T10-Educational Video Production-Final-.docx

8/14/2019 T10-Educational Video Production-Final-.docx

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EDU3105 T10- EDUCATIONAL VIDEO PRODUCTION

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TOPIC10 EDUCATIONAL VIDEO PRODUCTION

SYNOPSIS

This topic explains the basic parts and functions of the various types of video

cameras and accessories. Furthermore, this topic will explain the practices

and techniques of filming and video production. Method of creating storyboard

will also be described. Video editing and video production are also described.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

By implementing the learning activities, hopefully the teacher will be able to:

i. Explain the basis and function of analog and digital video cameras, as well

as its basic accessories;

ii. Explain the practices and techniques of filming and video production;

iii. Produce a storyboard for teaching purposes;

iv. Apply technical skills and basic video production in teaching and learning.

TOPIC FRAMEWORK

10.1 Video in Teaching and Learning

10.2 Types of Video Camera

10.3 Planning Educational Video Production

10.4 Editing Videos

Think

Why is video production important in producing instructional materials?

10.1 Video in Teaching and Learning

Video is a type of moving media. It can produce images that are realistic and

beneficial in the delivery of messages to the audience. In the process of


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teaching and learning, every teacher should realize the benefits of video in the

classroom.

Apart from the ability to show moving images, such as capturing a running

leopard, this media can be speed up or slow down. The fast motion of the

leopard can be slowed down by the slow motion technique or freeze.

Have you seen flowers bloosoming in television shows? To see real flowers

grow would take a long time. But, by using time interval recording technique,

the bloosoming process can be shortened. Thus, pupils do not have to wait

long to see flowers growing in real situation.

Video is also able to bring in events that occur outside of the classroom or

dangerous events such as volcanic eruptions. It is impossible to bring the

students to see a volcanic eruption in the eventual situation.

Video has the ability to record video images near and distant. This means that

video can manipulate space. The movement of blood cells in the body can be

seen by the students, while the students can see long-distance space.

Time and space can also be manipulated through animation. This technique

requires a bit of skill to produce movements that normally would be attractive

to students interest towards learning?

After reading about the advantages of the video, you may be tempted to

produce our own video material for teaching and learning. Nevertheless,

before you starting filming work, its better for us to know about some aspects

of video production. In the next section you will be explained about the type of

camera and video recorder.

10.2 Types of Video Camera

You may have seen people using portable video camera in occasions such as

weddings, birthdays or social activities. In other situations you may come


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across journalists with video camera on their shoulder. You might be

wondering what is the difference between both video camera other than

different sizes. Actually there are two main formats of video camera: analog

video cameras and digital video cameras.

10.2.1 Analog video camera

This kind of video cameras capture images and store them in analog form.

This camera uses magnetic tape in a variety video cassette format, such as

VHS, VHS-C, Hi 8 and U-matic. Size of this cassette vary and can only be

played on a suitable video player.

Diagram 1.1 : Analog Video Camera that use VHS video cassette

Think

How do images captured using analog video camera can be transferred to

digital form?

10.2.2 Kamera video digital

This kind of video cameras capture images and store them in digital form.

This camera uses small size video cassettes, usually in the DVC (Digital


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Video Cassette) format. This video camera can be connected directly to the

computer using a FireWire cable. Image can be edited using video editing

software.

Diagram 1.2 : Kamera Video Digital (DVC)

Think

Discuss with your partner about benefits of using analog video camera and

digital video camera.

10.2.3 Basic parts of a video camera

Before you use a video camera, you should be able to recognize the basicparts of a video Reddish. Please refer to the picture below and try to identify

the function of these parts.


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Diagram 1.3 : Parts of video camera

Diagram 1.4 : The recording button

10.3 Types of shot and camera movement

While watching television, we can see image changes and camera

movement. There are times when an image is taken from a short distance and

at times were from afar. There were times when the camera moves from left

to right or vice versa. Look at how the position of the camera when people are

Butang rakam

Lensa

Butang Zoom

Pemidang Tilik Pelekap mata

Butan White balanceGelan Fokus


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talking or chatting. All these changes have to do with shot types and camera

movement.

10.3.1 Types of shot

Diagram 1.5:Types of shot

Big Close-Up(B.C.U.) Close-Up(C.U.)

Bust Shot(B.S.) Waist Shot(W.S.)

Knee Shot(K.S.) Full Length Shot(F.L.S.)

Long Shot(L.S.)


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Diagram 1.5 : Types of shot


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10.3.2 Types of camera movement

Diagram 1.6 shows some of the types of camera movement.

Panright PanleftPanning

Tilt Up Tilt Down

Til t ing

Dol ly

Dolly In Dolly Out


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Diagram 1.6 : Camera movement

Exercise

Watch some television shows such as news, documentaries, drama or forum.

Compare the pictures in the above figures with the types of shots and camera

movements in the programmes. What are the effect of panning, tilting, dolly

and trucking ruck to the image formed?

Trucking

Truckright Truckleft


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10.3 Planning Educational Video Production

There are several processes that must be followed when designing video

production for teaching. Here are the sequence of the process.

1

2

3

4

5


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Preparingvideo script and storyboard

You have been through the experience of producing the audio script. Actually

the process of preparing audio and video script are the same. There is little

difference in terms of format. Look at the example of video script below. Can

you make a difference?


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Think

Examine the video script needs through examples. Can you

provide a script? Just think of an appropriate title in the subject of

your options. Create a video script length between 5 to 10 minutes.

Show your results to the lecturer during tutorial sessions and

discuss them with your friends.

10.4 Editing Video

Think

Why do you need to edit a video that you have recorded?

While you are shooting, there is possibility the recordings were not made in

the proper order. There is also possibility that the recording are too long, or

not related to the overall plan. Through the process of editing, recording

materials can be rearranged to produce a more smooth and perfect video.

Editing analog video

Analog video editing requires editing machine. But this does not mean that

without editing machine you can not do the job. Actually, editing work is easy

and cheap. All you need is a video player, a video recorder and two television

set. Both need to be connected. Linear video editing is a video editing post-

production process of selecting, arranging and modifying images and sound in

a predetermined, ordered sequence. Regardless whether captured by a video

camera, tapeless camcorder, recorded in a television studio on a video tape

recorder (VTR) the content must be accessed sequentially.Please see the


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picture below and try to make the connection by using the facilities available

in your school.

Gambar 1.7 : Perakam video

Cara-Cara Membuat Penyambungan Kabel

Gambar 1.8 : Cara membuat penyambungan kabel

Apakah perbezaan di antara pemain dan perakam video?Pemain video dan perakam video adalah sama. Perbezaannya ialahperakam video boleh merakam video. Ini boleh dikenalpasti dengankehadiran butang Recordyang biasanya berwarna merah.

Butang Rakaman(Record)

A = audioV =video

Butang pegun(Pause/ Still)

VA

in

out

A V

in

out

Kabel

AV

PemainPerakam

TV

A V

in

out

inout

TV

A V

Butang pegun

(Pause/ Still)


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Diagram 1.9 : Kabel AV

The process of editing starts with play a video player by pressing the Record

button on the recorder unit. To edit a section that is not required, press the

Pause button on the recorder unit and search for parts to be included in the

player unit. Then press the Record on the recorder unit to continue recording.

Editing digital video

There are several processes in digital video editing:

1. CAPTURE

Capture is a process of transferring videos, photos or image from amemory storage (MiniDV or MicroSD) into the computer harddisk.

2. EDITING FROM THE SOURCE

a. Editing process is done to cut, removed or retained some video clips. In

this process, disconnection and reconnection occurs

b. Cuts

There are two types of cutting files in editing: cutting and transition. Cutmeans the movement from one shot to the next shot directly, with notransition at all. Cut is divided into two ways:

i. creative cut - continuity between shots of the cut shot next

ii. cut away - a connection or cut is influenced by several factors.

c. Continuity

i. When the shot is connected with one another as to form a network,then the network should be understood. Editing is done based onthe principle of connectivity shot, which consists of sequence shots,cutting to continuity, classical cutting, thematic montage, andabstract cutting.


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ii. Sequence Shot types of edits without cutting off shots. Videofootage has been planned according to the sequential scenes.This method is used during the existence of editing technology.

iii. Cutt ing to Cont inuity- connection or cut is used to continue

telling the story.

iv. Classical Cutt ing- cutting to clarify, dramatize or underline theprevious shot.

v. Thematic Montage - cutting to connect one story to another;

cutting to argue one thesis to another.

3. EDITING IN TIMELINE

If there are parts still need to be removed, do the process by using a lotof tools for editing clips in the timeline as below:

i. Razor Tool: Cutting clip

ii Move Tool: Selecting Clips

iii Rate Stretch Tool: Sets the speed of the rotary clip

4. ADDING EFFECT

The clips are in the timeline can be given additional effects to make itmore interesting.

5. ADDING TRANSITION

Transition process is done so that the addition of two or more clips

become more refined

6. RENDERING VIDEO

This process is the last step after all modifications have been made.

The material will be edited by undergoing rendering settings such as

setting video format type.


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Exercise

Edit a recording from any source such as news, documentary or drama for

any appropriate topic in teaching the subject of your option. Discuss your

experience when making edits work in tutorial sessions with lecturers and

peers.

CONCLUSION

Mastering of basic skills and techniques for movie recording using a video

camera, whether analog or digital, allows the creation of teaching and learning

materials more interesting. Recording editing work using applications such as

WMM, VCD Cutter and video editing using Ulead VideoStudio 8, Pinnacle 11,

Adobe Premier will produce work like a professional

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T10-Educational Video Production-Final-.docx