Tankers’ transit route trough the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish deep-water route. Tankers’ transit route trough the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish

Tankers’ transit route trough

the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish deep-water route.

Tankers’ transit route trough

the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish deep-water route.

MARITIME OFFICE IN SZCZECINMARITIME OFFICE IN SZCZECIN

Presented by Joanna RysiewiczPresented by Joanna Rysiewicz

Tankers’ transit routes trough the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish deep-water route.

Baltic SeaBaltic Sea

By the Helcom and Marpol 73/78, the Baltic By the Helcom and Marpol 73/78, the Baltic

Sea Area is defined as:Sea Area is defined as: By the Helcom and Marpol 73/78, the Baltic By the Helcom and Marpol 73/78, the Baltic

Sea Area is defined as:Sea Area is defined as: The Baltic Sea Proper, with: the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the entrance to the Baltic Sea bounded by

Skaw in the Skagerrak at 57º44,8' North, it is almost totally enclosed by land, only

connected to the North Sea by narrow and shallow straits around Denmark and Sweden.

The Baltic Sea Proper, with: the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the entrance to the Baltic Sea bounded by

Skaw in the Skagerrak at 57º44,8' North, it is almost totally enclosed by land, only

connected to the North Sea by narrow and shallow straits around Denmark and Sweden.

Number of main ports by countryNumber of main ports by country in the Baltic Sea region in the Baltic Sea region::

Number of main ports by countryNumber of main ports by country in the Baltic Sea region in the Baltic Sea region::

SwedenSweden - 50 Finland - 60 Denmark - 60 Germany - 7 Poland - 3

SwedenSweden - 50 Finland - 60 Denmark - 60 Germany - 7 Poland - 3


Ports have a significant meaning whichdepend on number of calls.

Calls by country and type of vesselin second half of 1998.

Ports have a significant meaning whichdepend on number of calls.

Calls by country and type of vesselin second half of 1998.


Bulk Tank Gas G C Cont. Reefer Ro ro Ferry Others TOTALSweden 446 3002 241 8382 648 83 1831 245 45 14923Finland 362 1128 53 3904 374 10 2086 384 5 8306Russia 240 411 1 2291 179 267 143 323 17 3872Estonia 104 531 1 1711 60 34 142 22 0 2605Lativia 357 490 53 1969 67 58 237 63 3 3297Lithuania 168 118 0 929 17 86 146 110 1 1575Poland 478 707 55 2544 168 166 230 48 10 4406Germany 197 388 10 2601 20 12 955 356 5 4544Denmark 653 2100 85 6642 480 91 967 213 45 11276Total 3005 8875 499 30973 2013 807 6737 1764 131 54804

SwedenFinlandDanmark

SwedenFinlandDanmark

Calls by countries

27%

15%

7%5%6%3%

8%

8%

21%

Sweden

Finland

Russia

Estonia

Lativia

Lithuania

Poland

Germany

Denmark

AAs coastal states:s coastal states:


dominating traffic, accounting for 63 % of the all calls in Baltic Region.

dominating traffic, accounting for 63 % of the all calls in Baltic Region.

Farther analysis showsFarther analysis shows::Farther analysis showsFarther analysis shows::

After general cargo vessels second dominanting type of vessel within Baltic sea region are oil tankers.

After general cargo vessels second dominanting type of vessel within Baltic sea region are oil tankers.

Calls by type of vessel

0,9%

56,5%

1,5%12,3%

16,2%

5,5%

3,7%

3,2%0,2%

Bulk

Tank

Gas

G C

Container

Reefer

Ro ro

Ferry

Others


Most important countries Most important countries with oil tankers callswith oil tankers calls::

Most important countries Most important countries with oil tankers callswith oil tankers calls::

Sweden 34 %Denmark 17 %Finland 13 %

Sweden 34 %Denmark 17 %Finland 13 %

Calls by the selected countries for tankers

34%

13%8%4%

24%

17% Sweden

Finland

Poland

Germany

Denmark

others


Oil transport accounted for 64% within the Baltic sea region

Oil transport accounted for 64% within the Baltic sea region

Baltic Ports with more than 500 calls, Baltic Ports with more than 500 calls, between July and December 1998.between July and December 1998.

Baltic Ports with more than 500 calls, Baltic Ports with more than 500 calls, between July and December 1998.between July and December 1998.


Number Numberof calls of calls

Gothenburg 2565 Helsinborg 705Norrköping 777 Halmstad 605Brofjorden 725 Malmö 595Gãvle 580Helsingforst 1288 Hamina 655Kotka 969 Rauma 612

Russia St. Petersburg 2588 Kaliningrad 723Estonia Tallinn 1085 Muuga 642Lativia Riga 1983 Ventspils 827Lithuania Klaipeda 1575

Szczecin 1503 Gdynia 1203Gdańsk 1101Rostock 1332 Kiel 721Lübeck 1299Copenhagen 1725 Alborg 859Aarhus 1398 Kalundborg 656Fredericia 885

Finland

Poland

Germany

Denmark

Country Port / terminal Port / terminal

Sweden

Source: SAI/LVRSource: SAI/LVR

Since the beginning of the 1990 there is Since the beginning of the 1990 there is increase in maritime transport.increase in maritime transport.

Since the beginning of the 1990 there is Since the beginning of the 1990 there is increase in maritime transport.increase in maritime transport.

It has been growing steadily, reflecting the intensified cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and a prospering economy.

The trade and exchange of goods between eastern and western Europe are increasing tremendously.

More than 500 milion tonnes of cargo are transported across the Baltic Sea each year.

More then 50 passanger ferries ply routes between Baltic ports.

It has been growing steadily, reflecting the intensified cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and a prospering economy.

The trade and exchange of goods between eastern and western Europe are increasing tremendously.

More than 500 milion tonnes of cargo are transported across the Baltic Sea each year.

More then 50 passanger ferries ply routes between Baltic ports.


Till 2010 the sea transport via the Till 2010 the sea transport via the

Baltic Sea is estimated to double!Baltic Sea is estimated to double! Till 2010 the sea transport via the Till 2010 the sea transport via the

Baltic Sea is estimated to double!Baltic Sea is estimated to double!


more ship accidents;

more probable marine pollution;

growing emission of sulphure dioxide from ships;

growing risk of accidents causing marine oil spill;

more ship accidents;

more probable marine pollution;

growing emission of sulphure dioxide from ships;

growing risk of accidents causing marine oil spill;

Accidents onAccidents on

Baltic Sea region. Baltic Sea region.

Accidents onAccidents on

Baltic Sea region. Baltic Sea region.

Main causes:

groundings;collisions;

They mostly occured near:

port areas;narrow straits;

Human element contributing to over 80 % marine incidents.

Main causes:

groundings;collisions;

They mostly occured near:

port areas;narrow straits;

Human element contributing to over 80 % marine incidents.


Accidents on Baltic Sea region statistics:Accidents on Baltic Sea region statistics:Accidents on Baltic Sea region statistics:Accidents on Baltic Sea region statistics:

Over a period 1989 - 1999 there were 251 accidents and every fifth resulting in en outflow of more than 100 tonnes of oil.

The total number of ship accidents accured in 2000 and 2001 was 119.

Total amount of oil polution in 2000-2001 is about 2 750 m3 coused by ship accidents (during the „Baltic Carrier” and „Tern” accidents - 2 500 m3).

Over a period 1989 - 1999 there were 251 accidents and every fifth resulting in en outflow of more than 100 tonnes of oil.

The total number of ship accidents accured in 2000 and 2001 was 119.

Total amount of oil polution in 2000-2001 is about 2 750 m3 coused by ship accidents (during the „Baltic Carrier” and „Tern” accidents - 2 500 m3).


Oil transport till 2010 is estimated to double, compared to 1995 (if all existing plans to expand existing oil terminals and build new ones are carried out).

Risk of grounding and collision with oil spill result is estimated to 1 per 2 500 journeys.

Accidents durling harbour calls is estimated to 3.52 per year with 693 tons of oil spill.

About 70% of marine oil spills occur in ports.

Oil transport till 2010 is estimated to double, compared to 1995 (if all existing plans to expand existing oil terminals and build new ones are carried out).

Risk of grounding and collision with oil spill result is estimated to 1 per 2 500 journeys.

Accidents durling harbour calls is estimated to 3.52 per year with 693 tons of oil spill.

About 70% of marine oil spills occur in ports.


According to the scientists:According to the scientists:According to the scientists:According to the scientists:

The Baltic Sea has high rankThe Baltic Sea has high rank in terms of risk becouse of: in terms of risk becouse of:

The Baltic Sea has high rankThe Baltic Sea has high rank in terms of risk becouse of: in terms of risk becouse of:

a high frequency of ships movement; presents of particular navigation difficulties; restricted sea-room; shallow water depths; choke points for traffic; the lenght of time to undertake a passage through a

particular hazard; departure from the planned track will quickly put the

vessel into a hazardous situation; sensitive environment;

a high frequency of ships movement; presents of particular navigation difficulties; restricted sea-room; shallow water depths; choke points for traffic; the lenght of time to undertake a passage through a

particular hazard; departure from the planned track will quickly put the

vessel into a hazardous situation; sensitive environment;


Risk reduction measures on Risk reduction measures on Baltic Sea region:Baltic Sea region:

Risk reduction measures on Risk reduction measures on Baltic Sea region:Baltic Sea region:

PilotageVTSTowageWell-recogniced operating proceduresImmediate responce measures

PilotageVTSTowageWell-recogniced operating proceduresImmediate responce measures


Each measure, which can help to Each measure, which can help to reduce the risk and probability of the reduce the risk and probability of the

accident should be analyzedaccident should be analyzed

Each measure, which can help to Each measure, which can help to reduce the risk and probability of the reduce the risk and probability of the

accident should be analyzedaccident should be analyzed

ROUTE IS SEEN AS A POSITIVE MEAN

TO REDUCE RISK

ROUTE IS SEEN AS A POSITIVE MEAN

TO REDUCE RISK


Let’s have a question:Let’s have a question:whywhy ? ?


provide deeper water; safety depths; more sea – room; well-ordered traffic; decreases navigational dificulty for mariners; separation small crafts and fishing vessels from

merchant ships; higher standards of care for marine environment;

provide deeper water; safety depths; more sea – room; well-ordered traffic; decreases navigational dificulty for mariners; separation small crafts and fishing vessels from

merchant ships; higher standards of care for marine environment;


intensify the existing preventive measures; possibility to compare relative risk between

different part of route; easier way to ensure and adequate emergency

towage and salvage capacity; short time period to conduct the assistance

response; easy identification the parts with highest risk

(oil spill, navigation);

intensify the existing preventive measures; possibility to compare relative risk between

different part of route; easier way to ensure and adequate emergency

towage and salvage capacity; short time period to conduct the assistance

response; easy identification the parts with highest risk

(oil spill, navigation);




Ideal risk reduction strategies Ideal risk reduction strategies are those implemented with are those implemented with

minimum cost or effortminimum cost or effort

Ideal risk reduction strategies Ideal risk reduction strategies are those implemented with are those implemented with

minimum cost or effortminimum cost or effort

One of the proposition could be the recomended way only displayed

in the sea charts

One of the proposition could be the recomended way only displayed

in the sea charts


Polish proposal.

To establish a recommended deep-water route

for oil tankers north from the Bornholm.

Polish proposal.




More protection from sea & weather.

Short distance to coastline – better possibility to check position.

Short distance to coastline give chance to promt emergency towage or salvage capacity.

A lot of main ports or ports of refuge in Sweden, Denmark and Finland coasts.

More protection from sea & weather.

Short distance to coastline – better possibility to check position.

Short distance to coastline give chance to promt emergency towage or salvage capacity.

A lot of main ports or ports of refuge in Sweden, Denmark and Finland coasts.


Polish proposal.



Polish proposal.



Shortest distance to and from entrance to Gulf of Finland.

Avoided passing oil tankers syndrom.

Less costs of surveys.

By world standards the Swedish, Denmark & Finland coast generate sufficient marine traffic to produce serious congestion, the route will be one of the best measure to improve safety in this area.

Shortest distance to and from entrance to Gulf of Finland.

Avoided passing oil tankers syndrom.

Less costs of surveys.

By world standards the Swedish, Denmark & Finland coast generate sufficient marine traffic to produce serious congestion, the route will be one of the best measure to improve safety in this area.

FINIFINI


Documents

Tankers’ transit route trough the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish deep-water route. Tankers’ transit route trough the end of Kadetrenden to the Swedish