The EN Eurocodes and the role of CEN/TC 250 - IPSC - JRCelsa.jrc.ec.europa.eu/eurocodes2006/pdf/pres060.pdf · zwas charged with the conversion of the ENV-Eurocodes into EN-Eurocodes

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Workshop - 27-29 November 2006, Varese, Italy

EUROCODESBuilding the Future

Workshop Workshop ““EUROCODES: Building the Future in EUROCODES: Building the Future in the Eurothe Euro--Mediterranean AreaMediterranean Area””

The EN The EN EurocodesEurocodes and the role of and the role of CEN/TC 250CEN/TC 250

Varese, November 27Varese, November 27--29 , 200629 , 2006

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst J. BossenmayerChairman CEN/TC 250

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Eurocodes Eurocodes –– European Codes European Codes forfor ActionsActions and Design of and Design of

WorksWorks

• Unified international codes of practice for the design• Framework

for product specifications• Improvement of

competitiveness of industry

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The

Euroco

EUROCODESEUROCODES

Consistency and Transparency

between design and products

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EUROCODESEUROCODESCommon basisCommon basis

•• For research and For research and developmentdevelopment

•• For preparation of For preparation of common design common design aids and softwareaids and software

•• For specifying For specifying works contracts works contracts and servicesand services

es’

benefi

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EUROCODESEUROCODES

Common Common understandingunderstandingbetween:between:

The

Eurocode

- owners,- operators,- users,- designers,- contractors,- construction

product- manufacturers

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EurocodesEurocodes –– Harmonization in the sense of the CPDHarmonization in the sense of the CPDConstruction Products Directive (CPD)

Essential Requirements (ER) for Buildings

Resistance to Fire (ER2)Mechanical Resistance+Stability (ER1)

EurocodesEN 199X-y-z

- Product Standards (hEN)- European Technical Approvals (ETA)

Common Unified Design Codes for Construction Works (Voluntary)

Harmonized Technical Specifications for Construction Products (Compulsory)

Mandates of the European Commission to CEN

Mandates of the European Commission to CEN and EOTA

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EurocodesEurocodes –– Programme (1)Programme (1)CEN/TC 250 –Structural Eurocodes

was charged with the conversion of the ENV-Eurocodes into EN-Eurocodes

Subcommittees (SC), supported by Project Teams (PT), have elaborated 10 EN-Eurocodes having 58 parts and common unified contents lists

EN-Eurocodes cover basis of design, loading, design rules for different materials, geotechnical design and seismic design

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EurocodesEurocodes –– Programme (2)Programme (2)

EN 1990 - Basis of structural designEN 1991 - Actions on structuresEN 1992 - Design of concrete structuresEN 1993 - Design of steel structuresEN 1994 - Design of composite steel and

concrete structuresEN 1995 - Design of timber structuresEN 1996 - Design of masonry structuresEN 1997 - Geotechnical designEN 1998 - Design provisions for earthquake

resistance of structuresEN 1999 - Design of aluminium structures

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EUROCODESBuilding the Future StructureStructure of Eurocodesof Eurocodes

ExampleExample EC 3 EC 3

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List of List of EurocodesEurocodes58 EurocodeEurocode parts + Annex A.2 to EN 1990 published parts + Annex A.2 to EN 1990 published

beginning of 2007beginning of 2007• EN 1990 Basis of structural design• EN 1990 Basis of structural design - Annex A.2 Bridges

• EN 1991-1-1 Actions on structures – Self weight & imposed loads

• EN 1991-1-2 Actions on structures – Fire• EN 1991-1-3 Actions on structures – Snow loads• EN 1991-1-4 Actions on structures – Wind actions• EN 1991-1-5 Actions on structures – Thermal Actions• EN 1991-1-6 Actions on structures – Execution• EN 1991-1-7 Accidental actions• EN 1991-2 Actions on structures – Traffic loads on bridges • EN 1991-3 Actions – Cranes and machinery • EN 1991-4 Actions on structures – Silos and tanks

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List of List of EurocodesEurocodes• EN 1992-1-1 Design of concrete structures – General requirements• EN 1992-1-2 Design of concrete structures – Fire design• EN 1992-2 Design of concrete structures - Bridges • EN 1992-3 Concrete – Liquid retaining

• EN 1993-1-1 Design of Steel structures – General requirements• EN 1993-1-2 Design of Steel structures – Fire design • EN 1993-1-3 Steel – Cold thin gauge members • EN 1993-1-4 Steel – Structures in stainless • EN 1993-1-5 Steel -- Strength planar plated• EN 1993-1-6 Steel – Shell structures • EN 1993-1-7 Steel – Out of plane • EN 1993-1-8 Design of Steel structures - Design of joints • EN 1993-1-9 Design of Steel structures- Fatigue strength • EN 1993-1-10 Design of Steel structures – Mat. toughness

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List of List of EurocodesEurocodes• EN 1993-1-11 Steel – Tension components • EN 1993-1-12 Steel– HSS

• EN 1993-2 Steel -- Bridges • EN 1993-3-1 Steel – Towers and masts • EN 1993-3-2 Steel -- Chimneys • EN 1993-4-1 Steel – Silos• EN 1993-4-2 Steel – Tanks• EN 1993-4-3 Steel – Pipelines• EN 1993-5 Steel – Piling• EN 1993-6 Steel – Crane supporting structures

• EN 1994-1-1 Design of composite structures – General req.• EN 1994-1-2 Design of composite structures – Fire design• EN 1994-2 Design of composite structures – Bridges

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List of List of EurocodesEurocodes• EN 1995-1-1 Design of timber structures – General requirements• EN 1995-1-2 Design of timber structures – Fire design• EN 1995-2 Design of timber structures – Bridges

• EN 1996-1-1 Design of masonry structures – General requirements

• EN 1996-1-2 Design of masonry structures – Fire design

• EN 1996-2 Design of masonry structures– Selection & execution• EN 1996-3 Design of masonry structures– Simplified calculation

• EN 1997-1 Geotechnical design – General requirements• EN 1997-2 Geotechnical ground investigation

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List of List of EurocodesEurocodes• EN 1998-1 Design for earthquake resistance – Gen. req.• EN 1998-2 Design for earthquake resistance – Bridges• EN 1998-3 Design for earthquake resistance – Assess. and

retrofitting • EN 1998-4 Earthquake – Silos, tanks & pipelines• EN 1998-5 Design for earthquake resistance – Foundations• EN 1998-6 Design for earthquake resistance – Towers masts

• EN 1999-1-1 Aluminium – Common rules • EN 1999-1-2 Aluminium – Fire design • EN 1999-1-3 Aluminium – Fatigue • EN 1999-1-4 Aluminium –Trapezoidal sheeting• EN 1999-1-5 Aluminium – Shell structures

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Contents lists of Contents lists of EurocodesEurocodes (1)(1)• Foreword

• Background of Eurocode programme• Eurocode programme• Status and field of Application of Eurocodes• National Standards implementing Eurocodes• Links between Eurocodes and harmonized technical specifications• Additional information specific to EN 199x• National Annex for EN 199x

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Contents lists of Contents lists of EurocodesEurocodes (2)(2)• 1 General• Scope• Normative references• Assumptions• Distinction between Principles and Application Rules• Definitions• Symbols

• 2 Basis of design• Requirements• Principles of limit state design• Basic variables• Verification by the partial factor method• Design assisted by testing

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Contents lists of Contents lists of EurocodesEurocodes (3)(3)• 3 Materials• General• ((Specific properties))• 4 Durability• 5 Structural analysis• Modelling• Imperfections• Methods• 6 Ultimate limit states• 7 Serviceability limit states• 8 Detailing• Annexes—normative/informative

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EurocodesEurocodes

EN 1990 EN 1990 –– Basis of DesignBasis of Design

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EN 1990 – Basis of Structural Design– Basis and general principles for non-material-

related aspects of design and verification of structures including geotechnical aspects, fire design, earthquake design, execution and temporary structures

– Principles and requirements for safety, serviceability and durability of structures

– Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered

EN 1990 ScopeEN 1990 Scope

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Structures shall have adequate– structural resistance– serviceability– durability– robustnessStructures must not be damaged by– explosion– impact

EurocodesEurocodes –– Requirements (1)Requirements (1)

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Reliability required for structures shall be achieved by– appropriate design– appropriate execution and quality

management measuresDifferent levels of reliability may be adoptedWorking life should be specified in design

EurocodesEurocodes –– Requirements (2)Requirements (2)

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EurocodesEurocodes –– Limit State Design Limit State Design ﴾ ﴾11﴿

• Design based on structural and load models for relevant limit state

• Limit states must not be exceeded when relevant design values for actions material properties and geometrical data are used (partial factors included)

• Verifications for all relevant design situations and load cases

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Distinction shall be made between– Ultimate Limit States (ULS),– Serviceability Limit States (SLS)

Limit states shall be related to design situation (persistent, transient, accidental...)

EurocodesEurocodes –– Principles of Limit State Principles of Limit State Design (2)Design (2)

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Ultimate limit states concern:– Safety of people and/or– Safety of the structureVerification of the following ULS:– Loss of equilibrium– Failure by excessive deformation– Failure by fatigue or comparable effects


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Serviceability limit states concern:– Functioning under normal use– Comfort of people– AppearanceVerification for:– Deformation– Vibration– Other provisions


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Limit State of RuptureLimit State of Rupture::

Verification

Ed < Rd

where Ed is the design value of the effect of actions (e.g. moment)

Rd is the design value for the corresponding resistance.

Example Example –– Ultimate Limit State DesignUltimate Limit State Design

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{ }direpifSdd aFEE ;,,γγ= i > 1

where:

γSd is a partial factor taking account of uncertainties- in modelling the effects of actions- in some cases, in modelling the actions

γf is a partial factor for the action

Frep is the relevant representative value of the action

ad is the design value of the geometrical data

SpecificSpecific loadload casecase::Design Values for the Effect of ActionsDesign Values for the Effect of Actions

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{ }ikiiqkqpjkjgSdd QQPGEE ,,0,1,1,,, ;;; ψγγγγγ=Combinations of actions:Combinations of actions:

j > 1; i > 1

Design Values for the Effect of ActionsDesign Values for the Effect of Actions

Where:

γSd is a partial factor taking account of uncertainties- in modelling the effects of actions- in some cases, in modelling the actions

γg, P, q are partial factors for actions (permanent, prestressing, variable)

GK, P, QK are characteristic values of actions (permanent variable)

Ψo combination factor of variable actions

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⎪⎭

⎪⎬⎫

⎪⎩

⎪⎨⎧

= dim

iki

Rdd a

XRR ;1

,

,

γη

γi > 1

where:

γRd is a partial factor covering uncertainty in the resistance model, plus geometric deviations if these are not modelled explicitely

γm,i is the partial factor for the material property i

ad is the design value of the geometrical data

Xk,i is the characteristic value of material property i

η is the mean value of the conversion factor

Design ResistanceDesign Resistance

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EurocodesEurocodes

EN 1991 EN 1991 –– Actions on Actions on StructuresStructures

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Assessment of actions (loads) to be used in the structural designDensities, self-weight, imposed loads, traffic loads, snow, wind, fire, execution, accidental actions, actions from cranes and machinery, in silos and tanks

EN 1991EN 1991–– Actions on StructuresActions on Structures

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EurocodesEurocodes

EN 1992 EN 1992 –– 1999 1999 Material Related CodesMaterial Related CodesGeotechnical DesignGeotechnical DesignEarthquake DesignEarthquake Design

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EN 1992 to EN 1996 and EN 1999EN 1992 to EN 1996 and EN 1999

– Parts 1-1: General rules for design of works or products from the specific material

– Other parts: Supplementary rules for fire design and supplementary or complementary design for rules for bridges and other structures or products

EurocodesEurocodes –– ScopesScopes

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EN 1997 EN 1997 –– Geotechnical DesignGeotechnical Design

– Part 1: General rules for geotechnical aspects of the structural design of works, assessment of geotechnical data, design of foundations, piles, retaining structures

– Part 2:Requirements for execution, interpretation and use of laboratory and field tests

EurocodesEurocodes ScopesScopes

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EN 1998 EN 1998 –– Earthquake ResistanceEarthquake Resistance– Part 1: Complementary to EN 1991 - EN

1997 and EN 1999Requirements and rules for the assessment of seismic actions and for seismic design

– Parts 2, 4, 5, 6: Complementary design rules for bridges, silos, tanks and pipelines, geotechnical design, towers, masts and chimneys

– Part 3:Guidelines for strengthening and repair of existing structures

EurocodesEurocodes ScopesScopes

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EurocodesEurocodes

Implementation According to Implementation According to Guidance Paper LGuidance Paper L

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Guidance Paper LGuidance Paper LLiaison of TC 250 with Product TC‘s, EOTA WG´s and other “Design-TC”:

• mechanical properties of all structural products shall be determined on the same basis

• consistency of product standards and design codes shall allow for safe structures

• levels and classes of products shall correspond with Nationally Determined Parameters (NDP´s) of codes.

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Harmonization in the sense of the CPDHarmonization in the sense of the CPDConstruction Products Directive (CPD)

Essential Requirements (ER) for Buildings

Resistance to Fire (ER2)Mechanical Resistance+Stability (ER1)

EurocodesEN 199X-y-z

- Product Standards (hEN)- European Technical Approvals (ETA)

Common Unified Design Codes for Construction Works (Voluntary)

Harmonized Technical Specifications for Construction Products (Compulsory)

Mandates of the European Commission to CEN

Mandates of the European Commission to CEN and EOTA

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•EN 1992, EN 1994 and productstandards•EN 13670-Execution

•Annexes ZA to productstandards, based on: EN 13369-General rules forprecast concrete products•Products f.e. wall elements(EN 14992), precast stairs(EN 14843)

•EN 1992-xy, EN1994-xy•National Annexesto Eurocodes (NDP´s)

Basis forexecution

Bases for CE- markingBases forverification

•Prefabricated concrete orcomposite products•Concrete or composite kits

•Concretestructures•Composite structures

Execution of works and products

Design of productsDesign of works

Reference code forUseUse of Eurocode 2of Eurocode 2

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•Execution code EN 1090- 2

•Annexes ZA to productstandard EN 1090-1

•EN 1993-xy, EN1994-xy•National Annexes to Eurocodes (NDP´s)

Basis for executionBases for CE- markingBases forverification

•Prefabricated steel orcomposite products•Steel or composite kits

•Steel structures•Compositestructures

Execution of works and products

Design of productsDesign of works

Reference Code forUseUse of Eurocode 3of Eurocode 3

20

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Liaisons of TC 250 Liaisons of TC 250 withinwithin CENCEN• TC 50 Road lighting columns• TC 124 Timber products• TC 125 Masonry products• TC 129 Glass products• TC 135 Metallic products• TC 167 Structural bearings• TC 168 Ropes• TC 177 Prefabricated aerated concrete• TC 185 Threaded and unthreaded components• TC 226 Road equipment• TC 229 Precast concrete products• TC 340 Anti-seismic devices• ECISS

TC 10/19 Reinforcing steel

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Liaisons of TC 250 Liaisons of TC 250 withwith EOTAEOTA

• Timber frame building kits• Prefabricated stair kits• Three dimensional nailing plates• Stress skin panels• Shuttering hollow blocks• Post-tensioning systems• Road joints• Light composite wood-based beams• Internal partition kits• Self supporting translucent roof kits

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EurocodesEurocodes

National Implementation of National Implementation of EurocodesEurocodes

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National Implementation (1)National Implementation (1)Nationally Determined Parameters Nationally Determined Parameters

(NDP)(NDP)• Member States remain competent to maintain for

works their specific levels of protection concerning geographic, climatic and traditional conditions and safety.

• Eurocodes provide for National Choices full sets of recommended values, classes, symbols and alternative methods to be used as NDP´s.

• Eurocodes have passed the „Examination Period“to check adequacy of NDP´s to regulate works in Member States.

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National Implementation (2)National Implementation (2)

National Annex to National Annex to EurocodesEurocodes

The National Annex (NA) to each part of the Eurocodes may allow for National Choices as Nationally Determined Parameters, if foreseen in the relevant code.

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Content of National Annexes:Content of National Annexes:Values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the EurocodeValues to be used where a symbol only is given in the EurocodeCountry specific data (geographical, climatic, etc.), e.g. snow mapProcedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode

National Annexes may contain:National Annexes may contain:Decisions on the application of informative annexesReferences to non-contradictory complementary information

National Implementation (3)National Implementation (3)

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Functions for actioneffectsFunctions: GK(ρ)

QK1(υ)QK2(s)QKi(p)

Safety elements [National Decisions]ψoi-values regional combination factorγG-values partial factor to permanent loadξ-values reduction factor to γGγP-values partial factor to prestressγQ-values partial factor to variable load

Regional input values [National Decisions]ρ regional density, geometryυ regional wind speed, roughness etc.s regional snow fallp regional traffic

Design Values of ActionsDesign Values of Actions

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Single material property Xcharacteristic value xK

design value

partial factor γm

Product resistance Rcomprising various material properties and modeluncertainties

characteristic value RK=R(xK, ad)design value Rd=RK/γMpartial factor γM

m

Kd γ

xx =

Procedure for determining xK, γm, xdor RK, γM, Rd: EN 1990Annex D (test evaluation) in association withAnnex C (β-value, αR-value)

Material relatedcodesEN 1992

19931994etc.

Design Values of Resistance (1)Design Values of Resistance (1)

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EN199219931994etc.

Functions for resistance

RK(xK)

Safety elements[National Decisions]

γM-valuespartial factors

Design Values of Resistance (2)Design Values of Resistance (2)

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Wind zones

EurocodesEurocodes –– National National implementationimplementation

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Snow zones


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Earthquake zones


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Eurocodes Eurocodes –– FutureFutureOngoing: - Compulsory implementation of

harmonized product specifications (hEN, ETA)- Voluntary implementation of Eurocodes in

the EU-Member States: NSB are incorporating Eurocodes as national codes (BS EN 199x – yz) and drafting their National Annexes to EC

2006/2007: Member States will provide a dual code system of their ‚traditional‘ design codes and the Eurocodes until 2010

After 2010: Only Eurocodes will be used in the EU

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Eurocodes Eurocodes –– FutureFuture

•• ««EvolutionEvolution»» of of EurocodesEurocodes on the basis of theon the basis of theCommission Recommendation of 11 December 2003Commission Recommendation of 11 December 2003

(2003/887/EC), which gives recommendations to the Member States related to the implementation, use and development of theEurocodes.

•• Document CEN/TC 250 N 630 rev.4 is proposing future Document CEN/TC 250 N 630 rev.4 is proposing future procedures forprocedures for

- Maintenance- Harmonization (classification/reduction of NDP‘s)- Promotion (inside/outside EU)- Further development (corrections, removing gaps, new methods, use of new products)of the Eurocodes.

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EN 19904%

EN 199126%

EN 199216%

EN 199810%

EN 19996%

EN 19953%

EN 19944%

EN 19964%

EN 199321%

EN 19976%

EN 1990

EN 1991

EN 1992

EN 1993

EN 1994

EN 1995

EN 1996

EN 1997

EN 1998

EN 1999

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DraftDraft Action PlanAction PlanObjectivesObjectives PreferencPreferenc

eeSupportSupport ActivitiesActivities

InformationInformation RealizationRealization CoordinatioCoordinationn

1.1. MaintenanceMaintenance CEN/TC CEN/TC 250 and 250 and its its SCsSCs

JRC/JRC/ELSAELSA Member Member

States States throughthroughNational National

Authorities Authorities and/or and/or NSBsNSBs

CEN/TC 250 CEN/TC 250 and its and its SCsSCs

CEN/TC 250 CEN/TC 250 and its and its

Coordination Coordination Group (CG), Group (CG), Product Product TCsTCs, ,

and EOTAand EOTA

2.2. HarmonizationHarmonization ComCom--missionmission

JRCJRC CEN/CEN/TC 250TC 250

Member Member States States

throughthroughNational National


Commission Commission supported by supported by

JRC/ELSAJRC/ELSA


and CGand CG

3.3. PromotionPromotion ComCom--missionmission

JRCJRCCEN/CEN/

TC 250TC 250

Commission, Commission, NSBsNSBs and and


Commission Commission supported by supported by

JRC/ELSAJRC/ELSA


and CGand CG

4.4. FurtherFurtherdevelopmentdevelopment

CEN/TC CEN/TC 250 and 250 and its its SCsSCs

JRC/JRC/ELSAELSA Member Member

States States throughthroughNational National



with with European European Technical Technical Scientific Scientific

OrganisationOrganisation


CEN/TC 250 Structural Eurocodes Evolution of EN Eurocodes

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ExampleExample of of FurtherFurther DevelopmentDevelopmentNew Materials: Structural components made of glassNew Materials: Structural components made of glass

Workshop on EN Eurocodes 7 – 9 November 2005 Ispra

CEN/TC 250 Structural Eurocodes Evolution of EN Eurocodes

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Eurocodes will

provide liaison with other structural CEN/TCprovide design rules to be referred to in hENor ETAremove inconsistencies between Eurocodesand hEN/ETAserve as means to assess the “declaredvalues” given in CE-marking for structuralproducts

EurocodesEurocodes –– Building Codes for EuropeBuilding Codes for Europe

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Eurocodes will provide:

Common design criteria and methods for works and productsCommon understanding in the building sectorEasier exchange of construction servicesEasier marketing and use of structural productsCommon basis for education, research and developmentBetter competitiveness of construction sector

EurocodesEurocodes –– Building Codes for EuropeBuilding Codes for Europe

Documents

The EN Eurocodes and the role of CEN/TC 250 - IPSC - JRCelsa.jrc.ec.europa.eu/eurocodes2006/pdf/pres060.pdf · zwas charged with the conversion of the ENV-Eurocodes into EN-Eurocodes