Tec. Emergentes

7/26/2019 Tec. Emergentes

1/15

INDICE1 RESUMEN...................................................................................................................1

2 INTRODUCCIN.........................................................................................................13 OBJETIVOS.................................................................................................................1

3.1 OBJETIVOS GENERAL........................................................................................1

3.2 OBJETIVO ESPECIFICO......................................................................................2

4 MARCO TEORICO.......................................................................................................2

4.1 ALIMENTOS TRANSGNICOS............................................................................2

4.2 LA NUTRIGENMICA LA NUTRIGENTICA........................................................2

4.3 PROCESADO POR EXTRUSIN.........................................................................3

4.4 CMO AVANZA LA TECNOLOGA DE ALIMENTOS........................................3

4.! LAS TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES...................................................................3

4." TECNOLOGAS TRADICIONALES DE CONSERVACIN DE LOS ALIMENTOS................................................................................................................................4

4.".1 TRATAMIENTOS TRMICOS........................................................................4

4.".2 OTROS..........................................................................................................4

4.".3 INNOVACIONES PARA TRATAMIENTOS TRMICOS..................................4

4.# TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES NO TRMICAS................................................."

4.$ TECNOLOGAS NO EMERGENTES...................................................................."

4.% TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES EN LA COSERVACIN DE ALIMENTOS........."

4.%.1 ALTAS PRESIONES......................................................................................#

4.%.2 ULTRASONIDOS...........................................................................................$

4.%.3 CAMPOS ELCTRICOS..............................................................................1&

4.%.4 PULSOS DE LUZ.........................................................................................1&

4.%.! IRRADIACIN.............................................................................................12

! CONCLUSIN...........................................................................................................13

" BIBLIOGRAFA..........................................................................................................14


2/15

TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES PARA LA CONSERVACIN DE ALIMENTOS

1 RESUMEN

E'()* +,- )*(,- /- 0,)('(*- * + 0'-()0 +0*'()0 -* *'5*'()' + 5,'-*)6507'

8 *+ ),5*-, * +0*'(,-. C,' *+ *-)),++, * +- (95'05- 6':- * ),5507'

* +0*'(,-; ,-0) - 60 ?(0+ -@ * -* *' -- 5)5(*)@-(05-

'()050,'+*- 8 ,)>',+9(05- + (0*, * *+ ),5*-, >+,9(05*'(*; >)50- +- +, XIX. E-(* 5,'=0(*), =)'59-; 5,' *+ *-(@+, * ' )*0,

,=)*50, ,) N,+*7' 0*' *'5,'()) ' ),5*00*'(, ) 5,'-*)6) +,- +0*'(,-

) -- 5- 0+0()*-; *-)),++7 ' 9(,, * 5,'-0-(@ *-*'50+*'(* *'

*'6-)+,- *' @ * 5,'-*)6507' ,) 5+,); ', +>) +-

5,'-*)6- *-(*)0+0:- (9)05*'(* * ,8 5,',5*,-; 58 5,'-*)6507' ,) +)>,-

*)@,,- * (0*, -* *507' * + 5,'-*)6507' * + 60 * ?(0+ * +,- +0*'(,-.

3.2 OBJETIVO ESPECIFICO

D*(*)0') *+ 5,'5*(, * (*5',+,>@ **)>*'(*.


3/15

A'+0:) +,- 5,'5*(,- *+ 6'5* * +- (*5',+,>@- *' +,- +0*'(,-. D*(*)0') T*5',+,>@- ()050,'+*- * 5,'-*)6507' * +,- +0*'(,-.

4 MARCO TEORICO

4.1 ALIMENTOS TRANSGNICOS

A+0*'(,- * ' -0, '0+,- >*'9(05*'(*; *+00'', , 0*', >*'*-; *'*- *+ 0-,

,)>'0-,; 5,, *' *+ 5-, *+ )0*) (,(* ,0=05, * -* 5+(067; *' *+ * -*

-)007 ' >*' )*-,'-'0-, ()'->9'05, * ++*6 *+ >*' * ,() *-*50*; ' >*'*-*5@=05, * ' @=*),; ,) **+,; -* 0'(),5* *' *+ ADN * ' 5*)*+. A*'9(05*'(*; *), -,+, *+ -*>', 5-, *- '

,)>'0-, ()'->9'05,.

(Swanson,1993)

4.2 LA NUTRIGENMICA LA NUTRIGENTICA

L '()0>*'705; *- ' 50*'50 * *)0,- ,) + 0*(; **' +(*)) *+ *-(, ',)+ * -+;

+(*)', + *-()5() * + 0'=,)507' >*'9(05 .

B, 50*)(- 50)5'-('50- 8 *' +>',- 0'060,-; + 0*( ** -*) ' =5(,) *

)0*->, -*)0, ) *-)),++) 50*)(- *'=*)**-.*', ',; ('(,

0)*5( 5,, 0'0)*5(*'(* +(*)', + *-()5() >*'9(05 , - *)*-07'.5 E+ >), *' *+ * + 0*( 0'=+8* *' *+ *0+0*'*- )*>+,- ,) + 0*( -,' ),*'-,- >) ' *+ *' *+

*-(*'9(05; * '+0: + )*-*-( * + *-()5() >*'9(05 )(05+) *+ 0'060,

50*)(,- '()0*'(*-.(Barbosa, 1997)


4/15

4.3 PROCESADO POR EXTRUSIN

L *()-07' *- ' (95'05 * ),5*-, * -- * ()'0-,- -* *+,@- * *' + /0 5+0 * +,- +0*'(,- 5,' *+ @'0, 5,-(* 8

(0+0:', (95'05- /- )*-*(,-- 5,' *+ *0, )05+() 5,,

-,-(9' * +- -,50**-; 5,' +, *


5/15

S*>)0 *+ +0*'(, L)>, +:, * 5,'-*)6507' C+0 ,)>',+9(05 C+0 '()050,'+ V0',+9(05-. P9)0- * ),0**- '()050,'+*-.

4.".2 OTROS

R*=)0>*)507'C,'>*+507'. P)*-*)6507' @05 0(06,-A. D#$%#&'()($ A+(, 5,-(, *'*)>9(05, 8 ,5 60 * '*+. D-)*5:, *+ 5,'-0,) 50 0(06,-.

4.".3 INNOVACIONES PARA TRATAMIENTOS TRMICOS

M*,) * +,- -0-(*- 5,'6*'50,'+*-

4.6.3.1 TRATAMIENTOS TRMICOS CONVENCIONALES

A. E$'#*+,+-(+/& 0 UT

ltra !"g! te#$erat%re; ),5*00*'(, * 5,'-0-(* *' -,*(*) ' +0*'(,

+@0,; *-*50+*'(* + +*5*; ' 0'8*5507' * 6,) )*-07' )'(*

*',- * ' -*>',; -( +5':) +,- 1!& KC; 5,' *+ =0' * *-()0) +,->9)*'*- 8 ),+,'>) - 5,'-*)6507'.

F0>) 1 E-(*)0+0:507' 8 UT


6/15

F*'(* B*++,-,; 2&1&B. C($ (5&6'+$ $+,(&'#$

L (0+0:507' * 5,- >'9(05,- ,-50+'(*- ) + 0'5(06507' *

05),,)>'0-,- (0*'* *+ ,(*'50+ * -(*)0:) +0*'(,- 5,' ' *,) *' +

5+0 8 *' + 60 * '*+; *' 5,)507' 5,' +,- ),5*-,- 5,'6*'50,'+*-

* -(*)0:507'. L,- 5,- >'9(05,- **' -*) *-(/(05,- CMS ,-50+'(*-

CMO. E' *+ 5, >'9(05, *-(/(05, + 0'(*'-0 *+ 5, >'9(05, *-

5,'-('(* 5,' *+ (0*,; 0*'()- * *' ' 5, >'9(05, ,-50+'(* -* +05

*' =,) * +-,-. (&ot!aka#%r', 1993 )

4.6.3.2 TECNOLOGAS TERMICAS NOVEDOSAS

A. C(,#&'(+#&' /7+

o I'(*'-0 * 5, *+95()05,.o T**)() 8 T0*,.o P),0**- (*),=@-05-.

B. R(8+9*#:#&+($o P),5(, ,,>9'*,o R0*->, * )5, *+95()05,o M8,) '0=,)0 * 5+*'(0*'(,

C. M+*&8($o E-*-,) *+ +0*'(,.


7/15

o P,5 '0=,)0.o C+*'(0*'(, R/0,.

4.; TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES NO TRMICAS

A+(- )*-0,'*- 0),-(/(05- PP. P+-,- *+95()05,-. I))0507'. P+-,- +0',-,-. U+()-,'0,. C,- >'9(05,-.

4.< TECNOLOGAS NO EMERGENTES

P),5(,- -*>),- 0',5,- P),5(,- ),5*-,- 5,' 5,'(*'0, '()050,'+ 8 5)5(*)@-(05- ,)>',+9(05-

-00+)*- +,- =)*-5,-. P),5(,- +0


8/15

4.9.1.1 ALTA PRESIN DINMICA

I'5)**'(, * )*-07' *' ' (0*, 8 5,)(, 0+9-0- * -*>', 5,,

5,'-*5*'50 * ' *+,-07' * >*'*) ' ,' * 5,* Q1&& MP.

4.9.1.2 ALTA PRESIN ESTTICA

I'5(06507' * 05),,)>'0-,- 8 *+ TICAS P)*-0,'*- *-* "&&H4&& MP 1H2& 0' S* (0+0: > 5,, *0, ()'-0-,). P)*-07' '0=,)* *' (,,- +,- '(,- -0' 0,)() =,) , 0*'-07' T*5',+,>@ '0+*'(*. I+**'(507' 0'-()0+ 5)*500*'(,.

L*8 C(*+0*) C+0*) =*'7*', )*550,'*- @05-; 5*+0=05507' *' =)0, * 5)',+9(05.? DESVENTAJA

S,+*'(* +0*'(,- *'6-*- =+*0)'

(,. P),5*-, 0-5,'(0',.8? FACTORES A TENER EN CUENTA


9/15

T0, * 05),,)>'0-,- =0+0; *-*50*; C*- F-* * 5)*500*'(, *' + * -* *'5*'()*. T**)(); )*-07' 8 (0*, * ()(0*'(,. 8 5,,-0507' *+ *0,. N, -* )*-*'(' +(*)50,'*- -0>'0=05(06- *' ),- '0 6+,)

'()050,'+ *+ ),5(,. S* **' )*-*'() 5*'*) ,) ,'- -,',)- * 2&.&&& , /- 60*'*)507' 8 *6,+507' 0)0.


10/15

F0>) 2 E=*5(, 5,'-*)6,)

F*'(* B*++,-,; 2&1&

A. F('*#$ ( '#* #& :#&'(o A+0( * +- ,'-.o I*'(0=05507' * +,- *5'0-,- * 0'5(06507'.o E-(0) + 0'=+*'50 * +,- =5(,)*- 5)@(05,- * ),5*-,.o E-(0) *+ *=*5(, -,*',- )*-0-(*'(*-.

o E-(0) 50'9(05- * *-()5507'.o D*(*)0') +,- =5(,)*- 5)@(05,- *+ ),5*-,.

4.=.3 CAMPOS ELCTRICOS


11/15

A. F('*#$ ( '#* #& :#&'(o S -, *-(/ +00(, ),5(,- *'0*)@ * +(0+05' +

,(*'50 6)0- 6*5*-. L ,(*'50 -* >'0=05 ,) + 5+507' * *'*)>@

*+95()05 *' ' 5,'*'-,) * +5*' *'*)>@ ,) (0*,- )*+(06*'(* +)>,-

=)550,'*- * -*>',-. E-( *'*)>@ +5*' -* (0+0: ) )*+0:) *+ ()',-. E+ )*-+(, *- '

,(*'50 *+*6 )'(* *+ 505+, * ()-(, ,*), *' *+ 5,'-, **'*)>@ D''; 1%%". L- (*5',+,>@- * P)* P+-* ' *-)),++, ,- '*6,-

),5*-,- ) () 05),,)>'0-,-; -,50,- 5,' *+ *'6-, * ),5(,-

+0*'(050,-; -0'0-(),- 905,-; =)59(05,-; > 8 0)*. (*%nn, 199+)

E-(,- '*6,- ),5*-,- -,' *',0',- ,) - ',+9- P)* B)0>( 8

C,,+ P)*. L,- +-,- * +: *',0',- P)* B)0>( (0+0:' )8,- * +: *

5,)( )507' *' *+ *-*5(), +0, * +: 0(*- * ,'-. P,) +,

('(,; ) ()() +,- +0*'(,- -* ** (0+0:) *+ *-*5(), 5,+*(, , + +,'>0( *

,' -*+*550,'. L- +,'>0(*- * ,' 5,',50- * ),5*' ),5(,-

0'*-*


12/15

L,- +-,- * +: ),,)50,'' ' *(),)0')0 +0507' * + 60 * '*+

* ' >)' 6)0* * +0*'(,-. S* 5,),,- *' >)' 6)0* * ),5(,- ,)'*,-. C),'*-

()(,- 5,' PL; +5*',- 8 )*=)0>*),- *)'*50*),' 5,*-(0


13/15

4.=.! IRRADIACIN

F0>) 3

F*'(* B*++,-,; 2&1&

P),5*-, (*5',+7>05, * +05 + )0507' 0,'0:'(* ' +0*'(, 5,' + =0'+0 *

*,)) + *-(,- *)0,,- * +5*'0*'(,.

L- 0))050,'*- * +,- +0*'(,- -( ' ,-0- *0 >+,


14/15

o L- ,-0- -* **' -() 8 -* **' ,@- ' +(*)'(06 *

--(0(507' * +,- ),5*-,- (9)05,- ()050,'+*- (0+0:,- *' + -(*)0:507' 8

*-(*)0+0:507' * +0*'(,- +@0,-. L,- )*-+(,- * *-(0,- **)0*'(+*- '*,-(), + *=0550 8 6+0507' * *-(,- 9(,,- *' + 5,'-*)6507' 8 *(*'-07' * +

60 * '*+ * ),5(,- +0*'(050,- 5,, + +*5*; *6,- +@0,-; >,- *

':'; ')' 8 8,>)*-; *'()* ,(),-. L,- 5,- *+95()05,- +-'(*- * +(

0'(*'-0 8 +,- +-,- * +: -,' +- ,- (*5',+,>@- /- *-(0- 8 * )*5*' *-()


15/15

+0-(- ) - +05507' 0'-()0+; 5,, -* *,-(), *' )*M)(0'B*++,-,.=

B*++,-, O+> M)(@'. TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES EN LA CONSERVACIN DEALIMENTOS 2&1!.

SITZMANN; W.; 8 MAREL; . 1%%2. 0++0'> ,= 05),,)>'0-- 0' =+0 *0 H

6,+(>* +-*-. DECEMA B0,(*5',+. C,'=*)*'5* S*)0*-. !B"#!H$.A)(*. T*5',+,>@- **)>*'(*- * 5,'-*)6507' * +0*'(,-. 21 * J'0, 2&&1

B*++,-, O+> M)(@'. TECNOLOGAS EMERGENTES EN LA CONSERVACIN DEALIMENTOS O5(

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