by the civilian

Orangemen. The Armagh Regimentlodges and Masters were: 174, \Vm.McCracken ; 190, Matthew Pollard ; 223,

Jeremiah FuUerton; B'i.'), RobertSloane; and 1038, Samuel Robb. TheArtillery Lodge was J>27, and the Mas-ter, John Foster. The town lodgeswere—256, John Smith ; 316, John Dins-more ; 737, Thomas Bell; »C9, WilliamDrain; anl 9'20 Benjamin Drain. Theyhad met in the Diamond, and overone thousand soldiers were in thatparade, which was witnessed by awildly enthusiastic crowd. Theymarched to the parish church of Rally-angin. where Dr. Heslot, Rector ofKillowen, preached. After service theymarched to Portstewart, where re-freshments were served, and at nighteach lodge d'. i in its own place ofmeeting. On October 31st. 1801, theEarl of Hardwicke, the Lieutenant-Governor of Ireland, thanked the Yeo-manry, nearly every one of whom were

Orangemen, for their patriotism andreadiness to assist in defence of theEmpire. On April (il.li, 18U2, llm Im-perial Parliament also recof\i/e.l I lie

services of the Veoiuunry bj a special

vote of thanks.Troiil»l<> AbiiIii.

The unsettled leelin^i' m iuigl uid iti

1801 led to the arrest ot I ol. iJesi-aKl

and a numb'c^r of other conniiiiaiors.

The Colonel and six of his lol lowerswere executeii, and the trouble wasfelt in Ireland, where a l)ody ( f Tii)-

p.'rary an I Limerick luililia, all liomnnI'athoiics, attacked the Orangemen of

Kilrea. The latter took refuge in ahouse, and in their own defence Jired,

killing two militiamen. At the truii

which followed it was shown thatthe Orangemen would all have beenkilled had they nut fired as they did.

The brethren charged with the olfencewere acquitted.In 1802 the 12th of July demonstra-

tions eclipsed all previous years,and included a review of soldiers anda levee at Dublin by the Viceroy, andthe firing of a volley in honor of theBoyne.In 1803 the talk was of Bounaparte

and his intended attack on P^xitam.A special appeal was made to Orange-men to be ready for action in de-fence of the country, and to exerciseredoubled vigilance to prevent theadmission of traitors to the Order.The 12th of July demon^-.trations wereagain most successful in every re-spect.

Tile ftiiiiiiK't FlnN4M».

This year witnessed the hair-brainedattempt of Robert Emmet, a brotherof Thomas Addis Emmet, and oneThomas Russ3ll to raise a revolt whichwas to begin on July 23rd. Russell'splan in the North was to seize Ma-^is-trate Forde, of Seaforde, hold him asa hostage, and then on a l>eacon be-ing lighted, the whole country wasto rise. On the day named aboutthirty men, partially drunk, met Rus-sell, who had issued a bombastic pro-clamation, which was everywhere re-ceived with derision. The thirty mensoon got so drunk they had to hedown, instead of rise up, and Russell,who had intended to seize Downpat-rick, was on September Mh, 1803, seizedhimself in his hiding place in Dublin,by Major Sirr, and J. S. Emerson,both Orangemen. He with some of hisfollowers were tried and executed atDownpatrick.Emmet had also issued a proclama-

tion, named his new government, asif he owned the country, and whilst

It

\v.\

•iotism andnee of thei, Uio liu-

J a .si)ociul

hingj 111(1 Ml

j1. ljt'si/iU(l

)nsi)iiuloiH.i lollowor.soublo \v!is

Kly if Till-

Ill I Uorn.'in

-ngoinen ofiiuge in aen(!o lired,t the triiil

own thathave been* they did.the oifence

tleraon.stra-us years,)ldiers aadiceroy, andnor of the

^ouna{)arten liritam.to Orange-m in de-o exerciseivent thele Order,ions werevery re-

r-l)raineda brothernd one

ol(. whichllussell's

ze Ma??is-him as

eacon be-ntry wasd aboutmet Rus-istic pro-here re-irty men

to lie

Russell,Downpat-03, seizedDublin.

Emerson,aae of hiscuted at

roclama-nent, asd whilst

Ru.sstill was acting tlu» fool elsewhere,J';iimi''t proceeded with a rabble to

Htoriii, as he declared, Dublin I'aatle.

That his loi lowers were of the very8cum ol Dublin was proved by theirdeeds. The rabljle met a carriageconlainini^ Lord ^>.i warden, his daugh-ter ml his ni'phew, I he Rev. lUfhardWolfe. The two men wire murderedby Dinm >t's gang, and the lady ser-iously w unded. Col. Drown, of the2l8t Regiment, wiis also Jdlled, andseveral others all in c<dd blood. Thebutchery might have gone on forsome time, but two Orange lodges in

session at Peter Daly's, or, as it wascaile.d, Daly's Orange Inn, were dis-

turbed ))y the commotion, iinl led byMajor Swan, the members to the num-ber of seventy attacked the murder-ers and thus saved the life of IjordKilwarden's daughter. f^oldu-rs nowcame up and captured many of therebels. Emmet took to his heels, l)ut

was afterwards caught on August 18,

at Harold's Cross, tried on Septemberli>th. and sentenced to death, the exe-cution taking place next day in Kil-mainham jail.

in IrfOl all was quiet in Ireland, butthe demonstrations on July l:.th andNovember 4Dh and nth were verylarge and enthusiastic. In 180.3 themilitary took no part in these demon-stration.p, owing to the secret influ-ence o*! Rome. In 180(5 some of theRomoa Catholic n*il tary again causedtrouble by insulting the Orangemenon the 12th July [jiiradcs. and thestatue of King "William in Dublin wasdefaced, but the demonstrations wereagain verj' large and most enthusias-tic.

T!d(' Halter's Story.

In this year also the conspiracy ofConstantino O'Neil, hatter, Dungan-non, with other enemies of Protes-tantism, was concoctad and carried out.O'iS'eil said the Orangemen burned hisshop, tried to kill him, and that nomagistrate in Ulster would see thatliis enemies were punished. One Ri-^h-

ard Wilson, who was desirous of be-ing a magistrate, made charges of ne-glect against the magistrates in con-nection wit)i the case.Judge ]\TcClelland, one of the ablest

and most imparl ial oC the Irish judges,had thn who^o matter investigated be-fore him. The following were in-

dicted charged with the offencesalleged by O'Neil. namely:—David Ver-ner James "Verner, Robt. Luke, JohnShiney. Joseph Jackson, Geo. Green,John Patterson, Wm. CraAvford andAndrew Luke. After a rigid inquiry,

in which 0'\ei! ma<le many contra-dictory statements, as did his wife andall his witnesses, the accused weredischarged, and the whole affairshown to have l>een a vile consi)uaryto blacken the name and fame of theOrange Order.

E." 11 180u till 18:0, or even a liitlolatei, there were many disturbing po-litical issues raised. The (luesiion ofremoving certain civil di.sabilties oiRoman Catholics, and of admitting tohigh offices in the army men of thatcreed, were long discussed, the lead-ing members of the Order holding (hatonly thf)se of undoubted loyalty shouldbe in any place of trust. In iH()7 aRoman Catholic committee was formedin Dublin, with Lord Fingal at itshead, and in connection with this coin-mittee we first see Dan O'Connell i e-fore the public. One of his very ear-liest declarations was that under theUnion and King Ireland had |)rosperedmore than at any other time in herhistory. This year aKso is famous asthat in which the Roman CatholicBishops declared that no foreignpotentate had any control over them.They have altered their tune sincethen.

In KiikIiiihI dimI McoIIiiimI.

Wc have seen how the Order faredin Ireland, so now we turn to themovements in I<!ngland and Scotland.During the troubles of 17D7-98, andup till 1803, and even later, there weremany English and Scotch militia regi-ments in Ireland, and as was the caseLn 1C88-93, the Orange spirit was strongin the ranks, and no wonder. These.soldiers found the Orangemen andProtestants invaria 'e on the side ofpea.ce and good order, and the otherinvariable rule, was to find the law-less rebels—Roman Catholics. Woknow that on November 23rd, 180^,Lord Stanley's First Regimant of La .-

cashiro Militia was in Manchester withOrange warrant No. 220. It is still

in a healthy condition. The same yearNo. 1120 was in Col. Silvester's Volun-teers, lying in Manchester. LordWilton's corps of Volunteers had awarrant in 1802. That large andbrave Volunteer corps, the AncientBritons, raised by Col. Watklns, Wm.Wj'nn, in Lancashire and Cheshire, wascomr:o?«d of Orangemen. The Volun-teers which .loined the 11th Regimentat Chelmsford all wore Orange favors,Military lodges existed also at Old-ham Bnrv and other places. On July12th, 1807, the civilian Orangemen ofManchester, whilst on parade, wereassaulted by the Roman Catholics, and

JI,.

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mil! i

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I

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;

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35

r, 18. Gee20, Dob

*>Jo. 2) wasV as 1800,plicate of\ of thethe townlars laternumbers,

lad spread

England,iber 23rd,nonumentI'athedral.vas madefor Grandsuccessful,er raisedand theresigned

ice. The2nd, 1821.I Duke of' a ques-range ob-le ablest1 a merethe obli-kv undert whichsocieties,

angemen.and wasstirementappoint-rlanH, in

Masterlyon, the

Ireland,e condi-natisfac-us flowinst the•arefacedel theycral sec-and theorgani-leir ut-Order.

h everylar, butnd onener was

wereof thistrations

net 'ii

mnated:ns andIs "Be-idge of

allegiance in the Marksman's obli-

gation.The Threshers, the Carders, and

other secret societies were still atwork committing crimes, and the Kid-

man Catholic Committee in Dublin wasbusy charging these crimes to theOrangemen. The Threshers, and otherlawless gangs, however, came so to

the front that even Roman Catholicpriests like Father McMuUen, of

Loughinisland, denounced them, andhad not a word to say against theOrangemen. At Ballynahirch andGarvagh a handful of Orangemenrouted hundreds of Threshers andthreshed them soundly.In iLlt the Ribbonmen appeared, and

the story was then set about thatthe Orangemen had taken an oath to

extirpate the Roman Catholics. Togive a show of truth to the libel,

the famous, or we should rather say,

infamous. Poltiglass pedlar's yarn wasset afloat. It was told that a manhad been thrust out of the Order andsecretly made away with, because herefused to take an oath to extirpateRomanists. The whole exlirpatoryconspiracy was shown to l>e the workof Roman Catholics, and of those whohoped to gain money or position byaiding the enemies of the Order.In Parliament, too, the Order had

been assailed by Sir Henry Parnell,but ably defended by Sir Robert Peel.

The question of orders or degrees otherthan Orange and Marksman was nowbecoming troublesome, and on Novem-ber 20th, 1817, a great convention of

the Order was held in Dublin, whenthe following resolutions wereadopted :

—

"Resolved—That the only originalorders of the Institution are, theOrange and Purple."

"Resolved—That the Orange Order,as improved in the year 1800, is suf-

ficiently perfect, and requires no al-

ternative whatever.''

A committee was appointed to dealwith errors which had crept into thePurple Degree. The committee com-pleted its work, and reported on the24th. In addition to correcting theerrors in the Purple Degree, it wasrecommended that greater care beexercised in admitting membrs, andthat the minutes of Grand Lodge beprinted for circulation among mem-bers at large. The Grand Lodge meton the 24th and adopted the com-mittee's report.At a rtteeting of the Grand Lodge

held on the 28th, it was ordered thatthe old rules and regulations be with-

drawn and replaced by new ones to

be issued, embodying the labors of

the committee. In this edition theMarksman's obligation is again pub-lished. The other changes were therestoration of the original Orange ob-ligation, an i a better arrangement of

the rules. In this year there were noviolent attacks on the Order, and thiswas due no doubt to the tact that its

enemies thought the Order would soondie. The Grand Lodge officers at anyrate had no thought of this, for theyissued new '•'warrants and took othersteps to increase and strengthen theOrder. A distinguished mc; of theOrder died this year. This *s SirRichard Musgrave, Bart., Gran Treas-urer. The sad event occurred onApril 7th. Deceased was an ablewriter a distinguished politician anda true and patriotic Orangeman. Hfe

was born in 1757.

The 12th of July anniversaries werenot of much account in 1818, and theonly assault on the Orangemen wasat Kllrea, in County Tyrone. In 181J)

a spirit of lethargy was again evi-

dent, but this was only for a time.

W»r\i «»r Traitors.

For the second time the secret signsand passwords were made public in

Carrick's Journal, a Roman Catholicpaper. The fact was that some RomanCatholics had joined the Order, andgave these things to the Journal. Todeal with this and other matters theGrand Lodge met on January 10th,1820, in Dublin, to consider the ques-tion of new signs and passwords. Thosepresent were : General Archdale, M.P.,Grand Master ; Alderman A. B. King,D.G.M.; Captain Cottingham, GrandTreasurer; Capt. Kortcn Grand Secre-tary ; Wm. Stokes, D.G. Treasurer ; theRev. John Graham, Grand Chaplain.The following committee was ap-

pointed to revise the rules and regu-lations: Alderman Kin?, Capt. Norton,Capt. Cottingham, Capt. Fitzsimmons,Lieut.-Col. Blacker, Joseph Greer, R.Westenra, Capt. M. F. Johnson, Coun-sellor Fitzsimmons, Joseph Thetford,Robert Duncan, and Lord ViscountMount Morris. This committee de-liberated four days, and then broughtin an able and exhaustive report. Itre-affirmed the necessity for simplicityin the forms and regulations, denounc-ed innovations and made several sugges-tions for improvements in the govern-ing system of the Order. The reportwas unanimously adopted by the GrandLodge. The general declaration andqualifications were retained as origin-ally drawn, am' in the new obligation

36

the Orangeman boun.l himself to befaithful, and bear true allegiance tothe King, to support and maintain theLaws and Constitution of the UnitedKingdoms of (..rant i'ritain an 1 [lelaT^d,

and the succession to the throne in his

Majesty's Illustrious House being Pro-testants.

A new clause was added under v. Inchmembers were pledged to assist themagistrates in the discharge of their

official duties whenever called uponto do so.

In the Purple obligation an impor-tant addition was made. It reads as

follows: "And that I will not make orassist at, nor sanction the making of

any member in any other order, pur-porting to be part of the Orange sys-

tem than the Orange and Purple,which are the original orders of theOrange Institution."

This clause was ur course directly

aimed at the new orders which ^vere

creeping in, and a further clause pro-

hibited "the wearing of the regalia or

colors of any other order in an Orangelodge.The principal change in the rules

governing the Constitution of the

Grand Lodge was that which reducedthe elective body from thirty-one to

twenty-one. It was decided that the

Grand Lodge should meet half-yearly

instead of quarterly, or often as had

been the custom before.

The Grand Lodge of England sent

Grand Secretary Woodburne to Dub-lin to secure the new work. It v as

also arranged that Mr. E. L. Swift

should act as Grand Secretary for Ire-

land, within the jurisdiction of Eng-land. The death of George III. broughtCapt. Cottingham to London with anaddress of condolence to the Royalfamily from Irish Orangemen. Theaddress was graciously received andacknowledged. The visit of Capt. Cot-

tineham to London gave further oppor-

. tunities for drawing the relati'ins of

the two Grand Lodges closer together.

Divided 4'oiiiisolH.

The opposition in Ireland to the

Grand Lodge rules and regulations,

more especially those so rigidly bar-

ing out the other orders, was strongest

in Armagh City and County. TheCounty Grand Lodge met in June of

1820, to support the Grand Lodge of

Ireland, and on the same day the op-

ponents of the new Constitution also

met. There were present Thos. Seaver,

D.M., Carnbugh; Harry Sling, D.M.,

Armagh ; Robert Maxwell, D.M.,

Keady ; John Simpson, D.M., Newton-

hamilton ; and Richard Warrington,D.D.M., Newtonhamilton.These men claimed that the original

founders of the Society recognizedother orders and degrees than theOrange and Purple. To a certain ex-tent they evidently did so at first,bui in 1798 all were excluded but thetwo named, so that in leas than threeyears alter the Diamond had beenfought and won these other orderswere barred out.In 1821 the secret signs and pass-

words were again made i)ublic, owingno doubt to some Roman Catholic get-ting into the Order as had l;een thecase previously. The Grand T>odgevery promptly changed them, hut ow-ing to the continuance of dissensionso\er the orders, and to the fact thatmany thousands of the Yeomanry, al-niosi all of whom were Orangemen,had l;een called to arms the Society wasat a low ebb in many places.The first surrentler of the Orangemen

of Dublin to the Roman Catholics wasin July, 1821, and that, too, with Aid.King, D.G.M. of the Order, in theMayor's chair. At the city l)anquet,in honor of George the Fourth's Cor-onation, the Mayor presided, and Lordr'ingal. President of the Roman Catho-lic Union, occupied the vice-chair.Dan O'Connell was present and madeone of his "blarney" speeches. TheLord Mayor decided to have no pro-cession or decorations on Protestantanniversaries, hut he reckoned withouthis host, for the statue of King Wil-liam was decorated as usual.The time-serving action of Mayor

King did not prevent a great displayof loaylty on Coronation Day, andshortly after the Orange Corporationof Dublin proceeded to London to pre-sent an address to King George, for-merly Duke of York, on his accensionto the throne. The procession oi theDuVilin Corporation to the palace wasperhaps the most unique ever seen inLondon up to that time. There hadof course been grander ones, but thiswas an Orange City Council, going toexpress the fealty of the City of Dub-lin to the Crown. In this processionthe Lord Mayor occupied the firstcarriage, which was followed by an-other carriage, bearing the city keys,the mace and sword, and attended bytwelve footmen in livery, and thehorses decorated with orange and blueribbon. The sheriff's carriage deco-rated the same w^ay, came next, follow-ed by another carriage, many of themalso decorated.The deputation was graciously re-

ceived and presented a strong Protest-

Id

III

:n

It

IK

ant address, to which the King madea favorable reiily, in which he slatedhe iinew Orangemen would ever boready to defend the Crown and Con-si itution.

In August of the same year KingGeorge reached Ireland, and landed atKingston, then called Dumleary. Hewas cordially welcomed, Dan O Connelljoining in the reception, and was ten-dered a great banquet in Dublin. Thefamiliar toast of'William and Mary,of Immortal Memory," was not on theofficial programme, but after theKing, and Mayor King left, the com-pany asked Aid. Beresi'ord to give thetime-honored toast, and, on his refus-ing to do so, Aid. Darley gave it. It

was vociferously cheered, and after-wards the Roman Catholic Union ra's-ed a great fuss over the matter.The Grand Lodge of Ireland held its

regular meeting on the 13th of August.Those present included: Earl O'Meil,KP., Grand Master; Lieut.-Col. Black-tingham, Grand Treasurer ; Capt. Nor-ton, Grand Secretary ; Mr. D. F.Ryan, Deputy Grand Secretary ; Mr.\Vm. Stoker. Deputy Grand Treasur-er ; and the Rev. John Grs am. GrandChaplain. The visit of the Sovereignto Ireland was hailed with delight,and the Grand Lodge renewed their de-clarations of loyalty to the Crownand Constitution.

More Sei'vllHy.

In 1822 "Jack" Lawless and DanO'Connell demanded that the 12th ofJuly demonstrations should cease inDublin. The Viceroy issued a procla-mation forbidding the decorations andprocessions. The loyal Orangemen,hoAvever, completed the decorations.The mottoes were "Fear God, Honorthe King,' "On the. Lord's Day theDebtor shall go Free."The demonstrations elsewhere were

very successful. In Glasgow 127 menwere in the procession. Seven lod.nres

were represented ; five from the city,

one from Paisley and one from T'ol-

lockshaws. They were assaulted bythe Roman Catholics, but the magis-trates insisted on protecting them,calling out soldiers for the purpose.In September the Grand Lodge of

Ireland met to discuss the questionof processions and banquets on No-ember 4th and 5th. The Grand

Lodge decided to leave the matter to

the decision of each lodge. On theday the Mayor of Dublin was swornin the civic banquet followed. MayorFleming's motto was, "Deeds WillTell." City Sheriff Thorpe was swornin the same day, and hia motto was,

"i had Rather Die than be Disgraced.'All the I'rotestant toasts were left outof the programme, but the sheriff withother loyal citizens present, gavethem as usual.On October 2»th the Mayor and

magistrates of Dublin issued anorder prohibiting the decoration orKing William's statue, but forty-eight members of the City Councilmet on Saturday, October 31st, andprotested, and early on the morningof November 4th an attempt, par-tially successful, was male to decorateas usual, but the police and .soldiersprevented its completion. Graduallythe clutch of Rome was tightening onIreland's capital, and thus was beinglaid the sure foundations for futuretroubles. Orangemen were oftencharged with bigotry and partizan-ship ; names easily hurled by men who.having no arguments to use, fling foulaccusations instead. Testimony to thefairness of the Orange Order cameat this time from a strange quarter.For it is worthy of note that theRoman Catholic Bishop of Kildare andLoughlin, the Rev. James Doyle, D.D.,issued an address telling his flock tolive at peace with their neighbors,testifying to the law-abiding conductof the Orangemen, and pointing outthat the behavior of many of his peo-ple was not in accordance with theirprofession of faith.

More Tnniblo.

The incessant attack of the enemiesof the Order, joined with the slavishdesire of politicians to curry favorwith Rome, brought increased troubleto the Society in Ireland, and the at-tacks led to defensive measures by themembers. In 1823 Aid. King, the tem-porising Mayor of Dublin, now analderman again, appeared at the Parof the House of Commons and deliv-ered an able and eloquent plea in de-fense of the Order. For his splendidsleech on that occasion he deservesto be held in grateful memory. Thetroubles did not grow less, but in-ore;ised, for the repeal agitation wasbrewing. Although the Grand Lodgeof Ireland and the Order there wasunder a cloud, so far as it was pos-sible for the truth to be put under,the Grand Lodge of England was infull operation and aided that of Ire-land to the utmost of its power. LordLiverpool, the Premier, and his IlomeSecretary, Lord Sidmouth, were bothanxious .towards the end of their terraof office at any rate, to encourage the.spread of the Order.When in 1827 the Duke of Cumberland

I

.ss

was elected Grand Master of England,he appointed as hi'- Deputy for Eng-land Lord Kenyon, the faithful worker,and for Scotland, the Duke of Gordon.The Grand Chaplain was the Bishopof Salisbury, Grand Treasurer, LordChandos, M.P., and Col. Fletcher,Grand Secretary.The political enemies of the Order

had been incessant in their attacks,and in 1835 an inquiry was held bya Committee of the House of Commonsinto the working of the Order andother societies. Its enemies did theirvery best to make it appear that theOrange Order was the cause of thecontinued strife in Ireland, and wascausing divisions even in Englandand Scotland. All the leading membersof the Society in both countries, aswell as its known and open foes, werecalled before the Commission, but notthe secret Jesuit libellers. Many in-

dependent witnesses also testified. Themass of evidence gathered fills sev-

eral large volumes, but to the im-partial reader it was made abundant-ly clear that the members of the Orderwere a peaceful, law-abiding class,

who could always be relied upon_ to

support the Crown and Constitution,

In discussing the events which led

up to this Commission of Inquiry, oneor two facts should be borne in mind.In 1828 Dan O'Connell was elected forClare, but could not take his seatuntil "Catholic Emancipation" waspassed in 1829, that is until it becamelegal for Roman Catholics to sit in

Parliament. This law was carried dur-ing the Premiership of the great Dukeof Wellington, aided by his Conserva-tive colleagues and reform allies. Thepassage of the measure allowed theDuke of Norfolk to take his seat asthe first Roman Catholic peer in theUnited Parliament of Britain and Ire-

land, and his successor is the presentRoman Catholic Postmaster-General in

Lord Salisbury's Cabinet.

!!iHH|MMi.sl»ii or <>rilll<l IjO<Ik«>H.

With Roman Catholic Emancipationcame demands for the restoration of

the Irish Parliament, and these de-mands werej by men, many of whom hadthirty or thirty-five years before clam-oured for its abolition. In tiiis stateof popular excitement, when the twopolitical parties were eager to securethe Roman Catholic vote, the Com-mission referred to was granted, andit recommended the dissolution of theOrder. King William IV. in his de-sire for peace, one might say peaceat any price, asked the Grand Lodgesto suspend operations. The Grand

Lodge of England did so in 1836,and in April of the same year theGrand Lodge of Ireland held a specialmeeting in Dublin. The meeting last-ed three days, and at the close de-cided to suspend operations untilhappier days dawned. For nine yearsthe members of the Order kept trueto their obligations without charteror other bond of union than that ofloyalty to the principles 'hey pro-fessed. They suffered in silence, butin 1845 the ban was removed, and fromthat day until the present moment theOrder has gone on in a strong, steadysweep, until it now circles the uni-verse. To those who talk of its sus-pension in 1836, as that of the sup-pression of a disloyal organization, ouranswer is the evidence before the Com-mission, and the names of a few ofits leading officers that year. Theselatter were the Duke of Cumberland,the King's brother, who was the GrandMaster of the Order, Grand Chaplain,the Bishop of Salisbury ; Deputy GrandMasters, the Earl of Enniskillen, Col.Verner, M.P., Robt. Hedges, Esq., Earlof Longford, Viscount Mandeville, M.P., Earl of Roden, Earl of Bathdown,Lord Ely, Lord Farnham, the Marquisof Thormond, Viscount Powerscourt,Viscount Cole, and Hon, R. E. Plunket.There were then twenty Grand Lodges,eighty District Lodges, and fifteenhundred Primary Lodges in Irelandalone, and a large membership in P]ng-land, Scotland, and a fair beginninghad been made in Canada.In 1847, that is two years after the

revival of the Order, the death of DanO'Connell took place at Genoa, as hew^as journeying to Rome. He left hisheart to the Pope, but he left to hiscountry a legacy of strife and hatred,which seems never likely to die out,so long as the people follow Dan's ex-ample and leave their hearts in thekeeping of Rome.Now we have brought the History

of the Order up to our own times,and it would be a pleasant task towrite another volume detailing theevents from 1845 up till to-day. Thatmust, however, be deferred for a fewmonths. The battle of Dolly's Brae,on July 12th, 1845>, and many othersin which the Orangemen of Irelandtaught their assailants valuable les-sons, the assaults on English Orange-men in Liverpool, Manchester, Boltonand elsewhere, the wild fights m Glas-gow, Airdree and Coatbridge, m Scot-land, the New York riots of July 12th,1871, when sixty people lost their lives,owing to the action of a lawless gangof Romanists, the troubles in Aus-

II

'«

39

if

tralia and elsewhere, all Leaching thesame lesson that Rome hates freedom,hates its champions, and does notscruple at the means she takes to at-

tack them—shall be written ere,

long.The Order was introduced to this

country about 182^, and the story of

its rise and progress is to be told

by the Grand Lodge of British NorthAmerica, m accordance with a decision

come to some years ago.It may he well to state here that

the obligation taken in the UnitedStates is of course one of unswervingloyalty to that country, and there areho more loyal and law-abiding i;eo-

ple within the Union than the Orange-men who, in the dark days of therebellion and in other times of trouble,fought, and died like heroes for theStar-Spangled Banner.

* • • • *

My present task is ended. With all

its shortcomings, I send this little

volume forth with the hope that everyreader may be encouraged and inspiredby reading it, as I have been by writ-ing it, to try and labor still morefaithfully than heretofore in thedischarge of his duties as a citizen.

At a time when in Britain the twogreat political parties are offeringl)ribes to the Church of Rome for herinfluence, when in Canada that Churchwields a power dangerous to the peaceand progress of the Dominion, whenwe see the Municipalities, States, andFederal Governments of the UnitedStates too often the tools of thepriests, and when in Australia andelsewhere organizations are foundfor the purpose of denying the civil

rights of the loyal Orangemen, it is

surely time for us to break everypolitical tie and unite to secure thetriumph of civil and religious libertyand the downfall of clericalism.

n

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