The 7-th Meeting of Ozone Research Managers for the Vienna Convention Systematic Ozone Observations Introduction to the Session 6 No satellite issues as

The 7-th Meeting of Ozone Research Managers for the Vienna Convention

Systematic Ozone Observations

Introduction to the Session 6

No satellite issues as discussed yesterday

Karel Vanicek

Czech Hydrometeorological InstituteWMO – SAG Ozone

7ORM, Geneva, 2008 K. Vanicek, CHMI

Current Observation SystemsDetails in the prevous sessions


Ground infrastructure - The backbone networks (GAW & NDACC) - Complementary missions (SHADOS, airborn, big-baloon platforms) - Joint technological facilities (calibration and DQ/QA centres)

Satellite missions - Number of platforms (NASA, NOAA, ESA, EUMETSAT, …) - Evaluation teams (TOMS, GOME, SCIAMACVHY, OMI, … ) - Data access (NASA, KNMI, DLR, UB, … )

Integration - Umbrellas (IGACO, GCOS, WMO/CEOS) - Advisory (SAG Ozone, SAG-UV) - Assimilated products (O3 & UV mapping)

What we have & What we need ?


Systematic observations =>

=> Systematic deposition to data bases

Inventory of the ground observation networks

Technologies – the current state and challenges

The GAW/IGACO/NDACC Meeting on Measurements of Strat. Ozone

WMO, Geneva, 21-23 April, 2008, 26 experts, 23 agencies

Ground ozone & UV observation capacity


279 ozone platforms in 1955-2007167 platforms active in 2000-2007All ozone data (total & profiles)

Conclusions - Geograph.imbalance (NH 80%, SH 20%) - ~ 40% reduction in the recent decades

~ 40 UV platforms in 2000-2005UV spectral observations only

Conclusions - Coordinated UV networks in US, CD, EU,JP - HQ spectral UV data in the EUVDB restricted - Erythemal UV in regional networks

~ 30 platforms in the EUVDB-FMI

Ground ozone observation networks


Conclusions- No Brewers and Dobsons in Central Asia- Instrumental geographical imbalance ~ 50% of the platforms need data re-evaluation (Fioletov JGR, 2008)

Total Ozone 78 Dobson, 72 Brewer, 31 Filter

platforms active in 2000-2005

Vertical profiles 62 Ozone sonde, 24 Umkehr (Dobson) platforms active in 2000-

2005

Conclusions- A few sonde stations in SH and Central Asia- Tropics covered mainly by SHADOZ (11 sites)- Brewer Umkehrs taken but not processed

Actual Challenges The GAW/IGACO/NDACC Meeting on Measurements of

Strat. Ozone WMO, Geneva, 21-23 April, 2008, 26 experts, 23 agencies


Seasonal D-B differences (~ 0-3%) in NH mid-latitudes – expected also in SH-ML & HL

Differences between simultaneous Dobson and Brewer observations at Arosa (J. Staehelin & B. Scarnato)

Conclusions- Differences attributed mostly to temperature sensitivity of ozone cross sections- Differences reduced to 1% by TOeff corr.but residual stray-light effects persist- Impacts on validation of satellites and seasonal trends of D/B merged data series

Dobson versus Brewer observations


Differences (shifts & seasonality) between ground D&B satellite observations

Conclusions- D-B differences affect ground-satellite relations - Influence of different satellite algorithms and O3 cross sections

Dobson & Brewer versus satellites


• Simultaneous ozone (Dobson, Brewer, DOAS, sonde) observations in high latitudes• Sodankyla Observatory, FMI-ARC (67°N), SAUNA-1 (2006), SAUNA-2 (2007)

Conclusions- Atmospheric and instrumental stray light effects – can be corrected by a model- Calibration and stray light issues to be further investigated in 2008-2012- Activities coordinated by the RBCC-E Izana and co-funded by ESA and NASA

Main goals:• Absolute accuracy of ground instruments at high SZAs and TOZ values ?• Algorithms and instruments for ~1% accuracy of observations of TOZ ?• Nature of particular differences between ground and satellites ?

Ground & satellites in high latitudes the SAUNA experiment

Ozone profiles by different ground techniques


Umkehrs - New UMK-04 algorithm → freeware available- High observation potential at Brewer stations- Further improvements - elimination of stray light effects

Ozone sondes - JOSIE & BESOS campaigns → SOPs for ECCs- SOP‘s → better accuracy by a factor of 2- „QA & QC for Ozone Sonde Measurements in GAW“ publ. in 2008 to be implemented in the network- JOSIE campaigns to continue at the WCCOS Juelich

LIDARs - Routine or experimental operation at 15 NDACC sites- Instruments and data analysis methods evaluated- Intercomparisons of instruments and algorithms - Further investigations → cross sections, resolution, methods of ICs

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2

3

4

16

1514

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12

11

109

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Ozone profiles by aircrafts


Conclusions - > 20 000 flights since 1994 for O3, H2O, CO, NOy- Integration of Aircraft measurements into IGACO - From projects to sustainable Earth observations (GMES)

Inlet tubes

Instrumentation in Avionic Bay below the cockpit O3/CO/H2O/NOy/DAS

- A European Research Infrastructure (MOZAIC, IAGOS)- > 20 000 flights since 1994 for O3, H2O, CO, NOy- Instruments on 5 commercial aircrafts operated


New instrumentation

UV-VIS Diff. Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS)

• Absorption lines in the UV and Visible part of the solar spectrum• Total columns of more species (O3, NO2, H2O, BrO, …)• About 28 devices (prototypes) operated mostly at the NDACC sites• The SAOZ instruments are routinely operated• New MAX-DOAS (BIRA-IASB and INTA) tested with good results towards B&D

The BIRA-IASB MAXDOAS the SAUNA contributor

The INTA MAX-DOAS at the Izana Observatory


Conclusions for UV-VIS & FT-IR & Microwave- Multiple observations of atm. species → validation of GHG satellites - Perspective instruments for total columns and vertical profiles - Implementation of DQ, calibration and SOPs for a better integration

New instrumentation

- Multiple columns & profiles - About 15 devices at the NDACC sites- Recent results: ~1 % accuracy for column ozone

FT-IR NDACC sites

Microwave Radiometers

- Ozone profiles from O3 emissions at ~102 GHz- Range: ~ 20-70km, resolution: ~ 5-10km- About a dozen devices at the NDACC sites

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers (FT-IR)


UV observations

- Regional networks – some international coordination under NDACC- Instrumentation: Spectroradiometers – mostly Brewers (MKIV, MKIII) Multi-channel narow-band radiometers UV-Biometers – erythemal UV- Calibration – NIST & PTB reference lamps – commercial agencies/laboratories

Spectral irradiances – UV scansBrewer spectrophotometer MK-III

Erythemal UV irradiationUV-Biometers

Conclusions- World references not implemented, some calibration activities by the WRC Davos- SOPs are being defined for Brerwers and for UV-Biometers (COST-726)- Observation infrastructures in the regional scale → a week data exchange- Observation activities often under temporary projects → restricted data

Key topics for the suggestions


1. Maintenance of networks Priority to be given to the tropics and Central Asia → Capacity Building

2. Compatibility of data Comparison of different instruments and algorythms → Research Needs

3. Re-evaluation of problematic data recor Technological workshop followed by re-processing - suggested yesterday

4. Observation techniques for high latitudes Calibration and stray light issues to be further investigated including special missions (SAUNA 2006/2007

5. Integration of new instrumentation (UV-VIS, FTIR. MIcrowave, airborn) Definition of SOPs, DQ and metadata records for the operational instruments

Key topics for the suggestions


6. Spectroscopic standards Standardization of cross sections for ozone and related speciesin (UV → IR) → Research Needs

7. Coordination of existing infrastructures GAW, NDACC → IGACO, GCOS, CEOS, GAW Strategic Plan

8. Global UV monitoring system - International calibration infrastructure to be created, - Observations not restricted and widely deposited into WOUDC - Public information services further implemented

Thank You

Documents

The 7-th Meeting of Ozone Research Managers for the Vienna Convention Systematic Ozone Observations Introduction to the Session 6 No satellite issues as