The Effects of Class A Fire The Effects of Class A Fire Suppressant Foams on the Suppressant Foams on the Kentucky Bluegrass(Kentucky Bluegrass(Poa Poa

PrantesisPrantesis) and ) and Earthworms(Earthworms(Lumbricus Lumbricus

terrestris)terrestris)

Kevin LiKevin Li

NeedNeed

http://www.forestry.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/289FF5EC-B018-47EB-8D1F-FD71EEE065DC/0/Summary1960Present.pdf

http://www.forestry.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/289FF5EC-B018-47EB-8D1F-FD71EEE065DC/0/Summary1960Present.pdf

Figure 1

Figure 2

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fire_tetrahedron.svg/220px-Fire_tetrahedron.svg.png

-Fire tetrahedron

Figure 3

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base-Oxygen atom

http://www.silkywater.com/images/oxygen1.gif

Figure 4

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

http://www.beodom.com/assets/images/blog/principles-thermal-insulation/heat-transmittance-means.jpg

-Three methods of heat transfer

Figure 5

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

http://www.backpackgeartest.org/reviews/Cook%20Gear/Stoves/Makaira%20Stainless%20Pack%20Stove%20SPS/Test%20Report%20by%20Andrew%20Mytys/FueledUp.jpg

Figure 6

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

http://www.reliablefire.com/foamfolder/foamsystems.html

Figure 7

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

Figure 8

http://www.pestweb.com/pestimages/600/earthworm_8.jpg

Literature ReviewLiterature Review

-Freeborn P., 2007

http://www.firelab.org/Publications/Freeborn_Wooster_etal_2008_JournGeoRes_Vol113_D01301.pdf

Figure 9

Literature ReviewLiterature Review

Larson D. et al.

http://www.fs.fed.us/fire/retardant/references/Larson_and_Newton_1996.pdf

Figure 10

Literature ReviewLiterature Review

Sroysaard N. et al., 2000

http://www.bouldercounty.org/openspace/resources/res_funding/res_fund_pdfs/Small%20Grant%20Research/2000/2000Syorsaard.pdf

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Literature ReviewLiterature Review

Figure 14

http://www.springerlink.com/content/r764236j08643637/fulltext.pdf

PurposePurpose

The purpose of this experiment is to see the The purpose of this experiment is to see the effect of fire suppressant foams on the growth effect of fire suppressant foams on the growth of plants and Earthworms.of plants and Earthworms.

HypothesisHypothesis Null- The fire suppressant foams had no effect Null- The fire suppressant foams had no effect

on the rate of growth of the plants and the on the rate of growth of the plants and the number of earthworms.number of earthworms.

Alternate- The fire suppressant foams reduced Alternate- The fire suppressant foams reduced the growth rate of the plants and the number of the growth rate of the plants and the number of earthworms.earthworms.

MethodologyMethodologyPlants

Groups=2Sample Size= 3lb

(P. pratensis)

ControlContainers with grass and earthworm grown with just water

VariableContainers with plants and earthworms grown with water and fire suppressant

Procedure-Grow the grass in each container that are 6in x 6in

-3 lbs of Pennington Smart Seed Kentucky Bluegrass in each container-One ounce of class A fire suppressant foams put onto one of the containers every other day

MeasurementAmount of grass grown

Length of stemAmount of fire suppressant applied.

Amount of Earthworms.

AnalysisANOVA (p<.05) to see if there is a

difference between the control and the variables. Scheffe post hoc test

Protocols for MeasurementProtocols for Measurement

Container for the control and each variableContainer for the control and each variable One ounce of class A fire suppressant foams One ounce of class A fire suppressant foams

put onto the containers every other dayput onto the containers every other day Same amount of water for the plantsSame amount of water for the plants

Protocols for MeasurementProtocols for Measurement

One container of One container of Poa pratensis Poa pratensis and and Lumbricus Lumbricus terrestristerrestris grown with water grown with water

One container of One container of Poa pratensis Poa pratensis and and Lumbricus Lumbricus terrestristerrestris grown with water and Class A fire grown with water and Class A fire suppressant foamsuppressant foam

BudgetBudget CatalogueCatalogue ItemItem QuantityQuantity Unit PriceUnit Price Total PriceTotal Price

1. Home Depot Pennington Smart 1 $33.97 $33.971. Home Depot Pennington Smart 1 $33.97 $33.97

Seed Kentucky Seed Kentucky

Bluegrass 7 Lb. Bluegrass 7 Lb.

2. Home Depot Miracle-Gro 1 $6.97 2. Home Depot Miracle-Gro 1 $6.97 $6.97$6.97 Moisture Control Moisture Control

Garden Soil, 1.5 Cu. Ft. Garden Soil, 1.5 Cu. Ft.

3. Chief Supply Buckeye Class B 1 $69.993. Chief Supply Buckeye Class B 1 $69.99 $69.99 $69.99

Synthetic AFFF Synthetic AFFF

Firefighting FoamFirefighting Foam

(6% Synthetic)(6% Synthetic)

4. Wholesale Worms 500 Red Worms 1 4. Wholesale Worms 500 Red Worms 1 $17.95 $17.95$17.95 $17.95

Total PriceTotal Price $128.88$128.88

Do-AbilityDo-Ability

Kentucky Bluegrass can be grown easily in the Kentucky Bluegrass can be grown easily in the lablab

The fire suppressant foams are non-toxicThe fire suppressant foams are non-toxic All supplies can be purchased conveniently All supplies can be purchased conveniently

and not for a high priceand not for a high price Earthworms are easily kept aliveEarthworms are easily kept alive

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