December 13th, 1849

5¢

The Inventor’s Stories

Learn about the latest

inventions!

Our Ninth President

He wasn’t just our

president….

Immunity to Disease and

Painless Surgery

Vaccinations and anesthesia.

The next big thing?

tir

EXCLUSIVE INSIDE! The Industrial Revolution

Dear Editor,

I would like to express my concern with you over child labor after ads

have been catching my eyes in your magazines. I have heard that children

are being forced into factory work as early as six years old, and getting little

to no pay! I have many family members and friends that have children that

are working in these factories and I think it is crazy that they are okay with

what they tell me about them. I personally do not have kids myself, but I still

think this is crazy to work young children up to 19 hours a day alone, even if

they are getting paid. I’ve also heard that factory workers only provide

around one hour of break time in one of these insane 19 hour work days.

Not only are the time of work ridiculous, place of work is also insane!

Our children of today are forced to work under harsh conditions in factories

with deadly and large machines, disgusting environments, and hot working

areas. Also there are orphans who factory owners get away with the most of-

fensive and horrible things, these orphans don’t get paid in money but in

nothing but lies. Factory owners have claimed to have a payroll of things like

food, shelter, and clothing, so the owners get away with getting free work in

their factory.

In Britain, the workforce consists of 14 percent of workers being under

14 years old. It is apparently very common for the overworked children in the

factory to get beat if they weren’t performing up to par with what the factory

owner wants. Not like it was already harsh enough in these factories, but if

they don’t work well in these conditions they are sure to get hurt, how cruel!

A tactic used by owners is called “weighting”, were children have a chain

and a weight tied on their neck and walk up and down the factory halls so

other children can take example of why not to underperform, how harsh!

I really think that children deserve to have a lot more freedom when it

comes to work like this and I don’t believe it was right to support anything

having to do with this horrible way of receiving work. I hope the children

around the world are eventually given more freedom and this issue is taken

action upon it.

Sincerely,

Scarlett Smith

Dear Editor

MARY SHELLEY

Mary Shelley, a

SUSPICIOUS WOMAN?

Mary Shelley, the author of the current best seller, Frankenstein, may have a different meaning behind the

reason as to why she wrote her best seller.

Frankenstein is treated as your every day thriller by most of the population, but recently, Mary claimed (after

a year of the book’s release) that it was to warn about the dangers of science!

This has sparked a lot of talk about whether or not she really just doesn’t like the act of discovery in the form

of tests and also about if she should really be writing about science in the first place.

Some people were already bitter about the fact that no one first knew that she actually wrote the book. Many

thought it was a man with the name Percey Shelley, Mary’s former husband.

These bad features about her are sparking many conversations and rumors in the writers’ community, such as a

man named Reece Tyler made the book instead of her.

So can we really trust the author of the best-selling book Frankenstein?

Exclusive

tir

WW ith today’s great minds, innovation is a constant feature in our great thinkers to-

day. In the days of the 1800s, the common folk have to strain themselves over many tasks, and

these inventors’ jobs are to help make our lives easier, so today in our article, we will look over

some of the great past inventions over the last years.

The first inventor we will go over is a man who has a great story that has lead up to his

current success: George Eastman. Mr. Eastman was a high school drop out due to the fact that

he had to support his struggling family. Due to the fact he dropped out of high school, people

looked down on him. Eastman went through jobs at fourteen years, starting off working in an

insurance company to support his family. Five years later, he started work as a junior clerk at a

bank, which tripled his salary allowing him to focus on other things in life. At 24 years old, East-

man took a vacation and decided to take photographs on his way. The camera he brought

weighed as much as a microwave and was supported by a larger tripod. A tent was needed to

allow the photos to develop, and five dollar lessons were needed to be able to learn how to

use the device. All of these unpleasing features about the camera inspired Eastman to invent

something new and impressive. He started reading British magazines about cameras and their

technologies to find out a way to improve the device. Eastman eventually developed his busi-

ness in 1880, developing dry plates that put the image was put on with the larger camera. Lat-

er, Eastman developed the invention that would change photography forever: lighter dry plates

made of glassier materials that were lighter, which allowed him to develop a smaller handheld

camera rather than a huge heavy camera. The lighter dry plates are now known as film, which

are like paper. Eastman is currently mass producing these portable cameras made by his com-

pany, Kodak. Without Eastman, many photographers today would still be using cameras equiv-

alent to just drawing images.

Now, we move on to our next great thinker: Robert Fulton. Mr. Fulton was responsible

for inventing the steam boat. Fulton originally moved to Paris to study and paint. Out of his

studies, he started making simple designs of submarines, but never ended up testing one out.

After another man in France, Robert Livingston, an American ambassador on a visit, saw these

impressive designs, he met with Fulton to convince him into making what we know now as

the steam boat. Fulton ended up moving to the United States to start planning out this boat.

Fulton then ended up ordering two small engines from Europe to get his design started; the

first design was called the Clermont and was tested on the Hudson River. The boat ended up

failing, but after a few minor engine adjustments, the boat was able to move upstream to Alba-

ny in 32 hours traveling at an average speed of 5 miles per hour creating the first steam boat.

The two men continued with their work creating more efficient and larger boats in 1811 chang-

ing how we transport items on rivers forever.

T h e I n v e n T o r ’ s T h e I n v e n T o r ’ s

S t o r i e sS t o r i e s

WW ith today’s great minds, innovation is a constant feature in our great thinkers to-

day. In the days of the 1800s, the common folk have to strain themselves over many tasks, and

these inventors’ jobs are to help make our lives easier, so today in our article, we will look over

some of the great past inventions over the last years.

The first inventor we will go over is a man who has a great story that has lead up to his

current success: George Eastman. Mr. Eastman was a high school drop out due to the fact that

he had to support his struggling family. Due to the fact he dropped out of high school, people

looked down on him. Eastman went through jobs at fourteen years, starting off working in an

insurance company to support his family. Five years later, he started work as a junior clerk at a

bank, which tripled his salary allowing him to focus on other things in life. At 24 years old, East-

man took a vacation and decided to take photographs on his way. The camera he brought

weighed as much as a microwave and was supported by a larger tripod. A tent was needed to

allow the photos to develop, and five dollar lessons were needed to be able to learn how to

use the device. All of these unpleasing features about the camera inspired Eastman to invent

something new and impressive. He started reading British magazines about cameras and their

technologies to find out a way to improve the device. Eastman eventually developed his busi-

ness in 1880, developing dry plates that put the image was put on with the larger camera. Lat-

er, Eastman developed the invention that would change photography forever: lighter dry plates

made of glassier materials that were lighter, which allowed him to develop a smaller handheld

camera rather than a huge heavy camera. The lighter dry plates are now known as film, which

are like paper. Eastman is currently mass producing these portable cameras made by his com-

pany, Kodak. Without Eastman, many photographers today would still be using cameras equiv-

alent to just drawing images.

Now, we move on to our next great thinker: Robert Fulton. Mr. Fulton was responsible

for inventing the steam boat. Fulton originally moved to Paris to study and paint. Out of his

studies, he started making simple designs of submarines, but never ended up testing one out.

After another man in France, Robert Livingston, an American ambassador on a visit, saw these

impressive designs, he met with Fulton to convince him into making what we know now as

the steam boat. Fulton ended up moving to the United States to start planning out this boat.

Fulton then ended up ordering two small engines from Europe to get his design started; the

first design was called the Clermont and was tested on the Hudson River. The boat ended up

failing, but after a few minor engine adjustments, the boat was able to move upstream to Alba-

ny in 32 hours traveling at an average speed of 5 miles per hour creating the first steam boat.

The two men continued with their work creating more efficient and larger boats in 1811 chang-

ing how we transport items on rivers forever.

T h e I n v e n T o r ’ s T h e I n v e n T o r ’ s

S t o r i e sS t o r i e s

One of the many designs that Robert Fulton himself designed .

DEAR KARL: My children and

I, as of Monday, will be working in the

same factory together! I’m so excited!

However, I do worry they won’t be get-

ting enough sleep—they’ll be working

from 6 A.M. to 7 P.M. on most days.

What should I do to ensure my children

get enough sleep?

WORRIED FATHER

DEAR FATHER: First of all, I

didn’t know that bring-your-kids-to-

work day was being taken so literally

these days… I suggest not even getting

them to work due to the fact that they

need to be nurtured and raised in healthy

conditions, NOT having their arms

chopped off and shouldn’t you be the

only person be the only person to beat

your child, NOT your boss? Think about

it.

DEAR KARL

Dear Karl

MoTher’s WorrIes By Karl Heinrich Marx

6

"“The chains of

military despotism,

once fastened upon a

nation, ages might

pass away before

they could be shaken

off.”"

§

ar is a very harsh subject, and many people

fail to realize how brutal it actually is, so an

interview of a war veteran could put this in

perspective for some.

We are going to focus on the most re-

cent large scale war, The War of 1812. With us to put

in perspective we have the former American general

and current politician, William Henry Harrison.

We started our questions first asking William

about what his role was in the war and what he ac-

complished. He responded “Well I gained my first

rank in control as a commander after the US lost in

Detroit after my rank bobbled around until I ended

up as a commander,“

We then proceeded to ask him about what

were his best successes in this war, he responded

“My main goal was to change our strategy from of-

fensive to a defensive strategy to defend against the

British, results showed immediately as I led my boys

to victory at the Battle of Lake Erie. After fending off

Britain at Lake Erie we had to gain what we had just

lost to the British, which was Detroit created a battle

called The Battle of Thames which we managed to

successfully take back Detroit. Those are my proud-

est victories from the War of 1812 before I moved

into politics.”

We then asked him about what the common

life was like in a day of war in the War of 1812. He

said “On normal days we do what everyone else

does, bathe, go to church, shop, and many other nor-

mal things, but when we were on duty we’d spend

time playing simple games like gambling, or smoking

until we got orders to attack or defend,”

Then we asked if a normal person could real-

ly handle war and being in the army, he responded

“There were many components in war that may make

people fear it, the biggest one being fear of death, but

I can tell people that it is very unlikely, death rate

was around .8% in that war. Other components are

things everyone could take in, like physical and men-

tal strength. (Chuckles) of course a lot of guys didn’t

really have a choice if they would be able to handle

being in the army.”

We then thanked the former General for his

time and he was off. There was much to learn out of

this man about war and we were lucky to know the

information he gave us and maybe we could ask him

a little more in a later article.

W

Our Ninth President An American military officer, politician, and president

Mommy!!!

$

Am

er

ica

’s B

usin

ess O

wn

ers

My arm got

chopped off—

Mommy, you got

a Band-Aid?

Individually handcrafted in America by your children

OATCAKES

HANDMADE AMERICAN

presents...

Pack it for your children as they go to their jobs!

Pack it for your husband as he goes to work!

OATCAKES HANDMADE

If you don’t like it— too bad, we need the money as bad as

you do!

TT he ability to take away illness or disease is always something that should be of interest to hu-

mans, and in this time of innovation many have already done so. The fact that we always know the present

threat of disease from our past, and the items we try to protect ourselves with haven’t been proven to work ef-

fectively, many scientist are now focusing on medicine to improve immunity towards disease or illness. Exam-

ples of these innovators include, Edward Jenner, Sir Humphrey Davy, James Blundell, and there are many

more that have contributed to the engineering of better medicines.

Immunity to Sickness Immunity to Sickness and Painless Surgeryand Painless Surgery

First we will look at what is

now known as vaccination, which

is something that protects us from

disease or illness. In 1796, Edward

Jenner, an English physician was

studying how different sickness act-

ed when others were already in the

body. Edward tested this with his

gardener’s 8 year old son. First, he

injected the boy with the dairy-

maid’s cowpox pustule, then later

exposed the box to amounts of

smallpox. To Edward’s prevail,

there were no effects or signs of

smallpox after 6 weeks of it being

exposed into the boy. What Edward

did was protect the boy with a very

harmful sickness by injecting him

with a lot less harmful illness. This

later became known as vaccination,

which is from the Latin term

“vacca” which means cow. Some

may think,

but someone has to understand that

there are different severity levels in

illnesses, and since cowpox is a mi-

nor illness and smallpox kills 30%

of the people it infects, which

would you rather have?

Another good feat in the

engineering of better medicine in

our time is anesthesia.

Anesthesia was invented

recently in 1846 to reduce pain

when receiving surgery. If you ever

had surgery before, anesthesia was

beginning to be used. You would

know that it is a horrific event in

which you would either be knocked

out by alcohol or bite the bullet and

take the pain screaming throughout

the whole surgery. There were also

multiple suicide cases due to the

fact that people wanted to avoid

surgery.

Dr. Warren Jackson was the

first to use this when he got the idea

from how dentists used nitrous ox-

ide to remove teeth with minimal

pain, this substance was discovered

to be useful to minimize pain when

found at college parties to get a

high off of and it turned out to re-

duce pain to a minimum as well. He

first used it in surgery when at-

tempting to remove a tumor from

Mr. Gilbert Abbot, who proceeded

to say he never felt any pain after

the surgery.

News started to spread

around the world about a painless

surgery and multiple doctors started

to pick up this medical engineering

feat.

All we can expect is ad-

vancement in the engineering of

better medicines as time passes in

these years of innovation.

“Why would you want to

get sick just to prevent being

sick?”

© 1849 by London Tribune -

London Syndical, Inc.

DEAR KARL: My children

and I, as of Monday will be work-

ing in the same factory together!

I’m so excited! However, I do wor-

ry they won’t be getting enough

sleep— they will be working from

6 A.M. to 7.P.M. on most days.

What should I do to ensure to en-

sure my children get enough sleep?

WORRIED FATHER

DEAR FATHER: First of

all, I didn’t know that bring-your-

kids-to-work day was being taken

so literally these days… I suggest

not even getting them to work due

to the fact that they need to be nur-

tured and raised in healthy condi-

tions, NOT having their arms

chopped off and shouldn’t you be

the only person to beat your child,

NOT your boss? Think about it.

DEAR KARL: I see no rea-

son as to why you are aiming at us

capitalists for giving the so called

“proletariats” (funny name by the

way) harsh working conditions.

Can you imagine just how many

children you’re putting to work just

to publish this silly little piece on

your communist ideas?

A CAPITALIST

DEAR CAPITALIST: I’m

“aiming” at you capitalists due to

the many deaths your factories have

caused so many benign children

who were to have the lives of us as

children— carefree.

To publish this article is to

provide for yet another poor family

your mammoth factories have taken

advantage of: it’s the only way the

poor families are making any mon-

ey whatsoever while you and your

well-taken-care-of family is proba-

bly sitting by the fire place, eating

the most eloquent dinners, and hav-

ing a good place to sleep “and this

life activity [the worker] sells to

another person in order to secure

the necessary means of life. ... He

works that he may keep alive. He

does not count the labor itself as a

part of his life; it is rather a sacri-

fice of his life. It is a commodity

that he has auctioned off to

another.”

If you truly believe my ide-

as are silly, read another magazine.

DEAR KARL: I have read

the Communist Manifesto by you

and Mr. Engels: What was your

reasoning behind writing such a

great and interesting piece on you

and Mr. Engels’ ideas on com-

munism— they’re fantastic!

FRIENDLY PROLETERIAT

DEAR PROLETERIAT: I

have read YOUR piece of writing

and feel like I must reply! Mr. En-

gels and I wrote this piece to ex-

ploit the majority by the minorities:

I wanted to show those capitalists

that what they’re doing could reach

to their demise! Just look at the

world, what we have come down

to… We need to rebuild!

socIeTy’s Troubles

Everybody has a problem with this

new revolution. What’s yours? For

a personal reply write to Karl,

Swain's Ln, London N6 6PJ and

enclose a stamped, self-addressed

envelope.

O n the 16th of December 1770 in a German town named Bonn, one of the greatest musicians

and entertainers of all time was born. This musician was named Ludwig van Beethoven, who

is considered the greatest pianist of our time. Beethoven started by his father teaching him the arts of music,

but then that soon changed to Beethoven having a professional teacher which was organist C. G. Neefe at elev-

en years old. One year later after being taught by Neefe he went on to publish his first music at age twelve, and

continued being taught by Neefe until 1787 when he went away for Vienna. His first visit there was cut short

due to the fact that he got the news that his mother was dying, five years after his first visit there he went back

to live and work there.

Once he was in Vienna he started to study composition while trying to make a name for himself as a

pianist and a composer. He ended up establishing a good relationship with the town’s aristocracy, who ended

up paying Beethoven’s yearly income for him keeping him in Vienna. In the early 1800 Beethoven’s music

was changing from what he originally did into high classical style and more solo style of playing the piano

which ends up boosting his fame drastically. Unfortunately, while Beethoven was making the musical seen

there was an issue arising, his hearing. Beethoven had just learned that he had a hearing disorder and it was

progressively getting worse overtime. This was making Beethoven into something he previously wasn’t with

his frustration and constant rages in front of people due to his slow loss of hearing. These issues were a big

dent in his social life, causing him to never get a wife or never really talk to women that much anymore. Eve-

rything really started to go downhill for Beethoven, as he could not perform anymore, family members were

going into custody, and he was constantly thinking of killing himself which some say shows in the downfall in

his music where it got less dramatic and some say more bland. This long line of poverty eventually led to the

death of Beethoven in 1827 due to bad health, leaving him as one of the greatest musicians of our time.

Ludwig Van Beethoven

Down

1. Individuals who start new businesses, introduce new

products, and improve management techniques.

2. Working class

3. German imposed taxes on British imports in order to

keep Britain out of Germany.

4. Endowed with citizenship.

6. The uppermost social class, property owners, business

owners, very wealthy.

7. European government policies of the 16th,17th, and

18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade be-

tween a country and its colonies and accumulate pre-

cious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with

there mother country.

12. ______, as well as coastlines and rivers, allowed

transportation around Britain affordable and quick rather

then a much more costly land rout.

Across

5. The application of machinery to manufacturing and

other activities.

8. Invented in 1709 by Abraham Darby, ____= coal with

impurities cooked out, used to make low quality iron.

9. A disease that causes massive diarrhea and was

spread by the feces in the streets.

10. a bone decease caused by lack of sunshine became

endemic a crowded city.

11. Fabric made out of cotton, demand of the people en-

couraged inventors to mechanize manufacturing, power

looms being the first machine in 1815.

13. People who fought for women's right to vote.

14. Invented in 1785 by Samuel Cropmton, the ____

was a mix of the jenny and the water frame and pro-

duced strong and thin (better then any human) fiber

called muslin.

15. The political ideology that originated in Europe in

the 1830's advocated government protection of workers

from exploitation by property owners and government

ownership of industries.

The Industrial Revolution

Crossword

1. Canals

2. Mechanization

3. Mule

4. Coke

5. Textile

6. Rickets

7. Cholera

8. Entrepreneurs

9. Mercantilism

10. Zollverein

11. Suffragists

12. Socialism

13. Bourgeoisie

14. Proletariat

15. Enfranchised

WORD BANK

Music Lessons

When: January 23rd, 1870

Where: Stephen Foster’s

Place

Teacher: Stephen Foster

Lesson Plan: Can teach:

The banjo

The guitar

The harp

The concertina

Price: $5 per hour

CLASSIFIED

Closet Revolution

Clothing Store

Come one and all to The Closet Revolution

Clothing Store and enjoy the latest fashion!

Located near to your closest smoke stack!

Prices range from $250-$400 for both suits and dresses

London Art Museum COMING SOON!

Mark your calendars! As of January 21st, The London

Art Museum will be open to all audiences!

Bring your kids and family! Get out of those parlors

and come have some fun!

Admission: Children– Free!

General Information:

http://quizlet.com/2790485/industrial-revolution-key-terms-flash-cards/ - Also used in crossword.

http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0932661.html

The Inventor’s Stories

http://wallpoper.com/images/00/31/04/58/mathematics-chalkboards_00310458.jpg

Resources.chuh.org/...industrialrevolutinventors.htm

Advice Column:

http://www.biography.com/imported/images/Biography/Images/Profiles/M/Karl-Marx-9401219-1-402.jpg

Advertisement:

http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/cartoon-injured-boy-2005234.jpg

http://www.yourpiecebakingcompany.com/oatcakes

Biography:

http://home.swipnet.se/~w-15266/cultur/ludwig/beetbio.htm

http://media.npr.org/programs/morning/features/2004/dec/beethoven/beethoven_200-

199632a50ec2e28bf9d31617eb0ce756f8144d5e-s6-c30.jpg

Interview:

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/

William_Henry_Harrison_by_Albert_Gallatin_Hoit,_1840_-_DSC03205.JPG

http://img.tfd.com/wiki/a/af/William_H._Harrison.jpg

http://civilwar.illinoisgenweb.org/photos/reedwmhenry.jpg

Http://millercenter.org/president/harrison/essays/biography/2

Gossip Column:

http://theempireoffilms.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/fig-53-mary-shelley-private-collection.jpg?w=652

Classified Ads

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/21.115.3

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AqKQXezEafg/TzXANLtFypI/AAAAAAAACsI/Pjx2xT9UdBo/

s1600/63_xl_AC07765.jpg

http://blog.fairfaxhouse.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/20110731_revfash02.jpg

http://www.preraph.org/gallery/

http://www.delart.org/images/collection_pix/pre_raph/BurneJones_Council.jpg

Letter to the Editor

wathatcher.iweb.bsu.edu/childlabor

Works CITED