The Bioenergy Analysis of Different Seasons The Bioenergy Analysis of Different Seasons in in Chen-Style Tai Chi ChuanChen-Style Tai Chi Chuan Exercise: Exercise: A Case StudyA Case Study

• CHENG, CHIEN MINCHENG, CHIEN MIN11

• NATIONAL KAOHSIUNG UNIVERSITY NATIONAL KAOHSIUNG UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCESOF APPLIED SCIENCES11

• KAOHSIUNG, TAIWANKAOHSIUNG, TAIWAN

• HUANG, SHIN THOHUANG, SHIN THO22

• NATIONAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL NATIONAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTSEDUCATION AND SPORTS22

• TAOYUAN, TAIWANTAOYUAN, TAIWAN

The Bioenergy Analysis of Different Seasons The Bioenergy Analysis of Different Seasons in in Chen-Style Tai Chi ChuanChen-Style Tai Chi Chuan Exercise: Exercise: A Case StudyA Case Study

Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan

IntroductionIntroduction

• In the traditional Chinese medicine In the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), regimen of different seasons is (TCM), regimen of different seasons is an important concept for Yin and Yang, an important concept for Yin and Yang, and the theory of meridian is and the theory of meridian is dependent on Yin and Yang .dependent on Yin and Yang .

• Yin-yang is a concept based on the Yin-yang is a concept based on the theory of Tai chi and the five elements.theory of Tai chi and the five elements.

((Chi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEIChi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEI, , 2003). 2003).

IntroductionIntroduction

• The most important factor about yin-yang The most important factor about yin-yang focuses on the inter-relationship between the focuses on the inter-relationship between the forces of being and non-being. forces of being and non-being.

• Just like the concept of Tai Chi and Wu chi (the Just like the concept of Tai Chi and Wu chi (the opposite of Tai Chi); male and female; positive opposite of Tai Chi); male and female; positive and negative; lightness and darkness; and negative; lightness and darkness; happiness and sadness, and so on…. happiness and sadness, and so on….

((Chi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEIChi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEI, 2003)., 2003).

IntroductionIntroduction

• The major concept of Yin and Yang The major concept of Yin and Yang consists of a force and counterforce consists of a force and counterforce which reciprocally interact with each which reciprocally interact with each other to achieve perfect harmony. other to achieve perfect harmony.

• Therefore, the theory of Yin and Yang Therefore, the theory of Yin and Yang strictly is not talking about things strictly is not talking about things being black or white, right or wrong, or being black or white, right or wrong, or good or bad.good or bad.

((Chi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEIChi Kung Culture Society of TAIPEI, 2003). , 2003).

IntroductionIntroduction

• The meridians are thought to be the patThe meridians are thought to be the pathways for Qi (or bioenergy), which then hways for Qi (or bioenergy), which then circulates throughout the human body. circulates throughout the human body. They originate in the internal organs and They originate in the internal organs and from there travel up to the skin from there travel up to the skin

(Lu et al., 1999). (Lu et al., 1999).

IntroductionIntroduction

• Through the application of sophisticated Through the application of sophisticated instruments and clinical treatments, instruments and clinical treatments, experts in this area have accumulated experts in this area have accumulated their knowledge about physiological and their knowledge about physiological and pathological symptoms along with these pathological symptoms along with these phenomena. phenomena.

• Information of Information of Yin-YangYin-Yang and and Tai ChiTai Chi would would enable us to realize the medical functions enable us to realize the medical functions of of

Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan (CSTCC) and its Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan (CSTCC) and its potential contributions to public health.potential contributions to public health.

IntroductionIntroduction

• CSTCC is a kind of Chinese traditional martial art. CSTCC is a kind of Chinese traditional martial art. It is a traditional Chinese conditioning exercise, cIt is a traditional Chinese conditioning exercise, consisting of 83-step graceful movements linked tonsisting of 83-step graceful movements linked together in a continuous sequence, so that the boogether in a continuous sequence, so that the body is constantly shifting from one foot to the othedy is constantly shifting from one foot to the other. r.

• The regular Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practitioners havThe regular Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practitioners have better postural stability, especially in the more e better postural stability, especially in the more complicated conditions with disturbed visual ancomplicated conditions with disturbed visual and somatosensory conditions (Lin et al, 2000). d somatosensory conditions (Lin et al, 2000).

IntroductionIntroduction

• A series of studies was designed to investigate the eA series of studies was designed to investigate the effect of TCC for developing and maintaining cardiorffect of TCC for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory function in elderly individuals. The resultespiratory function in elderly individuals. The results implied that TCC was beneficial to the cardiorespis implied that TCC was beneficial to the cardiorespiratory in the middle-aged and elderly individuals. ratory in the middle-aged and elderly individuals.

• In the longitudinal studies, researchers demonstratIn the longitudinal studies, researchers demonstrated that long-term TCC practice might delay the decled that long-term TCC practice might delay the decline of cardiorespiratory function and increase VO2ine of cardiorespiratory function and increase VO2max. max.

((Wong et al., 1990; Lai et al., 1993; Lai et al., 1995; Lan et al, 1996Wong et al., 1990; Lai et al., 1993; Lai et al., 1995; Lan et al, 1996).).

IntroductionIntroduction

• The electrical properties of human skin are largThe electrical properties of human skin are largely dependent on body part, environmental conely dependent on body part, environmental conditions and measuring system. ditions and measuring system.

(Martinsen et al., 1997, 1999).(Martinsen et al., 1997, 1999).

• The variations are extensive not only between bThe variations are extensive not only between body parts, however, but also within a smaller arody parts, however, but also within a smaller area on the skin. Various instruments for small areea on the skin. Various instruments for small area electrical measurements have been presented,a electrical measurements have been presented, based e.g., roller electrodes and a suction micr based e.g., roller electrodes and a suction microelectrode. oelectrode.

((Yamamoto et al. 1988; Panescu et al. 1993Yamamoto et al. 1988; Panescu et al. 1993). ).

IntroductionIntroduction

• Cheng and Huang (2002) reveal that the benefitCheng and Huang (2002) reveal that the benefits of Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan practice can be ms of Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan practice can be measured by using Ryodoraku theory, which spreeasured by using Ryodoraku theory, which spread by Yoshio Nakatani was chosen as the theoread by Yoshio Nakatani was chosen as the theoretical basis for investigation. tical basis for investigation.

IntroductionIntroduction

• The result indicated that for the prior practice, thThe result indicated that for the prior practice, the bioenergy value was significantly lower than the bioenergy value was significantly lower than that of the post practice. Additionally, the meridian at of the post practice. Additionally, the meridian electric resistance decreased. And then the value electric resistance decreased. And then the value of bioenergy decreased as the resting times. of bioenergy decreased as the resting times.

• This phenomenon is related to the vitalized neurThis phenomenon is related to the vitalized neural transfer mechanism and smoothed neural potal transfer mechanism and smoothed neural potential, which are triggered by Tai Chi Chuan exercential, which are triggered by Tai Chi Chuan exercises.ises.

IntroductionIntroduction

• Theoretically we have proved the effect of capaTheoretically we have proved the effect of capability for curing disease relevant to the “powerbility for curing disease relevant to the “power” of CSTCC. It is worthy to conduct more investi” of CSTCC. It is worthy to conduct more investigations (Cheng and Huang, 2002). gations (Cheng and Huang, 2002).

• In this article, we carried out bioenergy analyseIn this article, we carried out bioenergy analyses by employing Ryodoraku as the theoretical bas by employing Ryodoraku as the theoretical base for the study, which was proposed by Yoshio se for the study, which was proposed by Yoshio Nakatani. Nakatani.

• ((Nakatani, 1956; Tseng, 2000Nakatani, 1956; Tseng, 2000). ).

SubjectSubject

Male Male Aged 43Aged 43Practice aged of Practice aged of

6 years OF 6 years OF CSTCC since CSTCC since 1996.1996.

Height 167 cm Height 167 cm Weight 63.5 kg. Weight 63.5 kg.

Practicing programsPracticing programs

CSTCC of old form, first sort, and CSTCC of old form, first sort, and combine 83-step movements. combine 83-step movements.

The subject The subject practicedpracticed CSTCC CSTCC

3-5 times per week .3-5 times per week .Audio-video assisted instruction was Audio-video assisted instruction was

provided to facilitate provided to facilitate his practicehis practice, , with individualized instruction also with individualized instruction also emphasized.emphasized.

Research instrument Research instrument

The research instrument The research instrument was the Detecting Systewas the Detecting System of Channel and Acupum of Channel and Acupuncture Points and Bioenncture Points and Bioenergy.ergy.

The design is based on tThe design is based on the principles of the theohe principles of the theory of Ryodoraku made bry of Ryodoraku made by Yoshio Nakatani (Tseng,y Yoshio Nakatani (Tseng, 2000). 2000).

Methods and procedureMethods and procedure

24 channels and acupuncture points were measured us24 channels and acupuncture points were measured using the ing the DSCAPB DSCAPB with the attained values treated as the with the attained values treated as the index indicating changes in bioenergy. index indicating changes in bioenergy.

These indexes also indicated the longitudinal CSTCC prThese indexes also indicated the longitudinal CSTCC practicing benefits prior and 5, 10, 20 minute of post exeracticing benefits prior and 5, 10, 20 minute of post exercise. cise.

This method combines together an A/D interface, a micThis method combines together an A/D interface, a microcomputer, and artificial intelligence technology.rocomputer, and artificial intelligence technology.

It enabled us to automatically calculate, analyze, and jIt enabled us to automatically calculate, analyze, and judge the conditional change of bioenergy values, whicudge the conditional change of bioenergy values, which was a reflection of the meridian phenomena. h was a reflection of the meridian phenomena.

Methods and procedureMethods and procedure• About two hours before the measurement About two hours before the measurement

process, Subject was requested to avoid process, Subject was requested to avoid acute exercise. He then took rest for at least acute exercise. He then took rest for at least 15 to 20 minutes before he was further 15 to 20 minutes before he was further measured with the other acupuncture points.measured with the other acupuncture points.

Methods and procedureMethods and procedure

Methods and procedureMethods and procedure

Data AnalysisData Analysis Using the DSCAPB, we collected the subjUsing the DSCAPB, we collected the subj

ects’ bioengery values of 24 points. ects’ bioengery values of 24 points. A dependentA dependent t- t-test was carried out to cotest was carried out to co

mpare difference seasons both before anmpare difference seasons both before and after CSTCC practice, and pre- and 5, 10,d after CSTCC practice, and pre- and 5, 10, 20 minutes post-exercise of the experime 20 minutes post-exercise of the experiment. nt.

The significance level was set to be .05. The significance level was set to be .05.

Results, Discussion and Results, Discussion and ConclusionsConclusions

The results showed that there was signifiThe results showed that there was significantly difference in four levels (Pre, Post cantly difference in four levels (Pre, Post 5, Post 10 and Post 20 minute) of CSTCC p5, Post 10 and Post 20 minute) of CSTCC practice by bioenergy.ractice by bioenergy.

The Figure 7 show that the difference in fThe Figure 7 show that the difference in four periods time of CSTCC practice points our periods time of CSTCC practice points bioenergy value from A Pre (23.42μA) to B bioenergy value from A Pre (23.42μA) to B Post 5 minute (95.96 μA).Post 5 minute (95.96 μA).

ResultsResults

80.2

95.96

77.5469.29

23.33

80.13

57.1245.08

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Pre Post 5 min Post 10 min Post 20min

Time

μA

SummerAutumn

Fig. 7 Comparison of Points bioenergy during CSTCC exercise of pre, post 5, post10 and post 20 minute in different seasons

ResultsResults

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Pre Post 5 min Post 10 min Post 20min

Time

μA

Summer

Autumn

Fig.8 Various distributions of bioenergy during CSTCC exercise in different seasons

ResultsResults

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

lh1 rh1 lh2 rh2 lh3 rh3 lh4 rh4 lh5 rh5 lh6 rh6 lf1 rf1 lf2 rf2 lf3 rf3 lf4 rf4 lf5 rf5 lf6 rf6 Mean

Hands and Feet Points

(μA)

Value

of m

eridia

ns ele

ctric

conduc

tion BPRE

BPOST 5 MIN

BPOST 10 MIN

BPOST 20 MIN

Figure9.Various distributions of bioenergy value in 2002 summer CSTCC practice.

ResultsResults

Figure10. Various distributions of bioenergy value in 1999 autumn CSTCC practice.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

lh1 rh1 lh2 rh2 lh3 rh3 lh4 rh4 lh5 rh5 lh6 rh6 lf1 rf1 lf2 rf2 lf3 rf3 lf4 rf4 lf5 rf5 lf6 rf6 Mean

Hands and Feet Points

(μA)

Valu

e of m

eridia

ns ele

ctric

conduc

tion APRE

APOST 5 MIN

APOST 10 MIN

APOST 20 MIN

DiscussionDiscussion

To summarize, this study found that there was To summarize, this study found that there was a significant difference in bioenergy due to diffea significant difference in bioenergy due to different practice accumulated time (Cheng and Hurent practice accumulated time (Cheng and Huang, 2002). ang, 2002).

We suspected that the subjects’ Practice time We suspected that the subjects’ Practice time of CSTCC is the focus factors.of CSTCC is the focus factors.

DiscussionDiscussion

This phenomenon is related to the vitalized This phenomenon is related to the vitalized neural transfer mechanism and smoothed neural transfer mechanism and smoothed neural potential, which are triggered by Tai neural potential, which are triggered by Tai Chi Chuan exercises. Chi Chuan exercises.

The research findings suggest that CSTCC The research findings suggest that CSTCC practicing enables metabolic improvement practicing enables metabolic improvement and contributes to smooth blood circulation. and contributes to smooth blood circulation.

DiscussionDiscussion

The results provided implications for health preThe results provided implications for health preservation science. servation science.

We can find out the effects of CSTCC practice by We can find out the effects of CSTCC practice by bioenergy analysis and there have positive effebioenergy analysis and there have positive effects to prevent disease. cts to prevent disease.

ConclusionsConclusions

The result indicated that for the prior practice, tThe result indicated that for the prior practice, the bioenergy value was significantly lower than he bioenergy value was significantly lower than that of the post practice. that of the post practice.

There were significant differences of bioenergy There were significant differences of bioenergy values between seasons, and the summer periovalues between seasons, and the summer period values are higher then the autumn ones. d values are higher then the autumn ones.

This finding was compatible with that of Cheng This finding was compatible with that of Cheng and Huang (2002, 2003). Cheng also found that, and Huang (2002, 2003). Cheng also found that, the practice of any kind of TCC would generate sithe practice of any kind of TCC would generate similar effects for wellness and health promotion. milar effects for wellness and health promotion.

Future Future

The feature bioenergy research will focuThe feature bioenergy research will focus on the Elite athlete of different item durs on the Elite athlete of different item during different seasons time.ing different seasons time.

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

AUTHOR: AUTHOR: CHENG CHIEN CHENG CHIEN MIN (JIMMY)MIN (JIMMY)

E-MAIL:E-MAIL: cmjimmy.cheng@msa.hinetcmjimmy.cheng@msa.hinet.net.net

COAUTH0R: COAUTH0R: HUANG SHIN HUANG SHIN THOTHO

E-MAIL:E-MAIL: shintho@mail.ncpes.edu.twshintho@mail.ncpes.edu.tw