Test Bank for Operations and Supply Chain Management, Binder Ready Version

7/24/2019 Test Bank for Operations and Supply Chain Management, Binder Ready Version

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File: ch03, chapter 3: Statistical Quality Control

True/False

1. Statistical process control involves monitoring and controlling a process toprevent poor quality.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB, AACSB: None,

2. Statistical process control is a suset o! statistical quality control.Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

3. Statistical process control is ased on a philosophy o! inspection as opposed to

prevention.Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

". #ne reason some companies !ail in their attempt to apply statistical process

control is lac$ o! training.Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

%. #ne goal o! statistical process control is to prevent a process !rom producingitems that have to e scrapped or re&or$ed.Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

'. (&o types o! variation associated &ith the output o! a process are common)random* cause )random* and special cause)nonrandom*.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

+. Control limits are ased on the special cause )nonrandom* variation inherent in

a process.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

. - process that is determined to e in control contains no variation.Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None


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. Common cause )random* variation provides evidence that the process is notin

control.Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

10. /mployee training in statistical process control is a !undamental principle intotal quality management programs.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

11. Statistical process control is a tool used to monitor and improve quality.Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

12. Statistical process control is only e!!ective !or service processes.Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

13. -!ter special cause variation is detected, the !ocus changes to identi!ying the

root cause o! the variation and eliminating it.Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

1". rocess control charts are rarely use!ul !or monitoring and controlling the output

o! service processes.Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

1%. nique or special cause variation re!lects the random variation associated &iththe output o! a process.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

. rocess control is achieved y ta$ing periodic samples !rom a process and

plotting the sample points on a chart to determine i! the process is &ithin

control limits.Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

10. hen a control chart detects no special cause )nonrandom* variation in aprocess, the upper and lo&er control limits are the same value.

Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

11. t is sometimes notnecessary to determine ne& control limits a!ter special

cause )nonrandom* variation has een identi!ied i! the source has eeneliminated &ithout changing the process.

Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None


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12. - variale measure classi!ies &hile an attriute measure quanti!ies.Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

13. ith a c4chart, the sample si5e is small and may contain only one item.Ans: True, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

1". - p4chart is used to monitor the proportion de!ective in the output o! a

process.Ans: True, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

1%. -ttriute control charts are used to monitor descriptive characteristics o! theoutput o! a process rather than measurale characteristics.

Ans: True, LO:#, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

1'. rocess control is achieved y ta$ing periodic samples !rom a process and

plotting the sample points on a chart to determine i! the process is &ithin

control limits.Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

1+. hen a control chart detects no special cause )nonrandom* variation in aprocess, the upper and lo&er control limits are the same value.

Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate!ar, AACSB: None

1. hen special cause variation is detected it is normally eliminated y

increasing the numer o! standard deviations )6 value* used to calculate the

control limits.Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

1. Control charts are never implemented until special cause variation has een

detected in a process.Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

20. t is sometimes notnecessary to determine ne& control limits a!ter special

cause )nonrandom* variation has een identi!ied i! the source has eeneliminated &ithout changing the process.

Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None


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21. (he individual that detects special cause variation in a process is not allo&ed

to diagnose the root cause and correct it.Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

22. - quantitative variale measure classi!ies &hile an qualitative variale)attriute* measure esq.uanti!ies.

Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

23. (he !ormula used to determine the upper and lo&er control limits are ased on

product speci!ication limits.Ans: False, LO: $", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

2". 7ariale control charts are used to monitor measurale characteristics o! a

process8s outputs rather than descriptive characteristics.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

2%. hen calculating control limits !or a process, the numer o! standarddeviations )6 value* is typically si9.

Ans: False, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

1. -n 94ar and 4chart constructed to monitor and control a process use the

same ra& data.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

1. 7ariale control charts are used !or quantitative measures such as &eight or

time.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

20. Construction and use o! an

x 4chart is ased on an assumption that the sample

points are normally distriuted around the centerline.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

21. (he range is the di!!erence et&een the smallest and largest values in a

sample.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

22. (he range measures the variation &ithin samples versus the variation et&een

samples.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None


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23. t is possile to have lo& variation &ithin samples &hile at the same time

having high variation et&een sample means.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2". #ne advantage o! using a pattern test is that special cause variations may e

identi!ied e!ore any points are plotted outside the control limits.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2%. - pattern test can identi!y an out4o!4control process even i! all sample pointsare &ithin control limits.

Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2'. - control chart is in control &hen the plot o! the sample points e9hiits a

pattern.Ans: False, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2+. ! the points plotted on a control chart display a pattern, it is called a run.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2. hen constructing a control chart !or the !irst time, all points should e &ithin

the control limits indicating the process is in control.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

2. rocess control charts are o!ten used at a critical point a!ter &hich it is

di!!icult to correct or re&or$ the process output.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

30. Control charts visually sho& &hen a process is not &ithin statistical controllimits.

Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

31. (he popularity o! /9cel and other data analysis so!t&are has een a ma;or

!actor in the increased use o! statistical process control.Ans: True, LO: &, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

32. (olerances or speci!ication limits are allo&ale variation prescried in aproduct design.

Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None


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33. (olerances re!lect the amount o! common cause variation allo&ed in a

process.Ans: False, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

3". For a given process, the process capaility ratio is notrelated to itsspeci!ication limits.

Ans: False, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

3%. - process capaility ratio greater than one sho&s that a process is capale o!producing output &ithin its speci!ication limits.


3'. -ll processes contain a certain amount o! variation in their output.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

3+. - sequence o! sample points that display a pattern is $no&n as a run.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

3. Statistical process control can prevent poor quality e!ore it occurs i! a patternis evident in the plotted points.


3. (he process capaility inde9 indicates ho& much a process mean di!!ers !rom

the target speci!ication value.


1+. hen constructing a control chart !or the !irst time, all points shoulde &ithin the control limits indicating the process is in control.

Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

1. Special cause variation can e identi!ied using statistical process

control.1. Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

20.

21.

22. rocess control charts are o!ten used at a critical point a!ter &hich it is

di!!icult to correct or re&or$ the process output.Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None


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23. Control charts visually sho& &hen a process is not &ithin statistical

control limits.Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

2". -ll processes contain a certain amount o! variation in their output.Ans: True, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

2%.


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32. n!ormation !rom an 4chart can e used tohelp!ul &hen constructing

the control limits !or an

x 9ar4chart.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy!ar, AACSB: None

33. -n 94ar and 4chart constructed to monitor and control a process usethe same ra& data.

Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

3". -n 4chart monitors the roustness o! a process.Ans: False, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

3%. n some cases, the

x 9ar4chart is used &ithout the 4chart ecause

the &ithin sample variation is not o! concern.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

3'. (he process centerline !or oth 9ar and charts are oth the same

value ecause they are ased on the same ra& data.Ans: False, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

3+. n some cases, the

x

9ar4chart is used &ithout an 4chart ecausethere is no variation et&een the samples.Ans: False, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

3. 7ariale control charts are used !or quantitative measures such as

&eight or time.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

3. hen monitoring a process8s output &ith a quantitative variale either

an 4chart or an

x

4* chart is used, ut never oth.Ans: False, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

"0. Construction and use o! an

x 4chart is ased on an assumption that thesample points are normally distriuted around the centerline.

Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None


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"1. (he range is the di!!erence et&een the smallest and largest values in a

sample.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

"2. (he range measures the variation &ithin samples versus the variationet&een samples.


"3. (he 4chart is used !or monitoring and controlling variation &ithin

samples.Ans: True, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

"". t is possile to have lo& variation &ithin samples &hile at the sametime having high variation et&een sample means.


"%. - sequence o! sample points that display a pattern is $no&n as a run.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

"'. Statistical process control can prevent poor quality e!ore it occurs i! a

pattern is evident in the plotted points.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

"+. - control chart is in control &hen the plot o! the sample points e9hiitsa pattern.

Ans: False, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

". - pattern test can identi!y an out4o!4control process even i! all sample

points are &ithin control limits.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

". ! the points plotted on a control chart display a pattern, it is called a

run.Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%0. ! a pattern is evident in the points plotted on a control chart, the points

are al&ays considered evidence that the process is in control.Ans: False, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None


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%1. #ne advantage o! using a pattern test is that special cause variations

may e identi!ied e!ore any points are plotted outside the controllimits.

Ans: True, LO: %, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%2. Control chart sample si5es are ecoming smaller ecause it is easier to

detect a pattern &ith /9cel or other data analysis so!t&are.Ans: False, LO: &, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%3. sing /9cel to construct control charts should e avoided ecause

most people elieve using so!t&are results in too many errors.Ans: False, LO: &, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

%". #nly certi!ied statisticians should use /9cel to construct a control

chart !or a process.Ans: False, LO: &, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

%%. (he popularity o! /9cel and other data analysis so!t&are has een a

ma;or !actor in the increased use o! statistical process control.Ans: True, LO: &, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%'. (olerances and or speci!ications limits report similar in!ormation

!orare allo&ale variation prescried in a given product design.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%+. (olerances re!lect the amount o! common cause variation allo&ed in aprocess.

Ans: False, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%.


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'0. For a given process, the process capaility ratio is =#( notrelated to

its control speci!ication limits.Ans: False, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'1. - process capaility ratio greater than one sho&s that a process iscapale o! producing output &ithin its speci!ication limits.


'2. - process capaility ratio re!lects the numer o! )6* sigmas included

in the range et&een the upper and lo&er control limits.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'3. Some companies that strive to provide e9tremely high quality use 6>')si9 sigma* vs. 6>3 )three sigma* &hen constructing control limits.

Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

'". (he process capaility ratio measures the nonrandom variation )'

sigma* speci!ication limits over the speci!ication limitscontrol limits.Ans: TrueFalse, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'%. (he process capaility inde9 is used only !or p and c charts &hile theprocess capaility ratio is used only !or 9ar and charts.

Ans: False, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

''. (he process capaility inde9 indicates ho& much a process mean

di!!ers !rom the target speci!ication value.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB, AACSB: None

'+. /9cel can e used to increase the e!!iciency and accuracy o!determining the process capaility ratio and the process capaility

inde9.Ans: True, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Multiple Choice Questions


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1. ossile root causes o! special cause )nonrandom* variation include all o! the

!ollo&ing except:

a. operator error. process out o! ad;ustments

c. over producing

d. de!ective materials

Ans: C, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

"0. ! a sample point plotted on a control chart is outside the control limits

a. the evidence indicates the process is in control.

. the evidence indicates the process is out o! control.c. the evidence is inconclusive.

d. =one o! these ans&er choices is correct.

Ans: B, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None.

"1. hich o! the !ollo&ing could e responsile !or variaility that is special

cause )nonrandom*?a. @ro$en machinery.

.


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Ans: C, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

"%. hich o! the !ollo&ing services can e measured and monitored &ith control

charts?

a. Aospitals. -irlines

c. @an$s

d. -ll these ans&er choices are correct.Ans: D, LO: "1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

"'. Control charts are typically used at the BBBBBBBBBBB o! a process.a. eginning.

. middle.

c. end.d. -ll these ans&er choices are correct.

Ans: A, LO: "1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

"+. hich o! the !ollo&ing is=#( not a primary purpose o! statistical process

control?

a. to estalish control limits

. to detect special cause variationsc. to identi!y speci!ication limits

d. to determine &hen a process is not in controlAns: C, LO:"", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

". Four common types o! control charts include all o! the !ollo&ing

/C/(except:

a.

x 9ar4chart

. t4chartc. p4chart

d. c4chartAns: B, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

". hich o! the !ollo&ing is=#( nota characteristic o! a control chart?a. the centerline is determined using special cause )nonrandom* variations.

. the upper and lo&er control limits are ased on special cause )nonrandom*

variation.c. the centerline is determined y using the target value.

d. none o! the aove are true=one o! these ans&er choices is correct.Ans: D, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None


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%0. hich o! the !ollo&ing statements is (/true?a. ith &ider control limits )larger 6*, the process is more li$ely to e in control.

. ith narro&er control limits, )smaller 6*, the process is more li$ely to e in

control.c. ith &ider control limits )larger 6*, the process is less li$ely to e in control.

d. none o! the aove are true=one o! these ans&er choices is correct.Ans: A, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

%1. Special cause )nonrandom* variation in a process is more li$ely to e detected&ith

a. &ider control limits

. narro& control limits

c. &ider speci!ication limitsd. narro& speci!ication limitsAns: B, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%2. hich o! the !ollo&ing statements concerning control chart limits is true?

a. the smaller the value o! 5, the more narro& the control limits are and the more

sensitive the chart is to changes in the production process. the larger the value o! 5, the more narro& the control limits are and the more

sensitive the chart is to changes in the production process

c. the smaller the value o! 5, the &ider the control limits are and the lesssensitive the chart is to changes in the production process

d. the larger the value o! 5, the more narro& the control limits are and the less

sensitive the chart is to changes in the production processAns: A, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

%3. (he asic purpose o! control charts include)s*

a. estalishing control limits !or a process.. monitoring the process to indicate &hen it is out o! control.

c. oth estalishing control limits !or a process and monitoring the process to

indicate &hen it is out o! control are asic purposes.d. =one o! these ans&er choices is correct.

Ans: C, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

%". (he !ormulas !or determining the upper and lo&er control limits are ased on

the numer o! standard deviations, 5, !rom the process average. Danagement

usually selects a 5 value o! BBBBBBBecause it &ants a high proaility thatthese sample values &ill !all &ithin the control limits.

a. one

. t&o

c. three


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d. si9Ans: C, LO:"", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%%. hen a control chart is !irst developed, i! the process is !ound to e out o!

control,a. the control chart can e utili5ed.

. the control chart should not e utili5ed until more samples are ta$en,

c. the process should e e9amined and corrections madee!ore a ne& controlchart is constructed.

d. the process should e replaced y a ne& process.Ans: C, LO: "", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%%. - control chart that uses the actual numer o! de!ects per item to monitor a

process is $no&n as aa. p4chart

. c4chartc. 4chart

d.

x 4chartAns: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%'. ! a sample o! "0 units o! output !ound %00 de!ects, then the center line !or

monitoring the average numer o! de!ects per unit o! output &ould e

a.

c > "0

.

c > 0.0

c.

c > 12.%

d.

c > 20,000Ans: C, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: centerline=500/40

%+. ! a sample o! "0units o! output !ound %00 de!ects, then the 34sigma upper

control limit !or the

c chart &ould e

a. 12.%0. 23.11

c. 3+.%0

d. +%.00Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: UCL=12.5+3*SQRT(12.5)*3=23.11


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%. - company randomly selects 100 light uls every day !or "0 days !rom its

production process. ! '00 de!ective light uls are !ound in the sampled uls thenthe estimate !or theprocess averagepercent de!ective &ould e

a. '.''+

. 0.1'+c. 0.1%0

d. 0.2%0Ans: C, LO:##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! "#er"$e= %00/(100*40)=0.15

%. - company randomly selects 100 light uls every day !or "0 days !rom itsproduction process. ! '00 de!ective light uls are !ound in the sampled uls then

the 34sigma lo&er control limit &ould e

a. 0.03%+. 0.0"2

c. 0.1%00d. 0.1%+

Ans: B, LO: ##", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: LCL=.15&3*SQRT(.15*.'5/100)=.042

1. (o monitor the numer o! lemishes on a polished sur!ace a company randomly

selects 10 units o! output !rom its process and counts the numer o! lemishes

on each unit. (he sample results are sho&n elo&

Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the average numer o! de!ects per unit !or

this process &ould e

a. 1'0

. 0c. 1'

d. 10Ans: C, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: "#er"$e nuer o ,eect!=(1-+1+5+1'+1%+14+15+1%+14+15+15)/10=1%

'0. hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts is ased on the numer o! de!ects &ithin asample?

a.

x 9ar.

c. c

d. pAns: C, LO:##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None


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'1. hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts is used to monitor the numer percent o!de!ective items &ithin a sample?

a.

x 9ar.

c. c

d. pAns: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

1. ! the quality o! a process8s output is determined y the numer o! de!ects

&ithin a small sample as small as one, use a)n* BBBBBBB control chart.

a.

x 9ar

. c. c

d. pAns: C, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'2. ! the quality o! a process8s output is determined y classi!ying the output as

eing de!ective or not de!ective, use a)n* BBBBBBBBcontrol chart.

a.

x 9ar

. c. c

d. pAns: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'3. hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts are ased on sample si5es as small as

one?

a.

x 9ar

. c. c

d. p

Ans: C, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

'". hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts are o!ten ased on sample si5es equal to

or larger than one hundred?

a.

x 9ar

. c. c


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d. pAns: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

20. -)n* BBBBBB reports the proportion o! de!ective item in a sample.

a. p4chart

. c4chart

c.

x chard. chart

Ans: A, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

21. -)n* BBBBBB counts the numer o! de!ects in a sample.

a. p4chart

. c4chart

c.

x char

d. chartAns: B, LO: ", Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

'%. Consider a production process that produces atteries. - quality engineer has

ta$en 20 samples each containing 100atterieslight uls. (he total numero! de!ective unitsatteriesoserved over the 20 samples is 1200. (he

centerline !or the control chart constructed using 5 equal to t&o is

a. 0.03. 0.0"

c. 0.0%

d. 0.10

Ans: CD, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: NoneSolution: 2100)20G100*>0.0%10

''. Consider a production process that produces atteries. - quality engineer has

ta$en 20 samples each containing 100atterieslight uls. (he total numer

o! de!ectiveatteriesunitsoserved over the 20 samples is 1200. (he samplestandard deviation is

a. 0.013

. 0.022"c. 0.02'%

d. 0.0%210Ans: , LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: NoneSolution: SQ().0%10G.0%100* > .0223

'+. Consider a production process that produces atteries. - quality engineer hasta$en 20 samples each containing 100atterieslight uls. (he total numer


19/38

o! de!ectiveatteriesunitsoserved over the 20 samples is 1200. (he CH !or

the control chart constructed using t&o sigma is

a. 0..0. 0.0"

c. 0.10"

d. 0.11''0Ans: AD, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: NoneSolution: CH>.0%10I2G.0223>.0"1'0

'. Consider a production process that produces atteries. - quality engineer has

ta$en 20 samples each containing 100atterieslight uls. (he total numero! de!ectiveatteriesunitsoserved over the 20 samples is 1200. (he HCH !or

the control chat constructed using t&o sigma is

a. 0.001

. 0.0"0'c. 0.012

d. 0.01'Ans: B, LO:##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>.0%1042G.0223>.00'"

'. Consider a production process that produces tires. - quality engineer has

ta$en 1% samples, each containing 200 tires. (he total numer o! de!ectivetires over the 1% samples is 3"0. (he centerline !or the control chart is

a. 0.0

. 0.11c. 0.1'

d. 0.21

Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: NoneSolution: 3"0)1%G200*>0.11

+0. Consider a production process that produces tires. - quality engineer hasta$en 1% samples, each containing 200 tires. (he total numer o! de!ective

tires over the 1% samples is 3"0. (he sample standard deviation is

a. 0.00%. 0.011

c. 0.022

d. 0.02Ans: C, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: SQ().11G.200* > .022

+1. Consider a production process that produces tires. - quality engineer has

ta$en 1% samples, each containing 200 tires. (he total numer o! de!ective

tires over the 1% samples is 3"0. (he CH !or the control chart constructed

using t&o sigma is


20/38

a. 0.02%

. 0.0"

c. 0.122d. 0.1%"

Ans: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: CH>.11I2G.022>.1%"

+2. Consider a production process that produces tires. - quality engineer hasta$en 1% samples, each containing 200 tires. (he total numer o! de!ective

tires over the 1% samples is 3"0. (he HCH !or the control chat constructed

using t&o sigma ise. 0.022

!. 0.03'

g. 0.0"

h. 0.0''Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>.1142G.022>.0''

+3. /asy (a9 is a service company that prepares ta9 returns. -n outside auditor

has e9amined 20 samples each containing one completed ta9 return. (he totalnumer o! de!ects oserved over the 20 samples is 200. hat type o! control

chart &ould you recommend?

a. p4chart. c4chart

c.

x

chartd. chart

Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

+". Consider a/asy (a9 is aserviceprocesscompanythat completespreparesta9

returns. -n outside auditor has ta$ene9amined20 samples each containingone completed ta9 return. (he total numer o! de!ects oserved over the 20

samples is 200. (he centerline !or the control chart constructed is

a. %. 10

c. 1%

d. 20Ans: B, LO:##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: centerline>20020>10

+%. Consider a service process that completes ta9 returns. -n auditor has ta$en 20

samples each containing one completed ta9 return. /asy (a9 is a service


21/38

company that prepares ta9 returns. -n outside auditor has e9amined 20

samples each containing one completed ta9 return. (he total numer o!

de!ects oserved over the 20 samples is 200. (he standard deviation !or thecontrol chart is

a. 2.2

. 3.2c. 3.

d. ".%Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: standard deviation>Sqrt)10*>3.2

+'. /asy (a9 is a service company that prepares ta9 returns. -n outside auditor

has e9amined 20 samples each containing one completed ta9 return. Consider

a service process that completes ta9 returns. -n auditor has ta$en 20 samples

each containing one completed ta9 return. (he total numer o! de!ectsoserved over the 20 samples is 200. (he CH !or the control chart

constructed using three sigma is

a. 1.'. 2'.+

c. 33.%

d. %0.0Ans: A, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: CH>10I3G3.2>1.'

++. /asy (a9 is a service company that prepares ta9 returns. -n outside auditor

has e9amined 20 samples each containing one completed ta9 return. Consider

a service process that completes ta9 returns. -n auditor has ta$en 20 sampleso! samples containing one completed ta9 return. (he total numer o! de!ectsoserved over the 20 samples is 200. (he HCH !or the control chart

constructed using three sigma is

a. 41.'. 0."

c. 3.3

d. '.%Ans: B, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>1043G3.2>0."

+. Darle nc. ma$es countertops !rom a variety o! high4end materials. (omonitor the quality o! its production processes the company randomly selects

one countertop and counts the numer o! lemishes. (he results !or ten

samples are sho&n elo&:

Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%


22/38

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the average numer o! de!ects per unit !or

this process &ould e

a. 1'0. 0

c. 1'

d. 10Ans: C, LO:##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: "#er"$e nuer o ,eect!=(1-+1+5+1'+1%+14+15+1%+14+15+15)/10=1%

+. (o monitor the numer o! lemishes on a polished sur!ace a companyrandomly selects 10 units o! output !rom its process and counts the numer o!

lemishes on each unit. (he sample results are sho&n elo&

Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the standard deviation o! the numer o!de!ects !or this process &ould e

a. 1'

. 10c. "

d. 0Ans: CC, LO: #, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: r"n$e=1&14=5

0. Darle nc. ma$es countertops !rom a variety o! high4end materials. (o

monitor the quality o! its production processes the company randomly selects

one countertop and counts the numer o! lemishes. (he results !or ten


Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the standard deviation o! the numer o!

de!ects !or this process &ould ea. 1'

. 10

c. "

d. 0Ans: C, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: St"n,"r, ,e#i"tion=SQRT(1%)


23/38


monitor the quality o! its production processes the company randomly selectsone countertop and counts the numer o! lemishes. (he results !or ten


Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the CH using sigma > 3 !or this process

&ould e

a. 3'

. 32c. 30

d. 2Ans: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: UCL=1%+3*4=2'


monitor the quality o! its production processes the company randomly selectsone countertop and counts the numer o! lemishes. (he results !or ten


Sample =o. 1 2 3 " % ' + 10

=o. o! @lemishes 1+ 1 1% 1 1' 1" 1% 1' 1% 1%

Eiven the sample in!ormation aove, the HCH using sigma > 3 !or this process&ould e

a. 12

. c. "

d. 0Ans: D, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: NoneSolution: UCL=1%&3*4=4

3. - control chart that re!lects the amount o! dispersionvariation, or spread,present &ithin each sample is $no&n as a)n*

a. p4chart

. c4chart

c. 4chart

d.

x 4chartAns: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None


24/38

". ! the quality o! a process8s output is determined y the di!!erence et&een thelargest and smallest values in a sample, use a)n* BBBBBBBcontrol chart.

a.

x 9ar.

c. c

d. pAns: B, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

%. ! the quality o! a process8s output is determined y the average value o! a

sample, use a)n* BBBBBBBBBBBcontrol chart.

a.

x 9ar

.

c. cd. pAns: A, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

'. hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts is used to control the variation &ithin

samples?

a.

x 9ar4chart

. chartc. c4chart

d. p4chart.Ans: B, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

+. hich o! the !ollo&ing control charts is used to control the variation et&eensamples?

a.

x 9ar4chart. 4chart

c. c4chart

d. p4chartAns: A, LO:$$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: MOerateMoerate, AACSB: None

. hich o! the !ollo&ing charts are !requently used together to monitor and

control quality?

a. p and

x 9ar


25/38

. andp

c. c and

d. and

x 9arAns: D, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name. @ecause the

cans are so small, consumers are concerned that they are not receiving the !ull% ounces in each can. - quality engineer at the company is charged &ith

analy5ing the !illing process and ensuring accurate readings. #n 1% di!!erent

occasions over the past month, she has ta$en a sample o! ' energy drin$s o!!the production line and recorded their &eight. ! the sum o! the sample means

is 0.20 ounces and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.' ounces, &hat is the

centerline o! an 4chart !or this process?0. Consider a production process !or a %.0 o5. energy drin$. - quality engineer

has ta$en 1% samples each containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the ranges

o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'. (he centerline !or the controlchart reporting variaility &ithin the samples is

a. .%0

. .%

c. 1.20d. 1.%%

Ans: B, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: centerline>12.'1%>.%

1. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name. @ecause the



occasions over the past month, she has ta$en a sample o! ' energy drin$s o!!the production line and recorded their &eight. ! the sum o! the sample means

is 0.20 ounces and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.' ounces, the CH

!or an 4chart o! this process &ould e

2. Consider a production process !or a %.0 o5. energy drin$. - quality engineerhas ta$en 1% samples each containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the ranges

o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'. (he CH !or the control chart

reporting variaility &ithin the samples is

a. 0.0. 1.0

c. 1.+d. 2."

Ans: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: CH>2G.%>1.+


26/38

3. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name. @ecause the

cans are so small, consumers are concerned that they are not receiving the !ull

% ounces in each can. - quality engineer at the company is charged &ithanaly5ing the !illing process and ensuring accurate readings. #n 1% di!!erent

occasions over the past month, she has ta$en a sample o! ' energy drin$s o!!

the production line and recorded their &eight. ! the sum o! the sample meansis 0.20 ounces and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.' ounces, the CH

!or an 4chart o! this process &ould e

". Consider a production process !or a %.0 o5. energy drin$. - quality engineerhas ta$en 1% samples each containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the ranges

o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'. (he HCH !or the control chart

reporting variaility &ithin the samples is

a. 0.0. 1.0

c. 1.+

d. 2."Ans: A, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>0G.%>0.0

%. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name. @ecause the



occasions over the past month, she has ta$en a sample o! ' energy drin$s o!!

the production line and recorded their &eight. ! the sum o! the sample meansis 0.20 ounces and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.' ounces, the

centerline !or an 4ar chart o! this process &ould e

'. Consider a production process !or a %.0 o5. energy drin$. - quality engineerhas ta$en 1% samples each containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the ranges

o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'. (he sum o! the average o! the

energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 0.20. (he centerline !or the control chartreporting variaility et&een the sample means is

a. ".+%

. %.00c. %.3%

d. %.'Ans: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

Solution: centerline>0.201%>%.3%

%30. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name. @ecause the cans

are so small, consumers are concerned that they are not receiving the !ull % ounces ineach can. - quality engineer at the company is charged &ith analy5ing the !illing process

and ensuring accurate readings. #n 1% di!!erent occasions over the past month, she has

ta$en a sample o! 'energy drin$s o!! the production line and recorded their &eight. ! thesum o! the sample means is 0.20 ounces and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.'


27/38

ounces, the CH !or an 4ar chart o! this process &ould eConsider a production

process !or a %.0 o5. energy drin$. - quality engineer has ta$en 1% samples each

containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the average o! the energy drin$s in the 1%samples is 0.20. (he sum o! the ranges o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'.

(he CH !or the control chart reporting variaility et&een the sample means is

a. %.00. %.3%

c. %.+'

d. '."%Ans: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: CH>%.3%I."G.%>%.+'

1. i5a55 manu!actures a %.0 o5. energy drin$ o! the same name.

@ecause the cans are so small, consumers are concerned that they are

not receiving the !ull % ounces in each can. - quality engineer at thecompany is charged &ith analy5ing the !illing process and ensuring

accurate readings. #n 1% di!!erent occasions over the past month, she

has ta$en a sample o! ' energy drin$s o!! the production line andrecorded their &eight. ! the sum o! the sample means is 0.20 ounces

and the sum o! the sample ranges is 12.' ounces, the HCH !or an 4

ar chart o! this process &ould e%". Consider a production process !or a %.0 o. energy drin$. - quality engineer

has ta$en 1% samples each containing ' energy drin$s. (he sum o! the

average o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 0.20. (he sum o! the ranges

o! the energy drin$s in the 1% samples is 12.'. (he HCH !or the control chartreporting variaility et&een the sample means is

a. ".%0

. ".'%c. ".+

d. "."Ans: D, LO:$$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>%.3%4."G.%>"."

2.


28/38

3 %.+ 3.1 2. 2.2

" ".1 ".3 %.3 2.

% 2. 1.3 ".1 3.0

' 3.3 ".3 ".2 3.

a. 2.+

. 3.+0c. 3.1

d. ".2

Ans: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

%%. Solution: Centerline>)".3I".1I3."'I".13I2.3I3.3*' > 3.1Consider a

service process such as a !ast !ood drive through &indo&. (he target !or acustomer8s &aiting time is 3.0 minutes. - manager oserves the process and

randomly collects a sample o! !our &aiting times each hour over a 12 hour

period. (he sum o! the range !or each o! the 12 samples is 1.0. (hecenterline !or the process control chart reporting variaility &ithin the samples

is

e. 0.%!. 1.0

g. 1.%h. 2.0

Ans: C, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: Centerline>112>1.%

3.


29/38

3 %.+ 3.1 2. 2.2

" ".1 ".3 %.3 2.

% 2. 1.3 ".1 3.0

' 3.3 ".3 ".2 3.

a. '."". %.+c. 3.%0

d. 2.2Ans: B, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

Solution: CH >3.1 I .+3G2.2 > %.+

%'. Consider a service process such as a !ast !ood drive through &indo&. (he

target !or a customer8s &aiting time is 3.0 minutes. - manager oserves the

process and randomly collects a sample o! !our &aiting times each hour over a12 hour period. (he sum o! the range !or each o! the 12 samples is 1.0. (he

CH !or the process control chart reporting variaility &ithin the samples is

a. 3.". ".%

c. %.'

d. '.Ans: D, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

Solution: CH>1.%G2.2>3."

".


30/38

. 1.00

c. 1.+'

d. 2.2Ans: C, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH>3.1 J ).+3G2.2* > 1.+'

%+. Consider a service process such as a !ast !ood drive through &indo&. (hetarget !or a customer8s &aiting time is 3.0 minutes. - manager oserves the

process and randomly collects a sample o! !our &aiting times each hour over a

12 hour period. (he sum o! the range !or each o! the 12 samples is 1.0. (heHCH !or the process control chart reporting variaility &ithin the samples is

a. 0.0

. 41."c. 42.'

d. 43.Ans: A, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

Solution: HCH >1.%G0>0

%.


31/38

samples is 3%.". (he sum o! the range !or each o! the 12 samples is 1.0 (he

centerline !or the process control chart reporting variaility et&een the

sample means ise. 2.%

!. 2.%

g. 3.00h. 3.0%Ans: B, LO: $, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

Solution: Centerline>3%."12>2.%

'.


32/38

Solution: CH>2.%I.+3G1.%>".0%

+. 2.%4.+3G1.%>".0%

.


33/38

data !or one restaurant appears elo&. Calculate the process capaility

ratio. s this restaurant capale o! meeting )"42*)%.+41.+'* > ."'K =o

. n general, a process is considered to e in control !or all the !ollo&ing

conditions except

a. no points are outside the control limits

. all points are aove the centerline

c. the points are randomly distriuted !ollo&ing a normal populationd. no pattern e9ists in the plotted points )no evidence o! a run*Ans: B, LO: %', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, AACSB: None

100. - process is generally considered to e in control &hen

a. there are no sample points outside the control limits. most points are near the center line, &ithout many eing close to the control

limits

c. sample points are randomly distriuted equally aove and elo& the centerline

d. all o! the aove are true-ll o! these ans&er choices are correct.Ans: D, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None

101. For the process to e capale o! meeting design speci!ication the process

capaility inde9 must ea. less than one )1.0*

. equal to or greater than one )1.0*

c. less than one5ero)0.0*d. equal to or greater than one5ero)0.0*

e. smaller than Si9 Sigma

!. larger than Si9 SigmaAns: B, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moerate, AACSB: None


34/38

a. 102. - company produces a product &hich is designed to &eigh 10 o5., &ith atolerance o! I 0.% o5. (he process produces products &ith an average &eight

o! .% o5. and a standard deviation o! 0.10 o5. (he process capaility ratio

!or this process is &ith 5 > 3.. 1.'+

c. 0

d. 0.333e. 41.'+

Ans: A, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit r"tio=1.0/(%*0.1)=1.%-

103. - company produces a product &hich is designed to &eigh 10 o5., &ith a

tolerance o! I 0.% o5. (he process produces products &ith an average &eight o!.% o5. and a standard deviation o! 0.10 o5. -ccording to the process capaility

ratio is the process capale o! meeting design speci!ications?a. =o, the process capaility ratio is less than 1.0

. Les, the process capaility ratio is less than 1.0c. =o, the process capaility ratio is greater than 1.0

d. Les, the process capaility ratio is greater than 1.0Ans: D, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit r"tio=1.0/(%*0.1)=1.%-

10". - company produces a product &hich is designed to &eigh 10 o5., &ith a

tolerance o! I 0.% o5. (he process produces products &ith an average &eight o!

.% o5. and a standard deviation o! 0.10 o5. (he process capaility inde9 !or thisprocess &ith 5 > 3 is

a. 1.%0

. 41.%0c. 1.3

d. 41.3Ans: A, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !Ar!ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit in,e=in(.55/(3*.1)(45/(3*.1)=in1.'31.50=1.50

10%. - company produces a product &hich is designed to &eigh 10 o5., &ith a

tolerance o! I 0.% o5. (he process produces products &ith an average &eight o!.% o5. and a standard deviation o! 0.10 o5. -ccording to the process capaility

inde9

a. the process mean is o!! center having shi!ted to the rightand de!ects &ill eproduced

. the process mean is o!! center having shi!ted to the le!tthe process is capale

o! meeting design speci!icationsc. the process mean is centered on the design target


35/38

d. none o! the aove=one o! these ans&er choices is correct.Ans: DA, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy!ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit in,e=in(.55/(3*.1)(45/(3*.1)=in1.'31.50=1.50

'2. - company manu!actures a product that has a design )nominal* target &idth o!% inches &ith tolerances o! I .0% inch. (he process that produces the product

has a mean o! ".% inches and a standard deviation o! 0.01 inch. (he process

capaility ratio !or this process isa. 41.'+

. 41.%

c. 1.%d. 1.'+

Ans: D, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit r"tio=0.1/(%*.01)=1.%-

'3. - company manu!actures a product that has a design )nominal* target &idth o!

% inches &ith tolerances o! I .0% inch. (he process that produces the producthas a mean o! ".% inches and a standard deviation o! 0.01 inch. (he process

capaility inde9 !or this process is

a. 1.'+3. 1.%

c. 41.%

d. 41.'+3Ans: B, LO: ', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit r"tio=in0.055/(3*.01)(0.045/(3*.01)=in1.'31.5=1.5

10'. L6 manu!acturing has received an order to produce a rod %inches in diameter I .0" inch. n sample runs, the machine tool that&ill e ma$ing the rod has een ale to produce rods &ith a mean

diameter o! ". inches and a standard deviation o! 0.011 inch. (he

process capaility ratio !or this process ise. 41.""

!. 41.21

g. 1.21h. 1.""

Ans: C, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit r"tio=0.0'/(%*.011)=1.21

10+. L6 manu!acturing has received an order to produce a rod %inches in diameter I .0" inch. n sample runs, the machine tool that

&ill e ma$ing the rod has een ale to produce rods &ith a mean

diameter o! ". inches and a standard deviation o! 0.011 inch. (he

process capaility inde9 !or this process is


36/38

e. 0.1

!. 1.%1

g. 40.1h. 41.%1

Ans: A, LO:'', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: roce!! c""ilit in,e=in0.03/(3*.011)(0.05/(3*.011)=in0.11.51=1.5

10. L6 manu!acturing has received an order to produce a rod %

inches in diameter I .0" inch. n sample runs, the machine tool that

&ill e ma$ing the rod has een ale to produce rods &ith a meandiameter o! ". inches and a standard deviation o! 0.011 inch. hich

o! the !ollo&ing statements is true?

a. (he process is capale o! meeting design spec ut is o!!4center.

. (he process is capale o! meeting design specs and is on4center.

c. (he process in incapale o! meeting design specs.

Ans: C, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution: C 61 !o inc""le.

Short -ns&er Questions

1)*+ @rie!ly discuss attriute and qualitative variale quality measures.Ans: Essay, LO: # an $", Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

Solution:(he quality o! a product or service can e evaluated using either an

attriute o! the product or service or a variale measure. -n attriute is a

product characteristic such as color, sur!ace te9ture, or perhaps smell ortaste. -ttriutes can e evaluated quic$ly &ith a discrete response such as

good or ad, acceptale or unacceptale, or yes or no. /ven i! quality

speci!ications are comple9 and e9tensive, a simple attriute test might eused to determine i! a product or service is or is not de!ective. - variale

measure is a product characteristic that is measured on a continuous scale

such as length, &idth, time, or temperature. @ecause a variale evaluationis the result o! a measurement it is sometimes re!erred to as a quantitative

classi!ication method. -n attriute evaluation is sometimes re!erred to as a

qualitative classi!ication, since the response is not measured. @ecause it is

a measurement, a variale typically provides more in!ormation aout the

product that does an attriute.

110.sing control charts, ho& do &e evaluate &hether a process is in

control?Ans: Essay, LO:"%, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

Solution:


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Sample points are plotted on the control chart and the chart is e9amined to

determine i! the process is in control. Eenerally, a process &ill e

considered to e in control i! )a* there are no sample points outside thecontrol limits, )* most points are near the process average or center line,

&ithout too many close to the control limits, )c* appro9imately equal

numers o! sample points occur aove and elo& the center line, and )d*the points appear to e randomly distriuted around the center line. ! any

o! these conditions are violated, the process may e out o! control.

111+ hat is a c4chart and &hen is it used?Ans: Essay, LO: ##, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

Solution:

- c4chart is a type o! attriute control chart. - c4chart uses the actual

numer o! de!ects per item in a sample. - c4chart is used &hen it is not

possile to compute a proportion de!ective and the actual numer o!de!ects must then e used. For e9ample, it is possile to count the numer

o! lemishes on a painted sur!ace ut &e cannot compute a proportion

ecause the total numer o! possile lemishes is not $no&n. n such asituation the numer o! lemishes &ould e monitored using a c4chart.

11"+ hy are

B

x and 4charts used together?Ans: Essay, LO: $$, Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: None

Solution:hen monitoring a variales characteristic, that is one that can e

measured, it is possile !or the process to lose control in terms o! its

central tendency )mean* and in terms o! its variaility )range*. = order !orthe process to e in control it must e in control &ith respect to its average

and its variaility. (he t&o charts measure the process di!!erently. t is

possile !or samples to have very narro& ranges, suggesting little processvariaility, ut the sample averages might e eyond the control limits.

Conversely, it is possile !or sample averages to e in control, ut the

ranges might e very large. = order to monitor oth the mean and the

variaility o! a process using a variale measured on a continuous scalethe t&o charts must e used together.

11#+ hat is the process capaility ratio and ho& is it calculated?Ans: Essay, LO: '', Bloom: K, Difficulty: !ar, AACSB: NoneSolution:

rocess capaility re!ers to the natural variation o! a process relative to the

variation allo&ed y the design speci!ications. n other &ords, ho&

capale is the process o! producing acceptale units according to thedesign speci!ications? rocess control charts are used !or process

capaility to determine i! an e9isting process is capale o! meeting design


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speci!ications. (here are three main elements associated &ith process

capailityMprocess variaility )the natural range o! variation o! the

process*, the process center line )mean*, and the design speci!ications.

Documents

Test Bank for Operations and Supply Chain Management, Binder Ready Version