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The 60s U.S. History 11

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Lyndon Johnson 36 th President- from 1963-67 Great Society Similar to Kennedys goals and ideas Civil Rights Act- 1964 Outlawed discrimination in voting and public places, education, and public accommodations War on Poverty Economic Opportunity Act Job Corps, VISTA,

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Other Great Society Goals Medicare (medical aid to the elderly) and Medicaid (medical aid to the poor and disabled) 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act Increased funding for Native American, inner city, and Mexican American schools Water Quality Act (1965) Clean Water Restoration Act (1966) National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (1966)

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Other Great Society Goals Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 Changing Americas quota system National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities (1965) Overall benefits of Great Society Programs Poverty declined Infant mortality rates declined Aid to elderly and poverty stricken Head Start

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60s Cultural Changes 70 million children from the post- war baby boom became teenagers and young adults Movement away from the conservatives of the fifties continued and eventually resulted in revolutionary ways of thinking and real change No longer content to be images of the generation ahead of them, young people wanted change The changes affected education, values, lifestyles, laws, and entertainment

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60s Art Art of the sixties was influenced by the desire to move into the modern age or future which the space age seemed to forecast Major works by Alexander Calder (mobiles and sculpture) or Helen Frankenthaler (non- representational art) showed a desire to escape from details to interpret Artists wanted to inspire the viewer to leap into the unknown and experience art in their own way A new artist who appeared was Andy Warhol, a leading name in pop art.

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60s Literature Literature also reflected what was happening in the political arenas and social issues Harper Lee's Pulitzer prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird - described the turmoil of race relations Gwendolyn Brooks, Maya Angelou and Margaret Walker Alexander helped create new insights on feminism, race and gender Sylvia Plath (The Bell Jar) and Mary McCarthy (The Group) spoke of women in roles outside of the happy wife and mother of the fifties Women like Betty Friedan, author of The Feminine Mystique, and Gloria Steinem, led the way for many women Disillusionment with the system was the theme of books like Catch- 22 and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.

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60s Education College campuses became centers of debate and scenes of protest more than ever before Great numbers of young adults reaching military draft age and not yet voting age caused a struggle 1966 - James S. Coleman published Equality of Educational Opportunity landmark study that led the way to forced integration and busing in the 1970s Problems in secondary schools were being addressed A return to the teaching of basic thinking skills Phonics made a come back

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60s Education The first teacher allowed to teach pregnant (and showing) in Clear Creek School District It was the end of 1968

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60s Fads California surfers took to skateboards as a way to stay fit out of season By 1963, the fad had spread across the country Barbie dolls, introduced by Mattel in 1959, became a huge success Rival toy manufacturer Hasbro came up with G. I. Joe, the first action figure for boys The troll was a good luck symbol for all ages Slot cars overtook toy trains in popularity

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60s Fashion Crew cuts on men and bouffant hairstyles on women Men's casual shirts were often plaid and buttoned down the front Knee-length dresses were required wear for women in most public places By mid-decade, miniskirts or hot pants, often worn with go-go boots, were revealing legs, body wear was revealing curves, and women's hair was either very short or long and lanky

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