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TEACHING RECEPTIVE SKILLS: LISTENING AND READING.
Калинина Е.А. доцент кафедры
филологического образования СарИПКиПРО
PROBLEMS IN LISTENING: People speak too fast to follow They can not tell where the words start
and stop People pronounce the words they just do
not recognise They can not work out details They can not even get the general
message They do not know what attitudes people
are expressing They can not pick out the most important
parts for understanding
THE TASK –FEEDBACK CIRCLE
Lead-in Pre-task work (optional) Set clear task Play the recording or students read
the text Feedback on task conclude
THREE GUIDELINES:
1. GRADE THE TASK, NOT THE MATERIAL
2. TASK FIRST- THEN RECORDING
3. PROCESS RATHER THAN PRODUCT
Examples of listening tasks:
LISTEN AND… ARGUE AGAINST THE PROPOSITION CHOOSE THE CORRECT PICTURE LISTEN AGAIN UNTIL YOU HAVE
LEARNED THE POEM BY HEART SAY A REPLY TO EACH COMMENT
YOU HEAR
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER DECIDE WHICH PERSON IS SAYING
WHICH SENTENCE FOLLOW THE ROUTE ON THE MAP WALK/SIT/MOVE ACCORDING TO
THE INSTRUCTIONS DRAW A PICTURE
TAKE DOWN THE MESSAGE, ADDRESS AND PHONE NUMBERS
PICK UP AND SHOW A CORRECT PICTURE
GUIDELINES FOR LISTENING SKILLS WORK IN CLASS:
Keep the recording short Play it 2 times at least Let students discuss their answers
together Do not be led by one strong student Give help only if they are
completely stuck(DVD- feedback after an exercise)
TYPES OF LISTENING:
1. GIST LISTENING (EXTENSIVE LISTENING) (BOTTOM-UP)- GETTING THE GENERAL MEANING
2. LISTENING FOR DETAIL (TOP-DOWN)
POSSIBLE ROUTE MAP FOR A LISTENING LESSON:
Discuss the general topic Predict the specific content Predict the structure (who speaks? What
kind of questions) Gist listening for overview Gist listening for attitudes More careful listening for complex
meanings Listening for small details
LISTENING IDEAS:
News headlines Jigsaw listening Home recordings Live listening Guest stars.
PROBLEMS IN READING:
Lack of vocabulary I need the dictionary all the time It is very slow Because it is slow the pleasure or
interest is soon lost
READING FOR DETAIL (INTENSIVE)
skimming=read quickly to get the gist of the passage
scanning= move eyes quickly over the text to locate a specific piece of information.
Skimming and scanning are both “top-down skills”.
POSSIBLE ROUTE MAP FOR A READING LESSON:
1. Pre-text Introduction and lead-in First task (pre-reading)-prediction
from from illustrations, key-words, headlines), reading questions about the text.
2. Text Skimming tasks (check text against predictions,
guess the title from the choice of 3 options, put events in the right order)
Scanning tasks Tasks to focus on general meaning (answer the
questions, make a sketch, fill out a form, find out which picture is being described, compare viewpoints)
Tasks to focus on detailed meaning Vocabulary or grammar exercises, use of
dictionaries)
POSSIBLE ROUTE MAP FOR A READING LESSON:
3. Post-text Follow- on task (role-play, debate,
writing task, personalisation) Closing (reflection).
POSSIBLE ROUTE MAP FOR A READING LESSON:
Specific ideas for reading tasks:
Put these illustrations of the text in the correct order
Put these cut-up paragraphs in the correct order
Find words in the text that mean the same as the words in the list
Read the text and find mistakes in the illustration
Read the text and make a list of particular items
Give a headline to each section of the article
Insert the sentences into the text Discuss or write the missing last
paragraph of the text
Specific ideas for reading tasks:
EXTENSIVE READING
READERS- books published specifically for learners. They are graded and have grammar and vocabulary exercises.
Extensive reading activities:
Do not always start at the beginning! Try jumping in at the middle and reading one page. Predict what happened before
Create a situation totally different from the book and allow students to improvise
Review the book for a TV programme. Meet the author, discuss and argue.