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Why Not “The Future of the Internet”?
• We always miss the latest application trends:• P2P, Web 2.0, YouTube, etc.
• We focus on underlying infrastructure (IP, etc.)• Building a network that can support the next big thing without knowing what it is in advance
• Our record of research impact is mixed
Recent Impact of Networking Research
• Better technologies: optical, wireless, switches
• Better understanding: measurement, theory
• Incrementally deployable: AFD, TFRC, IDS
• Radical architectural innovation: none
Why have we failed?
Failure of Need?
• Many think the current Internet architecture will never be sufficiently secure or reliable
• Must also deal with many new requirements:• Ubiquitous embedded sensors• Optical switching• New wireless technologies• ……..
Failure of Imagination?
• Many promising ideas in the literature
• New ideas being floated in every conference
• Some are “clean-slate” redesigns of the Internet
Failure of Deployment?
• Not really…..
• Even if we were put in charge of the Internet, we wouldn’t know what new architecture to adopt!
Failure of Evaluation!
• Conferences are littered with promising proposals
• But we can’t tell the good ideas from the bad• Because we never see them in operation• Evaluations: simulation and toy-deployments
• Architecture is no longer an experimental science• It has become science fiction
The Research Cycle
Design Simulation / Emulation Experiment At Scale
Deployment
(code)
(results)
(measurements)
A Piece is Missing!
What About Traditional Testbeds?
• Production testbeds: • Can’t try radical experiments
• Experimental testbeds: • No real users• Not much better than simulation
• Both kinds of testbeds:• Only one experiment at a time• Limited to sites directly connected to testbed
• Hard to program
What We’d Really Like
• Usable by many experiments simultaneously
• Easily programmable
• Can experiment on any level (optical to apps)
• Users can “opt-in” even from remote locations
• Reasonably large scale
Be Careful What You Ask For…..
• NSF is proposing to build a large experimental facility for networking research
• GENI: Global Environment for Network Innovations
• Funded by NSF’s Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction (MREFC) account
• This would be computer science’s first MREFC
GENI Design Principles
• GENI is comprised of network resources• Links, nodes, subnets,…
• Resources are virtualizable and programmable• Can be partitioned among many researchers
• Can implement radical new designs
• Researchers can program GENI at any level of abstraction• Optical, IP, application,….
GENI Design Principles (cont’d)
• Wide variety of networking technologies• Optical, wireless, sensors, phones,…
• Large-scale (~25 PoPs)
• Users can access GENI through overlay
This is PlanetLab on Steroids!
GENI Will Enable Us To…
• Experiment at scale
• 1000s of simultaneous experiments
• Long-running services (operational experience)
• Integrate our designs
Process
• GENI still undergoing evaluation and review
• Soonest funding in 2009
• Relevant bodies:• Interim planning group• GENI Science Council• GENI Project Office (bid not awarded yet)
• What about the research on GENI?
NSF Funding Architectural Research
• NSF’s Future InterNet Design (FIND) Program
• Funding “clean-slate” research• No constraints on backwards compatibility
• Effort being coordinated by David Clark
Example Ideas
• Accountable and diagnosable Internet
• Data-oriented pub/sub Internet
• Internet without addresses (only names)
• Secure enterprise networks
• Super-robust routing algorithms
Clean-Slate as Means, Not End
• No one expects direct adoption of radical ideas
• It is the ideas that will have impact
Clean-slate designs Insights Better Internet
Herding Cats
• Facility and funding are not enough• Community must work together
• Architecture is not simple sum of 300 papers• Product of synthesis and collaboration
• FIND’s goal is to have community eventually develop a “few” coherent architectures
What Does This Mean for Us?
Two important changes:
• From science fiction to engineering• More experimental focus, enabled by GENI
• From publish-or-perish PIs to community effort• Drive towards coherent architecture
This is the future of Internet reseach!