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This set includes all problems but you can focus only on the following numbers; 6-11, 28-38, 40-42 and 49-61. The exam will come from those problems.
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Timberlake) Chapter 7
1
Gases7.1
2
Multiple-Choice Questions1)
3
Which of the following is NOT part of the kinetic theory of gases? A)
4
A gas is composed of very small particles. B)
5
There is very little empty space in a gas. C)
6
Gas particles move rapidly. D)
7
Gas particles do not attract or repel one another. E)
8
Gas particles move faster when the temperature increases.
9
2)
10
According to the kinetic theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because
A)
11
a gas is composed of very small particles. B)
12
the particles of a gas are very far apart. C)
13
gas particles move rapidly. D)
14
gas particles do not attract or repel one another. E)
15
gas particles move faster when the temperature increases.
16
3)
17
According to the kinetic theory of gases, particles of a gas A)
18
are very large. B)
19
are very far apart. C)
20
lose their valence electrons. D)
21
move slowly. E)
22
decrease kinetic energy as temperature increases.
23
4)
24
In a gas, the distance between the particles is A)
25
very close relative to the size of the molecules. B)
26
close relative to the size of the molecules. C)
27
fixed relative to the size of the molecules. D)
28
small relative to the size of the molecules. E)
29
very large relative to the size of the molecules.
30
5)
31
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, particles of a gas tend to move __________ and collisions between them are __________.
A)
32
rapidly; rare B)
33
slowly; rare C)
34
rapidly; elastic D)
35
slowly; elastic E)
36
slowly; unusual
37
38
6)
39
The force of gas particles against the walls of a container is called A)
40
pressure. B)
41
volume. C)
42
temperature. D)
43
quantity of gas. E)
44
density.
45
7)
46
Which measurement describes the pressure of a gas? A)
47
315 K B)
48
1.2 g/L C)
49
2.5 L D)
50
725 mmHg E)
51
0.45 moles
52
8)
53
The unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to A)
54
1 mmHg . B)
55
100 mmHg. C)
56
200 mmHg. D)
57
600 mmHg. E)
58
760 mmHg.
59
9)
60
A 5.00-L tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in mmHg? A)
61
1.50 mmHg B)
62
507 mmHg C)
63
760 mmHg D)
64
1140 mmHg E)
65
7.5 mmHg
66
10)
67
A 5.00-L tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in torr? A)
68
1.50 torr B)
69
507 torr C)
70
760 torr D)
71
1140 torr E)
72
7.5 torr
73
11)
74
The atmospheric pressure in Denver, CO is 633 mmHg. What is this pressure in atm? A)
75
1.20 atm B)
76
633 atm C)
77
0.833 atm D)
78
1.00 atm E)
79
127 atm
80
81
12)
82
The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 °C. At higher altitudes, the boiling point of water will be
A)
83
lower, because temperatures are lower. B)
84
lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower. C)
85
higher, because the altitude is greater. D)
86
higher, because there are fewer water molecules in the air. E)
87
the same, because water always boils at 100 °C.
88
13)
89
Vapor pressure can be described as A)
90
the temperature at which bubbles of vapor appear in a liquid. B)
91
the pressure exerted on the earth by the particles in the air. C)
92
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals atmospheric pressure. D)
93
the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid. E)
94
the pressure within the lungs during inhalation.
95
14)
96
An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment because A)
97
it allows water to boil at temperatures less than 100 °C. B)
98
it allows water to boil at 100 °C at pressures less than 1 atm. C)
99
it allows water to boil at 100 °C at pressures greater than 1 atm. D)
100
it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 °C. E)
101
it provides very high temperatures and very low pressures.
102
15)
103
According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas increases as the volume decreases because A)
104
the gas particles get bigger. B)
105
the kinetic energy of the gas particles increases. C)
106
the temperature of the gas increases. D)
107
the gas particles strike the walls of the container with more force. E)
108
the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often.
109
16)
110
Which of the following correctly describes the process of inspiration (air entering the lungs)?
A)
111
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease. B)
112
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to increase. C)
113
The lungs contract, causing their internal pressure to decrease. D)
114
The lungs contract, causing their internal pressure to increase. E)
115
There is no change in the internal pressure in the lungs.
116
17)
117
The volume of a gas with a pressure of 1.2 atm increases from 1.0 L to 4.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas, assuming constant temperature?
A)
118
1.2 atm B)
119
0.30 atm C)
120
3.3 atm D)
121
4.8 atm E)
122
1.0 atm
123
124
18)
125
The pressure of 5.0 L of gas increases from 1.50 atm to 1240 mm Hg. What is the final volume of the gas, assuming constant temperature?
A)
126
4100 L B)
127
5.0 L C)
128
0.0060 L D)
129
5.4 L E)
130
4.6 L
131
A balloon is filled with helium gas. For the question(s) that follow, select the letter of the balloon diagram that corresponds to the given change in conditions.
19)
132
The balloon is put into a chamber whose pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure and at atmospheric temperature.
A)
133
A B)
134
B C)
135
C D)
136
A and B E)
137
B and C
138
20)
139
The temperature is changed from 50 °C to -150 °C at constant pressure. A)
140
A B)
141
B C)
142
C D)
143
A and B E)
144
B and C
145
21)
146
Complete the following statement: In Charles's Law, the volume of a gas __________ when the __________ decreases.
A)
147
increases; temperature B)
148
increases; quantity of gas C)
149
increases; pressure D)
150
decreases; temperature E)
151
decreases; pressure
152
153
22)
154
What unit of temperature is used in gas law calculations? A)
155
degrees Fahrenheit B)
156
degrees Celsius C)
157
Kelvin D)
158
either degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit E)
159
either degrees Celsius or Kelvin
160
23)
161
The temperature of a 500. mL sample of gas increases from 150. K to 350. K. What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?
A)
162
210. mL B)
163
1170 mL C)
164
0.0095 mL D)
165
0.0470 mL E)
166
110. mL
167
24)
168
The volume of a sample of gas, initially at 25 °C, increases from 158 mL to 450. mL. What is the final temperature of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?
A)
169
8.8 °C B)
170
71 °C C)
171
105 °C D)
172
-168 °C E)
173
576 °C
174
25)
175
In Gay-Lussac's Law, the pressure of a gas increases due to an increase in temperature because
A)
176
the molecules strike the walls of the container less often. B)
177
the molecules strike the walls of the container more often. C)
178
the molecules get bigger. D)
179
there is a decrease in the volume of the container. E)
180
there is an increase in the number of gas particles.
181
26)
182
A gas contained in a steel tank has a pressure of 1.5 atm at a temperature of 320 K. What will be the gas pressure when the temperature changes to 450 K?
A)
183
1.5 atm B)
184
0.94 atm C)
185
0.47 atm D)
186
2.1 atm E)
187
1.1 atm
188
189
27)
190
When the combined gas law is rearranged to solve for V2, the following is the correct expression: V2 =
A)
191
T2T1V1/ P2 P1B)
192
P1V1T2/ P2T1C)
193
P1V1T1/ P2T2D)
194
P2T2/ P1V1T1 E)
195
P1V1/ T1 - P2/ T2
196
28)
197
At 570. mm Hg and 25 °C, a gas sample has a volume of 2270 mL. What is the final pressure (in mmHg) at a volume of 1250 mL and a temperature of 175 °C?
A)
198
1560 mmHg B)
199
210. mmHg C)
200
700. mmHg D)
201
690. mmHg E)
202
470. mmHg
203
29)
204
According to Avogadro's law, A)
205
the volume of a gas is inversely related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
B)
206
the volume of a gas is inversely related to the number of moles at standard temperature and pressure.
C)
207
the volume of a gas depends only on the temperature and pressure. D)
208
the volume of a gas depends only on the number of moles in the sample. E)
209
the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
210
30)
211
At STP, temperature and pressure have the values of A)
212
0 K and 1 atm. B)
213
273 K and 1 mmHg. C)
214
273 K and 760 mmHg. D)
215
0 K and 760 mmHg. E)
216
760 K and 273 atm.
217
31)
218
A gas sample contains 4.0 g of CH4 and 2.0 g of He. What is the volume of the sample at STP?
A)
219
130 L B)
220
11 L C)
221
17 L D)
222
30. L E)
223
5.6 L
224
225
32)
226
A diver exhales a bubble with a volume of 250 mL at a pressure of 2.4 atm and a temperature of 15 °C. What is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface where the pressure is 1.0 atm and the temperature is 27 °C?
A)
227
580 mL B)
228
630 mL C)
229
100 mL D)
230
110 mL E)
231
1100 mL
232
33)
233
A diver exhales a bubble with a volume of 250 mL at a pressure of 2.4 atm and a temperature of 15 °C. How many gas particles are in this bubble?
A)
234
1.5 x 1022 gas particles B)
235
0.25 gas particles C)
236
6.02 x 1023 gas particles D)
237
490 gas particles E)
238
2.9 x 1026 gas particles
239
34)
240
How many moles of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP? A)
241
36.7 moles B)
242
32.0 moles C)
243
6.45 moles D)
244
0.638 moles E)
245
1.57 moles
246
35)
247
How many atoms of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP? A)
248
2.21 x 1025 atoms B)
249
1.92 x 1025 atoms C)
250
3.88 x 1024 atoms D)
251
3.84 x 1023 atoms E)
252
9.45 x 1023 atoms
253
36)
254
1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 L at A)
255
0 °C and 0.50 atm. B)
256
0 °C and 760 mmHg. C)
257
100 °C and 1 atm. D)
258
100 °C and 10 atm. E)
259
0 K and 1 atm.
260
37)
261
At STP conditions, 11 g of SO2 have a volume of A)
262
250 L. B)
263
3.8 L. C)
264
22 L. D)
265
0.0076 L. E)
266
130 L.
267
38)
268
A 1.20-L container contains 1.10 g of an unknown gas at STP. What is the molecular weight of the unknown gas?
A)
269
1.32 g/mole B)
270
0.917 g/mole C)
271
22.4 g/mole D)
272
20.5 g/mole E)
273
1.10 g/mole
274
39)
275
The total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the partial pressure(s) of A)
276
the gas with the greatest number of moles. B)
277
the gas with the smallest number of moles. C)
278
the gas with the highest molecular weight. D)
279
the gas that occupies the largest volume. E)
280
all the gases added together.
281
40)
282
A cyclopropane-oxygen mixture is used as an anesthetic. If the partial pressure of cyclopropane in the mixture is 330 mmHg and the partial pressure of the oxygen is 1.0 atm, what is the total pressure of the mixture in torr?
A)
283
330 torr B)
284
430 torr C)
285
760 torr D)
286
1.4 torr E)
287
1100 torr
288
41)
289
A tank contains helium gas at 490 mmHg, nitrogen gas at 0.75 atm, and neon at 520 torr. What is the total pressure in atm?
A)
290
2.1 atm B)
291
0.55 atm C)
292
1.0 x 103 atm D)
293
1.5 atm E)
294
1600 atm
295
42)
296
A tank contains a mixture of helium, neon, and argon gases. If the total pressure in the tank is 490 mmHg and the partial pressures of helium and argon are 215 mmHg and 102 mmHg, respectively, what is the partial pressure of neon?
A)
297
0.228 mmHg B)
298
603 mmHg C)
299
377 mmHg D)
300
807 mmHg E)
301
173 mmHg
302
303
43)
304
Which of the following correctly describes the partial pressures of gases in the body? A)
305
high O2, low CO2, oxygenated blood B)
306
high O2, low CO2, deoxygenated blood C)
307
high O2, high CO2, oxygenated blood D)
308
high O2, high CO2, tissue E)
309
low O2, low CO2, deoxygenated blood
310
44)
311
Which of the following is NOT a potential use for a hyperbaric chamber? A)
312
treatment for burns and infections B)
313
counteracting carbon monoxide poisoning C)
314
increasing the rate at which a broken bone heals D)
315
treating a diver with the bends E)
316
treating some cancers
317
45)
318
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the assumption is made that gas molecules A)
319
move rapidly in random directions. B)
320
are attracted to each other by strong forces. C)
321
are close together in their container. D)
322
move with a kinetic energy equal to their centigrade temperature. E)
323
occasionally come to rest.
324
46)
325
The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is directly proportional to A)
326
the volume of the container. B)
327
the mass of the individual gas molecules. C)
328
the centigrade temperature of the gas. D)
329
the number of molecules of gas in the sample. E)
330
the Fahrenheit temperature of the gas.
331
47)
332
As you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure A)
333
increases. B)
334
decreases. C)
335
remains the same.
336
48)
337
The air pressure on a rainy day is usually __________ air pressure on a sunny day. A)
338
higher than B)
339
lower than C)
340
the same as
341
342
49)
343
At constant temperature, a sample of helium at 760. torr in a closed container was compressed from 5.00 L to 3.00 L. What was the new pressure exerted by the helium on its container?
A)
344
800. torr B)
345
2280 torr C)
346
15.0 torr D)
347
3800 torr E)
348
1270 torr
349
50)
350
A gas sample in a closed, expandable container of initial volume 5.00 L was allowed to warm from 25 °C to 35 °C. What was its new volume?
A)
351
4.84 L B)
352
5.17 L C)
353
7.00 L D)
354
3.57 L E)
355
4380 L
356
51)
357
A gas at 5.00 atm pressure was stored in a tank during the winter at 5.0 °C. During the summer, the temperature in the storage area reached 40.0 °C. What was the pressure in the gas tank then?
A)
358
0.625 atm B)
359
4.44 atm C)
360
5.63 atm D)
361
40.0 atm E)
362
69.5 atm
363
52)
364
A sample of nitrogen gas had a volume of 500. mL, a pressure in its closed container of 740 torr, and a temperature of 25 °C. What was the new volume of the gas when the temperature was changed to 50 °C and the new pressure was 760 torr?
A)
365
530 mL B)
366
450 mL C)
367
970 mL D)
368
240 mL E)
369
400 mL
370
53)
371
At STP, what is the volume of 4.50 moles of nitrogen gas? A)
372
167 L B)
373
3420 L C)
374
101 L D)
375
60.7 L E)
376
1230 L
377
378
54)
379
At STP, how many moles of helium would occupy 1.00 L? A)
380
2.24 moles B)
381
224 moles C)
382
22.4 moles D)
383
0.446 moles E)
384
0.0446 moles
385
55)
386
If atmospheric pressure on a certain day is 749 mmHg, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen, given that nitrogen is about 78% of the atmosphere?
A)
387
165 mm Hg B)
388
584 mm Hg C)
389
600 mm Hg D)
390
749 mm Hg E)
391
760 mm Hg
392
56)
393
The mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is A)
394
P1V1 = P2V2 B)
395
= C)
396
11
PT
22
PT
= D)
397
11
PV
22
PV
PV = nRT E)
398
PT = P1 + P2 + P3
399
57)
400
A sample of argon at 300. °C and 50.0 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of 0.00 °C. What is the new pressure?
A)
401
105 atm B)
402
45.5 atm C)
403
54.9 atm D)
404
23.8 atm E)
405
42.7 atm
406
58)
407
At STP, what is the volume of 1.00 mole of carbon dioxide? A)
408
1.00 L B)
409
44.0 L C)
410
273 L D)
411
22.4 L E)
412
12.2 L
413
414
59)
415
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)When 25.0 g of Zn reacts, how many L of H2 gas are formed at STP?
A)
416
4.28 L B)
417
0.0171 L C)
418
8.56 L D)
419
22.4 L E)
420
0.382 L
421
60)
422
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)When 25.0 g of Zn reacts, how many L of H2 gas are formed at 25 °C and a pressure of 854 mmHg?
A)
423
8.56 L B)
424
0.120 L C)
425
8.32 L D)
426
22.4 L E)
427
0.382 L
428
61)
429
4Na(s) + O2(g ) → 2Na2O(s)
How many L of O2 gas at STP, are needed to react with 15.0 g of Na? A)
430
3.65 L B)
431
14.6 L C)
432
7.30 L D)
433
22.4 L E)
434
32.0 L
435
62)
436
As the reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide proceeds in a sealed container at a constant temperature of 600 K, the pressure in the container will __________.
2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
A)
437
increase B)
438
decrease C)
439
remain constant D)
440
depend on whether a catalyst is present
441
63)
442
As the temperature of a gas increases, the density of the gas will __________. A)
443
increase B)
444
decrease C)
445
remain constant
446
447
7.2
448
Bimodal Questions1)
449
The pressure exerted by the particles of vapor above a liquid is called the __________. A)
450
vapor pressure B)
451
barometric pressure C)
452
standard pressure D)
453
molar pressure E)
454
atmospheric pressure
455
2)
456
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the distance between gas molecules is assumed to be __________ the diameter of the gas molecules.
A)
457
22.4 times B)
458
small relative to C)
459
dependent on D)
460
approximately the same as E)
461
large relative to
462
3)
463
A barometer is a device for measuring __________. A)
464
atmospheric pressure B)
465
blood pressure C)
466
gas pressure in a container D)
467
gas pressure in the lung E)
468
vapor pressure
469
7.3
470
Short Answer Questions1)
471
The use of high-pressure chambers to control disease processes is known as __________.
472
2)
473
Nitrogen makes up about __________ percent of the atmosphere.
474
3)
475
Oxygen makes up about __________ percent of the atmosphere.
476
4)
477
A barometer is usually filled with __________.
478
5)
479
One atmosphere is the same as __________ mmHg.
480
6)
481
The pressure unit 1 mmHg is the same pressure unit as the pressure unit __________.
482
483
7.4
484
True/False Questions1)
485
STP stands for 0 °C and 760 mmHg.
486
2)
487
STP stands for 25 °C and 760 mmHg.
488
3)
489
The volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP is 22.4 L.
490
4)
491
The air we breathe is about 21% oxygen.
492
5)
493
Carbon dioxide and water vapor together account for about 5% of the air we breathe.
494
6)
495
During inspiration, we actually make use of 100% of the oxygen in the air we breathe.
496
7)
497
In deoxygenated blood, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen left
498
8)
499
Gas law calculations normally require the use of the Kelvin temperature scale.
500
9)
501
Ideal Gas Law calculations require the pressure to be in units of atm.
502
10)
503
At 0 K, all motion stops
504
11)
505
The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is inversely related to its Kelvin temperature.
506
12)
507
The kinetic energy of a gas sample is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas.
508
509
7.5
510
Matching QuestionsIndicate the effect on the pressure of the following change.
1)
511
There is a decrease in volume (n, T constant).
512
A)
513
no change B)
514
decreases 2)
515
Some molecules of gas are removed (V, T constant).
516
C)
517
increases
3)
518
The temperature is doubled (V, n constant).
4)
519
The volume and the Kelvin temperature are reduced by one-half (n constant).
5)
520
A leak occurs and gas escapes (V, T constant).
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
Match the correct formula with the gas law name given.
6)
530
Boyle's Law
531
A)
532
PT = P1 + P2 + P3 ...
7)
533
Combined Gas Law
534
B)
535
= 8)
536
Charles's Law
9)
537
Ideal Gas Law
538
C)
539
= 10)
540
Avogadro's Law 11)
541
Gay-Lussac's Law
542
D)
543
P1V1 = P2V2
12)
544
Dalton's Law
545
E)
546
PV = nRT
F)
547
mass/volume
G)
548
=
H)
549
11
PT
=
550
1 11
PVT
2 22
P VT
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
