the Cover - llda.gov.phllda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/dox/ldbem/2011-2012/LdBEM2011-2012.pdf · key areas for reforestation coupled with tree planting activities in those areas, and

LAYOUT And dESIGnRYAn M. AqUInO

MARIAM USMAn

Technical advisersJOhn S. COROnEL

MELAnIE ARGUELLES

AdELIO d. RICO

ALMA A. CERCEnIA

ALOYSIUS B. CApISOndA

ALvIn S. FARAOn

AzYLhEA C. ABInO

BEnIAFLOR G. AdA

ELSIE S. MISTICA

JOEBETh S. dALISAY

MA. JOFEL v. MOnTE

MA. SUSAnA B. TOLEnTInO

MARIAn R. SORIAnO

MARTIn B. AnTOnIO

MAUREEn S. TOLEnTInO

MA. LOU MAY S. dAnGAnAn

ediTorial adviser

J.R. nEREUS O. ACOSTA, ph.d.

ediTor-in-chief

dOLORA n. nEpOMUCEnO, CESO Iv

the Cover

A collage shaped in the outline of Laguna Lake, comprised of photographs representing the continuous efforts for the benefit of the Laguna de Bay Basin and Region. This is to show that not one person, industry or institution is responsible for keeping the Lake. Rather, it is the collective efforts and cooperation of all stakeholders that will bring to fruition the vision for Laguna Lake’s sustainable resilience.

2005 : State of Laguna de Bay

2006 : SoLid waSte management Sanitation in the Laguna de Bay

2007 : partnership - key to protection and management of Laguna de Bay

2008 : SuStaining the protection of Laguna de Bay waterShed

2009 : mitigatingcLimate change

WRITERS

EUGEnE A. MIRAndA

JOEBETh S. dALISAY

MA. JOFEL v. MOnTE

MA. SUSAnA B. TOLEnTInO

MARIAn R. SORIAnO

MARTIn B. AnTOnIO

MAUREEn S. TOLEnTInO

MA. LOU MAY S. dAnGAnAn

t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s Message from the General Manager

Introduction

Executive Summary

Laguna de Bay Quick Facts and Figures

inforMaTion

9 Total Pollutant Loading Study in the Laguna de Bay - Pasig River - Manila Bay Watershed

16 2011 Quarterly Water Quality Monitoring Report - Laguna Lake and Tributary Rivers

17 January to March

22 April to June

27 July to September

32 October to December

34 Summary

35 An Overview of Shoreland Management

36 Shoreland Map of Laguna de Bay

inTervenTion

38 Banning the Use and Distribution of Non-Biodegradable Plastic Bags

39 National Greening Program (NGP)

40 Oplan Universe

41 The President Revives the Lake

42 Water Hyacinth Clean-up Drive

insTiTUTional ParTnershiP

44 Collaborative Efforts for Laguna Lake’s Sustainability

45 Compliance Assistance Center (CAC)

46 Pollution Control Officers (PCO) Training

47 The Global Environmental Facility (GEF) - Manila Third Sewerage Project (MTSP)

48 Revisiting the Laguna de Bay Masterplan

involveMenT

50 Adopt-A-River Project

51 LLDA’s Role in the Clean-up of Manila Bay

WRITERS

We are very pleased to present to you the Environment Monitor of the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) for the Year 2011 to 2012.

The Laguna Lake is the country’s largest inland lake with an area of 95,000 hectares. Its watershed encompasses two entire provinces (Rizal and Laguna), most of Metro Manila and parts of Cavite, Batangas and Quezon and has a total land area of 290,000 hectares and an aggregate population of close to 20 million people or about a fifth of the country’s total population.

Straddling two of the country’s wealthiest and most populated regions—Metro Manila and CALABARZON (Cavite-Laguna-Batangas-Rizal-Quezon), the Lake Basin (Laguna Lake and its watershed) is a vital ecosystem and a focal area of regional and national development. The Laguna Lake Basin is crucial in ensuring water, food and energy security in the national capital region and CALABARZON which, together, account for over 50 percent of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP).

The Laguna Lake Basin has been increasingly and gravely threatened by unprecedented urbanization and industrialization, demographic explosion in urban centers, unsound land use and solid waste management practices, unabated pollution of rivers and waterways, and the denudation of forests and watersheds. Our own research and studies indicate that the lake’s water quality and the watershed’s soil quality have been on steady decline. The impact of climate variability has exacerbated these threats and state of degradation, with greater incidences of flooding and disasters in more than 20 lakeside municipalities since 2009.

Considering the complex problems facing the lake, our solutions must be holistic and multi-disciplinary; and solidly built on sound science, economic analysis, appropriate and climate-smart business practices, and executive environmental policy and governance across sectoral and jurisdictional boundaries.

MeSSAGe FroM the GeNerAL MANAGer

Our developmental approach in managing the resources of the lake is characterized by, among other appropriate solutions, technological and infrastructural interventions; ICT-driven environmental management; and effective enforcement of environmental standards coupled with stronger and dynamic engagement with all stakeholders.

The upgrading of laboratory work and modern equipment, real-time telemetering, more rapid sampling and analyses, and the building of greater capability and aptitude for knowledge management from hydrology to flood mitigation and climate change efforts are all imperatives for the LLDA and partner institutions to meet.

The eminent American literary figure, philosopher and naturalist, Henry David Thoreau once said, “A lake is a landscape’s most beautiful and expressive feature. It is Earth’s eye; looking into which the beholder measures the depth of his own nature.”

The motto of the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA), “Ibalik ng Diwa ng Lawa”, reflects our commitment to restore the balanced ecology of the Laguna Lake Basin. So in the not so distant future we can look into our own “Earth’s eye” and see in its reflection the depth of our commitment as responsible stewards of Mother Nature.

Maraming Salamat at Mabuhay!

secRetaRY J.R. neReUs o. acosta, Ph.D.Presidential Adviser for Environmental ProtectionGeneral Manager, Laguna Lake Development Authority

2011 marks the start of Laguna Lake Development Authority’s transformation beyond a simple regulatory agency, towards becoming a role model for environmental governance in the country. This transformation is centered on four key components essential to attain sustainable ecological management within the Laguna de Bay Region. LLDA’s centers its transformation through science-based information; appropriate and timely interventions; institution-building through partnerships with government and private entities; and community and social involvement.

INFORMATION

Sound decisions regarding environmental and ecological management could more effectively be made through science-based information and analysis of data gathered. Through LLDA Decision Support System (DSS) such as Bathymetric Surveys, Streamflow Measurement, Total Pollution Loading Study, Remote Sensing and GIS, water quality and levels are accurately measured and monitored. Decisions made by the Authority are based on the data empirically collected and analysed through the help of the DSS.

INTERVENTIONS

From information gathered through state-of-the-art technology and analysed by experts in the field, LLDA initiates interventions such as the imposition of sanctions and, when warranted the closure of operations of polluting and non-compliant industries and businesses. In addition to these, the Authority also implements measures aimed at mitigating the effects of environmental destruction such as banning of non-biodegradable plastic, identification of key areas for reforestation coupled with tree planting activities in those areas, and clean-up drives in the lake and tributaries.

INSTITUTION-BUILDING

The LLDA seeks to effectively manage and address ecological issues within its jurisdiction, and recognizes that more could be achieved if all stakeholders — multilateral agencies, local government units, various government agencies, funding insitutions, non-government organizations, and the private sector and industries — are involved in the maintenance and management of the environment. With stakeholders’ participation and partnerships, LLDA is leading the way in making the Laguna Lake Basin and Region more ecologically sustainable and resilient.

INVOLVEMENT

In addition to administration and regulation, LLDA actively participates in community development and major clean-up drives within the Region. The Authority encourages and strengthens the involvement of all communities in the Lake Basin and forges cooperation and sustained commitment in keeping the Lake and its tributaries clean.

introduction

exeCutive SuMMAryThis year, the LLDA focuses on a new thrust towards becoming the Agency to lead in the restoration and management of the Laguna Lake Basin and Region. LLDA centers its transformation on the Four Is: Information, Interventions, Institution-building and Involvement.

Through state-of-the-art technology, LLDA has determined the total pollutant loading in the Laguna de Bay-Pasig River-Manila Bay Watershed and has determined the water quality of the Lake and tributary rivers within the year.

LLDA employed different interventions to prevent further damage and pollution through passing a Board Resolution banning the use of non-biodegradable plastic bags; conducting tree planting activities under the National Greening Program; clean-up of water hyacinths infesting the lake and tributaries; and identifying all industries and businesses within the Authority’s jurisdiction in order to better monitor and hold violators responsible. Lake seeding activities are also initiated, led by no less than President Benigno S. Aquino himself.

The ecological sustainability of the Lake Basin and Region is made possible through the cooperation and commitment of stakeholders, and success can be achieved through such collaborative efforts. For this reason, LLDA cooperates with local and international organizations to introduce cost-effective treatment technologies, and to disseminate vital information to different industries through their Pollution Control Officers and poultry/hog raisers. LLDA also works with other partners to enhance investments in sewerage projects through the GEF-MTSP.

Finally, to more effectively manage the lake, different LGUs, industries, and private organizations collaborate with the Authority through the Adopt-A-River project under the River Rehabilitation Program. The Authority also actively participates in the clean-up of the Manila Bay to restore the waters of the Manila Bay to Class SB.

By ALVIN S. FARAON

INFORMATION

L A G U N A D E B A Y E N V I R O N M E N T M O N I T O R 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 9

In support of the Supreme Court mandamus to fully implement the DENR’s Operational Plan for the Manila Bay Coastal Strategy for the rehabilitation, restoration, and conservation of the Manila Bay at the earliest possible time, a study on total pollutant loading from the Laguna-Pasig-Manila Bay watersheds was realized. Its aim is to determine key sources of pollutants to serve as a direct input to the pollution reduction strategy which is one of the priority programs of the Operational Plan. These watersheds are deemed to contribute the largest proportion of pollutants entering Manila Bay and therefore reduction in pollution loads from these areas will directly impact the overall water quality in the Bay.

The Waste Load Model (WLM) of the LLDA Decision Support System (DSS) was used to estimate pollution loads in Laguna Lake, Pasig River, and Manila Bay watersheds. It calculates how much of a certain substance is produced by human activities (i.e., domestic, agriculture, and industries) and how much ends up in the coast/lake after passing through treatment facilities, sewer systems, and natural processes in surface waters that reduce pollutant concentrations.

The model was preferred to settle the difficulty and impossibility of monitoring all point and non-point sources of pollution loads and it has been found that the only way is to estimate or calculate them from mass balances using the model. Water quality modeling allows a first pass estimate of pollution loads, and provides a platform for computing pollution loads at different time slices and/or for different scenarios.

The WLM run focuses on the estimation of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen and total phosphorus loading in Manila Bay, Pasig River and Laguna de Bay watersheds for the years 2008, 2010, 2015 and 2020 from major point sources (industry, domestic, agriculture and forest). A total of 58 sub-basins have been identified for this purpose—37 are within the Pasig River-Manila Bay watershed and 21 sub-basins comprise the Laguna de Bay watershed (See Figure 1. Map showing geographic coverage of study).

BOD, total nitrogen and total phosphorous loads entering Manila Bay were estimated using the unit load approach. The annual BOD generation from the 58 sub-basins at point source without considering any natural purification of surface waters was estimated at 232,764 MT/yr (2008); 242,781 MT/yr (2010); 270,182 MT/yr (2015); 302,531MT/yr (2020). The annual total Phosphorous generation was estimated at 17,619 MT/yr (2008); 18,412MT/yr (2010); 20,580MT/yr (2015); 23,138MT/yr (2020). Lastly, the annual total Nitrogen generation was estimated at 79,621 MT/yr (2008); 83,568 MT/yr (2010); 93,738 MT/yr (2015); 105,770MT/yr (2020). Domestic sources of BOD and nutrients contributed the highest pollution loads followed by industrial and commercial sources, agriculture and input from forest land cover.

ToTal PolluTanT loading STudy in ThE

loading of 58 sUb-basins:BOD,TOTAL NITROGEN, AND TOTAL PHOSPHOROUS LOADINGFOR THE yEARS 2008, 2010, 2015, 2020

laguna dE Bay–PaSig RivER–Manila Bay WaTERShEdFi

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1. G

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C Co

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F St

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By ALVIN S. FARAON

L A G U N A L A K E D E V E L O P M E N T A U T H O R I T Y10

2008

2010

BoD LoADiNG/AreA iN 58 SuB-BASiNS


2015

20

20


2008

2010

totAL PhoSPhoruS LoADiNG/AreA iN 58 SuB-BASiNS


2015

2020


2008

2010

totAL NitroGeN LoADiNG/AreA iN 58 SuB-BASiNS


2015

2020


2011 QuarterlyWater Quality Monitoring reportlaguna lake and tributary riversBy JOEBETH S. DALISAY and MA. LOU MAY S. DANGANAN


january to march

SAMPLiNG StAtioNS AND LoCAtioNS


WAter QuALity DAtALAGuNA LAke

Station Locations

water QuaLity parameterS*

Bod (mg/L) dissolved oxygen (mg/L) total coliforms** (mpn/100 ml)

Jan. feb. mar. Jan. feb. mar. Jan. feb. mar.

I Central West Bay 3.1 2 2 7.7 7.8 7.4 27.22 38.56 50.92II East Bay 2.3 2 1 7.9 8.2 8.2 31.75 46.74 86.70IV Central Bay 1.6 1 3 7.2 8.2 10.2 37.03 68.70 68.82V Northern West Bay 1.8 3 2 7.5 10.5 6.4 62.53 79.76 55.79

VIII South Bay 1.5 2 3 8 8 9.4 278.64 198.91 90.46

* denr class c water Quality criteria:Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) - 10 mg/LDissolved Oxygen (DO) - 5 mg/L (minimum)Total Coliforms - 5000 MPN/100 ml

** Based on computed geomeanNotes:


Station Locations Bod (mg/L) dissolved oxygen (mg/L)

total coliforms** (mpn/100 ml)

apr. may Jun. apr. may Jun. apr. may Jun.

1 Bagumbayan (Taguig) 101 142 188 0.05 0.05 0.05 5000000 6708204 83634472 Buli Creek (Muntinlupa) 240 88 215 0.05 0.05 0.05 24000000 10954451 181712063 Mangangate (Muntinlupa) 64 48 82 0.05 0.05 0.05 800000 2000000 31748024 Tunasan (Muntinlupa) 115 140 102 0.05 0.05 0.05 3000000 16431677 129266085 San Pedro River (T2) 22 20 84 0.05 3.6 2.6 1300000 2549510 37325116 Biñan 42 22 108 0.05 0.05 0.05 1700000 1977372 19773727 Sta. Rosa 13 22 0.05 0.05 13000000 41109618 Cabuyao 30 17 66 0.05 0.05 0.4 1300000 1300000 11057559 San Cristobal River (T3) 68 148 122 0.8 0.3 0.05 1600000 1496663 710323210 San Juan River (T5) 5 46 6 2.9 2.2 2.2 300000 1549193 60000011 Los Baños 4 4 3 4.1 2.4 8.8 130000 47011 2605112 Bay River (T9) 2 6 2 7.1 7.6 6.8 900000 2121320 89628113 Pila 3 2 4 6.1 5.5 4.4 80000 48990 4160214 Sta. Cruz River (T6) 2 9 2 7.7 6.2 6.3 23000 17292 1572315 Pagsanjan River (T8) 1 6 3 7.8 7.6 7.8 50000 38730 2189816 Pangil 2 2 2 7.9 7.2 7.7 23000 42895 3433617 Siniloan 1 2 3 5.1 4.9 4.2 30000 26268 5491418 Sta. Maria 3 2 2 6.3 6.3 6.7 23000 33912 6854119 Pililla 6 6 2 1.6 1.1 0.6 13000 5099 761720 Tanay 5 4 4 1 5.3 0.9 23000 23000 22662

21 Baras 6 3 8 2 3.2 2.5 80000 23664 2119422 Morong 60 7 58 2.1 11 0.05 80000 25298 3174823 Manggahan Floodway

(Taytay )25 16 16 0.5 3.8 4.2 220000 256905 193633

24 Sapang Baho (Cainta) 26 34 20 0.05 0.05 0.05 3000000 1449138 184691525 Marikina 16 24 21 0.6 0.5 0.05 1100000 1195826 1162991

triButAry riverS

* denr class c water Quality criteria:Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) - 10 mg/LDissolved Oxygen (DO) - 5 mg/LTotal Coliforms - 5000 MPN/100 ml



LAGuNA LAke GrAPhS


triButAry riverS


LAGuNA LAke

FiNDiNGS

a. On Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD):

• For the first (1st) quarter of 2011, all of the five (5) stations passed the 10 mg/L DENR Class C water quality criterion for BOD.

• The highest concentration reading at 3.1 mg/L was recorded in Station I in January, while the lowest concentration of 1.0 mg/L was noted in Station II in March and in Station IV in February

B. On Dissolved Oxygen (DO):

• This quarter’s measured DO concentrations in all of the five (5) lake stations ranged from 6.4 to 10.5 mg/L, which conformed to the DENR Class C criterion of not less than 5 mg/L.

C. On total Coliforms (t. Coli):

• Based on the computed monthly geomeans of the recorded T. coli concentrations in the lake which ranged from 25 to 144 MPN/100 ml, all of the five (5) lake stations passed the DENR Class C criterion of 5,000 MPN/100ml for Total Coliform.

triButAry riverSa. On Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD):

• Out of 25 tributary stations monitored, the results of the BOD analysis showed that only 11 stations, Stations 11 to 21, conformed to BOD criterion.

• The BOD criterion was not met in Station 10 in February, and in Station 22 in January and March.

• For Stations 1 to 9 and 23 to 25, the results of the monthly monitoring showed that measured BOD concentrations always exceeded the criterion.

• The highest BOD concentration of 240 mg/L was measured in Station 2 in January while the lowest BOD concentration of 1.0 mg/L was recorded on the same month in Stations 15 and 17.


• Of the 25 tributary stations only 5 stations (Stations 12, 14, 15, 16 and 18) consistently met the DO Class C criterion set a minimum of 5.0 mg/L during the entire quarter.

• For Stations 11, 13, 17, 20 and 22, there were months that the Class C criterion was not met.

• For the rest of the river stations (Stations 1 to 10, 19, 21, 23, 24 and 25), measured monthly DO levels always failed the criterion.


• The computed monthly geomeans of T. coli concentrations in the tributary rivers ranged from 5099to 24,000,000 MPN/100ml. Therefore, all of the 25 stations failed the DENR Class C criterion.


april to june




Station Locations




I Central West Bay 2 6 2 8.6 7.2 8.3 47.15 33.28 20.00II East Bay 3 2 2 8.6 7.4 8.1 68.82 37.10 25.20IV Central Bay 2 2 2 8.4 7.2 8.7 58.99 40.07 25.20V Northern West Bay 3 2 2 7.9 6.4 8.8 52.86 32.89 25.20

VIII South Bay 2 2 2 8.6 6.8 8.4 82.65 115.78 423.40







1 Bagumbayan (Taguig) 132 78 113 0.05 0.05 0.05 7656445.18 12614368.39 12428930.022 Buli Creek (Muntinlupa) 128 94 136 0.05 0.05 0.05 11677632.04 6940656.07 4514357.4353 Mangangate (Muntinlupa) 38 21 32 0.05 0.05 0.05 2210031.81 1914415.981 2227344.6654 Tunasan (Muntinlupa) 144 146 190 0.05 0.05 0.05 14029319.51 12272702.51 15083973.465 San Pedro River (T2) 36 16 17 0.05 0.5 0.05 4238211.18 4095179.846 3807556.5246 Biñan 15 33 10 0.05 0.05 0.7 2693904.86 2342433.363 1732478.2117 Sta. Rosa 22 28 18 0.9 1.4 1.4 5432536.50 3049749.352 3807556.5248 Cabuyao 17 12 38 0.05 0.4 0.05 1929852.36 1403458.694 2596247.0519 San Cristobal River (T3) 86 98 58 0.05 0.05 0.1 9853885.38 14730681.45 21213203.4410 San Juan River (T5) 4 3 5 2 2.6 2.5 437354.02 139247.665 51299.278411 Los Baños 1 1 5 2 1.6 2.4 39415.27 40233.62308 58480.3547612 Bay River (T9) 1 2 3 6.8 6.2 5.9 384937.80 162640.4127 75595.2629913 Pila 2 1 2 5.6 5 5.1 23038.59 27130.05598 33737.3066114 Sta. Cruz River (T6) 1 1 2 5.5 5.6 6.3 12956.51 14452.61619 12830.1373215 Pagsanjan River (T8) 1 1 1 7.6 7.3 6.2 13651.73 12537.55874 16509.6362416 Pangil 2 4 2 7.6 7.4 7.5 41915.56 74411.95137 84343.2665317 Siniloan 2 3 3 2.7 5.5 5.4 35108.39 36698.05909 35568.9330418 Sta. Maria 2 3 4 6.3 5.7 5.5 48800.43 55543.16908 42171.6332719 Pililla 1 3 5 0.7 4.6 2.6 21045.95 81855.26896 118309.63420 Tanay 2 4 3 7.1 5.8 4.4 22886.68 34676.62877 113754.6792

21 Baras 2 21 4 1 2.5 0.7 86712.80 516466.1839 969052.108322 Morong 9 5 28 21.5 7.8 3.6 40052.74 182672.2716 248578.600523 Manggahan Floodway

(Taytay )18 7 7 0.05 1 0.4 341413.17 359525.781 493242.4149

24 Sapang Baho (Cainta) 31 10 13 0.05 2.9 0.05 2002438.79 2369153.038 2107456.48625 Marikina 42 9 4 0.05 2.9 0.6 1332184.55 1114399.908 841083.2585

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GrAPhSLAGuNA LAke


triButAry riverS


LAGuNA LAke

FiNDiNGS


• For the second quarter assessment, measured concentrations in all five (5) lake stations conformed to the 10 mg/L DENR Class C criterion for BOD.

• Obtained BOD concentrations in the lake ranged from 2 to 6 mg/L.


• All of the five (5) lake stations conformed to the 5 mg/L DENR Class C criterion.

• The lowest and highest dissolved oxygen levels for the quarter at 6.4 mg/L to 8.8 mg/L, respectively, were both recorded in Station V.


• Based on the computed monthly T. coli geomeans, Station VIII had the highest monthly concentrations while Station I consistently had the lowest monthly concentrations.

• With the T. coli levels in the lake ranging from 20.0 to 423.40 MPN.100ml, all of the five (5) lake stations conformed to the 5,000 MPN/100ml Class C criterion.


• Measured BOD in the 25 tributary stations showed that 11 stations (Stations 10 to 20) passed the Class C BOD criterion. The monthly BOD levels in Stations 1 to 9 always exceeded the criterion, while Stations 21 to 25 yielded monthly BOD concentrations which occasionally failed the criterion.

• The BOD concentrations for this quarter ranged from 1.0 to 190 mg/L wherein the highest recorded in Station 4 in Tunasan, Muntinlupa.


• Out of the 25 tributary stations, only 6 stations, namely: Stations 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 18, consistently recorded monthly DO concentrations conforming to the minimum desirable limit of 5.0 mg/L set for Class C waters.

• The monthly DO concentrations in Stations 17, 20 and 22 were not consistently passing.

• Obtained DO concentrations in Stations 1 to 11, 19, 21, 23, 24 and 25 always failed the criterion.


• Based on the water quality monitoring of the 25 tributary river stations, the monthly T. coli geomeans for this quarter in Stations 1 to 9 and 24 were always higher than the criterion.

• The monthly T. coli concentrations in Station. 25 failed the criterion in April and May.

• For the rest of the river stations (Stations 10 to 23), all of the monthly T. coli concentrations were always within the criterion.


july to september




Station Locations



Jul. aug. Sept. Jul. aug. Sept. Jul. aug. Sept.

I Central West Bay 3 3 3 5.2 7.7 10.6 20.00 43.36 55.70II East Bay 2 2 2 8.0 7.2 8.2 28.28 191.83 920.00IV Central Bay 2 3 2 8.5 6.6 11.4 28.28 167.33 175.50V Northern West Bay 3 7 2 6.0 6.3 9.2 20.00 428.95 2228.90

VIII South Bay 2 2 2 8.1 6.6 8.0 830.66 4600.00 7048.40






Jul. aug. Sept. Jul. aug. Sept. Jul. aug. Sept.

1 Bagumbayan (Taguig) 25 158 29 0.05 0.05 0.05 15491933.38 11661903.79 6115553.942 Buli Creek (Muntinlupa) 136 325 210 0.05 0.05 0.05 3391164.99 19874606.91 29478805.953 Mangangate (Muntinlupa) 31 36 30 0.05 0.05 0.05 2549509.76 8062257.75 13000000.004 Tunasan (Muntinlupa) 132 136 225 0.4 0.05 0.05 16248076.81 16248076.81 19621416.875 San Pedro River (T2) 12 18 36 1.4 0.4 1.4 2626785.11 1816590.21 2437211.526 Biñan 8 9 15 1.2 1.1 0.7 1019803.90 513809.30 889943.827 Sta. Rosa 18 13 17 1.2 1.0 1.1 4289522.12 3687817.78 1977371.998 Cabuyao 8 12 16 1.5 1.3 1.3 1870828.69 3016620.63 1766352.179 San Cristobal River (T3) 60 25 54 0.05 2.9 1.0 5000000.00 790000.00 6531462.3210 San Juan River (T5) 3 6 8 2.6 2.6 2.6 38729.83 71414.28 62529.9911 Los Baños 2 3 13 3.2 8.0 4.7 63245.55 36878.18 77136.2412 Bay River (T9) 2 2 4 7.1 7.6 6.2 120000.00 146969.38 201990.1013 Pila 3 3 14 5.5 4.8 2.3 80000.00 207846.10 111445.0514 Sta. Cruz River (T6) 2 5 2 6.8 7.2 6.8 16248.08 29478.81 79000.0015 Pagsanjan River (T8) 1 2 3 7 7.7 6.8 38729.83 33911.65 62529.9916 Pangil 2 3 2 7.4 6 5.8 109544.51 132287.57 166282.8917 Siniloan 2 2 1 3.1 1.9 3 38729.83 40620.19 74899.9318 Sta. Maria 3 3 5 6.2 6.2 6.9 38729.83 38340.58 49000.0019 Pililla 3 4 1 6.2 3.9 4.8 83066.24 42626.28 101341.0120 Tanay 7 3 2 6.4 6.9 7.1 252982.21 368781.78 229564.81

21 Baras 7 3 3 6.3 5.4 5.7 836660.03 183303.03 289827.5322 Morong 13 11 11 6.8 6.1 6.3 438178.05 51380.93 40211.9423 Manggahan Floodway

(Taytay )15 4 2 1 3.6 1.1 387298.33 346410.16 342928.56

24 Sapang Baho (Cainta) 9 6 8 1.4 0.8 0.3 1766352.17 1013410.08 790000.0025 Marikina 5 3 4 4.3 4.5 3.2 591607.98 628490.25 1013410.08

triButAry riverS




LAGuNA LAke GrAPhS


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LAGuNA LAke

FiNDiNGS


• For the 3rd quarter, measured concentrations in all five (5) stations ranging from 2 to 7 mg/L passed the 10 mg/L BOD criterion set for Class C waters by the DENR.


• Based on the measured dissolved oxygen levels in the lake which ranged from 5.2 to 11.4 mg/L, the water in all of the five monitoring stations conformed to the 5 mg/L Class C criterion for DO.


• The computed monthly geomeans for T. coli in the lake for this quarter ranged from 20.0 MPN/100ml to 7048.40 MPN/100ml.

• Stations I, II, IV and V’s monthly geomeans consistently passed the Class C criterion for T. coli set at 5000MPN/100ml.

• The monthly geomeans in Station VIII passed the Class C criterion in July and August; but in September, the criterion was exceeded.


• Out of the 25 river monitoring stations, only 12 stations recorded concentrations that consistently conformed to the Class C criterion for BOD; these are Stations 10, 12, 14 to 21, 24 and 25.

• The river stations with monthly concentrations which are sometimes either complying or exceeding the Class C criterion are Stations 6, 8, 11, 13 and 23.

• The Class C criterion was always exceeded in river Stations 1 to 5, 7, 9 and 22.

• The highest BOD concentration of 325 mg/L was recorded in Station 2, while the lowest BOD concentration of 1.0 mg/L was measured in Stations 15, 17 and 19.


• Obtained monthly DO levels in the tributary rivers during this quarter always failed to meet the minimum desirable limit of 5.0 mg/L set for Class C waters in Stations 1 to 10, 17, 23, 24 and 25.

• For Stations 11, 13 and 19, measured DO concentrations occasionally either passed or failed the Class C criterion.

• The river stations that consistently passed the criteria for monthly concentrations during this quarter for are Stations 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21 and 22.


• The tributary rivers’ computed monthly geomeans for T. coli ranged from 16,248 to 29,478,806 MPN/100ml

• As observed, those river stations with monthly geomeans that consistently complied with the 5,000MPN/100ml Class C criterion are Stations 10 to 23.

• The river stations with monthly geomeans that are always exceedingly higher than the Class C criterion during the quarter are Stations 1 to 5, 7 and 8.

• Stations 6, 9, 24 and 25 showed monthly geomeans that are not consistently passing the criterion.


october to december



LAGuNA LAke

FiNDiNGS


• For the 4th quarter, all of the five (5) lake stations passed the 10 mg/L BOD criterion set by the DENR for Class C waters.

• The highest concentration, measured at 5.0 mg/L, was recorded in Station VIII in November, while the lowest concentration at 1.0 mg/L was noted in Station IV in October.


• All of the five (5) lake stations conformed to the DENR Class C criterion of at least 5 mg/L.

• The lowest DO concentration, measured at 5.3 mg/L, was noted in Station V in October, while the highest concentration of 10 mg/L was noted in Stations II and VIII in November.


• The computed monthly geomeans for T. coli in the lake ranged from 92 to 7703 MPN/100ml.

• Except for Station V with 7703 MPN/100ml computed T. coli geomean for December, all of the other monthly geomeans obtained for the fourth quarter consistently passed the DENR Class C criterion for T. coli, set at 5000 MPN/100ml.


• Out of the 25 tributary river stations monitored, the results of the BOD analysis showed that only 14 stations consistently conformed to the Class C criterion for BOD and these were Stations 6, 10 to 21 and 25.

• Stations 1, 3, 5, 7 to 9, 22 to 24 have monthly BOD concentrations which occasionally were either complying or exceeding the Class C criterion.

• Measured BOD concentrations in Stations 2 and 4 always exceeded the Class C criterion.

• The BOD concentrations for the last quarter of 2011 ranged from 1.0 to 152 mg/L wherein the highest was noted in Station 4.


• Out of the 25 tributary river stations monitored, only 9 stations consistently passed the Class C criterion for DO. These were Stations 12 to 20.

• The tributary river stations with monthly concentrations for DO that constantly failed the Class C criterion were Stations 2 to 8 and 23 to 25.

• For Stations 9 to 11, 21 and 22, measured DO concentrations occasionally either passed or failed the Class C criterion.


• The computed monthly geomeans of T. coli concentrations in the tributary river stations ranged from 26,758.24 to 27526035.95 MPN/100ml.

• All of the 25 tributary river stations failed the DENR Class C criterion.


Generally, the water quality of Laguna de Bay from 2009 to 2011 met the DENR Class C criteria based on the computed annual average levels of most of the physicochemical parameters for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, oil and grease, pH and total coliforms.

Among the lake primary productivity stations in the three (3) bays of Laguna Lake, the most productive on the basis of the computed net primary productions (NPPs) from 2009 to 2011 were the Central Bay station in 2009 and 2011, and the West Bay station in 2010 and 2011. The highest NPP in 2010 at the West Bay coincided with the saltwater intrusion event at the time.

Apparently, the results of the water quality assessments showed that most of the polluted tributary river stations are located at the western and northern parts of the West Bay wherein most of the population and the industrial establishments within the Laguna de Bay Region are concentrated. Thus, pollution control activities must be intensified in these rivers.

From among the tributary rivers, the stations noted with very poor water quality or always failed the DENR Class C criteria in 2009 up to 2011 were Stns. 1 (Marikina), 2 (Bagumbayan River-Taguig), 3 (Buli Creek-Taguig), 4 (Mangangate River Downstream), 4U (Mangangate River Upstream), 5 (Tunasan River Downstream), 6 (San Pedro River), 7 (Biñan River), 8 (Sta. Rosa River Downstream), 9 (Cabuyao River), 24 (Morong River Downstream), 24U (Morong River Upstream), 25 (Manggahan Floodway-Taytay) and 26 (Sapang Baho River-Cainta) for ammonia; Stns 1, 2, 3, 4, 4U, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8M, (Sta. Rosa River Midstream), 9, 10 (San Cristobal River), 24, 24U, 25 and 26 for BOD; Stns. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8M, 9, 10, 25 and 26 for obtaining average annual dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of less than 3mg/L; Stns. 1, 2, 3, 4, 4U, 5, 5U (Tunasan River Upstream), 6, 7, 8, 8M, 8U (Sta. Rosa River Upstream), 9, 10, 11 (San Juan River), 24, 24U, 25 and 26 for inorganic phosphate; Stn. 5 for oil and grease; Stn. 22U (Tanay River Upstream) for pH; and all stations for total coliform.

The tributary river stations whose annual average water quality parameter levels from 2009 to 2011 consistently conformed with the DENR Class C criteria included Stns. 12 (Molawin Creek-Los Baños), 13 (Bay River), 14 (Pila River), 15 (Sta. Cruz River), 16 (Pagsanjan River) 17, (Pangil River Downstream), 18 (Siniloan River), 19 (Sta. Maria River- Downstream), 21 (Pililla River), 22 (Tanay River-Downstream) and 23 (Baras River) for BOD; all staions for chloride and nitrate; Stns. 13, 15, 16, 17 and 22 for DO; Stns. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 for oil and grease; and all stations except Stn 22U for pH.

SuMMAry


The shoreland of Laguna de Bay is described under the enabling law of the Laguna Lake Development Authority, Republic Act No. 4850, enacted on July 18, 1966, as amended by Presidential Decree No. 813 passed on Oct. 17, 1975 as follows:

Section 41, par. 11 Laguna Lake or Lake – refer to Laguna de Bay which is that area covered by the lake water when it is at the average annual maximum level of elevation 12.50 meters, as referred to datum 10.00 meters below mean lower low mark (M.L.L.W). Lands located at and below such elevation are public lands which form part of the bed of said lake.

Also known to local fisher folk as “lupang kanduli”, this linear strip of land is alternately submerged or exposed by the annual or seasonal rising and lowering of the lake levels. It covers an approximately fourteen thousand hectares (14,000 hectares), which is distributed in the key areas of the provinces of Laguna: 66% or 9,200 hectares and Rizal; 26% or 3,670 hectares; and the City of Manila 8% or 1,130 hectares.

The multi-uses of the shoreland cater to several industries within the lakeshore municipalities comprised of 87 barangays in Laguna province, 84 barangays in Rizal province and 11 barangays in the National Capital Region. These uses result to increasing conflicts over the years, adding to the challenge on LLDA as the primary steward of the lake and the shoreland. Unfortunately, the laws’ avowed purposes in defining the shoreland, which is to serve as the lake’s natural buffer zone designed to separate the incompatible elements or uses, or to control pollution/nuisance and for identifying and defining development areas or zones, are disregarded.

The Supreme Court expressed in the case of Laguna Lake Development Authority vs. LGUs of Rizal, the role of LLDA in the management of the Laguna de Bay Region. Quoting jurisprudence, it was emphasized that:

“Laguna de Bay like any other single body of water has its own unique natural ecosystem, the 900 km² lake surface water, the eight (8) major river tributaries, the 2,920 km² basin or watershed transcending the boundaries of Laguna and Rizal provinces greater portion of Manila, parts of Cavite, Batangas and Quezon provinces constitute one delicate natural ecosystem that need to be protected with uniform set of policies xxx.

Laguna Lake as a natural resource needs judicious management and optimal utilization and would require the implementation of a national policy geared towards the protection, conservation and balanced growth of the region with due regard to inter-generational use of its resources.

Therefore, Laguna de Bay cannot be subjected to fragmented concepts of management policies where lakeshore local government units exercise exclusive dominion over specific portions of the lake water. x x x. The implementation of a cohesive and integrated lake water resource management policy is necessary to conserve, protect and sustainably develop Laguna de Bay.” (Laguna Lake Development Authority vs. LGUs of Rizal, GR No. 120865-71; 07 December 1995)

Regrettably, the significant tasks of LLDA as administrator of the country’s largest freshwater body, including its resources, are overtaken by inevitable developments within LdB Region undertaken

by both private and public entities. Presently, the problems besetting the judicious management of the shoreland areas are:

• Continuous depletion of the buffer zones;• Uncontrolled and isolated developments;• Proliferation of illegal settlers;• Unauthorized NG and LGU shoreland development activities;• Continuous illegal backfilling activities;• Uncontrolled invasive plant production;• Existence of titles both legitimately granted and spurious;• Clash between riparian owners and LLDA lessees;• Inconsistent LGU land use, zoning plans and ordinances;• Lack of police assistance.

As the last line of defense and the very evident delineation of jurisdiction of LLDA with the LGUs, the shoreland areas must be restored and saved from its deplorable condition. Similarly, the lives of the people living within these areas are also at risk. Precisely, these are the evils sought to be prevented by the wisdom of the legislators in passing the LLDA charter.

The role of LLDA is to maintain a sense of balance between the sustainability of the lake and its resources and the safety and productivity of the people. In applying the appropriate remedy, albeit slow and tedious, the following are worthy of consideration:

• Inventory of the shoreland areas including all development activities and actual occupants;

• Governmental control over the available/unutilized area through LLDA;

• Preparation of the Shoreland Management Plan;• Strong linkages or participatory management approach with the

other key players and the community;• Empowered LLDA visibility and intense monitoring within the areas;• Harmonized land use plans, zoning plans and ordinances with the

other local authorities;• Titling of the shoreland areas in the name of the National

Government through LLDA, The healing process will take some time, considering that the problems are end results of years of lack of awareness and concern with the after effects of isolated and wayward developments, the absence of a Shoreland Management Plan that will orchestrate all activities and growth within the area, including some social and economic issues and pressure herein involved. Utmost cooperation and strong will power among the different authorities and the stakeholders are needed to embark on the first steps. Eventually, the steps will be geared toward a common direction of attaining a more sustainable shoreland ecosystem alongside healthy communities.

AN OVERVIEW OFSHORELAND MANAGEMENT

By MARIAN R. SORIANO


laGUna De baY sHoRelanD MaP

INTERVENTION


BANNING THE USE AND DISTRIBUTION OFNON-BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC BAGS

(LLDA BOARD RESOLUTION NO. 406, SERIES OF 2011)

Result of the aftermath of Typhoon Ondoy (Ketsana) in 2009

The devastation caused by Typhoon Ondoy (Ketsana), specifically in the municipalities and cities within the jurisdiction of the Laguna de Bay region triggered the necessity for an environmentally-conscious solution to address solid waste management problems. The City Government of Muntinlupa has reported that 90% of the materials found to be obstructing storm drains and clogging of waterways in the aftermath of typhoon consisted basically of plastic bags and plastic discards. Additionally, the data released by the Ocean Conservancy characterized the debris retrieved from Philippine Coastal Clean-up sites in 2008, which included selected sites in and around Laguna de Bay, as consisting predominantly of plastic bags and plastic packaging materials. These plastics take as much as 20 years before they decompose.

The LLDA, being mandated by law to require its constituents to pass appropriate regulatory measures, among others, necessary to carry out the objectives of the Authority and enforce the same, crafted Board Resolution No. 406 Series of 2011 entitled “A Resolution Requiring Local Government Units in the Laguna de Bay Region to Pass and Implement an Ordinance Banning the Use and Distribution of Thin Film, Single Use, Carry Out, Non-Biodegradable Plastic Bags,” approved by its Board of Directors on March 2011.

BR No. 406 is in accordance with Republic Act 9003, otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 and National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC) guidelines for Non-Environmentally Acceptable Products (NEAP) and packaging material. The latter identified plastic packaging as one of only 5 product groupings that shall undergo assessment. Parallel to that, representatives of Philippine Plastic Industry Association (PPIA) posed no objection to the efforts to ban plastic packaging materials and plastic bags, pertinent to the working paper prepared by the Technical Working Work tasked to assess the plastic product and packaging materials group.

As what have been claimed, the banning of plastic bags may not be the salvation of the environment, but it could be a useful way to begin reducing waste pollution. In fact, it may not be the only solution to arrest the occurrence of flooding within the region since climate change is another critical concern of humanity today. However, as stated on BR 406 “the banning of the use and distribution of thin film, single use and carry out non-biodegradable plastic bags will greatly contribute to a reduction in the volume of solid wastes generated by local communities and which end up in canals, waterways, rivers, creeks and streams and eventually in the lake.”

By AZYLEAH C. ABINO


Background

President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III, concerned over the environmental catastrophes as a result of global warming, issued Executive Order No. 26 which calls for the implementation of the National Greening Program (NGP). As a priority program, the goal is to plant 1.5 billion trees in 1.5 million hectares within 2011 to 2016. The directive is addressed to all Government Agencies and other concerned groups to harmonize all greening efforts nationwide and ensure that adherence thereto is attained. On the part of LLDA, the management has committed to plant 1 million seedlings all over the Laguna de Bay Region.

the LLda compLiance

Long before the issuance of Executive Order 26, the LLDA has been doing watershed rehabilitation within its jurisdiction. A permanent Agro-forest nursery located at the LLDA Office in Calauan, Laguna provides seedling requirements (forest trees and fruit bearing trees) not only for LLDA tree planting activities but also for other stakeholder groups such as LGUs, qIndustries, River Councils and Academe, that are carrying out a similar undertaking. The annual seedling production is augmented by collection of wildlings from adjacent areas to beef up the available planting stocks. On the average, 21,000 seedlings are dispersed annually. Apart from the Agro-forest nursery, a bamboo nursery was established within the complex. The creation of this nursery is in support of the Laguna de Bay Watershed Bamboo for Life Project initiated by then LLDA General Manager Edgardo C. Manda. Under this program, a bamboo plantation has been established in barangay Galalan, Pangil, Laguna.

LLDA’s Compliance to Mandating the Implementation of the

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 26:

NatIoNal GreeNING ProGraM (NGP)

proViSion of technicaL aSSiStance

The seedlings are given for free as part of the LLDA’s social responsibility and in recognition of the stakeholders’ desire to address erosion in the upland as well as the river banks. The LLDA is also providing technical assistance on seedling and bamboo propagation to interested individuals and stakeholder groups, and is administered under a cost-sharing scheme.

other initiatiVe

In order to meet the growing needs for planting stocks, an additional nursery was established at the LLDA property in Lumban, Laguna. The nursery is envisioned to provide the seedling requirements of communities/stakeholder groups from adjacent areas.

By MA. SUSANA B. TOLENTINO


In compliance with the directives of President Benigno S. Aquino III that determine and cover all industries within LLDA jurisdiction, Task Force Oplan Universe was created by General Manager Rodrigo E. Cabrera. It is comprised of the staff from different divisions, namely, Administrative Division (AD), Finance Division (FD), International and Local Cooperation Division (ILCD), Legal and Adjudication Division (LAD), Surveillance and Monitoring Division (SMD), Enforcement Division (ED), and Clearance and Permit Division (CPD).

Oplan Universe is instrumental to identifying industries awithin LLDA’s jurisdiction, although some fine-tuning, such as better training and additional enumerators, is still needed to improve the program and make it more effective.

Enumerators were hired and trained to gather data from various companies, which they will then encode every Friday under the supervision of Policy Planning and Infromation Management Division (PPIMD). The recorded data will be forwarded to CPD for data sanitation, and the names of the firms that are not registered in the database will be sent to ED for serving of Notice of Violation.

From the records of Mr. Adelio Rico, chairman of the secretariat, from April 13 to June 15, 2011, a total of 3,177 establishments were required to secure LLDA Clearance (LC), and a total of P84,099.29 was collected as fees from various establishments that responded and filed during the period of May 2 to June 15, 2011 in Quezon City.

OPLAN UNIVERSE

IMAGES FROM THE ACTUAL CONDUCT OF OPLAN UNIVERSE

By ALOYSIUS B. CAPISONDA


THEPRESIDENT

REVIVESTHE LAKE

President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III led the seeding of two million tilapia and big head carp fingerlings in the fish sanctuary situated in the central part of the Laguna de Bay in May 2011.

With the theme, “Bringing Back the Lake’s Bountiful Harvest,” the LLDA aims to revitalize the lake’s fishery resources through this lake seeding to augment the livelihood of fishermen around the Laguna de Bay Region.

President Aquino said, “We hope to develop Laguna de Bay to reach its fullest potential for the betterment of the lives of people who depend on its resources, especially among the underprivileged and marginalized. It is for this reason that we are conducting this lake seeding to recognize our obligation to nourish and bring back the glory of Laguna Lake so that it can continue to give us life. ”

Laguna de Bay has been the focus of attention by government and various resource users due to its economic importance and strategic value

as source of food and water for inhabitants of adjacent communities including Metro Manila.

As of latest records, the lake fishery industry supplies around 700,000 kilos per week of bangus and tilapia and 300,000 kilos per week of bighead carp to the National Capital Region. However, due to overfishing and proliferation of suro or illegal fishing with the use of fine-mesh nets, premium species such as bia and ayungin have disappeared from the Laguna Lake.

To help increase fishery catch in open fishing areas for fisherfolks in the region, LLDA has designated fish sanctuaries as protected areas where fish can grow undisturbed. Under the 2020 Laguna de Bay Basin Master Plan Framework, LLDA aims to bring the sanctuaries closer to the community for its intended beneficiaries and to have the communities’ direct involvement in lake management, regulation and protection.

Likewise, the new master plan framework comprises several projects for the advancement of the fisheries such as the establishment of in-lake fish breeding stations, livelihood centers, and pilot culture facility for high value aquatic plants. The Agency is also conducting fish dispersal programs, freshwater mangrove reforestation, and fish stock assessment with measures to eradicate invasive species. Patrol boats were purchased for monitoring and surveillance.

The LLDA has also organized the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council (FARMCs) in lakeshore communities to help the Authority in the management of the fisheries.

The President strongly enjoined the support of government agencies which are directly in charge of Laguna de Bay. These include the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the LLDA, the provincial governments of Rizal and Laguna and the municipalities and cities surrounding the Laguna Lake and its environs.

By MARTIN B. ANTONIO


The proliferation of the water hyacinth in Laguna Lake has been regarded as a menace and has affected the activity of the fishermen. It obstructs navigation towards the open fishing grounds and poses threat to the health and well-being of the lakeshore residents once it decays.

The Municipality of Cardona, through the headship of Mayor Bernardo F. San Juan, Jr., sought the assistance of Laguna Lake Development Authority to come up with a solution to the problem of the over growth of water hyacinth in their lakeshores.

Through the leadership of LLDA General Manager Rodrigo E. Cabrera, this perennial problem has been address in the Municipality of Cardona, Rizal. A water hyacinth clean-up operation was conducted off the waters of Laguna Lake in fourteen (14) Shoreland Barangays of Cardona, Rizal. Some sixty (60) Environmental Armies and fisher folks were hired for the clean-up operation which was launched on 27 January 2011.

In previous years, the Local Government Units and fisherfolks resorted in using manual labor using bancas in their clean-up operation of water hyacinth. To facilitate the clean-up, the LLDA mechanized the operation using backhoe on a barge in heavily affected areas, while manual labor was utilized in moderately affected areas.

A total of 5,100 tons of water hyacinth covering an area of 63 hectares were hauled using backhoe, while a total of 650 tons covering 12 hectares were removed manually. In addition, breakers made of bamboo were installed in the area to prevent the water hyacinth from blocking anew the motorways. The Authority likewise provided 300 pieces of bamboo and 10 rolls of ropes for each lakeshore barangays through the respective barangay captains.

To utilize the water hyacinth and prevent it from becoming waste, a livelihood program was organized by LLDA in partnership with the Office of the Congressman Edgar San Luis of the 4th District of Laguna together with the officials of the Kababaihang Angat Pila (KAP). Through this program, women were trained to make use of dried water hyacinth to augment their own family’s income by weaving the dried plants to form various handicrafts such as bags and slippers.

WATER HYACINTHCLEAN-UP DRIVE

By ELSIE S. MISTICA

By ELSIE S. MISTICA

INSTITUTIONALPARTNERSHIPS


As provided under R.A. No. 4850, as amended, LLDA is empowered to undertake studies on the improvement and maintenance of the desirable lake water quality of Laguna de Bay, and in the pursuance thereof, prepare a water quality management program on a continuing basis and carry out the same with the assistance of national and local government units involved

in water quality management.

The Authority has effectively regulated the industry sector under a coherent set of policies governing the conduct of stringent monitoring activities and pro-active adjudication of cases. However, to better achieve the desire water quality, there is a necessity of addressing the present condition of lake pollution brought by domestic sources and non-point sources which mark at about seventy-seven percent (77%) of the pollution load within the

Laguna Lake.

Pursuant to R.A. No. 9275, also referred to as the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004, to effectively protect water bodies and resources, the different national and local agencies of the government in cooperation with duly registered non-government organization, water utility sector, and the business sector should work hand in hand in the implementation of the aforementioned significant legislation which include the preparation of a national program on sewerage and seepage management. This will require some time to fully achieve due to certain technological and financial constraints, but the condition of the environment cannot be jeopardized any

longer.

The LLDA, in taking its share of the task, has endeavoured for the most cost-effective treatment technology through a collaborative effort with international institutions pioneering natural treatment technologies. An example of such collaboration is with the Research and Development Center of Ecological Engineering and Technology of Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science in Tainan, Taiwan. The natural wastewater systems or wetlands was conceptualized in Taiwan due to lack of sewerage treatment system catering its domestic wastewater which is untreated or improperly treated and has become one of the major polluting sources of its natural water bodies. Constructed wetlands have been examined as a feasible decentralized treatment technology with the advantages of low cost, low maintenance, and easy construction, without the need for heavy machinery and energy. Accordingly, the LLDA has concluded a Memorandum of Understanding with this private academic institution on November 2010 on purely technical, scientific and environmental matters for the purpose of learning the technology underlying the establishment and operationalization of natural wastewater systems including its applicability and efficiency

under present local setting here in the Philippines.

In line with this, the Authority is fostering partnership with the different Local Government Units (LGUs) and water concessionaires in order to replicate the technology within Laguna de Bay Region. Among the LGUs and entities that expressed interest and support are the municipalities of Paete, Laguna, Angono, Rizal, Lucban, Quezon, and Calamba Water Districts, while more other LGUs signified their interest and eagerness to understand and learn more about the natural wastewater system, which operates under the

principle of helping our the environment.

coLLaBoratiVe effortS for Laguna Lake’S

SuStainaBiLityBy MARIAN R. SORIANO

By MAUREEN S. TOLENTINO


In 2007 the LLDA established the pilot Compliance Assistance Centers (CACs) for two (2) priority sectors in the Laguna de Bay Region, namely Hog / Poultry Farms and Slaughterhouses, through a grant from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through Environmental Cooperation-Asia Program and Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN). As designed, the CACs have both physical and virtual platforms. The Compliance Assistance Center may be virtually visited through llda.gov.ph. This page was developed and piloted in 2007 under the earlier grant. LLDA launched the pilot CAC on April 29, 2008, including website as virtual platforms for the two priority sectors. From then, the upgrading and improvement of this page were supported under a second grant from the USAID/ECO-Asia and AECEN.

The establishment and strengthening of the CACs in Laguna de Bay Region, with the support of the USAID through its Environment Cooperation-Asia Program and Asian Environmental and Compliance Enforcement Network, was carried out in 2007 through the LLDA CAC Team led by the Assistant General Manager, Dolora N. Nepomuceno, CESO IV.

The Team has supported the implementation and administration of the CACs for hog and poultry farms and Slaughterhouses. Since then, the team has actively advocated, promoted, and led the LLDA in replication and scale up efforts.

Simply described, CAC is comprised of tools, activities and technical assistance which provide clear and consistent information for the regulated community, sectors and establishments to help them understand and comply with environmental regulations and standards.

The key functions of the CACs are to assist establishments in explaining applicable environmental laws, regulations and standards, and how to comply with these official issuances. It helps the stakeholders better understand the government’s (LLDA and DENR-EMB) compliance procedures directed towards establishments. LLDA also provides copies of the required forms for clearance and permits, self-monitoring reports and other related documents.

Through combined efforts of the LLDA Team, USAID Eco-Asia and AECEN and the two priority sectors, two (2) manuals of operation including M&E systems and CAC brochures in English and Filipino versions were produced.

Replication and scale-up plans are in the pipeline to further strengthen the pilot CACs establishing track record and credibility. Replication in fastfood, gas stations and car wash industry sectors within the Laguna de Bay Region using the model for slaughterhouse and hog farms is in its planning stage, making the CAC a country-wide compliance assistance center – a measure of LLDA’s success as the pioneer on CACs in the Philippines.

COMPLIANCEASSISTANCECENTER

(CAC)ASIAN ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE and ENFORCEMENT NETWORK

By MAUREEN S. TOLENTINO


Effective management of the lake depends upon the support and participation of many private sectors, civil society and public sector stakeholders.

The lake is indeed a lifeline for many who depend on it for livelihood. It is noteworthy to mention that LLDA has a significant mission to uphold basic environmental principles for the protection of the Lake.

Prior to the existence of now Environmental Education Office (EEO) of Environmental Regulatory Division (ERD), there were issues—management transitions, project continuity, funding, and change of interest so to speak—that brought about the need for its establishment.

The International and Local Cooperation Division (ILCD), now EEO of ERD, was tasked to implement the Continuing Education Program by virtue of Memorandum Order No. 2001-88 dated December 21. 2002 signed by then GM Cataquiz, seconded by a memo issued by then GM Ynares, mandating ILCD to process and issue Pollution Control Officer (PCO) Identification as a condition to the issuance of the Discharge Permit (DP).

Denr-DaO no. 26-92 states that:

“all industrial, commercial and manufacturing establishments and private entities, whose activities are potential and actual sources of water, air and land pollution, shall appoint and/or designate a Pollution Control Officer. ”

The LLDA adopted certain provisions of the Administrative Order through Memorandum Circular No. 99-02 dated March 29, 1999, then amended by Memo Order 2011-40.

The Continuing Environment Education Program for Pollution Control Officers (CEEP) was approved for institutionalization. Thus, the CEEP became a regular activity and was recognized as a complement to the requirements of the Pollution Control of DENR in the accreditation of PCOs and in compliance with the conditions of DP.

In as much as DAO 26 and the DP renewal require at least 4-hour training/seminar/workshop, modules were developed for the Continuing Environmental Education Seminar (CEES). This presents updates, revised yearly, on the regulations passed by the LLDA and some details in the requirements of the DP and

other specific technical information regarding pollution control technologies. Scope and Coverage include R.A. 8749 or the Clean Air Act, R.A. 9275 or the Clean Water Act, R.A. 6969 or the Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management Act, and Control measures for air, water, toxic and hazardous wastes.

The CEES started with a training fee of Two Thousand Five Hundred Pesos (P2,500.00) to cover for the training and administrative cost and is maintained up to the present. On the other hand, CEEP started with a fee of Six Thousand Five Hundred Pesos (P6,500.00), changed to P7,000.00 in 2003. And in 2005, the fee increased to P8,000.00. A total of approximately Thirty Eight Million Pesos (Php 38M) gross proceeds was realized since its onset.

Through the years, the CEES/CEEP continues to improve its training management. An evaluation is done after every training to gauge how the agency can further enrich and expand from the demanding and ever improving technology related to the environment.

POLLUTION CONTROL OFFICERs (PCO) TRAINING

By EUGENE A. MIRANDA


The Laguna Lake, Pasig River, and Manila Bay represent the three water bodies with social and economic importance to the Philippines, yet degradation is taking place. The recognition by the government of the Philippines to improve water quality and adopt new strategies leads to establishment of the Manila Third Sewerage Project (MTSP)-Grant Component funded by the Globeal Environmental Facility (GEF).

The GEF-MTSP is designed to enhance the investments in sewerage project through determination of solutions to several key institutional, legal, financial and technical barriers to enable efficient environmental investment in the pollution control sector.The GEF-MTSP aims to:

1. Identify essential adjustments to administrative, institutional, and regulatory practices and existing legislations in order to attract private investments in the waste water sector;2. Increase the effectiveness of the agencies responsible for water pollution control through improved coordination; and 3. Promote innovative, simple and effective wastewater techniques.

It has seven components comprised of: (1) partnership strengthening, (2) master planning and policy development, (3) innovative financing, (4) use of market-based incentives,

(5) rate rebasing, (6) joint sewage and septage treatment plant, and (7) project management.

Generally, Components 1 to 4 aim to pinpoint obstacles towards cooperation among sector agencies, and identify non-conventional investment in sewerage and sanitation, while Components 5 and 6 assist the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) in pursuing higher investments in sewerage and sanitation by its concessionaires and in piloting suitable technology for septage disposal. Lastly, Component 7 provides technical assistance to help with project management, monitoring, evaluation and dissemination.A Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with partner agencies on project implementation was executed between partner agencies like MWSS-Maynilad Water Service Inc. (MWSS-MWSI), Manila Water Company Inc. (MWCI), Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC), LLDA, Department of Health (DOH), Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA), and Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) to formally establish shared commitment between the key National Government Agencies to address the existing water quality problems in the catchment (Laguna Lake and its tributaries, the Pasig River system of rivers, creeks and esteros, and Manila Bay itself).

LLDA is part of the Technical Working Group for Components 3 and 4. Purposely, it is to review the Environmental User’s Fee (EUF) used by this Authority to regulate establishments and make recommendations for enhancement of the system. Several recommendations on the expansion of EUFs have been noted, such as:

1. Addition of oil and grease and heavy metals as possible pollutant parameters aside from BOD, TSS currently used;

2. Use multiple parameters in the long-run;3. Design and implement a pilot trading scheme for regulated establishments; and4. Develop and implement an appropriate EUF system for domestic sewage by categorizing

them into pre-treated and untreated.

With this, the project will go beyond fees review, moving towards a broader structure and mode of applications of instruments to synthesized and cohesive program of actions towards the enhancement and strengthening of the EUFs in the Philippines.

THEGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITY(GEF) - MANILATHIRD SEWERAGE PROJECT(MTSP)By BENIAFLOR G. ADA


In 1995, the first Laguna de Bay Master Plan was conceived and approved by then President Fidel V. Ramos to spell out the strategies that will promote the sustainable management of the Laguna de Bay Region. As a result, significant environmental and institutional milestones have been achieved for the past 15 years.

The Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) is now revising its master plan to be aligned with newly-enacted environmental laws, resolve existing resource use and allocation conflicts, and meet emerging natural resource management challenges, and other issues, such as climate change adaptation and disaster reduction. These pave the way for the development and financing of environmental infrastructure projects, among others. All of these will catalyze economic growth in the Laguna de Bay Region.

In completing the task, LLDA obtained the assistance of University of the Philippines Planning and Development Research Foundation, Incorporated, also known as UP PLANADES, which is the foundation arm of UP School of Urban and Regional Planning in Diliman, Quezon City.

After several consultations with various stakeholders, the draft of Spatial Development Master Plan (SDMP) for the Laguna de Bay Basin: Land and Lake Water Use and Physical Development Plan was presented to the Board of Directors on September 19, 2012. The document contains several proposed short-term, medium-term and long-term environmental interventions that will ensure the conservation and sustainable development of the Region. These will be supplemented by the proposed broad-based strategies and policies to ensure its successful implementation.

REVISITING THE LAGUNA DE BAY MASTERPLANBy ADELIO D. RICO

INVOLVEMENT


As part of the Laguna Lake Development Authority’s strategy to effectively manage vital resources such as the river, the River Rehabilitation Program was launched in 1996. The Program uses science-based and technical information as bases for decision making; also, more importantly, it considers the multi-sector involvement and participation.

While organized groups such as the River Councils and the Local Government Units (LGUs) embarked on activities such as river clean-up, tree planting activities etc., these are just stop-gap measures to address some identified problems. At the end of the day, accountability is still wanting. It is of utmost importance to impress upon the stakeholders their share on the current state of the rivers and the environment in general.

Prior to its full implementation in 2011, the Adopt-A-River Project used to be one of the components/strategies employed under the River Rehabilitation Program. It was apparent that the project can provide the desired broader multi-stakeholder participation and sustain the initial efforts undertaken by the River Councils and the LGUs in so far as rehabilitating, protecting and managing the rivers and the watershed as a whole.

With the information generated under the River Rehabilitation Program as basis for establishing the general condition of a specific river, the following activities have to be undertaken to effectively and efficiently implement the Adopt-A-River Project.

riVer SegmentationThis is simply “dividing” the whole stretch of the river into manageable sections where identified adopters can focus the resources at hand in instituting appropriate measures to address the problems.

community participation and StakehoLder inVoLVementActive participation and involvement of the community and as many stakeholder groups as possible is important to successfully implement this type of project. In essence the “adopters” are recognizing their contributions, directly or indirectly, to the present state of the river and are taking in the responsibility of being the custodians of certain sections of the river.

information, education and motiVation campaignSIn order to sustain the interest of the stakeholders, well-planned and executed IEM Campaigns are

necessary. It is easier to get support from a well-informed public.

identification of wouLd Be adopterSParallel with documenting and segmenting the river stretch is the mapping of the stakeholders, a lot of whom can be considered potential adopters.

deVeLop SuStainaBLe funding mechaniSmWhile the “adopters” have to shoulder the expenses in rehabilitating the specific section of the river, in the final analysis, the availability of steady sources of fund is still needed. This will ensure that the rehabilitation efforts are sustained.

formaLiZation of agreementMore often, a Memorandum of Agreement serves as an instrument to formalize the arrangement between and among the various stakeholder groups.

With the steps leading to actual River Adoption defined, the approaches employed by the

concerned LGU/s together with the River Council depend on several factors such as sources of pollution, as well the area covered /traversed by the river. For example, the Sta. Cruz River traverses six Municipalities hence the “Adoption” was executed by municipality. Eventually, the portion of river within the municipality is further segmented and adopted by local stakeholder groups.

Since its full implementation in December 2010, five (5) river systems have been adopted by concerned stakeholder groups. These are Cabuyao River, led by Tanduay Distillers; Sta. Rosa River, led by the LGU, Toyota Autoparts, S3R2, and the LGU of Sta. Rosa; Teresa River, led by the LGU, Teresa Marble, Robina Farm among others; Sta. Cruz, led by the LGUs of six municipalities covered, the LIMAS MARINA River Council, Commercial Establishments, and other sectors; and Muntinlupa, led by AMKOR ANNAM and the LGU.

In the pipeline for adoption is the Siniloan River to be led by the LGU, the Siniloan River Council and other concerned sectors.

PROJECTADOPT-A-RIVERTHE

By MA. SUSANA B. TOLENTINO


The LLDA sits in the Manila Bay Coordination Office Cluster Technical Working Groups (MBCO-Cluster TWGs) as an attached agency to the Department of Environment and Natural resources (DENR). The clusters that will assist in the implementation of Operational Plan for Manila Bay Coastal Strategy (OPMBCS) in the Laguna de Bay Region are the Liquid Waste Management Cluster, Solid Waste Management Cluster, Informal Settlers Cluster, and Rehabilitation and Ecosystems Management Cluster. Concerned LLDA personnel from these clusters were designated through Memorandum Order No. 2012-22 dated 26 March 2012, in accordance with DENR Administrative Order No. 2011-2 dated 17 January 2011 and Administrative Order No. 2011-4 dated 18 April 2011, which strengthened MBCO by completing its organization and staffing requirements.

It is worth noting that the formation of the above-stated clusters emanate after the Supreme Court (SC) issued the writ of continuing mandamus on 18 December 2008 and tasked ten (10) agencies, with the DENR as the lead agency, to clean up Manila Bay and restore its waters to Class SB (swim and bath category) level. The Bay is considered as the premier international gateway to the country’s economic, political and social centers, but it is presently confronted with major issues on water pollution, over-exploitation and degradation of resources.

The task to bring back the waters of Manila Bay to Class SB through the clean-up of its tributaries is the challenge that confronts the agency-members of the MBCO. The SC issued a Resolution of 15 February 2011 to set the time frames for the agency-members to carry out their tasks as set forth in the OPMBCS.

LLDA’s ACTIVE ROLE IN THECLEAN-UP OF MANILA BAYBy MA. JOFEL V. MONTE and ALMA A. CERCENIA

the PuBLiSherLLDA is a quasi-government agency established in 1966 by vitue of R.A. 4850 to manage the development of Laguna de Bay Basin. It is vested with policy, planning, development and regulatory functions.

2011 LAGuNA De BAy eNviroNMeNt MoNitor

LAGUNA LAKE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITYhttp://www.llda.gov.ph | facebook.com/laguna lake development authority (official) | twitter.com/llda(official)

Documents

the Cover - llda.gov.phllda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/dox/ldbem/2011-2012/LdBEM2011-2012.pdf · key areas for reforestation coupled with tree planting activities in those areas, and