The Architect Issue 5, 2014

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January - March 2014 Issue No. 5

RCHITECTTHE

The official magazine of the Architects Chapter, Architectural Association of Kenya

INS

IDE

ARCHITECTS AS INITIATORS OF CHANGE IN KENYA PIMP MY DESIGN? ON VISUALIZATION, DIGITAL PROTOTYPING AND FABRICATION

AAK MEMBERS LISTING AAK CALENDAR OF EVENTSCPTED IN PUBLIC SPACES: RESTORATION OF WESTGATE SHOPPING MALL

AAK Awards of EXCELLENCE

in Architecture

The Architect, Issue 5, January-March 2014

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ContentsEDITORIAL BOARD

Editor-in-ChiefArch Caleb Mutali

ContributorsArch Emma Miloyo,

Arch Rakhee KantariaArch Winnie C. KalyaArch Dennis Karanja

DesignCreative Bridge

[email protected]

The Architect is the official journal of the Architects Chapter of the Architec-tural Association of Kenya. It is pub-lished quarterly and acts as the mouth-piece of the Kenyan architects. Its well researched content keeps practitioners in the building industry up to date with current trends in the field.

The Editor invites contributions in form of articles, letters, opinions and sug-gestions. It is the Editor’s discretion to accept or reject any of the contributions. Such contributions may be edited for brevity and clarity. Contributions should be sent to:

The Architect AAK - Architects ChapterThe Professional Centre,

Parliament RoadP.O. Box 44258 - 00100

Nairobi

Tel: +254 20 2224806Fax: +254 20 2220582Mobile: 0721 691 337Email: [email protected]

28 AAK Awards ceremony

34 Pimp my design? On Visualization, digital prototyping and fabrication

5 Architects as initiators of change in Kenya

6 Winning designs in the AAK Excellence in Architecture Awards

30 CPTED in public spaces: Restoration of Westgate Shopping Mall

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From the editor’s desk

The Ointment in the Fly

So- what is in a name? In William Shakespeare’s play Romeo and Juliet, while arguing that

the names of things do not matter, only what the things “are”, Juliet quips “What’s in a

name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet!” Fortunately, in this

much acclaimed play, she lived in an era of nobility where the quintessence of substances mattered, but not so in this age.

Fast forward to the 21st Century and reflect for a moment on the names of some of the much sought after residential neigh-

bourhoods in Kenya- I name but a few: Runda, Muthaiga and Karen in Nairobi, Nyali and Tudor (yes, christened after that

royal Welsh dynasty ruled the United Kingdom) in Mombasa, the Milimanis of Kisumu, Kitale and Nakuru, the Elgon View

and Kapsoya of Eldoret. Do not all these romanticised names elicit a longing of “when I grow up, I wanna…”

It is the pride of every architect when one is commissioned to design a residential or commercial unit in these areas, for

these for with such names, how can one not summon all their creative juices as they sketch and plan for the new develop-

ment, even invoking that divine intervention will infuse that “wow!” factor into the project? But that is about all they turn

out to be, interesting and embellished works of art limited within the perimeter of the boundaries that define the property.

Should one seek ‘zoom out’ to pan over the context in which they sit, one quickly picks out the ointment in the fly (sic) and

exposes the ‘Grand-theft houses’ heist ; one is confronted by run down and not-up-to-scratch support infrastructure which

consists of poor urban design elements. Take a peek and the heading of the scam bare before your very eyes: piped comes

only twice a week so you need a borehole and an underground water reservoir. The streets leading up to these hyped

‘gems’ have dumpsters teeming with garbage at the nodes; roads extremely narrow, sometimes, with no sidewalks for pe-

destrians to amble without having to worry about safety with fast vehicular traffic alongside.

In Nairobi, in the so called ‘posh’ areas of Hurlingham and Parklands, most narrow lanes do not have bollards and other

appropriate street furniture and it is not uncommon to find pedestrians having to make a choice between scampering for

safety towards open storm-water drains that flank these roads and risking or risk their lives at the mercy of furiously-driven

cars. The same neighbourhoods, their big names notwithstanding, do not have easy access to convenience stores, street

lighting, bus lays, never mind that they are not served by decent means of public transport. Should you, being part of the

nouveau-riche finally grow up and save enough to buy into neighbourhoods, you will be scandalised to learn that newer

available plots areas are defined by untarmacked access roads and largely incomplete civil works. Police stations are perma-

nently on your list and because you pay more tax, you must pay for private security as well. After tricking you to buy and the

cheque safely pocketed, the developer, pointing at the zonal masterplan, has the cheek to add with that now familiar saintly

look that “there are plans for a dual carriageway to pass here and it will just border your lot, so the value of your property

will soon triple. In fact, it has just been approved by Cabinet and it will be endorsed in the next County Council meeting…”

Huh! Tell it to the birds!

Meanwhile, as you pay top-dollar for land rates and struggle to service your mortgage, your children, who are the real

victims, have no playing fields and must remain indoors since, the community’s security chief warns, the estate has now

become a haunt of malefactors.

So, what is the catch here? What did one buy? Privacy? - my foot! So, what’s in a name? Is this an camouflaged ‘Mukuru’?

Arch. Caleb Mutali

Editor

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From the Chair’s desk

It has been indeed a vibrant start of the year and in overall a very successful one. We started the year on a high note with the Excellence in Architecture awards which proved to be quite as success. Jury members were drawn from all over Africa. The Award ceremony was

conducted on February 21st 2014 at the Intercontinental Hotel after the Chapter AGM and was graced by Ambassador Martin Kimani, permanent representative of Kenya to UN Habitat.

ADVOCACY AND OUTREACH/ CPD EVENTS OVER THE LAST YEAR Golf Tournament: Friday the 25th of April 2014 we held our Annual Golf Tournament, the 14th since inception. It was an excellent tournament, with a record number of participants and sponsorship.

County Governments Memorandum: The Chapter has prepared a comprehensive memorandum to be distributed to all county governments through the Transition Authority so as to insure that matters built environment are addressed in a structured and professional manner. Of importance to the Chapter: Development of an integrated master plan by counties, sharing of database of architects in good standing with the said counties for easy reference, Procurement of professional services to be guided by statute and Drawing approval process in all counties to be streamlined.

Revised Construction Permits Rates: The chapter notes with concern that the County of Nairobi has increased con-struction permit fees quite significantly. We feel that this is a very critical issue as it may have a negative impact on the construction industry as a whole. An audience with the Governor was held late last year jointly with KPDA (Kenya Property Developers Association). We continue to ardently pursue this matter jointly with KPDA and KEPIN (Kenya Property Industry Network).

Architecture Museum: The Chapter is preparing a concept paper for an Architecture Museum to be hosted by the AAK. This main objective of this is to have a proper archiving system for buildings of great importance to the country. The pos-sibility of having a virtual archiving system is being pursued. The Chapter is looking for partners to fund the initiative.

Social Media: The Chapter launched its Facebook page and Twitter handle as a way of engaging more interactively with the membership and public at large and keeping them informed of activities and events. So far this has been very suc-cessful. The Facebook page has about 550 likes and the Twitter handle about 335 followers. In the same spirit of engaging more with members, the chapter has also launched a digital version of the magazine at the beginning of this year. The e-magazine has been uploaded on the link www.thearchitectmagazine.com. This online presence will enable the magagzine have a reach beyond that of the Chapter only. Members of AAk and the public will be able to give real time feedback on the articles.

2013 EAIA “100 Years of Architecture” Project: Through an outreach to the members, Kenya has submitted the follow-ing buildings: Kipande House, Railway Headquarters, City Hall, The Kenya High School, Parliament Building, IPS building, KICC, ICEA Building, Don Bosco Church, Coca Cola Headquarters, Upperhill, Oceanic Hotel, Catholic University of Eastern Af-rica, Aga Khan Academy, Kenya Commercial BankAfrican Union of Architects (AUA): The chapter continues to be actively involved in the international affiliate institutions, having been represented at all major meetings and fora.

International Union of Architects ( UIA): The UIA will be hosting its Congress in Durban South Africa in August 2014. The AAK is planning to send a delegation down to Durban. Members are welcome to participate in this.

We look forward to engaging further with you throughout the year and to an even more successful year ahead.

Arch. Emma Miloyo

Chair, AAK Architects Chapter


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OPINION

ARCHITECTS AS INITIATORS OF CHANGE IN KENYABy Rakhee Kantaria

Kenyan architects are working in con-

texts characterised by poverty, envi-

ronmental chaos, rapid urbanisation

and at times, political violence. Their profes-

sion validity is at stake unless the social and

physical priorities dictated by these contexts

are identified and adopted. The profession’s

effective contributions to development and

to economically and politically weaker com-

munities must be addressed.

In Kenya, an attempt to capsule into a

short time span the experience of centuries in

terms of thoughts, methods and technologi-

cal changes has led to a disruption of local

systems and the erasure of local identities. In

addition to the imposition of alien cultures by

colonial powers, Kenya was also victim to the

failed development strategies of the post-

colonial period where intervention was mo-

tivated by political influence and commercial

interest and not based on urgency and need.

It is now realised that development is

not only economic gain but also the abil-

ity to emancipate people from mechanisms

that exploit them. One of the most impor-

tant achievements in modern architectural

thought and design is the historical shift from

the public, monumental emphasis to that of

the individual in a more unified global con-

text emphasising the poorer people of the

world.

Why then do architects in Kenya end up

working for a small percentage of the social

strata... the economic elite? In the private sec-

tor, architects are providing professional ser-

vices of high quality to the financially well-off.

Now, the importance of these services can-

not be gainsaid but considering that

the majority of the population cannot

afford them, is this justified? There

are of course various involvements

in, for example, the provision of low

cost housing projects but private en-

terprises are overwhelmed by the ob-

stacles to the progress of work due to

the highly bureaucratic government

organizations.

In the public sector, isolation from

the initial decision-making and again,

rigid bureaucracies restricts the role of

architects to participation at the tech-

nical level rather than being effective

as initiators of innovative approaches

to environmental change at all politi-

cal, social and technical levels. Unless

new roles are defined, and architects’

influence is extended to serve the un-

disputed majority, many environmen-

tal issues will continue to be based on

political or economic factors rather

than the technical issues.

The extent of the architect’s role

and influence in Kenya is based on

reactionary approach rather than

long-term. There is a dependence on

individual initiative rather than the

institutionalisation of advanced con-

cepts and approaches which could

survive the constant flux of political,

social and environmental changes.

The low-middle income urban and

rural dwellers are continually forced to ac-

cept the lowest standard of services which

unfortunately are incorporated in planning

policies.

Two aspects of essential consideration in

the architectural development in Kenya are

instability and cultural identity. Traditional

lifestyles have been disrupted due to external

forces such as mass displacements of people

due to political violence or hunger; reloca-

tions have occurred due to natural disasters

or shifts in land uses, overwhelming forces of

urbanisation have changed the character of

towns and villages alike. This is the alien con-

text in which a vast majority of Kenyans find

themselves and they are unable to adjust.

The retention of existing cultural identi-

ties is as basic to the development of a peo-

ple as the provision of basic facilities. It is the

only way that communities will appreciate

changes and guarantee their continuity. Any

new system must evolve from and be built

on cultural inheritance. Architects should not

only have attained greater knowledge of their

local environments but also a respect and ap-

preciation for the established systems they

are based upon. This will ensure that archi-

tects are always viewing problems from with-

in and not assuming roles far above the reach

of people and beyond their comprehension.

Architects must formulate effective roles

in community groups at grass root level

where the only predictable forces at work are

those of continuous change. The process of

change can be achieved through vital edu-

cational and research programmes prepar-

ing future professionals to be ready for this

role. A deeper knowledge of local history and

absorption of local and global experiences is

the future architect’s fundamental tool in the

process.

Architecture should be conceived as a

public service and architects as initiators of

change for the benefit of the poorer masses.

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In a span of less than a 100 years,

Kenya has transformed magnifi-

cently in terms of architectural de-

velopment. From a period when the

two storey Kipande house, then a rail

warehouse, was the tallest building to

a time that the Times Tower overlooks

the city from over 30 floors in height.

From a period when the coun-

tryside was but a wilderness that Af-

ricans hunted in, farmed and grazed

their livestock to the bustling cities of

Kisumu and Mombasa. Architecture

has transformed the topography and

it does the same to the lifestyle of the

people as well. To recognise and ap-

preciate the milestones achieved in

this sector, the Architectural Associa-

tion of Kenya, with sponsorship from

paint manufacturers Duracoat, organ-

ised an award of excellence in the vari-

ous sectors.

“Architecture is not just important,

but it reflects who we are as we spend

most of our time, either in the offices

or at home, within this built environ-

ment and it is thus crucial to recognise

the efforts put in by this profession,”

said Ambassador Dr Martin Kimani,

Head of Mission to the UN Nairobi as

he presided over the ceremony at the

Hotel Intercontinental.

The panel of four judges (Flora

Runumi- Uganda, Evans Williams An-

fom- Ghana, and Henning Rasmuss-

South Africa) was headed by Kenyan

veteran architect, Dr David Mutiso.

The team spent two days sieving

through the presentations and nomi-

nations and below is the list of Kenya’s

AAK Awards of Excellence in Architecture The Rebirth of Kenyan Architecture

best in the various categories, accord-

ing to the judges. Interesting, none of

the projects entered for the best inte-

rior design category met internation-

al standards according to the judges

and therefore no award was given on

that category.

Architecture is not just important, but it reflects who we are as we spend most of our time in it.

BEST RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROJECT Winner: Residential Plot 7158 / 509, (Nairobi) –

Studio InfinityFinalists: - Tudor Apartments, Mombasa – Urko

Sanchez - Radhadesh House, Gigiri, Nairobi –

Hitesh Mehta, 1998 - Lakeview Birdwing Plan, Nyari Estate,

Nairobi – Vetle Jorgensen, 1995

BEST COMMERCIAL BUILDING PROJECT Winner: The Courtyard, Westlands, Nairobi –

Bowman Associates ArchitectsFinalists: - Coca-Cola East & Central Africa Business

Unit Head Office, Upper Hill – TRIAD Architects & GAPP Architects & Urban Designers – 2008

- KPCU Clean Coffee Warehouse, Nairobi – TRIAD Architects, 1978

BEST HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY PROJECT Winner: Red Pepper House, Lamu – Urko Sanchez

Architects, 2012Finalist: Mpata Safari Club, Masai Mara – TRIAD

Architects & Edward Suzuki & Associates, 1978

BEST CULTURAL BUILDING PROJECT Winner: Manda Airport, Lamu – Adventis Inhouse

Africa Architects

BEST EDUCATIONAL PROJECT Winner: GarbaTulla School, Isiolo – Triad

Architects, 1978Finalists: - Oleleshwa Primary School – Geoffrey

Ochieng Wasonga - Strathmore Phase III – Lexicon & ION

Architects

BEST CONCEPT / ONGOING PROJECT Winner: Proposed Pwani University, Kilifi – Otto

Mruttu & Partners, AssociatesFinalist: School of Business, Kenyatta University –

Axis Consulting Architects

MENTIONKenyan Parliament – Triad Architects : 1964 (Second

Phase)

WINNERS AND FINALIST IN VARIOUS CATEGORIES

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The project is best described as “a

restrained and comforting house

that delights through its welcom-

ing scale, calm use of pleasant materials,

and generous sense of easy living. Avoid-

ing the decorative coatings or commonly

applied cladding of many modern single

family houses, this design is truthful in its

use of materials. It resonates with tropical

house types in many African and global

locations, and joins a long tradition of

calm places for family life, defined by an

ease with which nature and people share

urban or semi-urban plots of land.

Best Residential Building ProjectLocation: Plot 7158 / 509, Nairobi Architect: Studio Infinity

THE

WIN

NER

S AT

A G

LAN

CE


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The Architect magazine has featured this

project in full in a previous issue. It is a

sure winner in its category. It was pre-

sented as a compact and appropriately scaled

building, with pleasing proportions and suffi-

cient detail for everyday business life. Its heart

is a serene and balanced space, extraordinary

for its sense of drama. This project shows that

it is possible to create uplifting places in the

sometimes nondescript new development

zones along previously suburban streets in

densifying cities across Kenya and the conti-

nent.

Best Commercial building projectLocation: Westlands, Nairobi Architect: Bowman Associates

The Courtyard


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Design parameters

Plot area - 3888 sqm

Gross built area: Lower ground floor parking - 1541sqm Ground floor offices - 1027 sqm Sub-total - 2568 sqm

1st floor - 1027 sqm2nd floor - 1027 sqm3rd floor - 1027 sqmSub-total - 3081sqm

TOTAL - 5649 SQM

Covered parking bays - 52On site parking bays - 55Total parking bays - 107

PROJECT INFORMATION

Developer: PDM Kenya for Agha Khan Development NetworkDate of construction: Jan 2010 to Jan 2011

Commissioning: Architectural competition

Function: Speculative offices

Planning concept: Green office building Utilising African themed materials and

methodologies with islamic design features and elements

Design concept: Highly flexible office Accommodation designed to cater for any tenancy

configuration from multiple tenancies through to single corporate occupants


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Location: Lamu

Architect: Urko Sanchez Architects,

2012

Situated at the Kenyan coast,

right on the shore line, this is

a truly exceptionally crafted

building, nestled with ex-

treme care and a unique sense of flair

and daring into its coastal forest set-

ting. The building footprint is almost

divined out of the forces at play on the

site. The assembly process is as rigor-

ously considered and expressed as

the research that underlies the intelli-

gent engagement with the client. The

project is lovingly made, and is pre-

sented with a care and consideration

that shows true passion for the art and

the craft of architecture.

Best Hospitality Industry Project

Red Pepper House


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Client Brief

We will let the architects tell the story in their own words

The client wanted a private resi-dence that shared a connection with Lamu but was secluded from the main town itself. He had a passion for archi-tecture and at the same time liked to be in contact with nature.

Combining these two attributes, a chance was presented to create a form of organic architecture that had a bal-ance of traditional craft and modern comfort.

The client had great respect for the environment and wished that the design process preserved the forest as much as possible. Likewise, the con-struction process and eventually the running of the building were to share the same attribute.

The house was to be designed in zones that could be occupied by the whole family or reduced to one when he was alone. The client also had a knee problem, which meant that the house would have to be designed on one floor to avoid him climbing stairs.

He is a major contributor to the Aniclan Children’s Shelter that lies not far behind the plot and desired to have a close relationship with the orphan-age.

Eventually, the client would like to profit from a design where parts of the house could be rented out yet still maintain a barrier of privacy between the occupiers and himself.

With this, Urko Sanchez Architects ventured out to create a work of organ-ic architecture: The Red Pepper House.

Concept Design

Approach and situation on the ground


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Design development

One of our greatest challenges was accessibility. Lamu is located in a very remote area of Kenya; it is an is-land of limited resources; transport is conducted soley by boat dhow or don-key’s back.

The Red Pepper House was built accordingly by utilizing locally sourced elements: We had to think comprehen-sively about how to simplify construc-tion methods and stick to the very es-sence of the project.

Materials and expertise had to be local. We needed to integrate tradi-tional materials and their centuries-old applications along with 21st Century design and an environmentally sound sensibility. There it is. But only if you know where it is, will you find it.

The Red Pepper House has merged with the forest. It cannot be perceived from the sea. It is hidden. Lost. Only to be found again.

Overall, we wanted to create something we believed in, somewhere that would provide maximum, inher-ent enjoyment of being in a forest, next to a beach, on the cusp of the unique Lamu town, a UNESCO World

Heritage Site.

Ecological energy systems

In order to exploit the sunny cli-mate of Lamu, the project hosts tow solar collection devices. Solar water heaters absorb the sunlight and use the energy to heat water. The advan-tage of these solar heaters is that hot water is available on demand through-out the course of the day without neg-atively affecting the environment.

It only seems right that the same idea is incorporated in generating power and thus the project also uses photovoltaic cells to provide electricity to the house.

Like the construction process, the use of solar energy ensures that the running of the building also keeps a very low carbon footprint having mini-mal impact on the environment. The house accomodates a water tower that uses the theory of gravity to send wa-ter to the taps and showers and eradi-cates the need for a pressure pump.


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Location: Lamu

Architects: Adventis Inhouse Africa

Another winner from Lamu. The architect describes it as a finely crafted, uplifting and

truly civic building that respects the soul of the stressed and hurrying traveller, and

the spirit of place of the historic town near which it is set. A richly textured and poetic

alternative to the prosaic, mostly unbearable and soulless places that punctuate travel in re-

mote locations in Kenya and across the world. A true Place to Be, while you are on your way to

somewhere else.

Best Cultural Building Project

Manda Airport

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Location: Isiolo

Architects: TRIAD Architects, 1978

In a desolate and harsh landscape, this project is a subtle

and thoughtful exemplar of the ability of geometry and

proportion, rhythm and repetition to order the world.

This building is an eloquent yet clipped lecture on the

beauty of tectonics, the delight of making, and a sparse-

ness of effort, materials and detail that is forward-looking

for our hot, flat and crowded planet and Kenya in the 21st

century. It is reassuring to see that almost two generations

ago, architects in Kenya were practising obviously appropri-

ate ‘green architecture’ through a deep understanding of

place, opportunity, material and people’s skills and needs.’

Best Educational Project

Garba Tulla School

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Location: Kilifi

Architect: Otto Mruttu & Partners

Yet another winner from the Coast! The

architect describes it as an intelligent

and suitably ordered project in a ram-

bling campus landscape, this project shows

that cultural references can be respectfully

absorbed into modern buildings without re-

sorting to cheap façade antics. This is a col-

lection of buildings that whisper instead of

shouting, and that betray a confidence of line

and detail which should result in a fine envi-

ronment for large gatherings of people once

it is built.’

Best Concept/ongoing project

Proposed Sports Fields and Sports Facilities for Pwani University


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Project description

The proposed Sports Fields and Sports Facilities for Pwani University is an ongoing project scheduled to be tendered for con-struction works to commence in July 2014.

The project was awarded to a consor-tium led by Otto Mruttu & Partners after competitive evaluations of Request for Pro-posals in 2012.

Otto Mruttu & Partners were commis-sioned to design and administer the con-struction contract for the sports complex which is part od a master plan prepared for Pwani University by other consultants.

The proposed project covers a total area of 75,800sqm with Sports Fields com-prising of: spectators’ stand, refreshment stand, storage areas, equipment room, small first aid room, running tracks with steeple chase facilities, swimming pool, two foot-ball fields, tennis and netball courts, hockey fields,sports office and areas for: javelin, tri-ple jump, high jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put and pole vaulting. The indoor sports complex housing comprises: open floor gym, washrooms and changing rooms, squash courts, physio rooms, general health club, badminton courts, basketball court, studios and recreational sports.


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Location: Tudor Creek, Mombasa Island

Architect: Urko Sanchez Architects

Looks like if you want to win, consider the Kenyan Coast and you’ll be on the roll! Well, we will let the consultants explain for this proj-ect. Fourteen apartments, Tudor Creek Mombasa Island. Quite the

assignment for us, representing a new frontier, a new experience, a new breakthrough.

First, there was the plot, long and narrow, facing East. Then the chal-lenge of translating our contemporary Swahili style, without existing references to draw upon, to a ground-breaking highrise structure - one that would stand out beautifully on the peninsula. In light of these con-siderations, our initial threshold was to apply solutions we had used in horizontal projects to a vertical realization.

The apartments, accordingly, will benefit from the experience of out-door living, contact with nature and the integration of the surroundings into each private home.

Simultaneously, we are maximizing views over the creek. Three styles of apartment will be featured primarily with three bedrooms, each accommodated with underground parking. The Tudor Apartments will also offer splendid tower living and a penthouse.

Finalist in Best Concept/Ongoing Project category

Tudor Apartments


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Location: Nairobi, Kenya

Architect: TRIAD ARCHITECTS: 1964 (SECOND PHASE)

Parliament buildings - one of the definitory icons of Nairobi’s skyline. If

you haven’t seen it, you haven’t been to Nairobi. A surprisingly confident

and skilled use of modernist line, mannerist delight and almost baroque

drama and composition, this fine civic building sets itself apart from the often

literal symbolism and ponderous expressive urges of post-colonial buildings for

the functioning of African governments. It is important to realise that a building

of such elegant forceful expression and such staying power was executed by a

very young architect of limited experience, but evidently of natural and deep-

seated skill and discretion.

SPECIAL MENTION

Parliament Buildings

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Awards of in Architecture 2014The evening in pictures

Speeches and discussions

EXCELLENCE

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Awards of in Architecture 2014 Below: Winners show off their awards

Below: Guests pose for photos


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INTRODUCTION

Crime Prevention though Environmental Design (CPTED) is a pro-active crime prevention strategy utilized by planners,

architects, police services, security professionals and everyday users of space. It is based on the notion that proper design and effective use of the built environment can lead to a reduction in the incidence of crime and improve quality of life.

Safety and security in public spaces is becoming

a necessity today as terrorism becomes a reality in

the developing world. Security concerns have been

for a long time of low concern to planners, architects

and engineers making inclusion in the building

process almost unheard of or reduced to mostly fire

preparedness. The recent terrorist attack on Westgate

Mall is a wake-up call for architects and engineers to

think about how safe and secure the spaces they design

are. All discerning Kenyans have to demand crime

prevention features to be incorporated in the design of

buildings. It is against this background that information

and practice of CPTED should be encouraged with the

aim of creating safer public spaces.

Crime Prevention Though Environmental Design in Public Spaces Restoration of Westgate Shopping Mall Arch. Winnie C. Kalya (M.A.A.K, Reg.Arch); AAK (Architects’ Chapter)

National Construction Authority (NCA)

SECURITY IN BUILDINGS

Overgrown landscape obstructs view to the parking lot and street

Constrution works at the side of the building led to no surveillance from inside the building to the street/sidewalk


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PROPOSED CPTED STRATEGIES

CPTED is a global practice that

involves the design of safe built and

non-built environment especially of

public spaces that aim at deterring

crime. Emphasis is placed on the

physical environment, productive

use of space, definition of space

and proper support of the intended

function by the physical design.

CPTED strategies are based

on four main pillars: - Natural

Surveillance, Natural Access Control,

Territorial Reinforcement and

Maintenance. This paper will explore

these four principles citing examples

of how public spaces and in particular,

the Westgate Mall which suffered a

terrorist attack not a long while back,

can be made much safer.

Natural Surveillance :

This principle is based on the

notion that criminals are least likely

to act when there is a high risk of

their actions being witnessed. This

principle is based on a theory put

forward by Jane Jacobs that came to

be known as ‘Eyes on the Street’ which

ensures that activities that go on in

the streets/sidewalks can be clearly

seen from the inside of buildings.

The case of Westgate Mall is

a clear example of lack of natural

surveillance. The idea of having an

outdoor restaurant created an active

building front but the landscaping

obstructed the view of the main

entrance and parking lot. From inside

Westgate Mall there were no clear

views of the main entrance, the street/

sidewalks or the parking lot making it

easier for attackers to carry out their

activities without being watched.

The overgrown landscape obstructed

views to the outside which made the

parking lot a ‘crime hotspot’. General

rule is bushes should not be higher

than 3 feet and trees should not be

higher than 7 feet.

Territorial Reinforcement

The purpose of territorial

reinforcement is to create a clear

distinction between public ,semi-

private and private spaces. This is

important for two reasons: legitimate

occupants have a sense of ownership

and will notice people who don’t

belong; intruders, on the other

hand, will have a hard time blending

in. This principle is based on the

‘defensible space’ theory put forward

by Architect Oscar Newman which

observes that building design should

create a sense of territorialism that

encourage people to maintain and

overlook their own portion of street/

sidewalk and common areas such as

lobbies and corridors.

Natural Access Control

Criminals like to feel that they are

in control as they enter and exit an

area. When they are in control, they

have a low perception of risk, since

they believe they are able to move

about unnoticed. However, this sense

of control can be denied by limiting

and clearly marking the approaches

to buildings for both pedestrian and

vehicular traffic thereby channeling

visitors into a defined area. Natural

Access Control is the use of building

and landscaping features to guide

people as they enter and exit a space.

The number of entrances should

be minimal and should have tight

controls; Westgate Mall had a very


Westgate Mall before the overgrown landscape, the landscaping should have been maintained to ensure it does not obstruct views in and out of the mall


32

well defined main pedestrian entrance but

the vehicular entrances and exits were not

well defined/controlled which created a

serious security breach.

Maintenance

Many experts believe that a well

maintained property can deter crime

simply because a poorly maintained

building demonstrates that its owner is

no longer able or willing to control his

property and thus becomes an invitation

to any criminal who wants to seize control.

Maintenance should also be well informed,

Westgate Mall had very well-manicured

landscape but the bushes and trees were

maintained at heights that obstructed

surveillance. A view of Westgate before

the landscaped shop front reveals a fairly

secure building with clear surveillance.


View of the main entrance was obstructed by the

overgrown trees and shrubs

The parking lot was a ‘crime hotspot’ since there was no natural surveillance from the building

Access to basement building to the street/sidewalk

Access to roof top car park

Service entrance

Main vehicular access to top floor parking and

basement

33


RECOMMENDATIONS

As the restoration works begin, the

following are proposed recommendations

to ensure a safer and secure mall:-

• Windows signs should cover no more

than 10% of the window surface

• Street and/or sidewalk should

be visible from inside the

space and vice versa

• Interior furniture and displays

should be no higher than

5’ to maintain visibility

• Exterior parking lots should be

well lit, so that people can be

recognized from 25’ away

• Exterior parking lots should be

visible from inside the space

• All entrances should be visible

from within the space

• Non-working surveillance cameras

should be repaired or removed

• Interior lighting should

remain on at night

• Bushes should be no higher than 36”

• Trees should be no higher than 7

• Property lines should be well

marked by fences, short walls,

shrubbery or similar means

• Receptionist/security should be

positioned to screen all people

entering the mall for both

pedestrian and vehicular traffic

• Walkways, landscaping and

driveways should lead visitors

to a controlled entrance

• Access to the roof should

be secured with the parking

well defined and secured

• Exterior door hinges should not

be accessible from outside

• Exterior doors should be

locked with deadbolts

• Deadbolts should have a minimum

1” throw and the strike plates should

be anchored to the door frame

• All keys should be accounted for

• If keys cannot be accounted for,

locks should be re-keyed and a

key control policy instituted

• Windows should be locked

• Access to ladders should be secured

• Weeds should be removed

• Debris should be removed

from the grounds

• All lighted signs should be

in working order

• All light fixtures should be

in working order

• Access to the basement parking

should be controlled with stiffer

security measures placed

• Lighting at the basement should

be in working condition and should

not be blocked by columns

How safe is the building you are designing

now, or is it a potential death-trap in the event

of a security incident?

New IRA mandatory motor insurance rates effective 1st May 2014 • Comprehensive Private motor@ 3.8% with 50% NCD• Comprehensive Commercial motor @ 5% with 30% NCD• Comprehensive Motor cycle @ 3% minimum 7,500• Professional Indemnity @ 0.75% *** (*** proposal assessment required)



34

PIMP MY DESIGN? On Visualization, Digital Prototyping and Fabrication by Architect Dennis Karanja

The use of digital technologies

has assimilated itself exponen-

tially in the AEC professions.

Often, engineering and construc-

tion professionals have embraced

software in mid and end processes

of project delivery. Architects and

Landscapers engage these processes

as extensions of sketching, modelling

and documentation from concept to

project delivery.

We pride ourselves in turning the

intangible dreams of our clients to re-

ality. Yet often these dreams are cap-

tured in terse meetings with clients.

Prevalent technology has come in

to augment the traditional methods

of representation and communica-

tion of these dreams, from inception

to post contract management. The

proliferation of affordable computers

and powerful software have enabled

professionals to extend the bound-

aries of what can be conceived and

constructed. The advanced software

allows us to visualise, model and test

complex parametric and organic ge-

ometries. This has huge implications

for both tectonics and material use in

contemporary architecture.

Granted, the architectural visual-

izations have their portent potential,

an impact not just felt as a new genre

of expression but an entire territorial

scope. It is therefore of paramount im-

portance that the architectural indus-

try advance such techniques and craft

them to the advantage of the profes-

sion and its diverse clientele.

Still herein, it is important to note

that visualisation bears with it a per-

suasive role in selling ideas. This is

where the good, the bad and the ugly

call home and they all converge into

an element of wonder, mystery and

still within harm. The good has its

place, yet still the bad face of visual-

ization resides within.

Misrepresentation of facts as

brought forwards by stunning images

and documentation form BIM opens

up uncharted paths of litigation. In a

related instance, a subcontractor in

Nevada, USA, sued an engineer for

misrepresentation. The contractor’s

claim was that the engineer had neg-

ligently misrepresented their design

as constructible. The contrasting ar-

gument here would be that, we now

have BIM throughout design and con-

struction phases augmented with conflict

checking software, therefore, such litigation

need not arise.

Granted -a different approach is to build

on ethics of visualisation within the profes-

sion. A code of conduct would establish

quality standards and in turn build trust and

respect from the consumers of the visualisa-

tion output. When a friend approaches you

with a sales catalogue seeking advice on a

house they would like to purchase, and you

have the unfortunate role of pointing out to

the various misrepresentations, they end up

thinking one architect is as bad as the next.

If a room is three metres by three metres,

do not throw in a double bed and a seat to

confuse a client. To remedy this smoke and

mirrors approach in our profession, four key

ideals should guide our visualization. These

are accuracy, representativeness, clarity and

legitimacy. While the first three are things

we do, the last one is an outcome of the first

three.

Misrepresentation of facts as brought forwards by stunning images and documentation form BIM opens up uncharted paths of litigation.

DESIGN INTEGRITY


35

However convenient the contrary might

be, endeavour for accuracy and truth by us-

ing visualisations to simulate the actual or ex-

pected appearance of the design intent with-

out distortion. There should be appropriate

levels of realism for the intended purpose.

Often you will not find a sales document de-

picting the real site. It usually is a concocted,

innocent and pristine neighbourhood far

from the real situation on the ground. On

the other hand depicting a Boeing 777 in

your visualisation for a villa in Nairobi’s up-

market Runda is not a sign of sophistication

but professional immaturity. Further, our

visualizations should be representative in

depicting typical or essential views of our

design intents and the landscape. Visual clar-

ity involves a clear communication of the de-

tails, components and overall content. These

contribute to legitimacy of the visualization

making our intents demonstrable and defen-

sible.

It is hoped that when we reach out for

our visualization gadgets we shall have this

in mind. Now raise your mouse and repeat

after me; I acknowledge and respect the power

of visualization to mislead the uninformed.

Therefore I shall not visualise with intention to

hide or confuse the truth.

The beauty of following the above pre-

scription is that it makes it easier to build

what we have designed. This is the fabrica-

tion stage. The fabrication process is meant

to test both the virtual model and the

physical output at different scales.

These could be rapid prototyping

and digital fabrication. These two

techniques are not new but the ap-

proaches can be aligned to those of

the manufacturing industry. When

we make a card model, we are pro-

totyping. When we ask a contractor

to build a sample wall on site, we are

fabricating. This works like a dream

for traditional architectural materials

but might be a nightmare when the

genres of expression change. What

are the solutions?

At a small office scale, a 3D printer

will work well. Although expensive,

they are worth the investment espe-

cially if you are moving away from tra-

ditional architectural approaches to

construction and materials. 3-D print-

ing can be used to test new designs,

materials and building techniques. In-

deed there are open source 3D printer

D-I-Y kits at the price of a medium

sized plotter. Besides, 3D printers

work with most parametric model-

ling software, including Adobe Photo-

shop. 3D printing and CNC (Computer

Numerical Control) milling are ‘revers-

ible’ processes. The artefact produced

can be scanned using a 3-D scanner

or digitizer and the parameters input

back for further design. The possibili-

ties suddenly become limitless.

Of course you will not ‘print’ your

dream house in the office-not yet, but

with a bit of patience and the right ma-

terials you will with time. The next op-

tion would be to fabricate either your

entire design intent or component in

a factory of lab setting. A few manu-

facturers locally have the capacity to

fabricate most of what is demanded in

the new expression. The only problem

is the numbers do not make economic

sense as almost everyone will not be

looking at the expressive building you

have in mind but the return on invest-

ment on their CNC mills.

What implications do robotics

such as 3D printing and CNC milling

have for architecture? First would

be precision in building lifecycle- no

need for snagging and protracted

arguments with contractors on site,

conducting destructive tests and so

on. It also means you spend more

time on the design end with better

outcomes. Secondly, you can expend

more creative juices in experimenting

- you actually learn by doing-in your

office, not on site at the cost of your

client. Thirdly, this means the architect

will be a ‘master-builder’ again; an ar-

chitect’s office will again be a work-

shop of creation, and no longer look

like a sterile recruitment agency.

Depicting a Boeing 777 in your visualisation for a villa in Nairobi’s up-market Runda is not a sign of sophistication

but professional immaturity.

DESIGN INTEGRITY20

0020

00

?


37

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145. KIGONDU S. (1326)146. KIILU M.N. (2596)147. KIILU D.M. (1315)148. KIMANGA S.K.(2714)149. KIMANI A. (1888)150. KIMANI D.K. (2085)151. KIMANI J.W. (888)152. KIMEU M. (1938)153. KIMUYU S.K. (991)154. KINYUA E.G. (2736)155. KINYUA S.M. (1995)156. KINUTHIA S.N. (2535)157. KIOKO M. (2640)158. KIPKETER J. (1614)159. KIPRONO J.M.(1371)160. KIPSAG T. (1629)161. KIPTOON W.C. (964)162. KIRATHE E.M. (1939)163. KISIENYA K.B.(3221)164. KITHAKA J.M (2308)165. KITHAKYE D.I. (749166. KITHIKA J. (1106)167. KOECH M.K. (1801)168. KOMBE K. (1880)169. KOMORA S.(2418)170. KUNDU P.W. (1519)171. KUREBA N.N. (1034)172. KURIA J.G.M.K. (2680)173. KURIA-GATHONI E.J. (710)174. KYULE B.M. (1849)175. LADU M.B. (1521)176. LALL C.J.S. (529)177. LEE-SMITH D. (DR) (1167)178. LATI FELIX (2445)179. LIKU E.K. (948)180. LORD M.A. (1560)181. LUKWAGO J.M. (702)182. LULU A.M. (752)183. LUTTA J. C. (1733)184. MACHARIA J.N. (1669)185. MACHARIA S.M. (1779)186. MACKENZIE N.P. (1012)187. MAHINDA I.W.W. (2303)188. MAGANGA A.M. (2529)189. PROF. MAGUTU G.J. (1014)190. MAINA DUNCAN (2174)191. MAINA E.K. (3211)192. MAINA J. (1401)193. MAINA W (1883)194. MAINA KARANJA (878)195. MAINGI P.M. (1695)196. MANJI A.A.(2508)197. MAKACHIA P.A. (1141)198. MAMDANI M.A. (826)199. MANDA H.G. (1327)200. MANDUKU D. (2015)


38

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201. MANGURO R.O.(2543)202. MANKU G.S. (1920)203. MAREIRA F.M. (2727)204. MARTINS P.S.G. (822)205. MARUTI E.K. (1043)206. MARSHALL J.(1847) 207. MASILA G.P. (2008)208. MATASYO J (954)209. MATHAROO S.S. (1139)210. MATHENGE A.W.(3169)211. MATHENGE J.W.(2423)212. MATOLE D.K.(2599)213. MAWEU C.J.M. (2142)214. MBICHA S.(1882)215. MBINDA J.J.M. (548)216. MBITI I.M.(2660)217. MBOGO D.C. (2390)218. MBUGUA H.K. (3096)219. MBUGUA N. (891)220. MRS. MBUGUA R.W. (1413)221. MBURATHI K.(2581)222. MBURU G.I. (1217)223. MBURU J.M. (1192)224. MBUVI M.M.(1428)225. MBOSHI S.M. (1083)226. MCHARO L.B. (2645)227. MECCA J.P. (2438)228. M. M. KAGWANJA(2176)229. MICHIRE D.M. (2528)230. MILIKAU E.S.(2010)231. MILOYO E.K.(2512)232. MISIANI C.A.O. (960)233. MISTRY L.K. (107)234. MOCHACHE J.M (DR) (705)235. MONG’ARE S.G. (1388)236. MOTANYA D.O. (2156)237. MPAAYEI T.T. (1463)238. MRUTTU O.S.(2738)239. MRUTTU I. (542)240. MUANGE V.N. (1668)241. MUCHERU S.K. (2416)242. MUCHILWA M.S. (1994)243. MUCHIRI D.T. (834)244. MUCHOGU J.W. (2517)245. MUGA I. (1781)246. MUGWANJA M.M. (1990)247. MUIRURI I.N. (3282)248. MUKABWA E.M.(2665)249. MUKEKU J (2134)250. MULI PIUS (2077)251. MULI S.K. (1211)252. MUNDIA T.G. (3097)253. MUNANO AIDAH NJERI (984) 254. MUNGAU K.J.S.A. (2593)255. MUNENE G.W. (2140)256. MUNGAI C.M. (1562)257. MUNGAI W. (1293)258. MURAYA K.P. (1362)259. MURIGU J.M. (1832)260. MURIITHI J.M. (2843)261. MURIUKI D.K. (1415)262. MURATHE G.K. (1940)

263. MUSEMBI M. (1798)264. MUTUA MWEU (1926) 265. MUSYOKI N. (931)266. MUSUVA M.W. (2421)267. MUTAI E.K.(2501)268. MUTAKAA J. (2306)269. MUTHUSI P.M. (1743)270. MUTIE C.M. (2892)271. MUTISO E.K. (2106)272. MUTUA JACKSON (2193)273. MUTUKU J.N. (1745)274. MUTUKU MUTUA (2102)275. MUTUNGA J.M.F. (1143)276. MUTURI C.N. (1282)277. MUYA C.K. (747)278. MUSUNGA M. (2382) 279. MWACHARO M.S. (1628) 280. MWALYO F.N.(2653)281. MWALUKWARE W.M. (892)282. MWANGI E.I.W (2591)283. MWANGI L.M. (1219)284. MWANGI M.N. (3210)285. MWANGI S G (2123)286. MWANGI S.W.(1265)287. MWANGI B.G. (2337)288. MWATHI J.M. (442)289. MWATU O.K. (2806)290. MWAURA A.M. (1788)291. MWAURA N.K.(2411)292. MWENDWA N.M. (1914)293. MWIHIA J.M.(2509)294. MWILU S.M. (2635)295. MWITI G. (1922)296. MWORIA K.S. (945)297. NAGDA B.N. (1667)298. NAICCA C.M.(2507)299. NAMULANDA D.M. (2320)300. NANDRA H.S. (648)301. NASIR ALI (1556)302. NDAMBUKI D.M. (2376)303. NDANU R.M.M. (2583)304. NDARUA P.G. (430)305. NDEGE L.K. (3102)306. NDERITU P.A.M. (2424)307. NDETA B.S. (2099)308. NDIACHA L (1837)309. NDUNGO J.M. (3195)310. NDUNGU C.N. (1851)311. NDUNGU D.K. (1209)312. NEWA F.O. (1808)313. NG’ANG’A G. M. (1182)314. NGATIA E.M.(3108)315. NGIBUINI S.N. (793)316. NGODA D.K. (2326)317. NGUMUTA M.N.(2503)318. NGUNJIRI F.K. (1404)319. PROF. NGUNJIRI P.G.(1322)320. NGUURI MURIMI (2163)321. NIXON R.A. (1275)322. NJAGI H.K. (1918)323. NJAGAH M.N. (2683)324. NJENDU G.M.M. (2153)

325. NJENDU K.J.G. (729)326. N JENGA D.K.(2534)327. NJERU J.M. (2811)328. NJERU P.M.(2502)329. NJIHIA G.K. (2531)330. NJOROGE J.W.(2022)331. NJUGUNA B.M. (2454)332. NJUGUNA F.K. (1038)333. NJUGUNA N. (1387)334. NJUGUNA M. A. (2181)335. NJUE M.G. (1435)336. NTARANGUI T.N. 337. NUGI K. (486)338. NUNGARI F.N. (1631)339. NYAGA C.W. (2500)340. NYAGA D.K. (2546)341. NYAGA J.N.(2516)342. NYAMATO S.O. (2342)343. NYAMORI E.O. (1622)344. NYANJA G.B (732)345. NYANDIEKA B.J. (1853)346. NYAMACHE M. (1613)347. NYARIKI W.M. (1343)348. NYAUNDI A.M.(1215) 349. NYONGESA A.W.(2451)350. NYONGESA B.L. (2539)351. NYONGESA C.M. (1470)352. NZIOKA S.N. (933)353. OBALA P.O. (2748)354. OBANYI D (1850) 355. OBIRI J.W. (1689)356. OBUNGA-ODHIAMBO (1082)357. OBURA D.O. (1707)358. OCHIENG’ C.C. (1228)359. OCHIENG F.F. (1424)360. OCHIENG R.O. (1218)361. OCHIENG V.M (2173)362. OCHONG’ D.O.W. (1200)363. ODAWO F.O. (1819)364. ODERA J.A. (637)365. ODHIAMBO A. (1082)366. ODHIAMBO T.O. (1670)367. ODHIAMBO J.R (942)368. ODINYO A.E. (2823)369. ODULA T.M.A. (2135)370. ODUNDO G.O. (1226)371. ODUOR E.A.(2302)372. ODUORI R. (2133)373. OGAI I.L.O. (1760)374. OGETO C.D.O. (1930)375. OGOLLA A.C.O. (2089)376. OGOLLA B.J. (1187)377. OGOLI D.M.(1188)378. OGUNDE O.O. (1810)379. OGWANG’ G. (2325)380. OGONJE A.O. (3110)381. OGWAPIT S. (2136)382. OHAWA E.K. (2379)383. OINO E.J. (1950)384. OJWANG’ P.O.(2518)385. OKELLO J.F.(1846)386. OKELLO N.J.O. (2934)

387. OKINDA J.T.(1087)388. OKOTH T.O. (1406)389. OLAWO G. (1885)390. OLUOCH J.O. (2527)391. OMBACHI V. (1860)392. OMAR K.M (1873)393. OMENYA A.O.(Dr.) (2597)394. OMUMBO J. (1375)395. ONGUTO O.O. (2446)396. ONYANGO D.A. (2863)397. ONYANGO M.O. (1630)398. ONYANGO P.O. (2881)399. ONYOYO M.B. (2818)400. OPIYO G.O. (2751)401. OPON P.N. (1815)402. OSORO K.K.(2636)403. OSIAGO P.V. (2328)404. OSIAGO P.V. (2328)405. OSIDIANA D.N.(2526)406. OTIENO E.K.(2437)407. ORINA A.M. (1809)408. OTIENO K.O. (1220)409. OUKO T.J.O.(2592)410. OUNDO S. (1890) 411. OWENDE M. (1986)412. OYARO O.E. (1728)413. OYUGI A.O. (2319)414. OWINO J.O. (3064)415. OWOKO R.M. (1199)416. PANDYA P. (1026)417. PATEL N.S. (1467)418. PATEL J.M. (483)419. PATEL R. P. (758)420. PATEL V.K.L. (657)421. PATEL M. (1280)422. PATEL P.V. (1516)423. QADRI S.Y.A (2641)424. RALWALA A.O.(2410)425. RAI J.N. (2146)426. RAI J.N. (1734)427. RAJNOVIC PREDRAG (2329)428. RAVAL V.K. (407)429. REHAL S.S. (1813)430. RIMBER D.M. (1450)431. ROMANI A.M.(1477)432. RUKWARO W.R (1313)433. SAMOKA K.O. (3228)434. SANG J.K.(2455)435. SARDELLI G.A. (242)436. SARDELLI M. (2083) 437. SARDUL S. (429)438. SARNA Y. (1041)439. SHAH S.Z. (746)440. SANCHEZ URKO (2654)441. MRS. SHARMA N. (1566)442. SHIHEMEBSA L.(952)443. SIFA MAHALI R. (2109) 444. SIFUMA D. (1704)445. SIKHILA H.W.(2876)446. SINGH M.G. (1466)447. SINGH MAYANK (2715)448. SINHA A. (1861)


39

MEMBERS LISTING

449. SITUMA D.W. (1564)450. SONGORO D.O.(2614)451. MRS. SOIN R.K. (1030)452. SUERO I.M. (2164)453. SYENGO K.M. (3223)454. PATEL SUJESH (2194)455. TARMOHAMED N.E. (1383)456. THARA M. N. (997)457. THATTHI P.S. (975)458. THIGITI D.M. (1731)459. THIONG’O K. (943)460. THOMAS P.D. (808)461. THUMBI S.M.(2646)462. TOROITICH C.K. (2307)463. VAGADIA G.M. (912)464. VAULKHARD T.G. (275)465. VIRDEE A.S. (1653)466. WACHIRA P.N. (2137)467. WACHIRA K.S. (1328)468. WAGAIYU E.K. (806)469. WAHEED A. (712)470. WAHINYA. C. N. (2537)471. WAHOME C.N. (3283)472. WALIA T.S. (683)473. W’MOSI N.O. (1033)474. WAMBETE SOITA (2374)475. WAMBUA J.M. (2405)476. WAMBUGU M.M. (893)477. WAMWANGI J.M. (1118)478. WANYOIKE F.M. (1475)479. WANYONYI J. (832)480. WAITITU L.M. (2097)481. WASILWA P.O. (2154)482. WASIKE P.S. (1029)483. WAZIRI M.S. (1822)484. WEBB S.M. (293)485. WERE C. (3109)486. WETUNGU C.M. (2824)487. WILLIAM K.K. (2735)488. WILL P.A. (563)489. WOODS S.R. (1078)

RESIDENT (NON)CORPORATE ARCHITECTS

1. MRS. COLLINS D.K. (823)2. KAMYA P. (342)3. KAISI KALAMBO (1065)4. KARANJA K. (1530)5. KATATUMBA G.W. (219)6. JOSEPH KEDOGO (2191)7. KIMANI D. G. (2130)8. MEHTA H.S. (1518) 9. M’GITHAE B.N. (1230)10. MODU O.G. (978)11. MOORES P.C. (3222)12. MUHWEZI J.K. (635)13. MUTUA J.A. (1703) 14. OMORO A.B.O. (1524)15. SEHMI H.S. (630)16. SENDIWALA G. (1854)17. SSENDIWALA G.W. (1854)

18. SURE J. (2145) WAMBUGU F.W. (1096)

LICENTIATES

1. ABINCHA A.S. (2399)2. ATER M.O. (1770)3. BARASA I. B (2228)4. DEYA E.O. (2166)5. GATUNDU J.W. (1767)6. GIKANDI J.W. (2730)7. KAMAU J.N. (2184)8. MABIA G.K.(2343)9. MAJIMBO R.B. (3259)10. MBURU G.K.(2392)11. MOHAMMED A.M.(2652)12. MWANGO W.N. (3203)13. NGIGI L.N.(2464)14. NYANGWESO M.O (2178)15. OBEID W.A. (1943)16. OGORA B.B. (3170)17. OKICH P.O. (2637)18. OMOLLO D.E.A. (2204)19. OTIENO P.G.J. (3095)20. PATEL K.M.(2463)21. PATEL R.G. (290)22. SEHMI A.S. (358)23. SHISIA W.Y.A. (2375)24. SIOCHA S.M.(2650)25. TSENGA D.S.S.M (2322)26. VIRDEE G.S. (745)27. WAMBUA A.M. (1982)

RESIDENT GRADUATEARCHITECTS 1. ABDI ISMAIL (2820)2. ACHOLA J. (2408)3. ACHANDO J.A. (2826)4. ADAM A.H. (2852)5. AHMED F.A. (2108)6. AJWANG’ D.O.(2578)7. AKALI G.M. (2436)8. AKUMU A.O.(2584)9. AMBROSE S.K. (2107)10. ANDREW D.M.O. (2873)11. ARAKA S.K. (2900)12. ASEMBO K.A. (3224)13. ASUBWA W.N.(2915)14. ATOLA S.(2582)15. AYUMBA C.M. (3305)16. BEKELE GETACHEW (1120)17. BHATT V. HARISH (2131)18. BHOYYO B.M. (2747)19. BUYU J.O. (1738)20. CAROLEI MARCO(2649)21. CEESAY H.(2739)22. CHAMIA D.N. (1611)23. CHEBII K. (1996)24. CHELIMO T.K.(2549)25. CHEPKEMOI W. (3296)26. CHIIRA M.J.M (2719)

27. CHOGE C.K. (3156)28. CROZE A.L. (1934)29. DAWA P.O. (3161)30. DIANG’A C.K. (3159)31. EBOYI J.I. (3128)32. EBRAHIMJEE M.Y.(2579)33. EKAJUL A. (1857)34. ESSENDI S.M. (3232)35. ESHIWANI L.N. (2894)36. ETAMUKU K.O. (2893)37. FERNANDES K.W. (3124)38. FRANCIS P.K. (3287)39. GACHIENGO M.M. (2809)40. GACHUHI E.K. (2846)41. GEDA N. (2576)42. GEHRMANN T.H. (285743. GITAU L.M. (2118)44. GITHINJI M.S.(2590)45. GICHUKI D.K. (1706)46. GICHUHI J.K. (1782)47. GETONGA F.W. (1942)48. GOME S.O.(2373)49. HARIZ K.A.(3274)50. HIUHU E.N. (2874)51. IGUNZA A.A.(2545)52. IKERE J.K. (1504)53. IMRAN S.W.(3146)54. IRERI P.M.(2674)55. IRINA R.D.T.(3212)56. ISMAIL AHMED (1797)57. ISOE D.M. (3202)58. JACKSON M.M. (3303)59. JUMA J. (3122)60. KABA W.M.(2115)61. KABENEI J.C. (2904)62. KABERE J.W. (2905)63. KAGIRI P.K.(2657)64. KAGO J.M. (3201)65. KAGWI S.G. (2143)66. KAMANGU J.K. (2896)67. KAMAU K.M. (3301)68. KAMAU R.M.N.(2877)69. KAMUNYU A.M. (3250)70. KANG’ETHE B.N.(2638)71. KANYUA C.W.(2413)72. KARANJA E.W. (3133)73. KARIITHI J.K. (2338)74. KARIUKI R.N.(3131)75. KARIUKI W. (2933)76. KARUGA K. (3162)77. KARUGO P.M. (1376)78. KEEGA J.K. (2385)79. KEITANY J.K.(2668)80. KEMBOI V.K.(2648)81. KETOYO L.M.(3126)82. KIARAHO D.N. (1817)83. KIFLETSION M.Z.(2696)84. KILILO T.L. (2125)85. KILONZO A.K. (3138)86. KIMANI D.G. (2130)87. KIMANI G.N. (3165)88. KIMANI M.M. (2126)

89. KIMATHI F.M. (2868)90. KIMURA J.K. (3160)91. KING’ARU J.K. (3155)92. KINUTHIA H.M. (2832)93. KIAMBA L.N. (3135)94. KIMANI G.N. (3165)95. KIMANI F.M. (3130)96. KIMANZI T.N. (2787)97. KINYINGI J.N.(3309)98. KINOTI E.K. (2349)99. KIPYAB C.J.M. (3066)100. KIPKOROSS S.K. (2188) 101. KIRIAGO L.O. (3152)102. KITAKA A.K. (3150)103. KITHEKA J.K. (3266)104. KOECH F.K. (2404)105. KOECH N.T. (3284)106. KORIR M.F. (3183)107. KORIR N. (3293)108. KUMO W.O.(2662)109. KURIAH P.J. (1913)110. KYAKA J.K. (3290)111. KYALLO A.M. (2158)112. KYENGO M.K. (2407)113. LAGAT D.K. (3304)114. LATESTE M.O.W. (3153)115. LENJO P.M. (3129)116. MABONGA D.W.(2669)117. MACHARIA A.N.(2588)118. MAGANGA J.A. (3163)119. MAIMBA M.W. (3308)120. MAINA P.G. (2895)121. MAKALI I.M.(2542)122. MAKAN EVANS (2907)123. MAKHULO S.D.M.(2506)124. MAKORI H.O. (3302)125. MALONZA J. M. (2310)126. MANDUKU C.O. (3260)127. MASEGHE M. T. (2324)128. MASIKA J.M. (3229)129. MASINDE R.N.(2580)130. MATHARU A.S.(2697)131. MATI M.K. (2692)132. MATIVO J.K (2116)133. MATHU J.M. (3226)134. MATHU W. (2845)135. MACHARIA F. (1807)136. MACHARIA S.M. (3134)137. MAINA R.W. (1510)138. MAINA R.W. (3262)139. MAKAU M (3167)140. MAKAGUTU N.O. (3213)141. MAONCHA L.M. (2902)142. MBAKA N.O. (3132)143. MBIDHI M.O. (2412)144. MILGO N.C. (3289)145. MBURUGU R.M. (1045)146. MBUGUA P.N. (2870)147. MBURU E.G. (3147)148. MBURU F.N. (2427)149. MEDIRATTA K. (2717)150. MALECHE S.D.(3265)


40

151. MILGO N.C. (3289)152. MOGENDI S.D.(3295)153. MOSHEH J.S. (2871)154. MPUNGU P.J.(1071) 155. MUCHIRA D.N. @3273)156. MUCHIRI T.W.(2661)157. MUDOME T.V. (2323)158. MUHANDI G.W. (2903)159. MUIU E.M. (3065)160. MUIRU J.N.(3164)161. MUKUI M. (2872)162. MUNENE G.M. (1937)163. MUNENE L.M. (3307)164. MUNYUA A. A. (2183)165. MUCHAI J.M. (2240)166. MUGO E.D.G. (1765)167. MULANG’A M.M.(2514)168. MUNYA A.S.(2414)169. MUNG’ARA M.F. (1584)170. MUNJARU H.L.L.(3271)171. MUNYOKI J.M. (3270)172. MURANGIRI D.K. (2784)173. MURIITHI G.M. (2882)174. MUSANGI H.W. (3139)175. MUSEMBI D.M. (3136)176. MUSYIMI A.T. (2673)177. MUSYOKA P.M. (3268)178. MUTEGI S.M.(2676)179. MUTUA P.M. (3276)180. MUTURI J.M.(1998)181. MUTUNGI M.N. (3306)182. MWAKIO P.M (1702)183. MWALUKO E.K.(3294)184. MWAMBEO F.M.(3196)185. MWANGI A.M. (3137)186. MWANGI A.N. (2866)187. MWANGI M.W.(2538)188. MWANGI C.M.(2505)189. MWANGI E.I.W.(2591)190. MWANGI F.G. (1859)191. MWANGI C.M. (2901)192. MWANGI C.W. (3285)193. MWAURA N.K.(2411)194. MWENDO F.M. (2434)195. MWINZI J.M.(2521)196. MWIROTSI L.S. (2828)197. NAMBATI I.K.(2666)198. NAJMI M.M. (2419)199. NAJMI M.M. (3145)200. NAMWAKIRA A.R.A.(3264)201. NDARUA A.N. (2127)202. NDARUA I.N. (3144)203. NDEGE G.A.(2511)204. NDICHU S.N.(2686)205. NDIRANGU D.A.W. (2101)206. NDUNGU J.B.K. (3166)207. NDUNG’U J.W. (2855)208. NDUNGU K.M. (2822)209. NDUNGU V.M. (2856)210. NGACAKU K.G.(2448)211. NG’ANG’A P.K. (3292)212. NGATIA E.N. (3298)213. NGENY S (2175)214. NGUGI J.M.K (2671)

215. NGUNGUI J.N. (2825)216. NGUNYI S.M. (2858)217. NGUMBAU G.N. (3272)218. NGUTI W.W. (3127)219. NJAGI R.W. (3288)220. NJENGA E.W. (1884)221. NJERI J.M. (2878)222. NJERU D.M. (2853)223. NJERU I.M.(2659224. NJOROGE S.M.(2589)225. NJOROGE G.M. (2054)226. NJOROGE J.N. (2869)227. NJOKAH P.K. (1780)228. NJUE P.N. (2694)229. NYACHWAYA W.N. (2774)230. NYAGAH A.G. (2312)231. NYAKANG’U T.O.(3263)232. NYAMAI M.S. (3267)233. NYAMWEYA P.J. (2048)234. NYANGI P.K. (3168)235. NYAWIRA V.R.(2675)236. OBWANDA C. (2098)237. OCHIENG F.O.(2519)238. ODUOR C.O. (1651)239. OGINGA J. (2879)240. OGOLLA M.E.L. (1352)241. OKELLO O.O. (1694)242. OKONDA J.N. (2827)243. OJWANG’I D.B. (2936)244. OKALEBO S.E.(3269)245. OKELLO P.O. (3248)246. OKUTA H.O. (3291)247. OLAWO A.O. (2428)248. OMBATI E.N. (3310)249. OMBIMA V. (2883) 250. OMARIBA K.A.(2453)251. OMBOTO B.O. (2864)252. OMONDI R.C. (2935)253. OMYONGA G.R.(2465)254. ONDIEK C.O. (2781)255. ONDIEKI S.O. (3230)256. ONGUKA L.A. (3300)257. ONYANGO N.O.(2658)258. ONYANGO S.O. (3299)259. ONWONG’A T.O. (2861)260. OPIATA C.O. (2682)261. ORECHI A.M. (3297)262. OTIENO O.N. (3249)263. OUNDA M.O. (2899)264. OUYA D.O. (2780)265. OYUGA J.O.(2670)266. OYUGI C.O. (3261)267. OWADE F.M.(2433)268. OWOUR W.O. (1531)269. OUNDO J.S.(2432)270. OTIENO A.O. (3148)271. REDPATH B.M. (2884)272. ROTICH T.K.(2667)273. SANDRA ATEK(2677)274. SALIM F.A. (2430)275. SEHMI J.S. (3098)276. SEMBHI T.S. (3158)277. SEHMI K.S. (1389)278. SHAH MEHA (2885)

279. SHAH N.P.(2663)280. SITATI T. N. (1886)281. MS. SIRA S.R. (1773)282. SUTHAR R. R. (3125)283. SWANYA H.N. (1769)284. TALAAM J.K. (2854)285. J.S.(2865)286. THIMANGU A (1749)287. THUO K. (1227)288. THITU J.M. (1621)289. TIROP A.K. (3225)290. TOO K.K. (3140)291. TOROITICH K.K. (2875)292. VIRDEE S. (2122) 293. WACKER R. (3251)294. WACHIRA J.W. (1928)295. WAFULA A.M.(2656)296. WAMBUA P.K. (2897)297. WAMBUGU K.M.(2513)298. WANJALA W.J. (2867)299. WANYONYI F. (998)300. WANYONYI G.S.(2452)301. WATOLA C.A.(2378)302. WARIITHI P.M. (1970)303. WAWERU R.K.(2301)304. WAWERU N. (3121)305. WEKE S.O.(2678)306. WEKESA D.S. (2435)307. WERE E.O. (3149)308. WALIJEE W.S.(3286)309. WILLIAM K.K. (2431)310. WOGOH D.K. (3151)

TECHNICIANS

1. ABUBAKAR A.W. (3197)2. ASHINDU L. (3099)3. BIKERI R.N. (2651)4. BOLO D.O.(2311)5. CHHANIYARA B.V.D. (2914)6. GILL J.S. (843)7. KABEU J.N. (3252)8. KABETHI J.N (3253)9. KADIMA M.W. (2377)10. P.O. BOX 17160-0010011. KAGIINA J.K.(2393)12. KAMUNGE M.W.(2687)13. KARIMI A.M. (3233)14. KIBUCHI D.L. (2814)15. KINGOO C.W.(2467)16. KINYANJUI M (2309)17. KINYUA J.W. (2908)18. KIPKOECH D.L. (3235)19. KIPKOROSS S. K. (2188) 20. KUOGOH G.N.(2688)21. LIMO LEONARD (2721)22. MAINA P.L.M. (3227)23. MANYASI C.W. (3234)24. MBURU M.K. (2203)25. MOKAYA G.O.(2524)26. MUCHUNU A.M. (2813)27. MUKOLWE M.A.(3204)28. MUNYORI S.N. (2740)29. MURUU A.M. (3120)

30. MUTAI N.K.(2810)31. MUTITU K.M. (2402)32. MWANGI M.K. (2779)33. MWANGI S.K. (2909)34. MWONGERA C.K.(2812)35. MWAURA J.G. (2821)36. NAWALE A.B.O. (2848)37. NJOROGE A.M. (3214)38. NJOROGE P.M. (3094)39. NGUNJIRI S.M. (2129)40. OGUTU C.Y.N. (2729)41. OKEYO J.P. (2110)42. OMINDE W.E. (151)43. ONG’ONDO B.O. (2753)44. OSUMBA W.O. (2746)45. RACHUONYO V.O (2340)46. SERSER E.K.(2808)47. SIAMA P.V. (2187)

RESIDENT STUDENTARCHITECTS

1. ASUZAH D.M.(3187)2. GICHUYIA L.N.(2912)3. GITHINJI S.M. (2105)4. IMRAN W.S. (2778)5. KADERNANI M.L. (3061)6. KAHIGA M.M.(3116)7. KARANJA K. (2049)8. KARIUKI A.M. (2186)9. KARIUKI C.W. (3236)10. KIBUCHI J.M. (2728)11. KIMANI B.G. (2104)12. KIMANI K.M. (2911)13. KIPRONO L.K. (2639)14. KIPROTICH C.J.M.K. (2767)15. KOTENG P.O.G. (3100)16. KYALO S.M.(2786)17. MACHARIA I.W.(2522)18. MACHARIA W.M. (2333)19. MBURU K.A (2186)20. MBUTHIA P.W(3189)21. MOMBO D.K.(2634)22. MUDOME T.V. (2323)23. MUGO L.W (2185)24. MUNDIA J.M. (3209)25. MUNGA M.G. (2773)26. MUNYAO V.M. (3180)27. MUTHOGA C.K. (2783)28. MUTUNGA D.W. (3181)29. NDALILA S.E.(2785)30. NJUGUNA M.K. (3115)31. NYONGESA E.S.(3172)32. OBALA M.C. (3171)33. OGOT S.O. (2523)34. OJWANG K.G. (1142)35. OKITE A.O.(2594)36. OMEDO R.G. (2782)37. OMBISA C.A. (MS) (2006)38. ONYANGO M.O. (1630)39. RUTTO N.K. (1394)40. SEFHEDI GAOTINGWE(2775)41. SHAH H.N. (1740)42. WALEMBA E.M. (2776)

MEMBERS LISTING

January 2014

6 AAK office opening

14 Engineers Chapter Council Q.S. Chapter Meeting

15 EPC Chapter Council

15 Q.S. Chapter CouncilT/Planners Council MeetingL/Arch. Council Meeting

16 Mombasa Branch Council Mtg.CPM Chapter Council

22 Architects Chapter Council

24 Q.S. Chapter CPD Seminar

28 Executive Committee MeetingGoverning Council Meeting

February 2014

4 AAK Msa - AGM

11 Engineers Chapter AGMQS Chapter Council

13 AAK Msa - Branch Council meeting

14 QS Chapter Pink DinnerQuantity Survey-ors Chapter AGM

15 Landscape Archiects Chapter AGM

17 Engineers Chapter - Breakfast

19 Architects Chapter AGMT/Planners Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter CouncilArchitects Chapter CouncilTown Planners Chapter AGMEDC Chapter Council


March 2014

4 College of Fellows Meeting

11 Engineers Chapter CouncilQS Chapter Council

13 AAK Msa - Branch Council Meeting

19 Architects Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter CouncilT/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter Council

20 CPM Chapter Council

21 QS Chapter Golf Tournament


28 AAK Annual General MeetingAAK Gala DinnerExcellence in Architecture Awards

July 2014


15 L/Architects Chapter Council

16 T/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter Council

October 2014

3 AAK Msa - Dinner Event

6 World Habitat Day


15 L/Architects Chapter CouncilT/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter Council

16 CPM Chapter CouncilAAK Msa - Branch Council meeting


24 Architects Chapter Seminar

28 Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

31 Breakfast CPD at Intercon-tinental Hotel, 7.00 a.m.


31 Breakfast CPD at Intercon-tinental Hotel, 7.00 a.m.

November 2014

8 Engineers Chapter - BreakfastWorld Town Planners Day



19 Architects Chapter Council T/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter Council


21 QS Chapter Chairman’s Dinner AAK Msa - End of year dinner event


December 2014


4 AAK End of Year Dinner

6 CSR activity, 11.00 a.m.

11 AAK Msa - Branch Council meeting

19 AAK Office Closure

April 2014

4 AAK Msa - Dinner Event


16 L/Architects Chapter CouncilT/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter Council

17 CPM Chapter CouncilAAK Msa - Branch Council Meeting


25 Architects Chapter Golf Tournament



25 Architects Chapter Golf Tournament


May 2014

12 Engineers Chapter - Breakfast

13 Engineers Chapter CouncilEngineers Chapter Council


21 T/Planners Chapter Council EDC Chapter CouncilL/Arch. Chapter Council


31 AAK Newsletter

June 2014

10 Engineers Chapter CouncilQ.S. Chapter Council

12 EDC Chapter CouncilEngineers Chapter - Dinner

18 T/Planners Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter Council

19 Academic talk at Alli-ance Francaise/ National Musem of Kenya, 5.30pm


27 QS Chapter CPD Seminar

ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION OF KENYA YEAR PLANNER 2014Incorporating Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Town Planners, Engineers, Lanscape Architects, Construction Project managers and Environmental Design Consultants


23 Architects Chapter CouncilEAIA Council meeting and AGM

26 EAIA AGM in Kigali , Rwanda


August 2014

3 UIA 2014 International Student Competition, DurbanUIA World Congress, Durban








20 T/Planners Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter CouncilAAK Annual Convention

21 AAK Annual Convention



September 2014


6 Top 15 Buildings’ In Ke-nya Publication


17 T/Planners Chapter CouncilL/Architects Chapter CouncilEDC Chapter Council‘The Architect’ Maga-zine, September issue



26 QS Chapter CPD Seminar


Documents

The Architect Issue 5, 2014