Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA ROMANIAE (2015) V. 11 (1), P. 25-62
________________________________
1Babeș-Bolyai University, Department of Geology, Str. Kogălniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj Napoca, Romania, [email protected], 25 [email protected]
TAXONOMIC RECORD OF THE OLIGOCENE BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM
THE VIMA FORMATION (TRANSYLVANIAN BASIN, ROMANIA)
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely1* & Sorin Filipescu1
Received: 11 February 2015 / Accepted: 04 August 2015 / Published online: 26 August 2015
Abstract Samples collected from the Oligocene Vima Formation in the Transylvanian Basin revealed abundant and
diverse foraminifera assemblages. Among benthics, 139 taxa belonging to 76 genera, 43 families, 26 superfamilies,
11 suborders and 8 orders were identified. A large number of agglutinated and calcareous benthic foraminifera
species are reported and illustrated for the first time from the Oligocene of the Transylvanian Basin
Keywords: benthic foraminifera, taxonomy, Oligocene, Transylvanian Basin
INTRODUCTION
Regional geotectonic evolution during the Oligocene
produced major paleogeographic changes in Central and
Eastern Europe, mainly by the separation of a new marine
realm, the Paratethys (Laskarev, 1924; Rögl, 1998).
These new conditions influenced the development of
particular Oligocene sedimentary paleoenvironments in
the Transylvanian Basin. Krézsek & Bally (2006)
included the sedimentary formations in the Paleogene
megasequence. According to Filipescu (2001) and
Krézsek & Bally (2006), the deposition of the early
Oligocene bituminous shales of the Ileanda Formation
(Hofmann, 1879) continued with outer shelf to slope
Vima Formation (Lăzărescu, 1957, emend. Rusu, 1969)
and the equivalent inner shelf Buzaș Formation
(Dumitrescu, 1957).
Earlier studies focused on the taxonomy and
biostratigraphy of the foraminiferal assemblages in the
Vima Formation. Among first investigations from this
area belong to Majzon (1950a, 1950b). Diverse
planktonic and benthic foraminifera were documented by
Popescu (1971, 1972, 1975), Popescu & Iva (1971), and
Popescu & Brotea (1989). Our recent investigations in the
Vima Formation also revealed abundant and diverse
Oligocene planktonic and benthic foraminifera
communities. The aim of this contribution is to improve
the knowledge of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera
assemblages and to provide proper illustration of selected
species.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
One hundred and eleven samples were collected from
three outcrops (coordinates N47.41477, E23.82699;
N47.41356, E 23.82637; N47.41195, E 23.82692 - Fig. 1)
from one of the most representative sections of the Vima
Formation, located in Fântânele village (Maramureș
county). The studied deposits consist of mudstones and
sandstones (Fig. 2). The samples were processed
following standard micropaleontological methods.
Foraminifera were picked from the 63μm fraction.
Representative species were photographed using scanning
electron microscopes at the University of Fribourg and
Babeş-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca.
BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES
Several types of assemblages were identified based on
quantitative analysis of the benthic community. These
were separated mainly according to the inferred
paleodepth and bottom water oxygenation, as follows:
1. Assemblages adapted to relatively well-oxygenated
environments affected by intervals of low-oxygen caused
by seasonal / interanual oscillations of oxygen content at
the sea floor, contain diverse benthic foraminiferal
assemblages, well represented by both epifaunal and
infaunal forms. Calcareous benthic species, such as
Cibicidoides acutus (Fig. 15.4), C. ungerianus filicosta
(Fig. 15.3), and C. oligocenicus (Fig. 15.6) are present in
moderate numbers and are known as intolerant to low-
oxygen conditions (Barmawidjaja et al., 1992; Rögl &
Spezzaferri, 2003). Additionaly, the co-occurrence of the
species Heterolepa praecincta (Figs. 17.1-17.2) and H.
eocaena (Figs. 17.3-17.4) suggest episodes with well-
oxygenated bottom waters (Murray, 2006). However,
intervals with fluctuating phytodetritus supply to the
seafloor (Gooday, 1993) could be suggested by the
presence of Epistominella molassica (Fig. 15.7),
Alabamina tangentialis (Figs. 16.8-16.9), and possibly
?Gyroidina constans (Fig. 15.2), while periodic high
primary productivity has been inferred based on the high
proportions of Uvigerina popescui (Rögl & Spezzaferri,
2003; Figs. 13.2-13.5). The above mentioned factors
triggered intervals with decreased oxygen content on the
substrate and the development of low oxygen tolerant
infaunal forms, such as Bolivina dilatata dilatata (Figs.
11.5-11.6), B. dilatata hyalina (Fig. 11.4), B. fastigia
(Fig. 11.2), and Bulimina schischkinskayae (Fig. 12.9).
Less representative benthic forms for these assemblages
are: Gyroidinoides octocameratus (Fig. 17.5),
Hansenisca soldanii (Figs. 17.7-17.8), Globocassidulina
subglobosa (Fig. 11.14), Spirorutilus carinatus (Fig. 5.1),
Stilostomella adolphina (Figs. 14.12-14.14), S. emaciata
(Figs. 14.15, 14.17, 14.18 & 14.21), and S. bradyi (Fig.
14.20).
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
26
2. Assemblages adapted to low oxygen bottom water
conditions - are characterized by low species diversity.
The dominant species are Bulimina schischkinskayae,
Caucasina oligocaenica (Figs. 12.3-12.5), Bolivina
dilatata dilatata, B. dilatata hyalina, Fursenkoina
mustoni (Figs. 14.2-14.3) and F. halkyardi (Figs. 14.5-
14.10). Low oxygen bottom water conditions for this kind
of assemblages was suggested by Spezzaferri & Ćorić
(2001), Rögl & Spezzaferri (2003) and Murray (2006).
These co-occur with other less represented benthic
foraminifera such as the epifaunal-shallow infaunal
Haplophragmoides carinatus (Kaminski, Gradstein and
collaborators, 2005 - Figs. 4.5-4.9), Epistominella
molassica, Lenticulina inornata (Fig. 8.10) and
Lenticulina arcuatostriata (Fig. 8.9) indicating episodes
of phytodetritus supply and intervals with increased
dissolved oxygen content at the sea floor.
3. “Flysch-type” assemblages (Gradstein & Berggren,
1981) - populated the deeper upper slope environments.
These are completely dominated by agglutinated
foraminifera (mainly Haplophragmoides carinatus) or
mixed agglutinated (dominant tubular) and calcareous
benthic species. Agglutinated foraminifera are
represented by tubular forms (Bathysiphon taurinensis -
Fig. 3.1; Hyperammina elongata - Fig. 3.7; H. rugosa -
Fig. 3.6; Nothia excelsa - Figs. 3.4-3.5; Rhabdammina
spp.), uniserial Reophax (R. duplex - Fig. 3.12; R.
globosus - Fig. 3.14; R. subfusiformis - Fig. 3.15; R.
excentricus - Fig. 3.16; R. pilulifer - Fig. 4.2; R.
scorpiurus - Fig. 4.1), coiled Recurvoides spp., and
planispiral Reticulophragmium (R. amplectens - Fig. 6.1;
R. rotundidorsatum - Fig. 6.2; R. acutidorsatum - Fig.
6.3). Calcareous benthic foraminifera within the mixed
communities (Stilostomella adolphina, S. emaciata, S.
bradyi, Uvigerina gracilis - Fig. 13.8; Bolivina spp.,
Cibicidoides spp., Lenticulina inornata, L. limbosa - Fig.
8.7; Epistominella molassica and ?Gyroidina constans)
are less abundant in these assemblages.
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
Although most of the identified planktonic species from
the Fântânele section have a large stratigraphic range, the
presence in the first outcrop of Chiloguembelina cubensis
associated with Paragloborotalia opima suggest the
Oligocene Zone O4 (late Rupelian, G. angulisuturalis /
C. cubensis Concurrent-range Zone following the
biozonation of Wade et al., 2011). The occurrence of
Paragloborotalia opima and Globigerina ciperoensis in
the third outcrop suggests a Late Oligocene age (early
Chattian, Zone O5 – P. opima Highest-occurrence Zone
according to Wade et al., 2011) for the younger
sediments. Based on these observations, the Rupelian -
Chattian boundary in the Fântânele section could be
placed within the second outcrop (Fig. 2).
SYSTEMATIC TAXONOMY
Identification of benthic foraminifera was mainly based
on the works of Bhatia (1955), Batjes (1958), Larsen &
Dinesen (1959), Kümmerle (1963), Grossheide & Trunkó
(1965), Popescu & Iva (1971), Popescu (1975), Sztrákos
Fig. 1 Simplified geological map of the studied area and location of sampled outcrops (modified after Beldean &
Filipescu, 2011; detailed map redrawn after Giușcă & Rădulescu, 1967).
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
27
(1979), Reiser (1987), Cicha et al. (1998), and Horváth
(2003). Classification of calcareous benthic foraminifera
is based on the suprageneric classification of Loeblich &
Tappan (1988), while the classification of Kaminski
(2004) was used for the agglutinated forms. Selected
illustrations for the plates represent certainly determined
foraminifera species. In some cases, specimens lacking
morphological features necessary to associate it with a
specific species are presented in the classification as
“sp.”. Synonymy list containing various foraminifera
species was compiled based on important works focused
on taxonomy (e.g. Rögl & Hansen, 1984; Papp &
Schmid, 1985; Horváth, 2003; Kaminski, Gradstein &
collaborators, 2005).
Class FORAMINIFEREA d’Orbigny, 1826
Subclass TEXTULARIIA Mikhalevich, 1980
Order ASTRORHIZIDA Lankester, 1885
Suborder ASTRORHIZINA Lankester, 1885
Family RHABDAMMINIDAE Brady, 1884
Subfamily BATHYSIPHONINAE Avnimelech, 1952
Fig. 2 Simplified lithology of the Fântânele section and position of the collected samples.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
28
Genus Bathysiphon Sars, 1872
Bathysiphon taurinensis Sacco, 1893
Fig. 3.1a-b
Bathysiphon taurinensis Sacco, 1893, p. 168, pl. 11, fig. 2
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Bathysiphon taurinense Sacco - Popescu, 1975, p. 32, pl.
1, fig. 2.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Nothia Pflaumann, 1964
Nothia excelsa (Grzybowski, 1898) emend. Geroch &
Kaminski, 1992
Figs. 3.4-3.5
Dendrophrya excelsa Grzybowski, 1898, p. 272, pl. 10,
figs. 2-4 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Rhabdammina excelsa (Grzybowski) - Charnock &
Jones, 1990, pp. 151-153, pl. 1, figs. 26-27, pl. 13, fig.
24.
Nothia excelsa (Grzybowski) - Geroch & Kaminski,
1992, p. 255, pl. 1, figs. 1-4, pl. 2, figs. 1-11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian..
Nothia sp.
Figs. 3.2a-b, 3.3
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Fig. 3.2 –
Chattian, Fig. 3.3 – Rupelian.
Suborder HIPPOCREPININA Saidova, 1981
Superfamily HIPPOCREPINACEA Rhumbler, 1895
Family HYPERAMMINIDAE Eimer & Fickert, 1899
Subfamily HYPERAMMININAE Eimer & Fickert,
1899
Genus Hyperammina Brady, 1878
Hyperammina elongata Brady, 1878
Fig. 3.7
Hyperammina elongata Brady, 1878, p. 433, pl. 1, figs.
16, 18-19.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Hyperammina rugosa Verdenius & van Hinte, 1983
Fig. 3.6a-b
Hyperammina rugosa Verdenius & van Hinte, 1983, p.
187, pl. 1, figs. 12-14.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Hyperammina sp.
Fig. 3.8
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Suborder AMMODISCINA Mikhalevich, 1980
Superfamily AMMODISCACEA Reuss, 1862
Family AMMODISCIDAE Reuss, 1862
Subfamily AMMODISCINAE Reuss, 1862
Genus Ammodiscus Reuss, 1862
Ammodiscus pennyi Cushman & Jarvis, 1928
Fig. 3.11
Ammodiscus pennyi Cushman & Jarvis, 1928, p. 87, pl.
12, figs. 4-5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Subfamily USBEKISTANIINAE Vyalov, 1977
Genus Glomospira Rzehak, 1885
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker, 1860)
Fig. 3.9
Trochammina squamata Jones & Parker var. charoides
Jones & Parker, 1860, p. 304 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Trochammina charoides Jones & Parker - Carpenter et
al., 1862, p. 141, pl. 2, fig. 3 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Ammodiscus charoides (Jones & Parker) - Brady, 1884,
p. 334, pl. 38, figs. 10-16.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) var. corona
Cushman & Jarvis, 1928, p. 89, pl. 12, figs. 9-11.
Glomospira saturniformis Majzon, 1943, p. 231, pl. 5,
fig. 9.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) var. extendens
Emiliani, 1954, p. 133, pl. 13, fig. 14a-c.
Glomospira favilla Emiliani, 1954, p. 133, pl. 13, fig.
15a-c.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) var. leroyi Said
& Kenawy, 1956, p. 120, pl. 1, fig. 6.
Glomospira subcharoides Khalilov, 1959, p. 25, pl. 1,
fig. 1a-c.
Glomospira subcharoides var. sphaera Khalilov, 1959, p.
27, pl. 1, fig. 1d.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) - Barker, 1960,
pl. 38, figs. 10-16.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) - Geroch, 1960,
pp. 46-47, pl. 4, figs. 1,2,5.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) var. minima
Subbotina, 1960, p. 179, pl. 1, figs. 11a-12b.
Glomospira pileolus Subbotina, 1960, p. 179, pl. 1, figs.
13a-14c.
Glomospira charoides corona Cushman and Jarvis -
Hillebrandt, 1962, p. 25, pl. 2, fig. 24a-c.
Glomospira iranensis Kavary - Kavary & Frizzel, 1963,
p. 10, pl. 1, figs. 2-7.
Glomospira subarctica Chamney, 1969, p. 16, pl. 2, figs.
7-9.
Glomospira subarctica saturna Chamney, 1969, p. 17, pl.
2, figs. 10-12.
Glomospira praecharoides Soliman, 1972, p. 36, pl. 1,
figs. 1-2, pl. 2, fig. 1.
Usbekistania charoides antarctica Saidova, 1975, p. 71,
pl. 96, fig. 3.
Usbekistania charoides profunda Saidova, 1975, p. 71,
pl. 18, fig. 5.
Glomospira fulgida Maslun, 1987, p. 69, pl. 2, fig. 3.
Glomospira charoides charoides (Jones and Parker) -
Weidich, 1990, p. 83, pl. 34, figs. 7, 11.
Usbekistania charoides (Jones & Parker) - Jones, 1994,
p. 43, pl. 38, figs. 10-16.
Repmanina charoides (Jones & Parker) - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 123, pl. 2, fig. 3.
Glomospira charoides (Jones & Parker) - Kaminski,
Gradstein and collaborators, 2005, p. 173, pl. 22, figs. 1-
16.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
29
Fig. 3 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Bathysiphon taurinensis Sacco. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same
scale, sample F8, Rupelian. 2. Nothia sp. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian. 3.
Nothia sp. Sample F19, Rupelian. 4-5. Nothia excelsa (Grzybowski). 4. sample F4, Rupelian; 5. sample F22, Rupelian. 6.
Hyperammina rugosa Verdenius & Van Hinte. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB62,
Chattian. 7. Hyperammina elongata Brady. Sample F7, Rupelian. 8. Hyperammina sp. Sample F14, Rupelian. 9. Glomospira
charoides (Jones & Parker). Sample F32, Rupelian/Chattian. 10. “Glomospira” serpens (Grzybowski). Sample F20, Rupelian. 11.
Ammodiscus pennyi Cushman & Jarvis. Sample F15, Rupelian. 12. Reophax duplex Grzybowski. Sample F22, Rupelian. 13.
Hormosina trinitatensis Cushman & Renz. Sample F31, Rupelian/Chattian. 14. Reophax globosus Sliter. Sample FB62, Chattian.
15. Reophax subfusiformis Earland. Sample FB23, Chattian. 16. Reophax excentricus Cushman. Sample F1, Rupelian. 17.
Pseudonodosinella elongata (Grzybowski). Sample F13, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
30
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
„Glomospira” serpens (Grzybowski, 1898)
Fig. 3.10
Ammodiscus serpens Grzybowski, 1898, p. 285, pl. 10,
fig. 31.
Glomospira serpens (Grzybowski) - Geroch, 1960, p. 47,
pl. 4, fig. 13.
Glomospira rostokiensis Mjatliuk, 1970, pp. 68-69, pl.
11, figs. 16a-18b.
?Glomospira tracta Saidova, 1975, p. 70, pl. 96, fig. 2.
Glomospirella serpens (Grzybowski) - Samuel, 1977, p.
30, pl. 4, fig. 2, pl. 22, fig. 4.
“Glomospira” serpens (Grzybowski) - Kaminski,
Gradstein and collaborators, 2005, p. 189, pl. 27, figs. 1a-
6b.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Order LITUOLIDA Lankester, 1885
Suborder HORMOSININA Mikhalevich, 1980
Superfamily HORMOSINELLACEA Rauser &
Reitlinger, 1986
Family HORMOSINELLIDAE Rauser & Reitlinger,
1986
Genus Subreophax Saidova, 1975
Subreophax scalaris (Grzybowski, 1896)
Fig. 4.3
Reophax guttifera Brady var. scalaria Grzybowski, 1896,
p. 277, pl. 8, fig. 26 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Reophax guttifera scalaris Grzybowski - Jurkiewicz,
1967, pp. 47-48, pl. 1, fig. 25.
Reophax scalaria Grzybowski - Samuel, 1977, pp. 35-36,
pl. 3, fig. 6a-b, pl. 19, fig. 4.
Reophax scalaris Grzybowski - Hemleben and Tröster,
1984, p. 521, pl. 2, figs. 10-11.
Subreophax scalaria (Grzybowski) - Kaminski et al.,
1988, p. 187, pl. 2, figs. 16-17.
Subreophax scalaris (Grzybowski) - Kuhnt, 1990, pl. 3,
figs. 4-5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily HORMOSINACEA Haeckel, 1894
Family REOPHACIDAE Cushman, 1927
Genus Reophax de Montfort, 1808
Reophax duplex Grzybowski, 1896
Fig. 3.12
Reophax duplex Grzybowski, 1896, p. 276, pl. 8, figs. 23-
24 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Reophax paraduplex Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 65, pl. 9, figs. 1a-
3, pl. 10, fig. 2.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reophax excentricus Cushman, 1910
Fig. 3.16
Reophax excentricus Cushman, 1910, p. 92, textfig. 134
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reophax globosus Sliter, 1968
Fig. 3.14
Reophax globosus Sliter, 1968, p. 43, pl. 1, fig. 12 (fide
Ellis & Messina).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reophax pilulifer Brady, 1884
Fig. 4.2
Reophax pilulifer Brady, 1884, p. 292, pl. 30, figs. 18-20.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reophax scorpiurus de Montfort, 1808
Fig. 4.1
Reophax scorpiurus de Montfort, 1808, p. 331, fig. p. 330
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reophax subfusiformis Earland, 1933 emend. Höglund,
1947
Fig. 3.15
Reophax subfusiformis Earland, 1933, p. 74, pl. 2, figs.
16-19 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Reophax subfusiformis Earland emend. Höglund, 1947, p.
82, pl. 9, figs. 1-4, pl. 26, figs. 1-36, pl. 27, figs. 1-19,
textfigs. 43-50.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family HORMOSINIDAE Haeckel, 1894
Subfamily HORMOSININAE Haeckel, 1894
Genus Hormosina Brady, 1879
Hormosina trinitatensis Cushman and Renz, 1946
Fig. 3.13
Hormosina globulifera Brady var. trinitatensis Cushman
and Renz, 1946, p. 14, pl. l, figs. 15-19.
Reophax trinitatensis (Cushman & Renz) - Hanzliková,
1972, p. 37, pl. 3, fig. 10.
Hormosina trinitatensis Cushman & Renz – Kaminski et
al., 1988, pl. 3, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Pseudonodosinella Saidova, 1970
Pseudonodosinella elongata (Grzybowski, 1898)
Fig. 3.17
Reophax elongata Grzybowski, 1898, p. 279, pl. 10, figs.
19-20.
?Reophax pyrifera Rhumbler, 1905, p. 103, textfig. 4.
?Hormosina mortenseni Hofker, 1972, p. 62, pl. 18, figs.
6-12.
Reophax elongatus Grzybowski - Morgiel and
Olszewska, 1981, p. 9, pl. 2, fig. 11.
Pseudonodosinella elongata (Grzybowski) - Kaminski,
Gradstein and collaborators, 2005, p. 256, pl. 48, figs. 1-
9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Suborder LITUOLINA Lankester, 1885
Superfamily LITUOLACEA de Blainville, 1827
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
31
Fig. 4 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Reophax scorpiurus Montfort. Sample F38, Chattian. 2. Reophax pilulifer Brady. Sample
FB23, Chattian. 3. Subreophax scalaris (Grzybowski). Sample F25, Rupelian. 4. Ammobaculites agglutinans (d’Orbigny).
Sample FB62, Chattian. 5-9. Haplophragmoides carinatus Cushman & Renz. 5. sample F14, Rupelian; 6a-b. same specimen, a.
lateral view, b. peripherial view, same scale, sample FB61, Chattian; 7. sample F19, Rupelian; 8. sample F35, Rupelian/Chattian;
9. sample F2, Rupelian. 10-11. Haplophragmoides suborbicularis (Grzybowski). 10a-b. same specimen, a. lateral view, b.
peripherial view, same scale, sample F1, Rupelian; 11. sample F26, Rupelian. 12. Sculptobaculites barri Beckmann. Sample F24,
Rupelian. 13. Ammosphaeroidina pseudopauciloculata (Mjatliuk). Sample F28, Rupelian. 14. Recurvoides sp. Same specimen, a.
lateral view, b. lateral view, c. peripherial view, same scale, Sample FB20, Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
32
Family HAPLOPHRAGMOIDIDAE Maync, 1952
Genus Haplophragmoides Cushman, 1910
Haplophragmoides carinatus Cushman & Renz, 1941
Figs. 4.5, 4.6a-b, 4.7-4.9
Haplophragmoides carinatus Cushman & Renz, 1941, pl.
1, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Haplophragmoides suborbicularis (Grzybowski, 1896)
emend. Kaminski, Gradstein and collaborators, 2005
Figs. 4.10a-b, 4.11
Cyclammina suborbicularis Grzybowski, 1896, p. 284,
pl. 9, figs. 5-6 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Haplophragmoides suborbicularis (Grzybowski) -
Geroch, 1960, pl. 5, fig. 1a-b.
Haplophragmoides suborbicularis suborbicularis
(Grzybowski) - Jurkiewicz, 1967, p. 77, pl. 4, figs. 12-13.
Cribrostomoides? ex. gr. suborbicularis (Grzybowski) -
Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 76, pl. 18, fig. 3.
Haplophragmoides (Cribrostomoides) suborbicularis
(Grzybowski) - Liszka & Liszkowa, 1981, p. 176, pl. 3,
figs. 2-3.
Haplophragmoides suborbicularis (Grzybowski) emend.
Kaminski, Gradstein & collaborators, 2005 - Kaminski,
Gradstein and collaborators, 2005, p. 358, pl. 81, figs. 1-
4.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family LITUOLIDAE de Blainville, 1827
Subfamily AMMOMARGINULINAE Podobina, 1978
Genus Ammobaculites Cushman, 1910
Ammobaculites agglutinans (d’Orbigny, 1846) emend.
Bartenstein, 1952
Fig. 4.4
Spirolina agglutinans d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 137, pl. 7, figs.
10-12.
Haplophragmium agglutinans (d’Orbigny) - Brady, 1884,
pl. 32, figs. 19-20, 24-26.
Ammobaculites agglutinans (d’Orbigny) - Bartenstein,
1952, p. 318, pl. 1, fig. 1, pl. 2, figs. 10-16.
Ammobaculites agglutinans (d’Orbigny) emend.
Bartenstein, 1952 - Kaminski, Gradstein and
collaborators, 2005, p. 324, pl. 70, figs. 1-8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Genus Sculptobaculites Loeblich & Tappan, 1984
Sculptobaculites barri Beckmann, 1991
Fig. 4.12
Sculptobaculites barri Beckmann, 1991, p. 823, pl. 1,
figs. 6-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily RECURVOIDACEA Alekseychik-
Mitskevich, 1973
Family AMMOSPHAEROIDINIDAE Cushman, 1927
Subfamily AMMOSPHAEROIDININAE Cushman,
1927
Genus Ammosphaeroidina Cushman, 1910
Ammosphaeroidina pseudopauciloculata (Mjatliuk,
1966)
Fig. 4.13
Trochammina pauciloculata Brady - Grzybowski, 1896,
p. 283, pl. 8, figs. 51-52.
Cystamminella pseudopauciloculata Mjatliuk, 1966, p.
264, pl. 1, figs. 5-7, pl. 2, fig. 6, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Cystamminella ancestralis Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 103, pl. 30,
figs. 8-9.
Cystamminella elongata Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 104, pl. 31,
figs. 1, 3-5.
Cystamminella grzybowskii Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 105, pl.
10, figs. 19-21.
Cystamminella bytkovensis Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 106, pl. 28,
fig. 11, pl. 31, fig. 2.
Ammosphaeroidina pseudopauciloculata (Mjatliuk) -
Kaminski et al., 1988, p. 193, pl. 8, figs. 3-5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Subfamily RECURVOIDINAE Alekseychik-
Mitskevich, 1973
Genus Recurvoides Earland, 1934
Recurvoides sp.
Fig. 4.14a-c
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Suborder SPIROPLECTAMMININA Mikhalevich,
1992
Superfamily SPIROPLECTAMMINACEA Cushman,
1927
Family SPIROPLECTAMMINIDAE Cushman, 1927
Subfamily VULVULININAE Saidova, 1981
Genus Vulvulina d'Orbigny, 1826
Vulvulina haeringensis (Gümbel, 1868)
Fig. 5.4
Venilina haeringensis Gümbel, 1868, p. 649, pl. 2, fig.
84.
Schizophora haeringensis (Gümbel) - Hantken, 1875, p.
68, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Vulvulina haeringensis (Gümbel) - Hagn, 1956, p. 115,
pl. 9, figs. 7-8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Vulvulina spinosa Cushman, 1927a
Figs. 5.3a-b, 5.6
Vulvulina spinosa Cushman, 1927a, pl. 23, fig. 1.
?Vulvulina jarvisi Cushman, 1932, p. 84, pl. 10, fig. 20.
Spiroplectammina spinosa (Cushman) - Parisi &
Coccioni, 1988, p. 105, pl. 1, fig. 7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Suborder VERNUILININA Mikhalevich & Kaminski,
2004
Superfamily VERNEUILINACEA Cushman, 1911
Family PROLIXOPLECTIDAE Loeblich & Tappan,
1985
Genus Karrerulina Finlay, 1940
Karrerulina conversa (Grzybowski, 1901)
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
33
Fig. 5 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Spirorutilus carinatus (d’Orbigny). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral
view, same scale, sample F4, Rupelian. 2. Semivulvulina pectinata (Reuss). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral
view, same scale, sample F15, Rupelian. 3,6. Vulvulina spinosa Cushman. 3a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F2, Rupelian; 6. sample F7, Rupelian. 4. Vulvulina haeringensis (Gümbel). Sample F7,
Rupelian. 5. Semivulvulina sagittula (Defrance). Sample F3, Rupelian. 7-8. Karrerulina conversa (Grzybowski). 7.
sample F7, Rupelian; 8. sample F25, Rupelian. 9. Popovia plana (Bykova). Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial
view, c. lateral view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
34
Figs. 5.7-5.8
Gaudryina conversa Grzybowski, 1901, p. 254, pl. 8,
figs. 15-16 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Gaudryina apicularis Cushman, 1911, p. 69, fig. 110.
Karreriella (Karrerulina) apicularis (Cushman) - Finlay,
1940, p. 450.
Karreriella (Karrerulina) aegra Finlay, 1940, p. 451, pl.
62, figs. 21-22.
Karreriella (Karrerulina) bortonica Finlay, 1940, ibid. p.
451, pl. 62, figs. 18-20.
Plectina apicularis (Cushman) - Phleger et al., 1953, p.
27, pl. 5, fig. 10.
Plectina conversa (Grzybowski) - Geroch, 1960, p. 59,
pl. 6, fig. 7.
Karreriella indigena Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 116, pl. 34, figs.
10-14.
Karreriella pokornyi Mjatliuk, 1970, p. 117-118, pl. 34,
figs. 15-17.
Karreriella conversa (Grzybowski) - Webb, 1975, p. 835,
pl. 3, fig. 12.
Karreriella apicularis (Cushman) - Pflum & Frerichs,
1976, pl. 1, fig. 2.
Karrerulina conversa (Grzybowski) - King, 1989, p. 456,
pl. 9.1, figs. 23-24.
Gerochammina conversa (Grzybowski) - Kaminski &
Geroch, 1993, p. 279, pl. 13, figs. 5-11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Order LOFTUSIIDA Kaminski & Mikhalevich, 2004
Suborder LOFTUSIINA Kaminski & Mikhalevich,
2004
Superfamily LOFTUSIACEA Brady, 1884
Family CYCLAMMINIDAE Marie, 1955
Subfamily ALVEOLOPHRAGMIINAE Saidova, 1981
Genus Popovia Suleymanov, 1965
Popovia plana (Bykova, 1939)
Fig. 5.9a-c
Alveolophragmium planum Bykova, 1939, p. 20, pl. 1,
fig. 10, textfig. 1. (fide Ellis & Messina).
Popovia plana (Bykova) - Suleymanov, 1965, p. 48.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Reticulophragmium Maync, 1955
Reticulophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken, 1868)
Fig. 6.3
Haplophragmium acutidorsatum Hantken, 1868, p. 82,
pl. 1, fig. 1 (fide Ellis & Messina).
? Cyclammina appeninica Emiliani, 1954, p. 117, pl. 21,
figs. 18-19.
Cyclammina acutidorsata (Hantken) - Lühr, 1962, pl. 1,
fig. 2.
Alveolophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken) - Popescu,
1972, p. 302, pl. 1, figs. 1-2, pl. 2, fig. 16, pl. 5, fig. 31,
pl. 6, fig. 43, pl. 7, figs. 45, 48.
Haplophragmium acutidorsatum Hantken - Gellai-Nagy,
1988, pl. 1, figs. 1-3.
Reticulophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken) - King,
1989, p. 458, pl. 9.2, fig. 15.
Cyclammina (Cyclammina) acutidorsata (Hantken) -
Charnock & Jones, 1990, p. 175, pl. 7, figs. 3-4, pl. 18,
fig. 2.
Reticulophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken) -
Kaminski, Gradstein and collaborators, 2005, p. 490, pl.
122, figs. 1-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski, 1898)
Fig. 6.1
Cyclammina amplectens Grzybowski, 1898, p. 292, pl.
12, figs. 1-3.
Cyclammina samanica Berry, 1928, p. 393, textfig. 5a-b.
Cyclammina grangei Finlay, 1940, p. 448, pl. 62, figs. 3–
4.
Cyclammina subcarpatica Majzon, 1943, p. 156, pl. 2,
fig. 8a–b.
Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski) - King,
1989, p. 458, pl. 9.2, figs. 16-18.
Cyclammina (Reticulophragmium) amplectens
(Grzybowski) - Charnock & Jones, 1990, p. 176, pl. 8,
figs. 1-5, pl. 18, fig. 3.
Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski) - Kaminski
& Geroch, 1993, pp. 266-267, pl. 11, figs. 5-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Reticulophragmium rotundidorsatum (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 6.2
Haplophragmium rotundidorsatum Hantken, 1875, p. 12,
pl. 1, fig. 2 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Cyclammina rotundidorsata (Hantken) - Cicha &
Zapletalová, 1963, p. 103, abh. 14.
Haplophragmoides rotundidorsatum (Hantken) - Braga et
al., 1975, p. 102.
Alveolophragmium rotundidorsatum (Hantken) -
Popescu, 1972, p. 304, pl. 1, figs. 3-4, pl. 2, fig. 15, pl. 4,
fig. 20, pl. 5, fig. 37, pl. 7, figs. 47,49.
Cyclammina (Reticulophragmium) rotundidorsatum
(Hantken) - Charnock & Jones, 1990, pl. 7, figs. 13-15,
pl. 19, fig. 1.
Reticulophragmium rotundidorsatus (Hantken) -
Schröder-Adams & McNiel, 1994, pl. 8, figs. 5-7.
Reticulophragmium rotundidorsatum (Hantken) - Cicha
et al., 1998, pl. 5, fig. 5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Order TEXTULARIIDA Delage & Hérouard, 1896
Suborder TEXTULARIINA Delage & Hérouard, 1896
Superfamily EGGERELLACEA Cushman, 1937
Family EGGERELLIDAE Cushman, 1937
Subfamily EGGERELLINAE Cushman, 1937
Genus Karreriella Cushman, 1933
Karreriella chilostoma (Reuss, 1852)
Fig. 6.4
Textularia chilostoma Reuss, 1852, p. 18, textfigs. a-b.
Gaudryina chilostoma (Reuss) - Reuss, 1865, p. 120, pl.
1, fig. 5.
Gaudryina pupoides var. chilostoma Reuss - Brady,
1884, p. 379, pl. 46, figs. 5-6.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
35
Fig. 6 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski). Sample F7, Rupelian. 2.
Reticulophragmium rotundidorsatum (Hantken). Sample F28, Rupelian. 3. Reticulophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken).
Sample F2, Rupelian. 4. Karreriella chilostoma (Reuss). Sample F18, Rupelian. 5. Valvulina sp. Same specimen, a.
umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample F2, Rupelian. 6. Karreriella hantkeniana Cushman. Sample F4,
Rupelian. 7. Karreriella gaudryinoides (Fornasini). Sample F15, Rupelian. 8-10. Valvulina flexilis Cushman & Renz. 8.
sample F8, Rupelian; 9-10. sample F31, Rupelian/Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
36
Gaudryina pupoides Brady - Parker & Jones, 1887, p.
279, pl. 42, figs. 7-9.
Karreriella chilostoma (Reuss) - Cushman, 1937, p. 126,
pl. 15, figs. 1-8.
Karreriella siphonella (Reuss) var. chilostoma (Reuss) -
Batjes, 1958, p. 100, pl. 1,
fig. 8.
Siphotextularia chilostoma (Reuss) - Schudack &
Nuglisch, 2004, p. 78, pl. 8, figs. 156-157.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Karreriella gaudryinoides (Fornasini, 1885)
Fig. 6.7
Clavulina gaudryinoides Fornasini, 1885, p. 8, pl. 6, figs.
3-9.
Gaudryina gaudryinoides (Fornasini) - Cole, 1927, p. 13.
Karreriella gaudryinoides (Fornasini) - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 108, pl. 8, figs. 10-12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Karreriella hantkeniana Cushman, 1936
Fig. 6.6
Karreriella hantkeniana Cushman, 1936, p. 36, pl. 5, fig.
19.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family VALVULINIDAE Berthelin, 1880
Subfamily VALVULININAE Berthelin, 1880
Genus Valvulina d'Orbigny, 1826
Valvulina flexilis Cushman & Renz, 1941
Figs. 6.8-6.10
Valvulina flexilis Cushman & Renz, 1941, p. 7, pl. 1, figs.
16-17.
Dorothia flexilis (Cushman & Renz) - Popescu, 1975, p.
40, pl. 6, figs. 2-4, pl. 7, figs. 3-5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Valvulina sp.
Fig. 6.5a-b
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily TEXTULARIACEA Ehrenberg, 1838
Family KAMINSKIIDAE Neagu, 1999
Genus Spirorutilus Hottinger, Halicz & Reiss, 1990
Spirorutilus carinatus (d'Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 5.1a-b
Textularia carinata d'Orbigny, 1846, p. 247, pl. 14, figs.
32-34.
Textularia lacera Reuss, 1851, p. 84, pl. 6, figs. 52-53.
Textularia attenuata Reuss, 1851, p. 84, pl. 6, fig. 54.
Textilaria carinata d’Orbigny - Reuss, 1865, p. 474.
Textularia pseudocarinata Cushman, 1921, p. 121, pl. 22,
figs. 5, 15-16.
Spiroplectammina carinata (d'Orbigny) - Weber, 1939, p.
17-20.
Spiroplectammina carinata (d'Orbigny) - Dam &
Reinhold, 1942, p. 42, pl. 6, fig. 2.
Bolivinopsis carinata (d’Orbigny) - Pokorny, 1958, p.
193, fig. 111.
Spirorutilis carinatus (d'Orbigny) - Hofker, 1976, p. 69.
Spirorutilis carinatus (d’Orbigny) - Banner & Pereira,
1981, p. 102.
Spiroplectinella carinata (d’Orbigny) - Papp & Schmid,
1985, p. 86, pl. 80, figs. 1-4.
Spirorutilus carinatus (d’Orbigny) - Hottinger et al.,
1990, p. 67, pl. 1, figs. 6-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family TEXTULARIIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838
Subfamily TEXTULARIINAE Ehrenberg, 1838
Genus Semivulvulina Finlay, 1939
Semivulvulina pectinata (Reuss, 1850)
Fig. 5.2a-b
Textularia pectinata Reuss, 1850, p. 381, pl. 49, figs. 2-3.
Semivulvulina pectinata pectinata (Reuss) - Cicha &
Zapletalová, 1965, p. 130, abb. 22.
Semivulvulina pectinata (Reuss) - Rögl & Cicha, 1973, p.
301, pl. 1, fig. 2, pl. 4, figs. 20-21.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Semivulvulina sagittula (Defrance, 1824)
Fig. 5.5
Textularia sagittula Defrance, 1824, p. 117, pl. 13, fig. 5
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Textulaire sagittule Defrance - Blainville, 1825, p. 370,
pl. 5, fig. 5.
Textularia sagitata Defrance - Jones et al. 1866, pl. 3,
figs. 7-9.
Textilaria sagittula Defrance - Jones & Parker, 1871, pp.
511, 564.
Spiroplectammina sagittula (Defrance) - Hofker, 1960, p.
237, pl. A, fig. 17.
Semivulvulina sagittula (Defrance) - Popescu, 1975, p.
39, pl. 4, fig. 5.
Spiroplectinella sagittula (Defrance) - Schiebel, p. 26, pl.
6, fig. 14.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Order MILIOLIDA Lankester 1885
Superfamily MILIOLACEA Ehrenberg, 1839
Family SPIROLOCULINIDAE Wiesner, 1920
Genus Spiroloculina d’Orbigny, 1826
Spiroloculina canaliculata d’Orbigny, 1846
Fig. 7.2
Spiroloculina canaliculata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 269, pl.
16, figs. 10-12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Spiroloculina sp.
Fig. 7.1
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Family HAUERINIDAE Schwager, 1876
Subfamily HAUERININAE Schwager, 1876
Genus Cycloforina Łuczkowska, 1972
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
37
Fig. 7 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Spiroloculina sp. Sample F9, Rupelian. 2. Spiroloculina canaliculata d’Orbigny.
Sample F5, Rupelian. 3,5. Cycloforina ludwigi (Reuss). 3. sample F14, Rupelian; 5a-c. same specimen, a. lateral view,
b. apertural view, c. lateral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 4. Quinqueloculina sp. Sample F17, Rupelian. 6.
Sigmoilinita tenuis (Czjzek). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 7.
Sigmoilinita tenuissima (Reuss). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 8-
9. Laevidentalina elegans (d’Orbigny). 8. sample F7, Rupelian; 9. sample F15, Rupelian. 10. Laevidentalina communis
(d’Orbigny). Sample F18, Rupelian. 11. Nodosaria soluta (Reuss). Sample F3, Rupelian. 12. Neugeborina longiscata
(d’Orbigny). Sample F12, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
38
Cycloforina ludwigi (Reuss, 1866)
Figs. 7.3, 7.5a-c
Quinqueloculina ludwigi Reuss, 1866, p. 126, pl. 1, fig.
12.
Cycloforina ludwigi (Reuss) - Łuczkowska, 1972, p. 365.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Quinqueloculina d’Orbigny, 1826
Quinqueloculina sp.
Fig. 7.4
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Subfamily SIGMOILINITINAE Luczkowska, 1974
Genus Sigmoilinita Seiglie, 1965
Sigmoilinita tenuis (Czjzek, 1848)
Fig. 7.6a-b
Quinqueloculina tenuis Czjzek, 1848, p. 149, pl. 13, figs.
31-34.
Spiroloculina berchtoldsdorfensis Karrer, 1877, p. 375,
pl. 16a, fig. 10.
Spiroloculina tenuis (Czjzek) - Brady, 1884, p. 152, pl.
10, figs. 7-8, 11.
Sigmoilina tenuis (Czjzek) - Marks, 1951, p. 39, pl. 5, fig.
7.
“Sigmoilina” tenuis (Czjzek) - Barker, 1960, pl. 10, figs.
7-8, 11.
Sigmoilinita tenuis (Czjzek) - Seiglie, 1965, p. 72.
Spirosigmoilina tenuis (Czjzek) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl. 7,
fig. 13.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Sigmoilinita tenuissima (Reuss, 1867)
Fig. 7.7a-b
Spiroloculina tenuissima Reuss, 1867, p. 55, pl. 1, fig.
11.
Sigmoilina tenuissima (Reuss) - Serova, 1955, p. 326, pl.
12, figs. 5-6.
Sigmoilinita tenuissima (Reuss) - Łuczkowska, 1974, p.
149, pl. 16, figs. 4-6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Order LAGENIDA Lankester, 1885
Suborder LAGENINA Delage & Hérouard, 1896
Superfamily NODOSARIACEA Ehrenberg, 1838
Family NODOSARIIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838
Subfamily NODOSARIINAE Ehrenberg, 1838
Genus Dentalina Risso, 1826
Dentalina contorta (Hantken, 1868)
Fig. 8.2
Nodosaria (Dentalina) contorta Hantken, 1868, p. 159,
pl. 16, fig. 2.
Dentalina contorta (Hantken) - Hantken, 1875, p. 36, pl.
4, fig. 5.
Dentalina contorta (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998, p. 93,
pl. 21, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Laevidentalina Loeblich & Tappan, 1986
Laevidentalina communis (d’Orbigny, 1826)
Fig. 7.10
Dentalina communis d’Orbigny, 1826, p. 254, no. 35.
Nodosarina communis (d’Orbigny) - Goës, 1894, pl. 2,
fig. 36.
Nodosaria communis (d’Orbigny) - Cushman, 1923, p.
75, pl. 12, figs. 3-4, 15-17.
Enantiodentalina communis (d’Orbigny) - Giannini &
Tavani, 1960, p. 46, pl. 6, fig. 15.
Dentalia communis (d’Orbigny) - Le Roy, 1964, p. 23, pl.
15, fig. 28.
Laevidentalina communis (d’Orbigny) - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 109, pl. 21, fig. 3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Laevidentalina elegans (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Figs. 7.8-7.9
Dentalina elegans d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 45, pl. 1, figs. 52-
56.
Siphonodosaria elegans (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth, 1952,
p. 12.
Stilostomella elegans (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth, 1952, p.
136.
Stilostomella elegans (d’Orbigny) - Popescu, 1975, p. 66,
pl. 17, fig. 8.
Dentalina elegans d’Orbigny - Papp & Schmid, 1985, p.
28, pl. 10, figs. 1-5.
Laevidentalina elegans (d’Orbigny) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 109, pl. 21, figs. 6-7
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Neugeborina Popescu, 1998
Neugeborina longiscata (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 7.12
Nodosaria longiscata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 32, pl. 1, fig.
10-12.
Nodosaria irregularis d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 32, pl. 1, figs.
13-14.
Nodosaria orbignyana Neugeboren, 1852, p. 40, pl. 1,
fig. 15.
Nodosaria buchiana Neugeboren, 1852, p. 41, pl. 1, fig.
16.
Nodosaria ackneriana Neugeboren, 1852, p. 41, pl. 1,
figs. 17-18.
Nodosaria roemeriana Neugeboren, 1852, p. 42, pl. 1,
fig. 19.
Nodosaria nodifera Neugeboren, 1852, p. 42, pl. 1, figs.
20-21.
Nodosaria capillaris Neugeboren, 1852, p. 50, pl. 1, figs.
22-24.
Nodosaria exilis Neugeboren, 1852, p. 51, pl. 1, figs. 25-
26.
Nodosaria c1avaeformis Neugeboren, 1852, p. 53, pl. 1,
fig. 38.
Nodosaria culmen Costa, 1856, p. 158, pl. 13, fig. 15.
Nodosaria arundinea Schwager, 1866, p. 211, pl. 5, figs.
43-45.
Nodosaria (Dentalina) longiscata (d’Orbigny) -
Schuhert, 1899, p. 219.
Lagenodosaria longiscata (d’Orbigny) - Colom, 1956, pl.
8, figs. 1-4.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
39
Fig. 8 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Pyramidulina latejugata (Gümbel). Sample FB20, Chattian. 2. Dentalina contorta
(Hantken). Sample F12, Rupelian. 3. Amphimorphina haueriana Neugeboren. Sample F4, Rupelian. 4. Dimorphina sp. Sample
F12, Rupelian. 5. Lenticulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll). Sample F15, Rupelian. 6. Neolenticulina peregrina (Schwager). Sample
FB21, Chattian.7. Lenticulina limbosa (Reuss). Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial view, c. lateral view, same scale,
sample FB21, Chattian. 8. Lenticulina gibba (d’Orbigny). Sample F11, Rupelian. 9. Lenticulina arcuatostriata (Hantken). Same
specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian. 10. Lenticulina inornata (d’Orbigny). Same
specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian. 11. Lenticulina calcar (Linné). Sample F15,
Rupelian. 12. Saracenaria senni Hedberg. Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. apertural view, same scale, sample F3, Rupelian.
13. Saracenaria propinqua (Hantken). Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. apertural view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
40
Stilostomella longiscata (d’Orbigny) - Hausmann, 1964,
p. 380, pl. 3, fig. 11.
Chrysalogonum longiscatum (d’Orbigny) - Sztrákos,
1979, pl. 9, fig. 16.
Siphonodosaria longiscata (d’Orbigny) - Perembo, 1995,
pl. 9, fig. 20.
Neugeborina longiscata (d’Orbigny) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 113, pl. 21, fig. 12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Nodosaria Lamarck, 1812
Nodosaria soluta (Reuss, 1851)
Fig. 7.11
Dentalina soluta Reuss, 1851, p. 60, pl. 3, fig. 4a-b.
Nodosaria (Dentalina) soluta (Reuss) - Andreae, 1884, p.
201, pl. 10, fig. 8.
Nodosaria soluta (Reuss) - Batjes, 1958, p. 114, pl. 3,
figs. 17-18.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Pyramidulina Fornasini, 1894
Pyramidulina latejugata (Gümbel, 1868)
Fig. 8.1
Nodosaria latejugata Gümbel, 1868, p. 619, pl. 1, fig. 32.
Pyramidulina latejugata (Gümbel) - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
121, pl. 21, fig. 13.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Subfamily PLECTOFRONDICULARIINAE Cushman, 1927
Genus Amphimorphina Neugeboren, 1850
Amphimorphina haueriana Neugeboren, 1850
Fig. 8.3
Amphimorphina haueriana Neugeboren, 1850, p. 127, pl.
4, figs. 13-14.
Nodosaria compressiuscula Neugeboren, 1852, p. 59, pl.
1, figs. 54-56.
Plectofrondicularia trinitatensis Cushman & Jarvis,
1929, p. 11, pl. 2, fig. 16.
Amphimorphina miocenica Cushman, 1948, p. 220, pl.
15, figs. 16-18.
Amphimorphinella butonensis Keyzer var. compressa
Keyzer, 1953, p. 276, pl. 3, figs. 7, 9-16.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family VAGINULINIDAE Reuss, 1860
Subfamily LENTICULININAE Chapman, Parr &
Collins, 1934
Genus Dimorphina d'Orbigny, 1826
Dimorphina sp.
Fig. 8.4
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Lenticulina Lamarck, 1804
Lenticulina arcuatostriata (Hantken, 1868)
Fig. 8.9a-b
Cristellaria (Robulina) arcuato striata Hantken, 1868, p.
93, pl. 2, fig. 20 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Robulina arcuato-striata (Hantken) - Hantken, 1875, p.
56, pl. 7, fig. 2.
Robulus arcuatostriatus (Hantken) - Cuvillier & Szakall,
1949, p. 51, pl. 23, fig. 9.
Robulus arcuato-striatus (Hantken) - Ruiz de Caona &
Colom, 1950, p. 402, textfig. 6, nr. 1-9.
Lenticulina arcuatostriata (Hantken) - Braga et al., 1975,
p. 104.
Lenticulina arcuato-striata (Hantken) - Grünig, 1985, p.
261, pl. 4, fig. 19.
Robulina arcuatostriata (Hantken) - Gellai-Nagy, 1988,
pl. 8, figs. 1-3.
Lenticulina arcuatostriata (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 109, pl. 24, figs. 1-2.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Lenticulina calcar (Linné, 1758)
Fig. 8.11
Nautilus calcar Linné, 1758, p. 709 (fide Ellis &
Messina).
Nautilus calcar Linné, 1758 var. α Fichtel & Moll, 1798,
p. 71, pl. 11, figs. a-c.
Robulina calcar (Linné) - d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 99, pl. 4,
fig. 20.
Cristellaria calcar (Linné) - Parker & Jones, 1860, tab. p.
100, p. 111.
Nodosarina calcar (Linné) - Goës, 1882, pl.3, figs. 54-
56.
Robulus calcar (Linné) - Dieci, 1959, p. 28, pl. 2, figs. 8-
10.
Lenticulina calcar (Linné) - Rögl, 1968, p. 75, pl. 5, fig.
1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Lenticulina gibba (d’Orbigny, 1839)
Fig. 8.8
Cristellaria gibba d’Orbigny, 1839, p. 40, pl. 7, figs. 20-
21 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Robulus gibbus (d’Orbigny) - Bermúdez, 1949, p. 126,
pl. 7, figs. 53-54.
Lenticulina gibba (d’Orbigny) - Dieci, 1959, p. 36, pl. 3,
figs. 7-8.
Lenticulina (Lenticulina) gibba (d’Orbigny) - Kiesel,
1962, p. 28, pl. 4, fig. 6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Lenticulina inornata (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 8.10a-b
Robulina inornata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 102, pl. 4, figs.
27-28.
Cristellaria crassa d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 90, pl. 4, figs. 1-
3.
Robulina simplex d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 103, pl. 4, figs. 27-
28.
Robulina austriaca d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 103, pl. 5, figs. 1-
2.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
41
Fig. 9 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Saracenaria arcuata (d’Orbigny). Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. apertural
view, same scale, sample F3, Rupelian. 2-3. Frondovaginulina tenuissima (Hantken). 2. sample F17, Rupelian; 3. sample
F28, Rupelian. 4. Percultazonaria fragaria (Gümbel). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale,
sample FB20, Chattian. 5-6. Amphicoryna spinicosta (d’Orbigny). 5. sample F13, Rupelian; 6. same specimen, a.
apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 7. Amphicoryna armata (Neugeboren). Sample F21,
Rupelian. 8. Amphicoryna crassa (Hantken). Sample F10, Rupelian. 9. Marginulina behmi (Reuss). Same specimen, a.
apertural view, b. lateral view, c. peripherial view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 10. Hemirobulina recta
(Hantken). Sample F12, Rupelian. 11. Hemirobulina hantkeni (Bandy). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample FB21, Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
42
Robulina intermedia d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 104, pl. 5, figs.
3-4.
Cristellaria inornata (d’Orbigny) - Reuss, 1865, p. 144.
Robulus inornatus (d’Orbigny) - Agip, 1957, pl. 10, fig.
4.
Lenticulina inornata (d’Orbigny) - Rögl, 1968, p. 75, pl.
2, fig. 7a-b.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Lenticulina limbosa (Reuss, 1863)
Fig. 8.7a-c
Cristellaria (Robulina) limbosa Reuss, 1863, p. 55, pl. 6,
fig. 69 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Cristellaria limbosa (Reuss) - Nuttall, 1932, p. 11.
Rubulus limbosus (Reuss) - Ruiz de Gaona & Colom,
1950, p. 405, fig. 5/1-14.
Robulus limbosus (Reuss) - Hagn, p. 127, pl. 11, fig. 2.
Lenticulina limbosa (Reuss) - Mathelin & Sztrákos, 1993,
p. 75, pl. 8, fig. 6
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Lenticulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll, 1798)
Fig. 8.5
Nautilus vortex Fichtel & Moll, 1798, p. 33, pl. 2, fig. d-i.
Nautilus calcar Linné, 1758 var. η Fichtel & Moll, 1798,
p. 76, pl. 12, fig. g-h.
Polystomella vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Di Blainville,
1824, p. 183.
Robulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - d’Orbigny, 1826, p.
288, no. 4.
Robulina imperatoria d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 104, pl. 5, figs.
5-6.
Cristellaria vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Parker & Jones,
1860, p. 113.
Cristellaria vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Brady, 1884, p.
1548, pl. 69, figs. 14-16.
Robulus vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Cushman, 1946, p. 6,
pl. 1, figs. 3-4.
Lenticulina (Lenticulina) vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Butt,
1966, p. 41, pl. 2, fig. 1.
Lenticulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Rögl, 1968, p. 75.
Lenticulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Popescu, 1975, p.
55, pl. 30, fig. 30, pl. 31, fig. 1.
Lenticulina vortex (Fichtel & Moll) - Rögl & Hansen,
1984, p. 30, pl. 2, figs. 3-4, textfig. 8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Neolenticulina McCulloch, 1977
Neolenticulina peregrina (Schwager, 1866)
Fig. 8.6
Cristellaria peregrina Schwager, 1866, p. 245, pl. 7, fig.
89.
Lenticulina peregrina (Schwager) – AGIP Mineraria,
1957, pl. 11, fig. 2.
Neolenticulina peregrina (Schwager) - Loeblich &
Tappan, 1987, p. 406, pl. 447, figs. 9-12, 16.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Percultazonaria Loeblich & Tappan, 1986
Percultazonaria fragaria (Gümbel, 1868)
Fig. 9.4a-b
Marginulina fragaria Gümbel, 1868, p. 635, pl. 1, fig.
58a-c.
Cristellaria fragaria (Gümbel) - Hantken, 1875, pl. 6,
figs. 1-3.
Lenticulina fragaria (Gümbel) - Subbotina, 1947, p. 85,
pl. 8, figs. 6-7.
Marginulinopsis fragaria (Gümbel) - Hagn, 1956, p. 134,
pl. 12, figs. 3, 8, 10.
Percultazonaria fragaria (Gümbel) - Mathelin &
Sztrákos, 1993, p. 76, pl. 9, figs. 1-2.
Vaginulinopsis fragaria (Gümbel) - Ozsvárt, 2007, p. 56,
pl. 6, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Genus Saracenaria Defrance, 1824
Saracenaria arcuata (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 9.1a-b
Cristellaria arcuata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 87, pl. 3, figs.
34-36.
Lenticulina (Sarazenaria) arcuata (d’Orbigny) -
Hausmann, 1964, p. 352, pl. 5, fig. 2.
Saracenaria arcuata (d’Orbigny) - Rögl & Cicha, 1973,
pl. 5, fig. 28.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Saracenaria propinqua (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 8.13a-b
Cristellaria propinqua Hantken, 1875, p. 52, pl. 5, fig. 4.
Robulus propinquus (Hantken) - Cushman, 1935, p. 16,
pl. 5, fig. 1.
Saracenaria propinqua (Hantken) - Majzon, 1962, pl.
33(5), fig. 4.
Marginulinopsis propinqua (Hantken) - Hagn et al.,
1981, p. 96.
Saracenaria propinqua (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
125, pl. 24, fig. 9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Saracenaria senni Hedberg, 1937
Fig. 8.12a-b
Saracenaria senni Hedberg, 1937, p. 674, pl. 90, fig. 18a-
b.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Subfamily PALMULINAE Saidova, 1981
Genus Frondovaginulina Schubert, 1912
Frondovaginulina tenuissima (Hantken, 1875)
Figs. 9.2-9.3
Frondicularia tenuissima Hantken, 1875, p. 43, pl. 13,
fig. 11a-b.
Flabelinella tenuissima (Hantken) - Hagn, 1952, p. 156,
pl. 4, fig. 20.
Flabellina tenuissima (Hantken) - Hagn, 1956, p. 139.
Citharinella tenuissima (Hantken) - Popescu, 1975, p. 49,
pl. 36, fig. 1, pl. 37, figs. 3-4.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
43
Fig. 10 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Vaginulinopsis cumulicostatus (Gümbel). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F10, Rupelian. 2. Vaginulinopsis mexicana (Nuttall). Same specimen, a. apertural view,
b. lateral view, same scale, sample F10, Rupelian. 3. Lagena tenuis (Bornemann). Sample FB17, Chattian. 4.
Pseudofissurina kapellensis (Spiegler). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB17,
Chattian. 5. Favulina hexagona (Williamson). Sample F26, Rupelian. 6. Glandulina ovula d’Orbigny. Sample FB20,
Chattian. 7. Bolivina beyrichi carinata Hantken. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample
F21, Rupelian. 8. Bolivina beyrichi beyrichi Reuss. Sample F9, Rupelian. 9. Bolivina plicatella Cushman. Sample FB17,
Chattian. 10-11. Bolivina crenulata Cushman. 10. sample F33, Rupelian/Chattian; 11a-b. same specimen, a. apertural
view, b. lateral view, same scale, FB01, Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
44
Plectofrondicularia tenuissima (Hantken) - Foraminiferi
padani, AGIP, 1982, pl. 24, fig. 8.
Frondovaginulina tenuissima (Hantken) - Mathelin &
Sztrákos, 1993, p. 76, pl. 9, fig. 8.
Palmula tenuissima (Hantken) - Cimerman et al., 2006, p.
24, pl. 5, figs. 8-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Subfamily MARGINULININAE Wedekind, 1937
Genus Amphicoryna Schlumberger, 1881
Amphicoryna armata (Neugeboren, 1852)
Fig. 9.7
Nodosaria armata Neugeboren, 1852, p. 56, pl. 1, fig. 44.
Amphicoryna armata (Neugeboren) - Popescu, 1975, p.
47, pl. 19, figs. 6-8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Amphicoryna crassa (Hantken, 1868)
Fig. 9.8
Nodosaria crassa Hantken, 1868, p. 86, pl. 1, fig. 15.
Amphicoryna crassa (Hantken) - Sztrákos, 1979, p. 63,
pl. 10, figs. 1-2.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Amphicoryna spinicosta (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Figs. 9.5, 9.6a-b
Nodosaria spinicosta d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 37, pl. 1, figs.
32-33.
Amphicoryna spinicosta (d’Orbigny) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl.
10, figs. 3-4.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Hemirobulina Stache, 1864
Hemirobulina hantkeni (Bandy, 1949)
Fig. 9.11a-b
Marginulina subbullata Hantken, 1875, p. 46, pl. 4, figs.
9-10, pl. 5, fig. 9.
Marginulina hantkeni Bandy, 1949, p. 46, pl. 6, fig. 9
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Hemirobulina hantkeni (Bandy) - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
107, pl. 25, figs. 9-10.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Hemirobulina recta (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 9.10
Marginulina recta Hantken, 1875, p. 47, pl. 4, fig. 15.
Hemirobulina recta (Hantken) - Horváth, 2003, p. 22, pl.
5, fig. 18.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Genus Marginulina d’Orbigny, 1826
Marginulina behmi (Reuss, 1866)
Fig. 9.9a-c
Cristellaria (Marginulina) behmi Reuss, 1866, p. 138, pl.
2, fig. 37.
Cristellaria behmi Reuss - Gümbel, 1868, p. 55, pl. 1, fig.
61.
Marginulina behmi (Reuss) - Hantken, 1875, p. 48, pl. 5,
figs. 1-2.
Marginulinopsis behmi (Reuss) - Cimerman et al., 2006,
p. 24, pl. 5, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Vaginulinopsis Silvestri, 1904
Vaginulinopsis cumulicostatus (Gümbel, 1868)
Fig. 10.1a-b
Cristellaria cumulicostata Gümbel, 1868, p. 638, pl. 1,
fig. 67.
Vaginulinopsis cumulicostata (Gümbel) - Hagn, 1956, p.
135, pl. 13, fig. 3.
Vaginulopsis cumulicostatus (Gümbel) - Mathelin &
Sztrákos, 1993, p. 76, pl. 10, fig. 12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Vaginulinopsis mexicana (Nuttall, 1932)
Fig. 10.2a-b
Vaginula elegans d’Orbigny var. mexicana Nuttall, 1932,
p. 16, pl. 13, figs. 12, 16.
Vaginulina mexicana Nuttall - Nuttall et al., 1941, p. 336,
pl. 9, fig. 4
Vaginulinopsis mexicana (Nuttall) - Poag, 2012, p. 109,
pl. 9, figs. 13-15.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Family LAGENIDAE Reuss, 1862
Genus Lagena Walker & Jacob, 1798
Lagena tenuis (Bornemann, 1855)
Fig. 10.3
Ovulina tenuis Bornemann, 1855, p. 317, pl. 12, fig. 3.
Lagena tenuis (Bornemann) - Reuss, 1862, p. 325, pl. 3,
figs. 30-39.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family ELLIPSOLAGENIDAE Silvestri, 1923
Subfamily OOLININAE Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
Genus Favulina Patterson & Richardson, 1987
Favulina hexagona (Williamson, 1848)
Fig. 10.5
Entosolenia squamosa (Montagu) var. hexagona
Williamson, 1848, p. 20, pl. 2, fig. 23 (fide Ellis &
Messina).
Lagena hexagona (Williamson) - Brady, 1884, p. 472, pl.
58, figs. 32-33.
Oolina hexagona (Williamson) - Barker, 1960, p. 120, pl.
58, figs. 32-33.
Favulina hexagona (Williamson) - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
96, pl. 28, fig. 11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Subfamily PARAFISSURININAE Jones, 1984
Genus Pseudofissurina Jones, 1984
Pseudofissurina kapellensis (Spiegler, 1974)
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
45
Fig. 11 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Bolivina scalprata retiformis Cushman. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F11, Rupelian. 2. Bolivina fastigia Cushman. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F11, Rupelian. 3. Bolivina dilatata maxima Cicha & Zapletalová. Same specimen, a.
apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB14, Chattian. 4. Bolivina dilatata hyalina Hofmann. Same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB01, Chattian. 5-6. Bolivina dilatata dilatata Reuss.
5. sample F27, Rupelian; 6. sample F33, Rupelian/Chattian. 7. Bolivina antiqua d’Orbigny. Sample F23, Rupelian. 8.
Bolivina tereta (Cushman). Sample F38, Chattian. 9. Bolivina semistriata semistriata Hantken. Same specimen, a.
apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F15, Rupelian. 10. Bolivina molassica Hofmann. Same specimen, a.
apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F23, Rupelian. 11. Bolivina semistriata nobilis Hantken. Same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F4, Rupelian. 12. Bolivina pokornyi serrata Cicha &
Zapletalová. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F13, Rupelian. 13. Cassidulinoides
bodeni Hagn. Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. apertural view, same scale, sample F20, Rupelian. 14.
Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady). Sample F12, Rupelian. 15. Loxostomoides zsigmondyi (Hantken). Sample F20,
Rupelian. 16. Globocassidulina globosa (Hantken). Sample F23, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
46
Fig. 10.4a-b
Fissurina kapellensis Spiegler, 1974, p. 60, pl. 1, figs. 16-
17.
Pseudofissurina kapellensis (Spiegler) - De Man, 2006, p.
275, pl. 6, fig. 15.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Family GLANDULINIDAE Reuss, 1860
Subfamily GLANDULININAE Reuss, 1860
Genus Glandulina d’Orbigny, 1839
Glandulina ovula d’Orbigny, 1846
Fig. 10.6
Glandulina ovula d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 29, pl. 1, figs. 6-7.
Glandulina ovula d’Orbigny - Papp & Schmid, 1985, p.
21, pl. 2, figs. 1-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Order BULIMINIDA Fursenko, 1958
Suborder ROTALIINA Delage & Hérouard, 1896
Superfamily BOLIVINACEA Glassner, 1937
Family BOLIVINIDAE Glassner, 1937
Genus Bolivina d’Orbigny, 1839
Bolivina antiqua d’Orbigny, 1846
Fig. 11.7
Bolivina antiqua d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 240, pl. 14, figs. 11-
13.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina beyrichi beyrichi Reuss, 1851
Fig. 10.8
Bolivina beyrichi Reuss, 1851, p. 83, pl. 6, fig. 51 (fide
Ellis & Messina).
Bolivina beyrichi beyrichi Reuss - Hofmann, 1967, p.
137, pl. 3, figs. 1-4.
Bolivina beyrichi Reuss - Popescu, 1975, p. 73, pl. 43,
figs. 1-2.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina beyrichi carinata Hantken, 1875
Fig. 10.7a-b
Bolivina beyrichi Reuss var. carinata Hantken, 1875, pl.
7, fig. 12.
Bolivina beyrichi carinata Hantken - Lindenberg, 1966,
p. 96, abb. 4/4.
Bolivina beyrichi carinata Hantken - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 83, pl. 44, fig. 3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina crenulata Cushman, 1936
Figs. 10.10, 10.11a-b
Bolivina crenulata Cushman, 1936, p. 50, pl. 7, fig. 13a-
b.
Bolivina crenulata crenulata Cushman - Hofmann, 1967,
p. 146, pl. 1, figs. 4-6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina dilatata dilatata Reuss, 1850
Figs. 11.5-11.6
Bolivina dilatata Reuss, 1850, p. 381, pl. 48, fig. 15a-c
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Bolivina dilatata dilatata Reuss - Cicha & Zapletalová,
1963, p. 131, textfigs. 11a-f.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina dilatata hyalina Hofmann, 1967
Fig. 11.4a-b
Bolivina dilatata hyalina Hofmann, 1967, p. 156, pl. 1,
figs. 7-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina dilatata maxima Cicha & Zapletalová, 1963
Fig. 11.3a-b
Bolivina dilatata maxima Cicha & Zapletalová, 1963, p.
136, textfig. 15.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Bolivina fastigia Cushman, 1936
Fig. 11.2a-b
Bolivina fastigia Cushman, 1936, p. 51, pl. 7, fig. 17 (fide
Ellis & Messina).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina molassica Hofmann, 1967
Fig. 11.10a-b
Bolivina molassica Hofmann, 1967, p. 158, pl. 4, figs. 9-
11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina plicatella Cushman, 1930
Fig. 10.9
Bolivina plicatella Cushman, 1930, p. 46, pl. 8, fig. 10.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Bolivina pokornyi serrata Cicha & Zapletalová, 1963
Fig. 11.12a-b
Bolivina pokornyi serrata Cicha & Zapletalová, 1963, p.
144, textfig. 19.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina scalprata retiformis Cushman, 1936
Fig. 11.1a-b
Bolivina scalprata Schwager var. retiformis Cushman,
1936, p. 53, pl. 7, fig. 19.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Bolivina semistriata semistriata Hantken, 1875
Fig. 11.9a-b
Bolivina semistriata Hantken, 1875, p. 95, pl. 15, fig. 4.
Bolivina semistriata semistriata Hantken - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 85, pl. 44, fig. 6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina semistriata nobilis Hantken, 1875
Fig. 11.11a-b
Bolivina nobilis Hantken, 1875, p. 65, pl. 14, fig. 4.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
47
Fig. 12 All scales represent 100 μm. 1,8. Bulimina coprolithoides Andreae. 1a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian; 8. sample F33, Rupelian/Chattian. 2. Bulimina elongata d’Orbigny.
Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F17, Rupelian. 3-5. Caucasina oligocaenica
Khalilov. 3a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian; 4. sample F3,
Rupelian; 5. sample F12, Rupelian. 6-7. Bulimina alsatica Cushman & Parker. 6a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b.
lateral view, same scale, sample F7, Rupelian; 7. sample F5, Rupelian. 9. Bulimina schischkinskayae Samoylova. Sample
F27, Rupelian. 10. Bulimina alazanensis Cushman. Sample F18, Rupelian. 11. Bulimina striata striata d’Orbigny. Same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F7, Rupelian. 12. Bulimina arndti Hagn. Same specimen,
a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, FB19, Chattian. 13. Praeglobobulimina pupoides (d’Orbigny). Sample F25,
Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
48
Bolivina semistriata nobilis Hantken - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 85, pl. 44, fig. 7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bolivina tereta (Cushman, 1936)
Fig. 11.8
Loxostoma teretum Cushman, 1936, p. 60, pl. 8, fig. 14.
Loxostomum teretum (Cushman) - Batjes, 1958, p. 133,
pl. 5, fig. 17.
Bolivina tereta (Cushman) - Hofmann, 1967, p. 179, pl.
4, figs. 7-8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Genus Loxostomoides Reiss, 1957
Loxostomoides zsigmondyi (Hantken, 1868)
Fig. 11.15
Nodosaria (Dentalina) zsigmondyi Hantken, 1868, p. 87,
pl. 1, fig. 12.
Dentalina zsigmondyi (Hantken ) - Hantken, 1875, p. 32,
pl. 12, fig. 17.
Rectobolivina zsigmondyi (Hantken) - Popescu & Iva,
1971, p. 44, pl. 5, fig. 6, pl. 6, fig. 2.
Loxostomoides zsigmondyi (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 111, pl. 44, figs. 12-13.
Zsigmondiella zsigmondyi (Hantken) - Popescu & Crihan,
2005, p. 385, pl. 4, figs. 2-3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily CASSIDULINACEA d’Orbigny, 1839
Family CASSIDULINIDAE d'Orbigny, 1839
Subfamily CASSIDULININAE d’Orbigny, 1839
Genus Cassidulinoides Cushman, 1927
Cassidulinoides bodeni Hagn, 1952
Fig. 11.13a-b
Cassidulinoides bodeni Hagn, 1952, p. 181, pl. 2, fig. 12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Globocassidulina Voloshinova, 1960
Globocassidulina globosa (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 11.16
Cassidulina globosa Hantken, 1875, p. 54, pl. 16, fig. 2.
Globocassidulina globosa (Hantken) - Popescu & Iva,
1971, p. 12, pl. 7, figs. 2-3.
Globocassidulina globosa (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 102, pl. 45, figs. 12-14.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady, 1881)
Fig. 11.14
Cassidulina subglobosa Brady, 1881, p. 60, pl. 54, fig.
17a-c.
Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady) - Sztrákos, 1979,
pl. 27, fig. 16.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily BULIMINACEA Jones, 1875
Family BULIMINIDAE Jones, 1875
Genus Bulimina d’Orbigny, 1826
Bulimina alazanensis Cushman, 1927b
Fig. 12.10
Bulimina alazanensis Cushman, 1927b, p. 161, pl. 25,
fig. 4
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Bulimina alsatica Cushman & Parker, 1937
Figs. 12.6a-b, 12.7
Bulimina alsatica Cushman & Parker, 1937, p. 39, pl. 4,
figs. 6-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bulimina arndti Hagn, 1952
Fig. 12.12a-b
Bulimina arndti Hagn, 1952, p. 168, pl. 2, fig. 15.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bulimina coprolithoides Andreae, 1884
Figs. 12.1a-b, 12.8
Bulimina coprolithoides Andreae, 1884, p. 305, pl. 6, fig.
4.
Caucasina coprolithoides (Andreae) - Le Calvez, 1966,
p. 408, pl. 1, figs. 7-8.
Bulimina coprolithoides Andreae - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
86, pl. 47, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bulimina elongata d’Orbigny, 1846
Fig. 12.2a-b
Bulimina elongata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 187, pl. 11, figs.
19-20.
Caucasina elongata (d’Orbigny) - Loeblich & Tappan,
1964, p. 82, pl. 2, figs. 14-15.
Bulimina elongata elongata d’Orbigny - Didkowski &
Satanovskaja, 1970, p. 129, pl. 77, fig. 2.
Baggatella elongata (d’Orbigny) - Popescu, 1975, p. 71,
pl. 49, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bulimina schischkinskayae Samoylova, 1947
Fig. 12.9
Bulimina schischkinskye Samoylova, 1947, p. 82, pl. 10
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Caucasina schischkinskayae (Samoylova) - Khalilov,
1958, p. 4.
Baggatella schischkinskayae (Samoylova) - Popescu &
Iva, 1971, p. 43, pl. 11, figs. 1-5.
Bulimina schischkinskayae Samoylova - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 87, pl. 47, figs. 2-4.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Bulimina striata striata d’Orbigny, 1843
Fig. 12.11a-b
Bulimina striata d’Orbigny in Guérin-Méneville, 1843, p.
18, pl. 3, fig. 16.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
49
Fig. 13 All scales represent 100 μm.1. Uvigerina moravia Boersma. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample F4, Rupelian. 2-5. Uvigerina popescui Rögl. 2a-b. same specimen, a. lateral view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample F6, Rupelian; 3a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. apertural view, same scale, sample F6,
Rupelian; 4a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian; 5a-b. same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 6. Uvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman &
Ellisor. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian. 7. Uvigerina steyri Papp.
Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 8. Uvigerina gracilis Reuss. Same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 9. Angulogerina globosa (Stoltz). Same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 10,13. Angulogerina angulosa
(Williamson). 10a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian; 13a-b. same
specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view, same scale, sample F9, Rupelian.11. Uvigerina tenuistriata schlichti
Schudack & Nuglisch. Sample F3, Rupelian. 12. Uvigerina gracilis var. oligocaenica (Andreae). Sample F34,
Rupelian/Chattian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
50
Bulimina buchiana d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 186, pl. 11, figs.
15-18.
Bulimina costata d’Orbigny, 1852, p. 194.
Bulimina inflata Seguenza var. mexicana Cushman,
1922, p. 95, pl. 21, fig. 2.
Bulimina striata d’Orbigny var. mexicana Cushman,
1940, p. 16, pl. 3, fig. 9.
Bulimina australis Vella, 1957, p. 32, pl. 8, figs. 168-169.
Bulimina striata striata d’Orbigny - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
87, pl. 48, figs. 1-3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Praeglobobulimina Hofker, 1951
Praeglobobulimina pupoides (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 12.13
Bulimina pupoides d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 185, pl. 11, figs.
11-12.
Praeglobobulimina pupoides (d’Orbigny) - Foraminiferi
Padani, AGIP, 1982, p. 122, pl. 6, fig. 12.
Protoglobobulimina pupoides (d’Orbigny) - Loeblich &
Tappan, 1988, p. 522, pl. 572, figs. 1-6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family UVIGERINIDAE Haeckel, 1894
Subfamily UVIGERININAE Haeckel, 1894
Genus Uvigerina d’Orbigny, 1826
Uvigerina moravia Boersma, 1984
Fig. 13.1a-b
Uvigerina moravia Boersma, 1984, p. 114, textfig. p.
114, figs. 1-4.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Uvigerina popescui Rögl, 1998
Figs. 13.2a-b, 13.3a-b, 13.4a-b, 13.5a-b
Uvigerina popescui Rögl, 1998, p. 74, pl. 52, figs. 1-3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Uvigerina steyri Papp, 1975
Fig. 13.7a-b
Uvigerina steyri steyri Papp, 1975, p. 282, pl. 1, figs. 5-6.
Uvigerina steyri Papp - Cicha et al., 1998, p. 135, pl. 50,
figs. 10-12.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Uvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman & Ellisor, 1931
Fig. 13.6a-b
Uvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman & Ellisor, 1931, p.
54, pl. 7, fig. 7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Uvigerina gracilis Reuss, 1851
Fig. 13.8a-b
Uvigerina gracilis Reuss, 1851, p. 77, pl. 5, fig. 39.
Angulogerina gracilis (Reuss) - Batjes, 1958, p. 134, pl.
6, figs. 1-2.
Trifarina gracilis (Reuss) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl. 20, fig. 10.
Uvigerina gracilis Reuss - Cicha et al., 1998, p. 133, pl.
49, fig. 11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Uvigerina gracilis var. oligocaenica (Andreae, 1894)
Fig. 13.12
Uvigerina oligocaenica Andreae, 1894, p. 50, fig. 1.
Angulogerina oligocaenica (Andreae) - Cushman &
Edwards, 1938, p. 86, pl. 15, figs. 8-11.
Uvigerina gracilis (Reuss) var. oligocaenica (Andreae) -
Batjes, 1958, p. 135, pl. 6, fig. 3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Uvigerina tenuistriata schlichti Schudack & Nuglisch,
2007
Fig. 13.11
Uvigerina tenuistriata schlichti Schudack & Nuglisch,
2007, p. 41, pl. 14, figs. 245-250.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Subfamily ANGULOGERININAE Galloway, 1933
Genus Angulogerina Cushman, 1927
Angulogerina angulosa (Williamson, 1858)
Figs. 13.10a-b, 13.13a-b
Uvigerina angulosa Williamson, 1858, p. 67, pl. 5, fig.
140.
Angulogerina angulosa (Williamson) - Cushman, 1949,
p. 111, pl. 6, figs. 9-10.
Trifarina angulosa (Williamson) - Popescu, 1979, p. 36,
pl. 21, fig. 6.
Angulogerina angulosa (Williamson) - Loeblich &
Tappan, 1987, pl. 574, figs. 5-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Angulogerina globosa (Stoltz, 1925)
Fig. 13.9a-b
Uvigerina tenuistriata d’Orbigny var. globosa Stoltz,
1925, p. 130, fig. 2 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Trifarina globosa (Stoltz) - Sztrákos, 1979, p. 67, pl. 20,
figs. 13-14.
Angulogerina globosa (Stoltz) - Mathelin & Sztrákos,
1993, p. 48, pl. 34, fig. 20.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily FURSENKOINACEA Loeblich &
Tappan, 1961
Family FURSENKOINIDAE Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
Genus Fursenkoina Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
Fursenkoina halkyardi (Cushman, 1936)
Figs. 14.5a-b, 14.6a-b, 14.7-14.10
Virgulina schreibersiana Halkyard, 1918, p. 48, pl. 8, fig.
5 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Virgulina halkyardi Cushman, 1936, p. 47, pl. 7. Fig. 5.
Fursenkoina halkyardi (Cushman) - Popescu & Iva,
1971, pl. 12, fig. 3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
51
Fig. 14 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Fursenkoina schreibersiana (Czjzek). Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample F14, Rupelian. 2,3. Fursenkoina mustoni (Andreae). 2a-b. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample F3, Rupelian; 3. sample F3, Rupelian. 4. Fursenkoina sp. Same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale, sample F3, Rupelian. 5-10. Fursenkoina halkyardi (Cushman). 5. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view,
same scale; 6. same specimen, a. apertural view, b. lateral view; same scale. 5-10. sample FB01, Chattian. 11. Pleurostomella
incrassata Hantken. Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. apertural view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 12-14. Stilostomella
adolphina (d’Orbigny). 12. sample FB20, Chattian; 13. sample F14, Rupelian; 14. sample F18, Rupelian. 15, 17, 18, 21.
Stilostomella emaciata (Reuss). 15. sample F9, Rupelian; 17. sample F9, Rupelian; 18. sample F21, Rupelian; 21. sample F25,
Rupelian. 16. Siphonodosaria consobrina (d’Orbigny). Sample F3, Rupelian. 19. Stilostomella pauperata (d’Orbigny). Sample
F21, Rupelian. 20. Stilostomella bradyi (Cushman). Sample F5, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
52
Fursenkoina mustoni (Andreae, 1884)
Figs. 14.2a-b, 14.3
Virgulina mustoni Andreae, 1884, p. 254, pl. 11, fig. 4.
Fursenkoina mustoni (Andreae) - Reiser, 1987, p. 80, pl.
7, figs. 4, 9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Fursenkoina schreibersiana (Czjzek, 1848)
Fig. 14.1a-b
Virgulina schreibersiana Czjzek, 1848, p. 147, pl. 13,
figs. 18-21 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Stainforthia schreibersiana (Czjzek) - Kümmerle, 1963,
p. 40, pl. 5, fig. 10a-b.
Fursenkoina schreibersiana (Czjzek) - Belford, 1966, p.
136, pl. 9, figs. 18-21.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Fursenkoina sp.
Fig. 14.4a-b
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily DELOSINACEA Parr, 1950
Family CAUCASINIDAE Bykova, 1959
Subfamily CAUCASININAE Bykova, 1959
Genus Caucasina Khalilov, 1951
Caucasina oligocaenica Khalilov, 1951
Figs. 12.3a-b, 12.4-12.5
Caucasina oligocaenica Khalilov, 1951, p. 58, pl. 4, fig.
4 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Baggatella oligocaenica (Khalilov) - Popescu & Iva,
1971, p. 43, pl. 10, figs. 2-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily PLEUROSTOMELLACEA Reuss, 1860
Family PLEUROSTOMELLIDAE Reuss, 1860
Subfamily PLEUROSTOMELLINAE Reuss, 1860
Genus Pleurostomella Reuss, 1860
Pleurostomella incrassata Hantken, 1883
Fig. 14.11a-b
Pleurostomella incrassata Hantken, 1883, p. 25, pl. 1,
figs. 4, 7.
Pleurostomella alternans Schwager var. moravica
Schubert, 1900, p. 157, pl. 2, figs. 5a-c.
Pleurostomella velascoensis Cushman, 1926, p. 590, pl.
16, fig. 4.
Pleurostomella paleocenica Cushman, 1947, p. 86, pl.
18, figs. 14-15.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily STILOSTOMELLACEA Finlay, 1947
Family STILOSTOMELLIDAE Finlay, 1947
Genus Siphonodosaria Silvestri, 1924
Siphonodosaria consobrina (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 14.16
Dentalina consobrina d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 46, pl. 2, figs.
1-3.
Dentalina verneuilii d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 48, pl. 2, figs. 7-
8.
Dentalina aequalis Karrer, 1864, p. 74, pl. 16, fig. 1.
Nodosaria consobrina (d’Orbigny) - Reuss & Schlicht,
1870, p. 473/29, 31-32, pl. 9, figs. 1, 8, 22, pl. 10, figs. 1,
25.
Nodosaria japonica Cushman, 1913, p. 57, pl. 28, fig. 4.
Ellipsonodosaria verneuilii (d’Orbigny) var. emaciata
Palmer & Bermúdez, 1941, p. 189.
Siphonodosaria consobrina (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth,
1952, p. 12.
Stilostomella consobrina (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth, 1952,
p. 146.
Stilostomella consobrina (d’Orbigny) - Beckmann, 1953,
p. 370, pl. 21, figs. 24-25.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Stilostomella Guppy, 1894
Stilostomella adolphina (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Figs. 14.12-14.14
Dentalina adolphina d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 51, pl. 2, figs.
18-20.
Dentalina ornata Neugeboren, 1856, pl. 4, figs. 9a-b.
Siphonodosaria adolphina (d’Orbigny) - Subbotina,
1953, p. 180, pl. 6, figs. 1-2.
Stilostomella adolphina (d’Orbigny) - Rögl, 1968, p. 80,
pl. 3, fig. 12.
Nodosaria adolphina (d’Orbigny) - Krayeva & Zerneckij,
1969, p. 41, pl. 14, fig. 6.
Nodogenerina adolphina (d’Orbigny) - Mathelin &
Sztrákos, 1993, pl. 35, fig. 17.
Caveastomella adolphina (d’Orbigny) – Hayward et al.,
2012, p. 163, pl. 16, figs. 1-6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Stilostomella bradyi (Cushman, 1927c)
Fig. 14.20
Sagrina virgula Brady, 1879, p. 275, pl. 8, figs. 19-21.
Nodogenerina bradyi Cushman, 1927c, p. 89, pl. 76, fig.
8 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Stilostomella bradyi (Cushman) - Barker, 1960, pl. 76,
fig. 8.
Nodogenerina virgula (Brady) - Jones, 1994, pl. 76, fig.
8.
Siphonodosaria bradyi (Cushman) - Hayward &
Kawagata, 2005, pl. 1, fig. 31.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Stilostomella emaciata (Reuss, 1851)
Figs. 14.15, 14.17, 14.18, 14.21
Dentalina emaciata Reuss, 1851, p. 63, pl. 3, fig. 9.
Nodosaria emaciata (Reuss) - Batjes, 1958, p. 116, pl. 3,
figs. 20-21.
Stilostomella emaciata (Reuss) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl. 19,
fig. 14.
Stilostomella emaciata (Reuss) - Cicha et al., 1998, p.
128, pl. 56, figs. 10-11.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
53
Fig. 15 All scales represent 100 μm.1. Neoeponides schreibersi (d’Orbigny). Sample F4, Rupelian. 2. ?Gyroidina constans
(Reiser). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian. 3.
Cibicidoides ungerianus filicosta (Hagn). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale,
sample F14, Rupelian. 4. Cibicidoides acutus (Samoylova). Sample F10, Rupelian. 5. Cibicides amphysiliensis (Andreae).
Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, FB18, Chattian. 6. Cibicidoides oligocenicus
(Samoylova). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian. 7.
Epistominella molassica (Hagn). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F14,
Rupelian. 8. Fontbotia wuellerstorfi (Schwager). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample F11,
Rupelian. 9. Epistominella exigua (Brady). Sample F14, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
54
Stilostomella pauperata (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 14.19
Dentalina pauperata d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 46, pl. 1, figs.
57-58.
Siphonodosaria pauperata (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth,
1952, p. 13.
Stilostomella pauperata (d’Orbigny) - Stainforth, 1952,
p. 146.
Stilostomella pauperata (d’Orbigny) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl.
19, fig. 13.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Order ROTALIIDA Lankester, 1885
Superfamily DISCORBACEA Ehrenberg, 1838
Family DISCORBIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838
Genus Neoeponides Reiss, 1960
Neoeponides schreibersi (d’Orbigny, 1846)
Fig. 15.1
Rotalina schreibersi d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 154, pl. 8, figs.
4-6.
Eponides schreibersi (d’Orbigny) - Kaasschieter, 1961, p.
210, pl. 11, figs. 14-15.
Neoeponides schreibersi (d’Orbigny) - Popescu, 1975, p.
96.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily DISCORBINELLACEA Sigal, 1952
Family PARRELLOIDIDAE Hofker, 1956
Genus Cibicidoides Thalmann, 1939
Cibicidoides acutus (Samoylova, 1947)
Fig. 15.4
Cibicides acutus Samoylova, 1947, p. 97, textfigs. 40-42
(fide Ellis & Messina).
Cibicidoides acutus (Samoylova) - Popescu & Iva, 1971,
p. 48, pl. 9, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Cibicidoides oligocenicus (Samoylova, 1947)
Fig. 15.6a-c
Cibicides dutemplei (d’Orbigny) var. oligocenica
Samoylova, 1947, p. 96, figs. 34-36.
Cibicides oligocenicus (Samoylova) - Pozaryska, 1977 p.
39, pl. 6. figs. 1–6; pl. 7, fig. 3a–c; pl. 13, figs. 8–9.
Cibicidoides oligocenicus (Samoylova) - Cicha et al.,
1998, p. 90, pl. 62, figs. 1-3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Cibicidoides ungerianus filicosta (Hagn, 1952)
Fig. 15.3a-c
Cibicides ungerianus (d’Orbigny) var. filicosta Hagn,
1952, p. 186, pl. 1, fig. 4.
Cibicides ungerianus filicosta Hagn - Hagn, 1960, pl. 7,
fig. 9.
Cibicidoides ungerianus filicosta (Hagn) - Reiser, 1987,
p. 117, pl. 19, figs. 4, 7-8.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family PSEUDOPARRELLIDAE Voloshinova, 1952
Subfamily PSEUDOPARRELLINAE Voloshinova,
1952
Genus Epistominella Husezima & Maruhasi, 1944
Epistominella exigua (Brady, 1884)
Fig. 15.9
Pulvinulina exigua Brady, 1884, p. 696, pl. 103, figs. 13-
14.
Pseudoparrella exigua (Brady) - Phleger & Parker, 1951,
p. 28, pl. 15, fig. 6.
Pulvinulinella exigua (Brady) - Hofker, 1951, p. 322,
textfigs. 219-221.
Epistominella exigua (Brady) - Barker, 1960, pl. 103,
figs. 13-14.
Alabamina exigua (Brady) - Popescu, 1975, p. 102, pl.
83, fig. 5.
Alabaminoides exiguus (Brady) - Jones, 1994, p. 103, pl.
103, figs. 13-14.
Pseudoparrella exigua (Brady) - Loeblich & Tappan,
1994, p. 146, pl. 307, figs. 1-7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Epistominella molassica (Hagn, 1952)
Fig. 15.7a-c
Pseudoparella molassica Hagn, 1952, p. 180, pl. 2, fig.
13.
Epistominella molassica (Hagn) - Reiser, 1987, p. 100,
pl. 11, figs. 14-15, pl. 12, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily PLANORBULINACEA Schwager, 1877
Family PLANULINIDAE Bermúdez, 1952
Genus Planulina d’Orbigny, 1826
Planulina compressa (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 16.1a-c
Truncatulina compressa Hantken, 1875, p. 62, pl. 8, fig.
8.
Planulina compressa (Hantken) - Hagn, 1956, p. 179, pl.
17, fig. 5a-b.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Planulina costata (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 16.2a-b
Truncatulina costata Hantken, 1875, p. 63, pl. 9, fig. 2.
Planulina costata (Hantken) - Hagn, 1956, p. 178, pl. 17,
figs. 3a-b, 4a-b.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family CIBICIDIDAE Cushman, 1927
Subfamily CIBICIDINAE Cushman, 1927
Genus Cibicides de Montfort, 1808
Cibicides amphysiliensis (Andreae, 1884)
Fig. 15.5a-c
Truncatulina amphysiliensis Andreae, 1884, p. 255, pl.
10, fig. 30.
Cibicides amphysiliensis (Andreae) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 90, pl. 72, figs. 14-17.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
55
Fig. 16 All scales represent 100 μm. 1. Planulina compressa (Hantken). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c.
spiral view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian. 2. Planulina costata (Hantken). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view,
same scale, sample F12, Rupelian. 3. Asterigerinoides guerichi (Franke). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view, same
scale, sample F18, Rupelian. 4. Nonion commune (d’Orbigny). Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial view, same scale,
sample F4, Rupelian. 5. Pullenia salisburyii Stewart & Stewart. Same specimen, a. lateral view, b. peripherial view, same scale,
sample F10, Rupelian. 6. Chilostomella cylindroides Reuss. Sample F34, Rupelian/Chattian. 7. Quadrimorphina petrolei
(Andreae). Same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample F18, Rupelian. 8-9. Alabamina tangentialis
(Clodius). 8a-b. same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample FB01, Chattian; 9a-b. same specimen, a.
umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 10. Anomalinoides granosus (Hantken). Same specimen, a.
umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample F15, Rupelian
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
56
Genus Fontbotia Gonzales-Donoso & Linares, 1970
Fontbotia wuellerstorfi (Schwager, 1866)
Fig. 15.8a-b
Anomalina wuellerstorfi Schwager, 1866, p. 258, pl. 7,
figs. 105-107.
Truncatulina wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Brady, 1884, pp.
627, 662, pl. 93, figs. 8-9.
Planorbulina wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Goës, 1894, p.
89, pl. 15, fig. 777.
Planulina wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Cushman, 1931, p.
110, pl. 19, figs. 5-6.
Cibicides wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Leroy, 1941, p. 46,
pl. 1, figs. 27-29.
Fontbotia wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Gonzales-Donoso &
Linares, 1970, p. 238, pl. 1, fig. 4.
Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi (Schwager) - Mackensen et al.,
1993, p. 57, pl. 2, figs. 4-5.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily ASTERIGERINACEA d'Orbigny, 1839
Family ASTERIGERINATIDAE Reiss, 1963
Genus Asterigerinoides Bermúdez, 1952
Asterigerinoides guerichi (Franke, 1912)
Fig. 16.3a-b
Discorbina guerichi Franke, 1912, p. 29, fig. 8.
Asterigerina guerichi (Franke) - Dam & Reinhold, 1942,
p. 90, pl. 7, fig. 1.
Asterigerinoides guerichi (Franke) - Hofker, 1959, p.
255, abb. 17.
Asterigerina guerichi guerichi (Franke) - Ellerman, 1960,
p. 687, pl. 53, fig. 17.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Superfamily NONIONACEA Schultze, 1854
Family NONIONIDAE Schultze, 1854
Subfamily NONIONINAE Schultze, 1854
Genus Nonion de Montfort, 1808
Nonion commune (d’Orbigny, 1826)
Fig. 16.4a-b
Nautilus scapha Fichtel & Moll, 1798, p. 105, pl. 19, fig.
d-f.
Cristellaria scapha (Fichtel & Moll) - Lamarck, 1822, p.
608.
Nonionina communis d’Orbigny, 1826, p. 128, no. 20.
Polystomella (Nonionina) scapha (Fichtel & Moll) -
Parker & Jones, 1860, p. 102.
Nonion scaphum (Fichtel & Moll) - Cushman, 1939, p.
20, pl. 5, fig. 18-21.
Nonion commune (d’Orbigny) - Cushman, 1939, p. 10,
pl. 3, fig. 2.
Nonion boueanus (d’Orbigny) - Voloshinova, 1952, p.
18, pl. 1, figs. 3-5.
Florilus communis (d’Orbigny) - Cicha & Zapletalová,
1967, p. 136.
Florilus boueanus (d’Orbigny) - Didkowski &
Satanovskaja, 1970, p. 102, pl. 65, fig. 3
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian.
Subfamily PULLENIINAE Schwager, 1877
Genus Pullenia Parker & Jones,1862
Pullenia salisburyii Stewart & Stewart, 1930
Fig. 16.5a-b
Pullenia salisburyii R. E & K. C. Stewart, 1930, p. 72, pl.
8, fig. 2 (fide Ellis & Messina).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Superfamily CHILOSTOMELLACEA Brady, 1881
Family CHILOSTOMELLIDAE Brady, 1881
Subfamily CHILOSTOMELLINAE Brady, 1881
Genus Chilostomella Reuss, 1849
Chilostomella cylindroides Reuss, 1851
Fig. 16.6
Chilostomella cylindroides Reuss, 1851, p. 80, pl. 6, fig.
43.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family QUADRIMORPHINIDAE Saidova, 1981
Genus Quadrimorphina Finlay, 1939
Quadrimorphina petrolei (Andreae, 1884)
Fig. 16.7a-b
Pulvinulina petrolei Andreae, 1884, p. 125, pl. 8, fig. 15.
Valvulineria petrolei (Andreae) - Batjes, 1958, p. 146, pl.
8, fig. 1.
Quadrimorphina petrolei (Andreae) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 121, pl. 66, figs. 16-18.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family ALABAMINIDAE Hofker, 1951
Genus Alabamina Toulmin, 1941
Alabamina tangentialis (Clodius, 1922)
Figs. 16.8a-b, 16.9a-b
Pulvinulina tangentialis Clodius, 1922, p. 138, pl. 1, fig.
14.
Alabamina tangentialis (Clodius) - Batjes, 1958, p. 155,
pl. 8, fig. 7.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Chattian.
Family HETEROLEPIDAE Gonzales-Donoso, 1969
Genus Anomalinoides Brotzen, 1942
Anomalinoides granosus (Hantken, 1875)
Fig. 16.10a-b
Truncatulina granosa Hantken, 1875, p. 65, pl. 10, fig. 2.
Anomalina granosa (Hantken) - Sztrákos, 1979, pl. 29,
fig. 9.
Anomalinoides granosus (Hantken) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 81, pl. 69, figs. 14-18.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Heterolepa Franzenau, 1884
Heterolepa eocaena (Gümbel, 1868)
Figs. 17.3a-b, 17.4a-b
Rotalia eocaena Gümbel, 1868, p. 650, pl. 2, fig. 87.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
57
Fig. 17 All scales represent 100 μm. 1-2. Heterolepa praecincta (Karrer). 1a-c. same specimen, a. umbilical view, b.
peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian; 2a-c. same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial
view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample FB20, Chattian. 3-4. Heterolepa eocaena (Gümbel). 3a-b. same specimen, a.
umbilical view, b. spiral view, same scale, sample F12, Rupelian; 4a-b. same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. spiral view,
same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 5. Gyroidinoides octocameratus (Cushman & Hanna). Same specimen, a. umbilical
view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample FB21, Chattian. 6. Gyroidinoides mamillatus (Andreae). Same
specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F5, Rupelian. 7-8. Hansenisca soldanii
(d’Orbigny). 7a-c. same specimen, a. umbilical view, b. peripherial view, c. spiral view, same scale, sample F14, Rupelian; 8.
sample F25, Rupelian.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
58
Cibicides eocaenus (Gümbel) - Hagn, 1956, p. 180, pl.
17, figs. 8-9.
Heterolepa eocaena (Gümbel) - Grünig, 1985, p. 275, pl.
11, figs. 1-3.
Cibicidoides eocaenus (Gümbel) - Van Morkhoven et al.,
1986, p. 256, pl. 86A, figs. 1–4; pl. 86B, figs. 1–2; pl.
86C, 1–3 (cum syn).
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Heterolepa praecincta (Karrer, 1868)
Figs. 17.1a-c, 17.2a-c
Rotalina praecincta Karrer, 1868, p. 189, pl. 5, fig. 7.
Truncatulina praecincta (Karrer) - Brady, 1884, p. 667,
pl. 95, figs. 1-3.
Cibicides dutemplei (d’Orbigny) var. praecinctus
(Karrer) - Batjes, 1958, p. 150, pl. 9,
fig.10.
Heterolepa praecincta (Karrer) - Popescu, 1975, p. 105,
pl. 85, fig. 3.
Cibicidoides (?) praecinctus (Karrer) - McCulloch, 1977,
p. 446, pl. 152, fig. 11.
Cibicides praecinctus (Karrer) - Tu & Zheng, 1991, p.
186, pl. 9, fig. 3.
Neoeponides praecinctus (Karrer) - Jones, 1994, p. 99, pl.
95, figs. 1-3.
Heterolepa praecincta (Karrer) - Loeblich & Tappan,
1994, p. 163, pl. 360, figs. 1-10.
Cibicidoides praecinctus (Karrer) - De Man, 2006, p.
291, pl. 12, fig. 1.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Family GAVELINELLIDAE Hofker, 1956
Subfamily GYROIDINOIDINAE Saidova, 1981
Genus Gyroidinoides Brotzen, 1942
Gyroidinoides octocameratus (Cushman and Hanna,
1927)
Fig. 17.5a-c
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny var. octocamerata
Cushman and Hanna, 1927, p. 223, pl. 14, figs. 16-18.
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny octocamerata Cushman &
Hanna - Willems, 1972, p. 39, pl. 5, fig. 8.
Gyroidinoides octocameratus (Cushman and Hanna) -
Cicha et al., 1998, p. 105, pl. 71,
figs. 20-22.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Gyroidinoides mamillatus (Andreae, 1884)
Fig. 17.6a-c
Rotalia girardana Reuss var. mamillata Andreae, 1884,
p. 142, pl. 9, fig. 4.
Gyroidina mamillata (Andreae) - Dam & Reinhold, 1942,
p. 87, pl. 6, fig. 6.
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny var. mamillata Andreae -
Batjes, 1958, p. 147, pl.7,
fig. 15.
Rotaliatina bulimoides mamillata (Andreae) - Ellerman,
1960, p. 675.
Gyroidina soldanii mamillata (Andreae) - King, 1989, p.
478, pl. 9.7, fig. 17.
Gyroidinoides mamillatus (Andreae) - Cicha et al., 1998,
p. 105, pl. 72, figs. 1-3.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Subfamily GAVELINELLINAE Hofker, 1956
Genus Gyroidina d’Orbigny, 1826
?Gyroidina constans (Reiser, 1987)
Fig. 15.2a-c
Eponides constans Reiser, 1987, p. 98, pl. 11, figs. 13,
16-17.
Gyroidina ? constans (Reiser) - Cicha et al., 1998, p. 105,
pl. 58, figs. 4-6.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
Genus Hansenisca Loeblich and Tappan, 1987
Hansenisca soldanii (d’Orbigny, 1826)
Figs. 17.7a-c, 17.8
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny, 1826, p. 112, no. 5.
Rotalina soldanii (d’Orbigny) - d’Orbigny, 1846, p. 155,
pl. 8, figs. 10-12.
Rotalia soldanii (d’Orbigny) - Andreae, 1884, p. 155-
156, 257, 262, pl. 9, fig. 3.
Gyroidinoides soldanii (d’Orbigny) - Braga et al., 1975,
p. 109, pl. 6, figs. 10-11.
Gyroidinoides soldanii (d’Orbigny) - Popescu, 1975, p.
103, pl. 84, fig. 2a-c.
Hansenisca soldanii (d’Orbigny) - Loeblich & Tappan,
1987, pl. 719, figs. 5-9.
Stratigraphical distribution in samples: Rupelian-
Chattian.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank the reviewers Katarína Holcová, Ileana-Monica
Crihan and Gheorghe Popescu for the review and
comments on the manuscript.
This paper is a result of a doctoral research made possible
by the financial support of the Sectoral Operational
Programme for Human Resources Development 2007-
2013, co-financed by the European Social Fund, under
the project POSDRU/159/1.5/S/133391 - “Doctoral and
postdoctoral excellence programs for training highly
qualified human resources for research in the fields of
Life Sciences, Environment and Earth”. Additional
financial support was provided by the Grzybowski
Foundation (the Brian J. O’Neill Memorial Grant-in-
Aid), Sciex (Grant No. 12.116), and S.N.G.N Romgaz
(Contract 18/2011).
The authors are grateful for Christoph Neururer
(University of Fribourg, Switzerland) for technical help
in photographing the foraminifera.
REFERENCES
Andreae, A., 1884. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des
Elsässer Tertiärs. Abhandlungen zur geologischen
Specialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, Strassburg, 2(3):
1-331.
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
59
Andreae, A., 1894. Die Foraminiferen-Fauna im
Septarienthon von Frankfurt am Main und ihre
vertikale Verteilung. Bericht über die
Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft in
Frankfurt am Main, 43-51.
Bandy, O.L., 1949.Eocene and Oligocene foraminifera
from Little Stave Creek, Clarke County, Alabama.
Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 32, no. 131,
210 pp.
Barmawidjaja, D.M., Jorissen, F.J., Puskaric, R. & Van
der Zwaan, G.J., 1992. Microhabitat selection by
benthic foraminifera in the northern Adriatic Sea.
Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 22: 297–317. doi:
10.2113/gsjfr.22.4.297
Bartenstein, H., 1952. Taxonomische Bemerkungen zu
den Ammobaculites, Haplophragmium, Lituola und
verwandten Gattungen (For.). Senckenbergiana, 33:
313-342.
Batjes, D.A.J., 1958. Foraminifera of the Oligocene of
Belgium. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de
Belgique, Bruxelles, Mémoire, Vol. 143, 217 pp.
Beckmann, J.P., 1991. New taxa of foraminifera from the
Cretaceous and basal Tertiary of Trinidad, West
Indies. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 84(3): 819-
835. http://dx.doi.org/10.5169/seals-166799
Beldean, C. & Filipescu, S., 2011. “Flysch-type”
agglutinated foraminifera from the Lower Miocene of
the Transylvanian Basin (Romania). In: Kaminski,
M.A. & Filipescu, S., (eds) 2011. Proceedings of the
Eighth International Workshop on Agglutinated
Foraminifera, Grzybowski Foundation Special
Publication 16, pp. 1-18.
Bhatia, S.B., 1955. The Foraminiferal Fauna of the Late
Palaeogene sediments of the Isle of Wight, England.
Journal of Paleontology, 29(4): 665-693.
Boersma, A., 1984. Handbook of common Tertiary
Uvigerina. Microclimates Press, Stony Point, New
York, 207 pp.
Bornemann, J.G., 1855. Die mikroskopische Fauna des
Septarienthones von Hermsdorf, bei Berlin.
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft,
Berlin, 7(2): 307-371.
Brady, H.B., 1881. On some Arctic Foraminifera from
soundings obtained on the Austro-Hungarian North
Polar Expedition of 1872-1874. Annals and Magazine
of Natural History, 5(8): 393-418.
Brady, H.B., 1884. Report on the foraminifera dredged by
H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. In:
Murray, J. (ed.) Reports of the scientific results of the
voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger, Zoology, 9, 814 pp.
Brady, H.B., 1878. On the reticularian and Radiolarian
Rhizopoda (Foraminifera and Polycystina) of the
North-Polar Expedition of 1875-1876. Annals and
Magazine of Natural History, 5(1): 425-440.
Braga, G., De Biase, R., Grünig, A. & Proto Decima, F.,
1975. Foraminiferi bentonici del Paleocene ed Eocene
della sezione di Possagno. Schweizerische
Palaeontologische Abhandlungen, 97: 85–111.
Bykova, E. V., 1939. Foraminifery verkhnemelovykh i
paleogenovykh otlozheniy Ferganskoy Doliny
(Foraminifera from the Upper Cretaceous and
Paleogene deposits of Ferghana, in Russian with
English summary). Trudy Neftyanogo Geologo-
Razvedochnogo Instituta, ser. A, 121: 3–39.
Cicha, I. & Zapletalová, I., 1963. Die Vertreter der
Gattung Bolivina (Foraminifera – Protozoa) im
Miozän der Westkarpaten. Sbor. Ústř. Úst. Geol.,
Odd. paleont. 28(1961): 115-183.
Cicha, I., Rögl, F., Rupp, Ch. & Ctyroka, J., 1998.
Oligocene - Miocene Foraminifera of the Central
Paratethys. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen
Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 549, 325 pp.
Clodius, G., 1922. Die Foraminiferen des obermiozänen
Glimmertons in Norddeutschland mit besonderer
Berücksichtingung der Aufschlüsse in Mecklenburg.
Archiv der Freunde der Naturgeschichte in
Mecklenburg, Güstrow, pp. 76-145.
Cushman, J.A., 1910. A monograph on the foraminifera
of the North Pacific Ocean; Part I - Astrorhizidae and
Lituolidae. United States National Museum Bulletin,
71, 134 pp.
Cushman, J.A., 1911. A monograph on the foraminifera
of the North Pacific Ocean; Part II - Textulariidae.
United States National Museum Bulletin, 71, 108 pp.
Cushman, J.A., 1927a.New and interesting foraminifera
from Mexico and Texas. Contributions from the
Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, 3:
111-119.
Cushman, J. A., 1927b. Some characteristic Mexican
fossil foraminifera. Journal of Paleontology, 1: 147-
172.
Cushman, J.A., 1927c. Some new genera of the
foraminifera. Contributions from the Cushman
Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 2(4): 1-77.
Cushman, J. A., 1930. The foraminifera of the
Choctawhatchee formation of Florida. Florida State
Geological Survey, Geological Bulletin, 4: 89 pp.
Cushman, J.A., 1936. New genera and species of the
families Verneuilinidae and Valvulinidae and of the
subfamily Virgulininae. Special Publication,
Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 6:
1-71.
Cushman, J.A. & Ellisor, A.C., 1931. Some New Tertiary
Foraminifera from Texas. Contributions from the
Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research,
7(3): 51-58.
Cushman, J.A. & Hanna, M.A., 1927. Foraminifera from
the Eocene near Coalinga, California. Proceedings of
the California Academy of Sciences, 16(4): 205-229.
Cushman, J.A. & Jarvis, P.W., 1928. Cretaceous
foraminifera from Trinidad. Contributions from the
Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 4:
85-103.
Cushman, J.A & Parker, F.L., 1937. Notes on some
European Eocene Species of Bulimina. Cushman
Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 13(2): 46-54.
Cushman, J.A. & Renz, H.H., 1941.New Oligocene-
Miocene Foraminifers, from Venezuela.
Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for
Foraminiferal Research, 17(1): 1-27.
Cushman, J.A. & Renz, H.H., 1946. The foraminiferal
fauna of the Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad,
British West Indies. Cushman Laboratory for
Foraminiferal Research Special Publication, 18: 1-48.
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
60
Czjzek, J., 1848. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der fossilen
Foraminiferendes Wiener Beckens. In: Haidinger, W.
(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, 2: 137-
150.
Dumitrescu, I., 1957. Asupra faciesurilor și orizontării
Cretacicului superior și orizontării Cretacicului
superior și Paleogenului în Bazinul Lăpușului (nordul
Depresiunii Transilvaniei). Lucrări ale Institutului de
Petrol și Gaze, 3: 19-44.
Defrance, J.L.M., 1824. Dictionaire des Sciences
Naturelles. Strasbourg. F. G. Levrault, 32.
Earland, A., 1933. Foraminifera. Part II. South Georgia.
Discovery Reports, 7: 29-138.
Fichtel, L. von & Moll, J. P. C. von, 1798. Testacea
microscopica aliaque minuta ex generibus Argonauta
et Nautilus. Vienna, Anton Pichler, 33 pp.
Filipescu, S., 2001. Cenozoic Lithostratigraphic units in
Transylvania. In: Bucur, I. I., Filipescu, S. & Săsăran,
E. (eds.) Algae and carbonate platforms in western
part of Romania. Field Trip Guide Book, Fourth
Regional Meeting of IFAA, Cluj University Press, pp.
75-92.
Fornasini, C., 1885. Textularina e altri foraminiferi fossili
nella marna miocenica die San Rufille presso
Bologna. Accademia dei Lincei, 17 pp.
Franke, A., 1912. Die Foraminiferen des Unter-
Eocantones der Ziegelei Schwarzenbeck. Jahrbuch der
Königlich Preussischen Geologischen Landesanstalt
und Bergakademie zu Berlin, 32: 106-111.
Geroch, S. & Kaminski, M.A., 1992. The morphology
and systematics of Nothia excelsa (Grzybowski), a
deep-water agglutinated foraminifer. Rocznik
Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, 62: 255-265.
Giuşcă D. & Rădulescu D., 1967. Geological map of
Romania, scale 1:200.000, sheet 3 Baia Mare, L-34-
VI, M-34-XXXVI, Institute of Geology, Bucharest.
Gooday, A.J., 1993. Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal
species which exploit phytodetritus: Characteristic
feature and controls on distribution. Marine
Micropaleontology, 22: 187-205.
Gradstein, F.M. & Berggren, W.A., 1981. Flysch-type
agglutinated foraminifera and the Maastrichtian to
Paleogene history of the Labrador and North Seas.
Marine Micropaleontology, 6: 211-268.
Grossheide, K. & Trunkó, L., 1965. Die Foraminiferen
des Doberges bei Bünde und von Astrup mit
Beiträgen zur Geologie dieser Profile (Oligozän, NW-
Deutschland). Beihefte zum Geologischen Jahrbuch,
60, 213 pp.
Grzybowski, J., 1896. Otwornice czerwonych iłow z
Wadowic. Rozprawy Wydziału Matematyczno-
Przyrodniczego. Akademia Umiejętności w
Krakowie, 2 (30): 261-308.
Grzybowski, J., 1898. Otwornice pokładow naftonośnych
okolicy Krosna. Rozprawy Wydziału Matematyczno-
Przyrodniczego. Akademia Umiejętności w
Krakowie, 2(33): 257-307.
Grzybowski, J., 1901. Otwornice warstw inoceramowych
okolicy Gorlic. Rozprawy Wydziału Matematyczno-
Przyrodniczego. Akademia Umiejętności w
Krakowie, 2(41): 219-286.
Gümbel, C.W., 1868. Beiträge zur Foraminiferenfauna
der nordalpinen, älteren Eocängebilde oder der
Kressenberger Nummulitenschichten. Abhandlungen
der Bayerische Akademie der Naturwissenschaften,
Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse, 10: 579-730.
Cuvier, G., 1829-1844. Iconographie du règne animal de
G. Cuvier, ed. Guerin-Meneville, M.F.E., Paris (J.B.
Bailliere).
Hagn, H., 1952. Foraminiferen der subalpinen Molasse.
Geologica Bavarica, 10: 121-191.
Hantken, M., 1868. A Kisczélli tályag foraminiférái.
Magyar Földtani Társulat Munkálatai, Pest, 4: 75-96.
Hantken M., 1875. A Clavulina Szabói rétegek faunája. I.
rész. Foraminiferák (Die Fauna der Clavulina Szabói
Schichten. I. Teil. Foraminiferen). Földtani Intézet
Évkönyve (Jahrbuch der königlichen ungarischen
geologischen Anstalt), 4: 1–93.
Hantken, M., 1883. A Clavulina Szabói rétegek az
Euganeák és a tengeri Alpok területén és a krétakorú
“Scaglia” az Euganeákban. Magyar Tudományos
Akadémia, Értekezések a Természet Tudományok
Köréből, Budapest, 13(1): 1-48.
Hedberg, H.D., 1937. Foraminifers of the middle Tertiary
Carapita Formation of northeastern Venezuela.
Journal of Paleontology, 11(8): 661-697.
Hofmann, G. W., 1967. Untersuchungen an der Gattung
Bolivina (Foraminifera) im Oligozän und Miozän der
ostbayerischen Molasse. Geologica Bavarica, 57: 121-
204.
Hofmann, K., 1879. Bericht über die im östlichen Teile
des Szilágyer Comitates wahrend der
Sommercampagne 1878 vollführten geologischen
Specialaufnahmen. Földtani Közlöny, 9(5-6): 231-
283.
Horváth, M., 2003. Data to revision and distribution of
small Foraminifera species described by Hantken
(1868, 1875). Part II. Nodosariidae and
Vaginulinidae. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica,
21: 5-32.
Höglund, H., 1947. Foraminifera in the Gullmar Fjord
and the Skagerak. Zoologiska bidrag från Uppsala.
26: 77-82.
Jones, T.R. & Parker, W.K., 1860. On the Rhizopodal
fauna of the Mediterranean compared with that of the
Italian and some other Tertiary deposits. Quarterly
Journal of the Geological Society of London, 16: 292-
307.
Karrer, F., 1868. Die Miocene Foraminiferenfauna von
Kostej im Banat. Sitzungberichte der Kaiserliche
Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematische-
Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Wien, 57(1): 121-193.
Kaminski, M.A., 2004. The year 2000 classification of
the agglutinated foraminifera. In: Bubík, M. &
Kaminski, M.A. (eds.) Proceedings of the Sixth
International Workshop on Agglutinated
Foraminifera. Grzybowski Foundation Special
Publication, 8: 237-255.
Kaminski, M. A. & Gradstein, F. M. and collaborators,
2005. Atlas of Paleogene Cosmopolitan deep-water
Agglutinated Foraminifera. Grzybowski Foundation
Special Publication, 10, 546 + vii pp.
Khalilov, D.M., 1951. O faune foraminiferi raschelenenii
Oligotsenovykh otlozheniy severo-vostochnogo
predgorya Malogo Kavkaza (On a foraminiferal fauna
and isolated Oligocene deposits of the northeastern
Taxonomic record of the Oligocene benthic foraminifera from the Vima Formation (Transylvanian Basin, Romania)
61
foothills of the Lesser Caucasus). Izvestiya
Akademiya Nauk Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR, 1951(3):
43-46.
Krézsek, C. & Bally, A.W., 2006. The Transylvanian
Basin (Romania) and its relation to the Carpathian
fold and thrust belt: Insights in gravitational salt
tectonics. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 23: 405-
442.
Kümmerle, E., 1963. Die Foraminiferenfauna des
Kasseler Meeressandes (Oberoligozän) im Ahnetal
bei Kassel. Abhandlungen des Hessischen
Landesamtes für Bodenforschung, 45: 1-72.
Larsen, G. & Dinesen, A., 1959. The Vejle Fjord
Formation at Brejning. Sediments and Foraminiferal
Fauna (Oligocene-Miocene). Danmarks Geologiske
Undersøgelse, 82(2): 1-230.
Lăzărescu, V., 1957. Asupra unei noi specii de Coeloma
și considerații paleoecologice asupra brachiurilor.
Buletin științific, Secția de geologie și geografie,
Academia Republicii Populare Romîne, 2(3-4): 665-
682.
Laskarev, V., 1924. Sur les equivalents du Sarmatien
superieur en Serbie. P. Vujević (Ed.), Receuil de
traveaux offert à M. Jovan Cvijic par ses amis et
collaborateurs, Drzhavna Shtamparija, pp. 73–85.
Linné, C. V., 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria
naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species,
cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (10th
ed.). Stockholm, Laurentius Salvius, 824 pp.
Loeblich, A.R. & Tappan, H., 1988. Foraminiferal
Genera and their Classification. Van Nostrand
Reinhold, New York, vol. 1, 1182 pp.
Majzon, L., 1950a. Stratigrafie der Schichten östlich von
Szamosújvár und Dés. A Magyar Állami Földtani
Intézet Évi jelentése (1941-1942-ről), II, pp. 65-98.
Majzon, L., 1950b. Geology of the Region between
Magyarlápos and Dés. Magyar Állami Földtani
Intézet Évi jelentése 1943. évről, II, pp. 259-287.
Mjatliuk, E.V., 1966. K vroposu o foraminiferakh c
kremnevnym skeletom. Voprosy Mikropaleontologii,
10: 255-269.
Montfort, D. De, 1808. Conchyliologie systematique et
classification metodique des coquilles. Coquilles
univalves, cloisonnkes. F. Schoell, Paris, 1(87), 409
pp.
Murray, J.W., 2006. Ecology and Applications of Benthic
Foraminifera. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge. 438 pp.
Neugeboren, J.L., 1850. Tegelthon von Ober-Lapugy
umweit Dobra und sein Gehalt an Foraminiferen-
Gehausen. Verhandlungen und Mittheilungen des
siebenbürgischen Vereins für Naturwissenschaften zu
Hermannstadt. 11: 163-171.
Neugeboren, J.L., 1852. Foraminiferen von Ober-Lapugy,
beschrieben und nach der Natur gezeichnet, IV
(Schluss). Verhandlungen und Mittheilungen des
siebenbürgischen Vereins für Naturwissenschaften zu
Hermannstadt, 3: 50-59.
Nuttall, W.L.F., 1932. Lower Oligocene foraminifera
from Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 6 (1): 3-35.
Orbigny, A. d', 1826. Tableau méthodique de la classe
des Céphalopodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles,
Paris, 1(7): 245- 314.
Orbigny, A. d’, 1839.Foraminifères. In: Histoire,
Physique, Politique et Naturelle de l'ile de Cuba, Eds:
de la Sagra, 8: 1-224.
Orbigny, A. d', 1846. Foraminiferes fossiles du Bassin
Tertiaire de Vienne (Autriche). Die fossilen
Foraminiferen des tertiaeren Beckens von Wien. Gide
et Comp., Paris, 1-37, 312 pp.
Papp, A., 1975. Die Entwicklung der Uvigerinen in der
Puchkirchener Schichtengruppe. In: Báldi, T. &
Senes, J. (eds.) Chronostratigraphie und
Neostratotypen: Miozän der Zentralen Paratethys,
Band 5, OM Egerien, Die Egerer, Pouzdraner,
Puchkirchener Schichtengruppe und die Bretkaer
Formation. Slowakische Akademie der
Wissenschaften, Bratislava, pp. 279-287.
Popescu, G. 1971. Biostratigrafia depozitelor Oligo-
Miocene de la sud de Preluca, pe bază de foraminifere
planctonice. Dări de seamă ale ședințelor, Institutul de
Geologie și Geofizică, 58(3): 105-127.
Popescu, G., 1972. The subfamily Cyclammininae
(Foraminiferida) in the Oligo-Miocene from the
Northern Transylvania. Studii şi Cercetări Geologice,
Geofizice şi Geografice, Seria Geologie, 17(2): 299-
321.
Popescu, G., 1975. Études des foraminifères du Miocène
inférieur et moyen du nord-ouest de la Transylvanie.
Mémoires, Institut de Géologie et de Géophysique,
23, 121 pp.
Popescu, G. & Iva, M., 1971. Contribution à la
connaissance de la microfaune Oligocène des
Couches de Valea Lăpuşului. Mémoires - Institut de
Géologie et de Géophysique, 14: 35-52.
Popescu, G. & Brotea, D., 1989. Genus Protentella
(Foraminifera) in north Transylvania Oligocene. In:
Petrescu, I. (ed.) The Oligocene from the
Transylvanian Basin, Romania. University of Cluj-
Napoca, Geology-Mineralogy Department, Special
Issue, Cluj-Napoca, pp. 255-260.
Reiser, H., 1987. Die Foraminiferen der bayerischen
Oligozän-Molasse. Systematik, Stratigraphie und
Paläobathymetrie. Zitteliana, 16: 3-131.
Reuss, A.E., 1850. Neue Foraminiferen aus den
Schichten des Österreichischen Tertiärbeckens.
Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien,
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftichen Klasse, 1:
365-390.
Reuss, A.E., 1851. Über die fossilen Foraminiferen und
Entomostraceen der Septarianthone der Umgegend
von Berlin. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen
Gesellschaft, 3: 49-91.
Reuss, A.E., 1852. Briefliche Mittheilung Herr Reuss an
Herrn Beyrich (Über Foraminiferen aus
verschiedenen Septarienthonen). Zeitschrift der
Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 4: 16-19.
Reuss, A. E., 1863. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der tertiären
Foraminiferen-Fauna (Zweite Folge). Sitzungberichte
der Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften,
Mathematische-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Wien,
48: 36-71.
Reuss, A. E., 1866. Die Foraminiferen, Anthozoen und
Bryozoen des deutschen Septarienthones.
Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften,
Szabolcs-Flavius Székely & Sorin Filipescu
62
Mathematische- Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse,
Denkschriften, Wien, 8: 115-367.
Reuss, A.E., 1867. Die fossile Fauna der
Steinsalzablagerung von Wieliczka in Galizien.
Ibidem, 55(1): 17-182.
Rögl, F., 1998. Palaeogeographic Considerations for
Mediterranean and Paratethys Seaways (Oligocene to
Miocene). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums
in Wien, 99: 279-310.
Rögl, F., 1998. Oligocene-Miocene foraminifera of the
Central Paratethys- Systematics and taxonomy. In:
Cicha, I., Rögl, F., Rupp, Ch. & Ctyroka, J. (eds.)
Oligocene - Miocene Foraminifera of the Central
Paratethys. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen
Naturforschenden Gesellschaft , 549, 325 pp.
Rögl, F. & Spezzaferri, S., 2003. Foraminiferal
paleoecology and biostratigraphy of the Muhlbach
section (Gaindorf Formation, Lower Badenian),
Lower Austria. Annalen des Naturhistorischen
Museums in Wien, 104 A: 23-75.
Rusu, A., 1969. Sur la limite Oligocéne - Miocéne dans le
Bassin de Transylvanie. Revue Roumaine de
Géologie, Géophysique, et de Géographie, Série de
Géologie, 13(2): 203-216.
Sacco, F., 1893. Le genre Bathysiphon a l'etat fossile.
Bulletin de Societe Geologique de France, 3(21): 165-
169.
Samoylova, R.B., 1947. On some new and characteristic
species of foraminifera from the Upper Paleogene in
the Crimea (in Russian with English summary).
Biulleten' Moskovskogo Obshchestva ispytatelei
prirody. Otdel geologicheskii, Moscow, 22(4): 77-
101.
Schubert, R. J., 1902. Neue und interessante
Foraminiferen aus dem südtiroler Alttertiär. Beiträge
zur Paläontologie und Geologie Österreich-Ungarns
und des Orients, 14: 9-26.
Schudack, M. & Nuglisch, K., 2007. Miliolids,
Polymorphinids, Bolivina and Uvigerina from the
lower Oligocene of the borehole Loburg 1/90
(Saxony-Anhalt, Middle Germany) (in german with
english abstract). Hallesches Jahrbuch für
Geowissenschaften, 29: 11-77.
Schwager, C., 1866. Fossile Foraminiferen von Kar
Nikobar, Reise der Öesterreichischen Fregatte Novara
um Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den
Befehlen des Commodore B. Von Wuellerstorf-
Urbair, Geologischer Theil, Geologische
Beobachtung, Palaeontologische Mittheilung, 2(1):
187-268.
Sliter, W.V., 1968. Upper Cretaceous foraminifera from
southern California and northwestern Baja California,
Mexico. University of Kansas Paleontological
Contributions, Lawrence Kansas, 49(7), 141 pp.
Spezzaferri, S. & Ćorić, S., 2001. Ecology of Karpatian
(Early Miocene) foraminifera and calcareous
nannoplankton from Laa an der Thaya, Lower
Austria: a statistical approach. Geologica Carpathica,
200(6): 361-374.
Spiegler, D., 1974. Biostratigraphie des Tertiärs zwischen
Elbe und Weser/Aller (Benthische Foraminiferen,
Oligo-Miozän). Jahrbuch der Geologischen
Bundesanstalt 16: 27-69.
Stewart, R.E. & Stewart, K.C., 1930. Post-Miocene
foraminifera from the Ventura Quadrangle, Ventura
County, California. Journal of Paleontology, 4(1): 60-
72.
Stoltz, K., 1925. Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Septarientons
im nördlichen Vogelsberg. Notizblatt des Vereins für
Erdkunde und der hessischen Geologischen
Landesanstalt zu Darmstadt, 5(7), 170 pp.
Sztrákos, K., 1979. La Stratigraphie, Paléoécologie,
Paléogéographie et les Foraminiféres de L’Oligocéne
du Nord-Est de la Hongrie. Cahiers de
Micropaléontologie, 3, 166 pp.
Verdenius, J.G. & van Hinte, J.E., 1983. Central
Norwegian-Greenland Sea: Tertiary arenaceous
foraminifera, biostratigraphy and environment.
Proceedings of the First Workshop Arenaceous
Foraminifera, 7-9 Sept. 1981, Continental Shelf
Institute Publication, 108: 173-224.
Wade, B.S., Pearson, P., Berggren, W.A. & Pälike, H.,
2011. Review and revision of Cenozoic tropical
planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and
calibration to the geomagnetic polarity and
astronomical time scale. Earth-Science Reviews, 104:
111–142.
Williamson, W.C., 1848. On the Recent British species of
the genus Lagena. Annals and Magazine of Natural
History, 2(1); 1-20.
Williamson, W.C., 1858. On the recent foraminifera of
Great Britain. The Royal Society, London, 20: 1-107