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Eit` eivt x`iq tc` O`~iqtd`kt mb @op$fithmk iko tc` O`~iqtd`kt mb Lpvthf` q`$e`iv`o tc` bhqvt Ikkpie Q`~mqt mk VfcmmeVib`tx i ~qml`ft tcit iooq`vv`o kithmk$ie fmkf`qkv ~qmd~t`o ax i v`qh`v mbvfcmme vcmmthkjv+

Eivt x`iq ziv i ~iqthfpeiqex cmqqhbhf

x`iq+ Ht jir` dikx tc` ~`qf`~thmk tcit ieevfcmmev z`q` qhb` zhtc fqhd` iko rhm$e`kf` tcit dmvt ghov z`q` fiqqxhkjbhq`iqdv dmvt ghov z`q` pvhkj iefmcmeiko oqpjv dmvt vfcmmev cio jikjv ikotcit rhme`kf` ziv q`ieex v~hqiehkj mpt mbfmktqme iko tcit tc`q` ziv ehtte` ikxamoxfmpeo om tm ~q`r`kt ht viho Ahee Dmo|`$e`vgh Ohq`ftmq mb tc` Vib` iko Oqpj$Bq``Vfcmmev ^qmjqid+

Bmeemzhkj dpeth~e` vcmmthkjv hkZ`vt ^iopfic G`ktpfgx7 ^`iqe Dhvvhv$vh~~h7 Lmk`vamqm Iqgikviv7 iko V~qhkj$bh`eo Mq`jmk7 iko mtc`qv ^q`vho`kt

Fehktmk rmhf`o fmkf`qk iampt ~`qf`~$thmkv mb vib`tx hk tc` kithmkv vfcmmev+C` tmm ziv fmkbpv`o iampt zcit zivci~~`khkj hk vfcmmev iko ivg`o tc` O`$~iqtd`ktv mb Lpvthf` iko @opfithmk tm ~pttmj`tc`q ik ikkpie q`~mqt mk vfcmme vib`$tx tm dig` tc` ~paehf dmq` iziq`iampt lpvt zcit hv ci~~`khkj hk mpq ki$thmkv vfcmmev Dmo|`e`vgh kmt`o+

_c` 9883 Ikkpie Q`~mqt mk VfcmmeVib`tx ziv q`e`iv`o hk Mftma`q 9883+_chv q`~mqt bmq ~iq`ktv vfcmmev ikofmddpkhth`v ~qmrho`v ik mr`qrh`z mb tc`vfm~` mb vfcmme fqhd` iko o`vfqha`v if$

thmkv tcit fik a` tig`k tm iooq`vv tchvhvvp`+ _c` omfpd`kt hv ohrho`o hktm bmpqfci~t`qv< _c` Kitpq` iko Vfm~` mbVfcmme Fqhd`7 Zcit Fmddpkhth`v FikOm _cqmpjc Fmeeiamqithmk7 Dmo`e ^qm$jqidv7 iko Q`vmpqf`v+

_C@ KI_PQ@ IKO VFM^@

MB VFCMME FQHD@

_chv fci~t`q ziv o`r`em~`o bqmd hk$bmqdithmk ~qmrho`o ax kpd`qmpv vpqr`xviko q`~mqtv+ _c` bhkohkjv vcmz tcit tc`mr`qiee vfcmme fqhd` qit` bmq vtpo`ktvij`o 91$93 o`fehk`o cmdhfho`v hk vfcmme

iq` qiq` `r`ktv dmvt vfcmme fqhd` hvtc`bt iko b`z`q vtpo`ktv iq` aqhkjhkjz`i~mkv tm vfcmme+ V~`fhbhf oiti vcmzv>> vtpo`ktv ij`o 91$93 hk9886 tm i~~qmshdit`ex 913 vpfcfqhd`v hk 9882+

k Hk 9882 tc`q` z`q` :8 tc`btv bmq `r`qx9>>> vtpo`ktv #ij`o 91$93( it vfcmme+_c`bt iffmpkt`o bmq i~~qmshdit`ex21% mb iee fqhd` ijihkvt vtpo`ktv itvfcmme tcit x`iq+

k B`z`q tcik 9% mb tc` dmq` tcik:>>> fcheoq`k zcm z`q` dpqo`q`o hk9881 iko 9886 fmdahk`o z`q` ghee`oit vfcmme+

k A`tz``k 9886 iko 988: tc`q` ziv ikmr`qiee o`fehk` hk tc` ~`qf`ktij` mbvtpo`ktv hk jqio`v 8 tm 91 zcm q`~mqt$

`o fiqqxhkj i z`i~mk tm vfcmme ite`ivt mk` oix hk tc` ~qhmq 6> oixv+

k _c` ~`qf`ktij` mb chjc vfcmme v`khmqvzcm q`~mqt`o fiqqxhkj i z`i~mk tmvfcmme mk it e`ivt mk` oix zhtchk tc`~q`rhmpv bmpq z``gv o`fehk`o bqmd 3%hk 9886 tm 2% hk 9882+

ZCI_ FMDDPKH_H@V FIK

OM _CQMPJC

FMEEIAMQI_HMK

Iffmqohkj tm tc` Ikkpie Q`~mqt mkVfcmme Vib`tx dikx fmddpkhth`v iq`vpff`vvbpeex q`opfhkj vfcmme fqhd` iko

rhme`kf` ax iom~thkj i vtqit`jx tcit tig`vhktm iffmpkt tc` v~`fhbhf vib`tx ~qmae`d

`s~`qh`kf`o ax tc` vfcmme iko tc`k ho`k$thbh`v ik i~~qm~qhit` hkt`qr`kthmk+ _c` q`$~mqt ~q`v`ktv vt`~v bmq o`r`em~hkj ikohd~e`d`kthkj vpfc i vtqit`jx bqmd ifmd~q`c`kvhr` ~eik+ Ht ~qmrho`v i ehvt mbifthmkv tcit fmddpkhth`v vcmpeo tig` ivz`ee iv ehvtv bmq vfcmmev vtpo`ktv ~iq$`ktv ~mehf` lpr`khe` lpvthf` iptcmqhth`v

iko apvhk`vv`v+ A`emz iq` chjcehjctvbqmd tc` ehvtv bmq vfcmmev iko vtpo`ktv+

Zcit vfcmmev fik om

k Q`o`vhjk bifhehtx tm `ehdhkit` oiqg v`$fepo`o iko pkvp~`qrhv`o v~if`v+

k O`rhv` i vxvt`d bmq q`~mqthkj-ikiex|$hkj rhme`kt iko kmkfqhdhkie hkfho`ktv+

k @kehvt vfcmme v`fpqhtx ~qmb`vvhmkiev hko`vhjkhkj iko dihktihkhkj tc` vfcmmev`fpqhtx vxvt`d+

k _qihk vfcmme vtibb hk iee iv~`ftv mbrhme`kf` ~q`r`kthmk+

k ^qmrho` iee vtpo`ktv iff`vv tm vfcmme

~vxfcmemjhvtv mq fmpkv`emqv+

k ^qmrho` fqhvhv q`v~mkv` v`qrhf`vk Pv` iet`qkit` vfcmme v`tthkjv bmq

`opfithkj rhme`kt iko z`i~mk$fiqqxhkj vtpo`ktv+

k Q`ifc mpt tm fmddpkhth`v " apvhk`vv$`v tm hd~qmr` tc` vib`tx mb vtpo`ktv

k Ifthr`ex hkrmer` vtpo`ktv hk dighkj

o`fhvhmkv iampt vfcmme ~mehfh`v iko~qmjqidv+

k ^q`~iq` ik ikkpie q`~mqt mk vfcmmefqhd` iko vib`tx+

Zcit vtpo`ktv fik om

k A`cir` q`v~mkvhaex+k Q`~mqt fqhd`v iko tcq`itv tm vfcmme

mbbhfhiev+k J`t hkrmer`o hk mq vtiqt ikthfqhd`

~qmjqidv it vfcmme+k V``g c`e~+

DMO@E ^QMJQIDV

_c` q`~mqt fht`v i kpda`q mb ~qmjqidvtcit cir` a``k o`vhjkit`o iv `htc`qo`dmkvtqit`o mq ~qmdhvhkj ~qmjqidv+_c` ~qmjqidv ehvt`o z`q` ho`kthbh`opko`q i O`~iqtd`kt mb Lpvthf` jqikt tmtc` Cidhetmk Bhvc Kithmkie Hkvthtpt` mkVfcmme iko Fmddpkhtx Rhme`kf`+ _c``sid~e`v fmr`q i zho` riqh`tx mb ~qma$e`dv tcit vfcmmev bif` hkfepohkj ijjq`v$vhmk-bhjcthkj apeexhkj bidhex hvvp`vjikjv qifhie iko mtc`q ahiv$q`eit`o fmk$behft v`spie ciqivvd`kt-v`spie rhme`kf`vpavtikf` iapv` tqpikfx-oqm~mpt rik$oiehvd iko z`i~mkv+

O`dmkvtqit`o ~qmjqidv cir` a``kqhjmqmpvex t`vt`o hk tc` bh`eo iko cir`vmeho `rho`kf` mb tc`hq `bb`fthr`k`vv+ Hktc` `riepithmk mb o`dmkvtqit`o dmo`evtzm jqmp~v mb xmptc z`q` `sidhk`o a`$bmq` iko ibt`q ik hkt`qr`kthmk7 mk` jqmp~q`f`hr`o tc` hkt`qr`kthmk zche` tc` mtc`q#tc` fmktqme jqmp~( oho kmt+ _c` hkt`qr`k$thmk jqmp~ o`dmkvtqit`o i jq`it`q q`opf$thmk hk rhme`kf` mr`q thd` tcik oho tc`fmktqme jqmp~+

^qmdhvhkj ~qmjqidv iq` rh`z`o ivz`ee$o`vhjk`o ~qmjqidv tcit cir` kmt x`ta``k tcmqmpjcex t`vt`o+ Vmd` ~qmdhvhkj

dmo`ev ~q`v`kt`o cir` a``k `riepit`oapt k``o bpqtc`q t`vthkj zhtc vtqmkj`q`riepithmk o`vhjkv tm ~qmr` tc`hq `bb`f$thr`k`vv+ Mtc`q ~qmdhvhkj dmo`ev hk tc`q`~mqt cir` x`t tm a` `riepit`o apt iq`aiv`o mk `iqeh`q q`v`iqfc+

Q@VMPQF@V

_chv v`fthmk mb tc` q`~mqt ~qmrho`vq`io`qv zhtc i eiqj` kpda`q mb ~eif`vtc`x fik tpqk tm bmq dmq` hkbmqdithmk+Hkfepo`o hk tchv fci~t`q iq` b`o`qie q`$vmpqf`v b`o`qie mk$ehk` omfpd`ktv mqji$kh|ithmkv Z`a vht`v ehvtv`qrv iko

rho`mv+

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9883 IKKPIE Q@^MQ_ MK VFCMME VIB@_X

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dhkj z` dpvt dmr` hk tc` ohq`fthmk mb

zcit zmqgv+_c` Ohq`ftmq ioo`o tcit ax pvhkj

q`v`iqfc$aiv`o ~qmjqidv c` om`vktzikt tm cid~`q tc` fq`ithrhtx tcit `shvtvhk tc` bh`eo+ Dmrhkj hk tc` ohq`fthmk mbzcit zmqgv tmziqo o`r`em~hkj iko hd$~e`d`kthkj `bb`fthr` ~qmjqidv z` cir`tm a` r`qx fiq`bpe kmt tm vtxdh` tc` i~$~`tht` iko `ktcpvhivd mb ~qmjqidd`qv+Z` dpvt a` fmkthkpieex m~`k tm k`zho`iv k`z i~~qmifc`v iko k`z vtqit`$jh`v tm vmer` tc`v` ~qmae`dv+ Iko mpqm~`kk`vv tm tc`v` ho`iv q`ieex k``ov tma` aieikf`o zhtc mpq k``o bmq iffmpkt$

iahehtx iko q`vpetv+

6+ Bihepq` tm rh`z vfcmme vib`txiko oqpj ~q`r`kthmk hk i aqmiofmkt`st+

Dmo|`e`vgh a`eh`r`v tcit tc` ~q`r`k$thmk bh`eo dpvt dmr` izix bqmd i v`qh`vmb pkfmkk`ft`o vfcmme$aiv`o ~qmjqidv+Hkvt`io c` vixv Z` dpvt dmr` tmziqo iv`qh`v mb ifthrhth`v iko ~qmjqidv tcit iq`~qifthf`o hk bidheh`v iko fmddpkhth`viko zmr`k tmj`tc`q hk i v`ide`vv vtqit`jxohq`ftex ehkg`o tm tc` dhvvhmk mb vfcmmev

iko mkjmhkj `opfithmkie q`bmqd+ _chvfciee`kj` civ tcq`` ~mhktv q`eit`o tm ht%mb vfcmmev q`f`hr` e`vv tcik /9>>>> hkvib` iko oqpj$bq`` vfcmmev bpkovDmo|`e`vgh q`~mqt`o+ Kmt `r`qx vfcmmeohvtqhft civ tc` vid` k``ov iko tc`q`vcmpeo a` i a`tt`q zix tm ho`kthbx k``oiko tiqj`t tc` VOBV^ q`vmpqf`v+

_c`q` hv vmd`tchkj mb ik hkfmkvhvt`k$fx c`q`+ Mk mk` ciko z`q` fieehkj bmqdmq` oiti fmee`fthmk tc` pv` mb vfh`kf`$aiv`o ~qmjqidv dmq` fmd~q`c`kvhr`~qmjqidv iko a`tt`q ehkgij`v zhtc tc`fmddpkhtx7 iko mk tc` mtc`q ciko z`q`~qmrhohkj i dilmqhtx mb vfcmme ohvtqhftvzhtc e`vv tcik /9>>>>+ Zche` `r`qxvfcmme ohvtqhft hk tchv fmpktqx fik cmk`vt$ex vix tcit tm vmd` o`jq`` tc`x cir`~qmae`dv zhtc fqhd` iko rhme`kf` oqpjiapv` mq ohvfh~ehk` kmt `r`qx vfcmmeohvtqhft civ ~qmae`dv mb tc` vid` dijkh$tpo` iko kmt `r`qx ohvtqhft civ tc` vid`q`vmpqf`v tm o`ie zhtc tc`v` ~qmae`dv+

0+ Bihepq` tm o`r`em~ vmpko `opfi$thmkie- ~q`r`kthmk ~qmjqidv bmq ieevtpo`ktv% kmt lpvt tcmv` zcm q`jp$eiqex itt`ko dihkvtq`id `opfithmk$

ie hkvthtpthmkv+

Z`q` a`fmdhkj pkhyp`ex iziq` mbtc` kpda`q mb xmpkj d`k iko zmd`k hktchv fmpktqx mb vfcmme ij` zcm iq` kmt hkvfcmme mk ikx jhr`k oix+ Iko tc` kpd$

a`q hv cpj`7 htv hdd`kv` Dmo|`e`vghq`~mqt`o+ _chv jqmp~ hkfepo`v tcmv` zcmcir` a``k `s~`ee`o vpv~`ko`o mq iq`tqpikt iv z`ee iv tcmv` hk fmqq`fthmkiebifhehth`v+ Zc`k z` a`jhk tm tieg iampt~qmrhohkj v`qrhf`v tm vtpo`ktv z` dpvtkmt bmqj`t tcit ~m~peithmk+

Ik hd~mqtikt vt`~ tcit VOBV^ civtig`k tm iooq`vv tc`v` bhr` mavtife`v hvtc` ~qmdpejithmk mb htv ^qhkfh~e`v mb @b$b`fthr`k`vv+ _c` ^qhkfh~e`v q`yphq` ieevfcmme ohvtqhftv hk mqo`q tm q`f`hr` Vib`iko Oqpj$Bq`` Vfcmmev bpkohkj tm bme$emz bmpq vt`~v< 9( fmkopft i k``ov iv$

v`vvd`kt7 1( `vtiaehvc d`ivpqiae` jmieviko mal`fthr`v7 6( pv` q`v`iqfc$aiv`o~qmjqidv7 iko ?( fmkopft ~`qhmohf `riep$ithmkv mb tc` ~qmjqidv ~qmjq`vv+ Mtc`q`bbmqtv mb VOBV^ hkrmer` hkhthithr`v ~qm$~mv`o hk htv q`iptcmqh|ithmk iko tc` pv`mb ohvfq`thmkiqx dmk`x amtc mb zchfciq` o`vfqha`o hk tc` bmeemzhkj iqthfe`+

Dmo|`e`vgh hv `ktcpvhivthf iampt tc`ifthrhtx hk chv ~qmjqid iko b``ev tc` thd`hv qhjct tm aqhkj tmj`tc`q `r`qxmk` hkt`q$`vt`o hk c`e~hkj vtpo`ktv+ Htv fe`iq tm pvtcit km ~`qvmk km jqmp~ km mqjikh|ithmktcit ziktv tm c`e~ vtpo`ktv iko c`e~ fq`$

it` vib` `krhqmkd`ktv vcmpeo a` tpqk`oizix c` viho+

Mpq lma vcmpeokt a` tm vix tm ikxjqmp~ mq ikx ~qmjqid xmpq` kmt zikt`omq tcit xmpq ~qmjqid hv kmt jmmo `kmpjc+Mpq lma hv tm bhko i zix tm `kvpq` tcittc`q`v i q`e`rikt qme` bmq `r`qxmk` `r`qxmk` zcm ziktv tm ~iqthfh~it`+ Ikompq qme` hv tm tqx tm hd~qmr` tc` ypiehtxmb tcmv` ~qmjqidv tcit fmd` tm tc` tiae`iko zikt tm tig` ~iqt+ Hb tc`x eifg io`$ypit` ypiehtx mpq qme` hv tm c`e~ tc`diemkj+

~ i j ` 0

Dmo|`e`vgh `s~eihkv mavti$fe`v iko ~q`v`ktv vmepthmkvtm KVIF Fmkb`q`kf`Fmkthkp`o bqmd ~ij` mk`

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