Text Types - spellmanfemenino.edu.ec · Text Types A Quick Revision IB Diploma - English B (HL) tisdag den 25 september 2012

Text TypesA Quick Revision

IB Diploma - English B (HL)

tisdag den 25 september 2012

Always remember...

Who is the reader?Register

Linguistics ’a variety of a language or a level of usage, as determined by degree of formality and choice of vocabulary, pronunciation, and syntax, according to the communicative purpose, social context, and social status of the user.’


BLOG Although blogs differ from one person to another and they cover different topics and use different register (either formal or informal) still have a certain structure.

Blogs usually have• date• direct speech to make the situation more lively• space for reader comments• time the entry was written• hyperlinks to other web pages to / from other sites• information presented in a list (sometimes numbered)• subheadings• blog name• photos / videos• exclamatory phrases• semi-formal or informal register• text written in first person• post title• varied typography (bold, underlined words, capital letters)


ARTICLEa piece of writing included with others in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication

• 2 columns• Headline and subheadline• The name of the newspaper + date• Direct quotations• Indirect speech (when referring to what someone had said,

instead of writing Tamara said: “Write this for tomorrow.” you write Tamara had told us to write this for tomorrow.)

• Formal register• Journalist’s name + e-mail address

See templet on next slide


Introduction• Who• What• Where• When

2nd paragraph• How• Why the audience cares

3rd paragraph• detail of the event

4th paragraph• more detail or back story

5th paragraph• more precise detail or back story

Continues in the same vein for the reminder of the article.


SET OF INSTRUCTIONS

The basics are as follows:

• Address the reader using "you" or "You"• Write your instructions as commands. • Begin a sentence with a verb.• Keep sentences short and simple. Clarify with detailed

explanation.• Omit redundant or confusing information.• Divide different information into sections.• Revise and make sure the steps are written in the most

efficient sequence.


WRITING A SET OF COMMANDS

The basics are as follows:

• Address the reader using "you" or "You"• Write your instructions as commands. • Begin a sentence with a verb.• Keep sentences short and simple. Clarify with detailed

explanation.• Omit redundant or confusing information.• Divide different information into sections.• Revise and make sure the steps are written in the most

efficient sequence.


REVIEW Subjective or objective

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-smigelski/film-review-isons-of-perd_b_551014.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/02/arts/television/oprah-winfrey-introduces-documentary-club.html?_r=1

http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/tv-sons-of-perdition-taking-flight-from-a-polygamist-compound/2011/05/31/AGxjikGH_story.html
















DIARYAlthough blogs differ from one person to another and they cover different topics and use different register (either formal or informal) still have a certain structure.

- Personal

- You use your own personal language or you imitate a character from a book

-Write continuously, a couple of entries at least

-Not meant to be shown to anyone


LETTER 1There are a number of conventions that should be adhered to when producing a formal letter. It is important that the overall structure is as clear and concise as possible and that you avoid the use of colloquialisms.

Addresses:

1) Your Address Your address should be displayed in the top right-hand section of your letter. This will enable the person that you are writing to, to reply to your letter.

2) The Address of the person you are writing toThis address should be displayed beneath your address on the left-hand side of your letter, remember to include the name of the person that you are writing to. (If known)

Date:

This should be displayed on the right-hand side of the page on the line beneath your address and should be written in full format:

e.g. 1st January 2001 OR January 1, 2001


LETTER 2

Salutation & Greeting:

1) Dear Sirs,If you do not know the name of the person that you are writing to, use the greeting "Dear Sirs,". In some circumstances it is useful to find a name, especially if you are writing to make a request as this will show that you have done your homework and your letter is more likely to receive a response.

2) Dear Mr Jones, If you know the name, use one of the following titles:

Mr - for a maleMrs - for a married femaleMiss - for an unmarried female Ms - for a female whose status is unknown or would prefer to remain anonymous Dr - for a person with the status of a doctor

This should be followed by the surname only (not the first name).


LETTER 3

Concluding a Letter:

1) Yours faithfully,If you do not know the name of the person, end the letter with "Yours faithfully,".

2) Yours sincerely,If you know the name of the person, end the letter with "Yours sincerely,".

3) Your signatureSign your name, then print it underneath the signature. If it is potentially unclear what your title would be then include this in brackets next to your printed name.


LETTER 4

Content of a Formal LetterIn modern society there is a trend to use a shorthand writing style, for instance replacing the word "you" with "u" or replacing the word "weekend" with "wkend", there are many other examples. This casual approach and informal writing style can easily be transferred, sometimes subconsciously, when a more formal style is required.

Introductory Paragraph

The introductory paragraph should be concise and should clearly state the purpose of the formal letter whether it is to lodge a complaint, make an enquiry or to request something.

Main Body

The main body of the formal letter should clearly state the points that you want to make in your letter. As a general rule it is a good idea to keep this as to the point as possible to ensure that the recipient remains engaged. Longer letters may be more appropriate when making a complaint as you may require to add more detail in order to convey the importance of what you are putting across.

Concluding Paragraph

The concluding paragraph of a formal letter should outline what action you would like the recipient to take: to make a refund, to send you information etc.


LETTER 5

Letter of Complaint

A letter of complaint is a formal letter sent to an individual or organisation in response to receiving poor service or a product that is not fit for purpose.

An example of a letter of complaint would be a letter sent to a tour operator who has provided a bad service while you have been on holiday.

This type of formal letter does not necessarily need to be concise as it is important that you detail your arguments and points as much as possible.


LETTER 6

Letter of Enquiry

A letter of enquiry is a formal letter that makes an approach to an individual or organisation either speculatively or in response to printed public domain material whereby you are requesting some information.

An example of a letter of enquiry would be a letter sent to an company requesting a copy of their catalogue or brochure.

By their very nature letters of enquiry are short and to the point, it is usually beneficial to include other methods of contact in case the company needs to get in touch with via other means.


LETTER 7

Letter of Request

A letter of request is a formal letter much like a letter of enquiry but specifically asks an individual or organisation to take an action.

An example of a letter of request would be a letter sent to request sponsorship for a charity activity.

It is important to stress the importance of being clear and concise with this format of letter as the recipient must remain engaged and interested in what you have to say.



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Text Types - spellmanfemenino.edu.ec · Text Types A Quick Revision IB Diploma - English B (HL) tisdag den 25 september 2012