The fall of great empires and the

arrive of the Conquistadors :

Who are the Triangles?

The fall of great empires and the

arrive of the Conquistadors :

Who are the Triangles?

Play while students are entering http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/video

s

Play while students are entering http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/video

s

ConquistadorConquistador

Conquistador: Spanish explorers and conqueror

Conquistador: Spanish explorers and conqueror

The AztecThe Aztec

Call themselves Mexica (x makes a sh sound)

Poor nomadic people Wander around and get kicked out of places Become soldiers for hire God of war Huitzilopochtli tells them to

found a city of their own

Call themselves Mexica (x makes a sh sound)

Poor nomadic people Wander around and get kicked out of places Become soldiers for hire God of war Huitzilopochtli tells them to

found a city of their own

Tells the Mexica to look for aneagle perched on a cactusholding a snake

They find this on a small islandin Lake Texcoco

Found their city there and name it Tenochtitlan

No other groups really care -it’s a bad place to live

TenochtitlanTenochtitlan

The Mexica begin to better their city Drain marshes Bring in irrigation Build chinampas - floating gardens Add land to their island

The Mexica begin to better their city Drain marshes Bring in irrigation Build chinampas - floating gardens Add land to their island

The Triple AllianceThe Triple Alliance

Aztecs form alliance with two other city-states surrounding Lake Texcoco

Texcoco Tlacopan Early 1500’s - empire of 80,000 square

miles, 38 provinces, 5-15 million people

Aztecs form alliance with two other city-states surrounding Lake Texcoco

Texcoco Tlacopan Early 1500’s - empire of 80,000 square

miles, 38 provinces, 5-15 million people

Building an EmpireBuilding an Empire

Aztecs use war machine to conquer Loose political control Demand tribute - gold, maize, cacao beans,

cotton, jade Use military as a punishment

Aztecs use war machine to conquer Loose political control Demand tribute - gold, maize, cacao beans,

cotton, jade Use military as a punishment

ReligionReligion

Dominates life much like the Maya Worship gods such as Quetzalcoatl,

Huizilopochtli, Ehcatl, Xipe Totec Gods need blood to sustain life - huge

amounts of human sacrifice take place Need to conquer more lands to get more

captives for sacrifice - Flowery War Conquered nations not happy

Dominates life much like the Maya Worship gods such as Quetzalcoatl,

Huizilopochtli, Ehcatl, Xipe Totec Gods need blood to sustain life - huge

amounts of human sacrifice take place Need to conquer more lands to get more

captives for sacrifice - Flowery War Conquered nations not happy

Xipe TotecXipe Totec

Our Lord the Flayed One Very particular form of sacrifice demanded Gets the Aztec in big trouble early in their

history

Our Lord the Flayed One Very particular form of sacrifice demanded Gets the Aztec in big trouble early in their

history

Montezuma and Cortes

The Spanish ConquestThe Spanish Conquest

1519 - Cortes lands off eastern coast of Mexico with 550 soldiers and sailors

16 horses are there as well - first ones ever in the New World

Natives are not sure what to think - are these people gods or humans?

1519 - Cortes lands off eastern coast of Mexico with 550 soldiers and sailors

16 horses are there as well - first ones ever in the New World

Natives are not sure what to think - are these people gods or humans?

The ConquistadorsThe Conquistadors

Have steel swords Cannons Guns Horses

Have steel swords Cannons Guns Horses

Montezuma’s DilemmaMontezuma’s Dilemma

Montezuma is the Aztec emperor What should he do with newcomers Are they the return of Quetzalcoatl? Has to be cautious - sends gifts to them and

tells them not to bother traveling to Tenochtitlan

Conquistadors continue inland - sporadic fighting occurs

Montezuma is the Aztec emperor What should he do with newcomers Are they the return of Quetzalcoatl? Has to be cautious - sends gifts to them and

tells them not to bother traveling to Tenochtitlan

Conquistadors continue inland - sporadic fighting occurs

Quetzalcoatl was described to be a white skinned man with a beard

Cortez arrived during this celebration and looked like this god

Quetzalcoatl was described to be a white skinned man with a beard

Cortez arrived during this celebration and looked like this god

Montezuma Lets Them InMontezuma Lets Them In

He is too indecisive Allows the conquistadors into Tenochtitlan

and treats them as guests Conquistadors are shocked by what they see

- good and bad

He is too indecisive Allows the conquistadors into Tenochtitlan

and treats them as guests Conquistadors are shocked by what they see

- good and bad

  Cortez shocked by the human sacrifices said to get rid of destroy all ideals

Aztecs PO Cortez took Montezuma prisoner Cortez found out Aztec killed some of his

troops   Cortez order Montezuma to burn all the

soldiers involved in the attack were burned alive 

  Cortez shocked by the human sacrifices said to get rid of destroy all ideals

Aztecs PO Cortez took Montezuma prisoner Cortez found out Aztec killed some of his

troops   Cortez order Montezuma to burn all the

soldiers involved in the attack were burned alive 

Cortez was obsessed with the gold Aztec had their fill of the Spanish and ran

them out Aztec started to get small pox Spanish army reattached and conquered

80 days of a siege

Cortez was obsessed with the gold Aztec had their fill of the Spanish and ran

them out Aztec started to get small pox Spanish army reattached and conquered

80 days of a siege

Spanish RegroupSpanish Regroup

Conquistadors escape and regroup Take refuge with Tlaxcalan allies Attack Tenochtitlan again Divide conquistadors up and have a flotilla

attack all at once Aztec are defeated

Conquistadors escape and regroup Take refuge with Tlaxcalan allies Attack Tenochtitlan again Divide conquistadors up and have a flotilla

attack all at once Aztec are defeated

INCASINCAS

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-inca-civilization-pre-columbian-south-america.html

http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-rise-of-the-incas

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-inca-civilization-pre-columbian-south-america.html

http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-rise-of-the-incas

ExploringExploring

Spain explored from California to Florida Juan Ponce de Leon

searched

Legend of youthful water-never found DARN!

Spain explored from California to Florida Juan Ponce de Leon

searched

Legend of youthful water-never found DARN!

http://images4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20081102125950/pirates/images/d/d6/Juan_Ponce_de_Leon.jpg

ExploringExploring

DeSoto: searched the Southeast for gold He died

Francisco Coronado: explored the southwest Lots of native resistance

DeSoto: searched the Southeast for gold He died

Francisco Coronado: explored the southwest Lots of native resistance

Settling New SpainSettling New Spain

Conquistadors were bad rulers at first

Three types of settlements Pueblos:towns; centers of trade Presidios: forts were soldiers

lived Missions: religious settlements

run by Catholic priests

Conquistadors were bad rulers at first

Three types of settlements Pueblos:towns; centers of trade Presidios: forts were soldiers

lived Missions: religious settlements

run by Catholic priests

Social ClassesSocial Classes Haciendas: Large land tracts

Given to Peninsulares

Haciendas: Large land tracts Given to Peninsulares

Who is going to work land?Who is going to work land? Ecomiendas: land

grants that included the right to demand labor or taxes from Natives Social class system

Start of Atlantic Slave Trade

Ecomiendas: land grants that included the right to demand labor or taxes from Natives Social class system

Start of Atlantic Slave Trade

http://9f1780.medialib.glogster.com/media/357a382c1179f7959ec74b2cad93b88e83ab76aa467b610834dd186df1f57797/social-classes.jpg

Social ClassesSocial Classes

Peninsulares: born in Spain, highest jobs in gov & Church

Creoles: people born in the Americas to Spanish parents

Mestizos: Mixed Spanish & Indian

Labor (enslaved & Natvies)

Peninsulares: born in Spain, highest jobs in gov & Church

Creoles: people born in the Americas to Spanish parents

Mestizos: Mixed Spanish & Indian

Labor (enslaved & Natvies)