The Battle of Gettysburg

Krista FarnerEDUC 462

November 30, 20105th Grade

Social Studies klf5172@psu.edu

Dr. Coffman

• “The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here”

• ~ The Gettysburg Address, by President Abraham Lincoln

What led up to Gettysburg?

• In 1860, President Abraham Lincoln was elected. This caused 11 southern states to leave the Union.

• On April 12, 1861, The Confederates attacked Fort Sumter. This event started the Civil War.

• May 1-3, 1863. General Lee led Confederate troops to victory at Chancellorsville, Virginia.

• June 28, 1863 ,General Robert E. Lee and Lieutenant General James Longstreet were in Chambersburg, PA and receive word that the Union Army is headed to Pennsylvania.

• June 30, 1863, Two brigades of Union cavalry enter Gettysburg. Finding signs of Confederates nearby to the Northwest, The calvary sends word to Major General John Reynolds in Emmitsburg, Maryland to bring the infantry immediately.

What was a union soldier like?Union Soldiers

What was a Confederate Soldier like?Confederate Soldiers

The Events of Gettysburg • The Battle of Gettysburg went on for three

days. • July 1 • July 2 • July 3 • Aftermath

Day 1

• At 7:00 am the first shots were fired on McPherson’s Ridge, by Union Calvary.

• The confederate troops formed lines and advanced up the ridge.

• It took about 3 hours for General Reynolds and the infantry to get there.

• He sent word for reinforcement, and General Reynolds was later killed.

• Though the Union reinforcements arrived. The Confederates pushed the Union line back passed the Lutheran Seminary onto Cemetery Hill

Day 1

• By 4:30 that day the fighting was over. • The causality count was about

– Union-25,000 – Confederate-35,000

• The outcome of the battle was still not decided.

Day 2 • Before dawn, General Meade, and thousands of

reinforcements arrived and formed a hook shape from Culp’s hill along Cemetery Ridge stopping at Little Round Top.

• General Dan Sickles (Union) moved his troops away from the fishhook shape to peach orchard. He misinterpreted the original order and left Little Round Top basically undefended.

• The Confederates attacked the Union troops that moved to Peach Orchard which stretched to Devil’s Den . There were heavy causalities.

• Fighting then moved to Little Round Top which is an invaluable signal post of Union Troops.

• The battle raged on throughout the night at Culp’s Hill, The union troops led by Col. Chamberlin where able to hold Little Round Top.

Day 2

• The battle at Little Round Top. This is from the Movie Gettysburg.

Day 2

Day 3 • The fighting at Culp’s Hill ended in the very early hours of the morning.

The confederates withdrew • The confederates opened up with cannon fire.• Union replied but decided to conserve their ammunition. The

confederates thought they took the Union guns out. This would be a crucial mistake.

• 9 confederate brigades under General Pickett marched in open field to the front line. This is what became known as Pickett’s Charge.

• General Pickett’s division was crushed. He is quoted saying later to General Lee, "General, I have no division..."

Day 3

Aftermath • By July 13, 1863 the last of the

Confederate troops were out of Gettysburg.

• The Civil War continued to rage on until 1865.

• On April 9, 1865, General Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia.

Aftermath

• November 19, 1863 the Gettysburg Address

Causalities

People who were there •Jennie Wade •John Burns

•Dr. Johnathan Letterman •Private Wesley Culp

Jennie Wade

• The only civilian to be killed at the battle of Gettysburg she was 20 years old.

• She lived in Gettysburg and worked as a seamstress.

• She was shot by Confederate sharpshooters on July 3, 1863 while making biscuits in her family’s kitchen.

John Burns • The 69 year old constable of

Gettysburg, and a veteran of the War of 1812.

• On the morning of July 1, 1863, John Burns grabbed his flintlock musket and went out to join the Union troops.

• He was wounded 3 times that day and was captured, but he was released a short time later.

• He became a national hero for what he did that day. “ The Old Hero of Gettysburg”

• He died in 1872 and there is now a statue made in his honor.

Dr. Jonathan Letterman• A Dr. who was the medical director

for the army of the Potomac.• He invented a medical system that

became known as the “ Letterman System.” to help wounded soldiers on the battlefield.

• The system had rapidly moving ambulance wagons, each commanded by a lieutenant.

• This allowed soldiers that usually would lay on the battlefield for days, could be evacuated more quickly.

Private Wesley Culp

• A native of Gettysburg. His uncle owned Culp’s Hill.

• He moved away from Gettysburg to Virginia, when he was a teenager due to his job.

• When the Civil war broke out he enlisted with the South.

• He ended up fighting near or on the Hill his family owned and he was shot and killed.

History in our backyard!

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Gettysburg is Here!

The Battle of Gettysburg

• To Learn More, Go to• http://www.nps.gov/gett/index.htm• http://www.army.mil/gettysburg/flash.html

THE END

Hope you enjoyed the show!

Reference • http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/abpp/battles/pa002.htm • http://www.visit-gettysburg.com/the-battle-of-gettysburg-timeline.html• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvA0J_2ZpIQ • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Gettysburg_Battle_Map_Day1.png • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/0/0f/20060628154002!Gettysburg_Battle_Map_Day2.jpg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gettysburg_Battle_Map_Day3.png• http://www.army.mil/gettysburg/profiles/wade.html • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYDhAmjmxYk&feature=related• http://www.nps.gov/getc/index.htm • http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/pennsylvania/gettysburg • http://americancivilwar.com/getty.html • http://www.sitemason.com/files/cwC1LG/reenactor1.JPG• http://www.history2u.com/lincoln_gettysburg_sepia.jpg • http://www.confederateamericanpride.com/music.html• http://www.civilwarartillery.com/sounds/default.htm• http://www.civilwarmusic.net/display_song.php?song=battlehymn • http://www.teachwithmovies.org/samples/gettysburg-files/union-soldiers.jpg • http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/img/display_media.php?mets_filename=evm00001203mets.xml&resolution=lowres • http://www.confederateamericanpride.com/music.html • http://www.nps.gov/archive/gett/GETTKIDZ/culpw.htm

Reference • http://www.army.mil/gettysburg/profiles/letterman.html• http://www.army.mil/gettysburg/profiles/burns.html• http://www.nps.gov/archive/gett/getttour/sidebar/pickett.htm • http://www.confederateamericanpride.com/blueflag.mid• 1997 maps.com Geopharix• Trumpet, Bugle, cannon, and civil war soldier are MS office clipart. • http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/files/storyphotos/GETT-Cemetery%20Ridge

%20NPS.jpg?1275325275 • http://americancivilwar.com/north/lincoln.html • http://july1863.homestead.com/files/John_Burns_Statue.JPG