SWAN1800V BS Commissioning Manual V1.01

8/9/2019 SWAN1800V BS Commissioning Manual V1.01

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Version1.01(Cver2.02)

Commissioning

ManualBase station System Section

Proprietary

Copyright Beijing Xinwei Telecom Technology Co., LTD

All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is

prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

Beijing Xinwei Telecom Technology Co., LTD

Add: No.7 Building Zhongguancun Software Park, No.8 Dongbeiwang West Road,Haidian District,

Beijing P.R.CHINA

Telephone:86-10-62802288

Fax: 86-10-62802299

Http: www.xinwei.com.cn

SCDMA Integrated Wireless Access System
http://www.xinwei.com.cn/http://www.xinwei.com.cn/


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Revision History

Date Revision/Version Author Comments


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Contents

ContentsChapter 1 System Overview ..................................................................................................................1

1.1 Components of BTS ...................................................................................................................11.2 Description of Basic Modules ....................................................................................................2

Chapter 2 Commissioning Procedure ..................................................................................................4

2.1 Commissioning Flowchart .........................................................................................................4

2.2 Description of Commissioning Procedure .................................................................................4

Chapter 3 Hardware Test ......................................................................................................................5

3.1 Hardware Structure ....................................................................................................................5

3.2 Elementary Function Test ...........................................................................................................53.2.1 RFB .................................................................................................................................5

3.2.2 SYN ..................................................................................................................................6

3.2.3 MDM ............................................................................................................................ ...73.2.4 VCC .................................................................................................................................7

3.2.5 CLU .................................................................................................................................9

3.2.6 BP ..................................................................................................................................103.2.7 NBP ........................................................................................................................... ....11

3.2.8 CON ........................................................................................................................ ......13

3.2.9 TTA .............................................................................................................................. ..133.2.10 Antenna Feeder ...........................................................................................................15

3.3 BTS TEST ................................................................................................................................163.3.1 Power-on Test .......................................................................................................... .....16

3.3.2 Normal Working Status Check ......................................................................................16

Chapter 4 Data Configuration ............................................................................................................17

4.1 Configure BTS Data .................................................................................................................17

4.1.1 Listing BTSs ............................................................................................................... ...17

4.1.2 Adding a BTS ....................................................................................................... .........174.1.3 Modifying E1 Board Number ........................................................................................18

4.1.4 Modifying E1 Link Number .............................................................................. ............18

4.2 Configuring BTS Parameters ...................................................................................................19

4.2.1 Adding Filter Type ...................................................................................................... ..194.2.2 Setting BTS Antenna Attributes ............................................................................. .......19

4.2.3 Configuring BTS Background Noise Alarm Parameters ..............................................20

4.2.4 Configuring Parameter For Checking BS Jam ............................................................214.2.5 Configuring LAI Parameters ........................................................................................21

4.3 Configuring GPS Data .............................................................................................................22

4.4 Configuring Calibration Data ...................................................................................................234.4.1 Generating Calibration File .........................................................................................23

4.4.2 Loading Calibration Data ...................................................................................... ......24

4.4.3 Calibrating Manually ............................................................................................. ......25

4.4.4 Querying Calibration Data ..................................................................................... .....25

Chapter 5 Commissioning and Test ....................................................................................................27

5.1 BTS Commissioning ................................................................................................................275.1.1 Preparations before Power-on .............................................................................. .......275.1.2 Starting BTS ..................................................................................................................27

5.1.3 Calibrating BTS ......................................................................................................... ...27

5.1.4 Synchronization between BTSs ................................................................................... ..28

5.2 Call Test ....................................................................................................................................295.2.1 Call Connection Duration Test .....................................................................................29

5.2.2 Call Quality Test ...........................................................................................................29

5.2.3 Call Function Test .........................................................................................................295.2.4 Call Success Ratio Test .................................................................................................30

5.3 Coverage and Handoff Test ......................................................................................................305.3.1 Coverage Test ................................................................................................................30

5.3.2 Handover Test .......................................................................................................... .....30

Figure 1-1 Connections between components of the BTS.....................................................................1

Figure 1-2 Board layout in BTS...............................................................................................................1

BEIJING XINWEI TELECOM TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD

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Chapter 1 System Overview


1.1 Components of BTS

The CW95-18 BTS mainly consists of antenna array (including lightning filter), tower top

amplifier (TTA), nine feeders, GPS antenna, and BTS chassis (including GPS module). Figure 1-1

shows the connections between these components.

Figure 1-1 Connections between components of the BTSThe BTS consists of four radio frequency boards (RFBs) & one synthesized radio frequency board

(SYN), one modulation & demodulation module (MDM), one vocoder card (VCC), one control logic

unit (CLU), one tower top amplifier connection board (CON), one backplane (BP), and one new

backplane (NBP). Figure 1-2 shows four RFBs, MDM, VCC, CLU, and CON from left to right in the

rack.

Figure 1-2 Board layout in BTS


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Figure 1-3 shows the rear view of the rack of the CW95-18 BTS. The SYN is installed on the back

of the BTS chassis and fixed on the BP. The SYN overlaps the BP and is located on the right side in

Figure 1-3. The SYN does not completely overlap the BP. The new backplane (NBP) is on the left in

the figure below.

Figure 1-3 Board layout on backplane of BTS

1.2 Description of Basic Modules

1 RFB: There are four RFBs. Each RFB consists of two RF transceivers. The RFB accomplishes the

conversion between digital base-band signals and analog RF signals, realizes TDD of RF signalsthrough a receiving-transmitting control switch, and provides a calibration channel for each RF

channel.

2 MDM: The MDM is the core part of the BTS. The MDM accomplishes the physical layer signal

processing function and the physical layer signaling function.

3 VCC: The VCC realizes the functions of voice encoding and decoding (providing 32 voice

channels), DTMF detection, and echo cancellation.

4 CLU: The CLU accomplishes the data link layer and network layer signaling function over the airinterface and the interface signaling (SAbis) function on the network side. It also controls the

BTS. The CLU contains a switching matrix that accomplishes the switching processing in the

BTS.

5 SYN: The SYN provides RF local oscillator signals and intermediate frequency (IF) local

oscillator signals for the RFB to realize the receiving-transmitting calibration of each RF channel.


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Figure 1-4 Hardware structure of BTS


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Chapter 2 Commissioning Procedure

Chapter 2 Commissioning Procedure

2.1 Commissioning Flowchart

Start

Hardware test

Description of indicators

and keys on board

Jumper and switch

settings on board

BTS Commissioning Manual

BTS Information Record

Power-on test

Add LAI

Configure BTS parameters

Data

configuration

Power supply check

Check operation status of

BTS

Check system connection

Commissioning

End

Make call tests

Make signal coverage and

handoff tests

Commissioning report

Configure GPS data

Configure

calibration data

Put the BTS into operation

Figure 2-5 Commissioning flowchart

2.2 Description of Commissioning Procedure

The above commissioning procedure applies to 1800MHz SCDMA wireless BTS.

The hardware test is mainly to describe indicators and keys and to set jumpers and switches

on boards. The power-on test is mainly to check the power supply, system connection, and operation

status of the BTS.

The data configuration is mainly to configure commissioning data of the BTS.

The commissioning mainly includes call tests, signal coverage tests, and handoff tests.


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Chapter 3 Hardware Test


3.1 Hardware Structure

As shown in Figure 3-6 each BTS contains the following eleven circuit boards:

A BP, a NBP, a SYN, Four RFBs, a MDM, a VCC, a CLU and a CON with a GPS module

Figure 3-6 BTS configuration

3.2 Elementary Function Test

3.2.1 RFB

3.2.1.1 Basic Functions

The RFB is the interface part between the BTS and the antenna & feeder system. The RFB

accomplishes the A/D and D/A conversion between digital base-band signals and RF signals,modulation and demodulation of digital base-band signals and RF signals. Each BTS contains four

same RFBs. Two RF transceivers are designed for each RFB. The FRB is the key part of the BTS and

its performance determines the communication quality of the whole wireless communication system.

The RFB has the following basic functions:

A/D and D/A conversion between digital base-band signals and analog base-band signals.

Providing RF receiving channels, including low noise amplification, down conversion, IF

processing, I/Q demodulation, and analog low-pass filtering.

Providing RF transmitting channels, including analog low-pass, I/Q modulation, IF

processing, up conversion, and RF power amplification.

Providing calibration channels.

Realizing the receiving and transmitting control of the TDD.


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3.2.1.2 Test Description

3.2.1.2.1 Description of indicators and keys:

CH0-I and CH0-Q: If the DSP of channel 0 runs normally, these two green indicators flash.

CH1-I and CH1-Q: If the DSP of channel 1 runs normally, these two green indicators flash.

POWER1: If the output voltage of the +5V power module is normal, this yellow indicatoris on.

POWER2: If the output voltage of the -5V power module is normal, this yellow indicator

is on.

3.2.1.2.2 DIP switch:

The following illustrates how to use the DIP switch on the RFB:

Only the first four positions are valid and they respectively represent an attenuation of 1dB, 2dB,

4dB, and 8dB. Set these four positions of the DIP switch according to the actual attenuation on site so

that the cable attenuation can reach 8dB.

Figure 3-7 DIP switch

For example, if the cable attenuation is 4dB, the attenuation needs to reach 8dB through the DIPswitch. Operation: Set the first and third positions of the DIP switch to the opposition to ON. That is,

the attenuation of the attenuator is 5dB.

3.2.1.2.3 Two feeder interfaces

SMA connector, connected to the antenna and feeder system.

3.2.2 SYN


The SYN provides two same channels of RF local oscillator signals and one channel of IF local

oscillator signals for the four RFBs and realizes the automatic calibration of the RF transmitting and

receiving channels


IFLO, RFLO_R, and RFLO_T of the SYN are connected to the IFLO, FLO_R, and RFLO_T

of the BP.

CAL_OUT2 of the SYN is connected to the rear interface A9 of the chassis, and CAL_OUT1

is not used.

Jumpers of JP5 are connected and other jumpers are disconnected.


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3.2.3 MDM


The MDM, serving as the system control and data processing unit of the BTS, plays a very

important role in performances and functions. The MDM accomplishes complicated digital base-band

signal processing functions, including smart antenna technology, digital modulation and demodulation,

and physical layer signaling processing. The MDM also controls the time sequence and logics of the

SYN, the RFB, and the VCC to form the bottom layer platform of the BTS. The MCU on the MDM is

responsible for processing the frame structure and messages at the physical layer and data link layer of

the air interface. In addition, the MDM provides an interface through which the MDM exchanges

signaling with the CLU and downloads realtime processing information.



RESET: RESET key. If you press this key, the MDM and the VCC are reset, but the CLU is

not.

ALARM: ALARM indicator. When an alarm occurs to the MDM, this indicator is on.

RUN: RUN indicator. When the MDM works normally, the RUN indicator flashes.

HDLC: Indicator indicating the communication between 68360 on the MDM and 68360 on

the CLU. When the communication is normal, the indicator flashes.

MDM-A: Digital signal processing chip DSP 1 (SHARC-A). When the chip works normally,

the indicator flashes.

MDM-B: Digital signal processing chip DSP2 (SHARC-B). When the chip works normally,

the indicator flashes.

AUX-A: Standby interface

AUX-B: Standby interface

POWER: POWER indicator. When the power supply is normal, the indicator is on.

3.2.3.2.2 Description of jumpers

J1: 2 connected to 3; J2: 2 connected to 3; J26 connected; J27 connected; J25 disconnected.

MDM in Link Boot mode (The MDM uses only one program chip U1, instead of U18 and

U19): J5 connected and J6 disconnected.

MDM in EPROM Boot mode (The MDM uses the three program chips U1, U18, and U19):

J6 connected and J5 disconnected.

3.2.3.2.3 External interface

J17 and J18: parallel interface of data collection.

3.2.4 VCC


The VCC is responsible for conversion between encoded voice signals transferred over the air

interface and encoded voice signals in the fixed line (for example, PSTN) telephone transmission

system, and providing interfaces. The major functions include the following:

Encoding downlink voice signals


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Decoding uplink voice signals

Echo cancellation

DTMF detection and generation


VCCxx: The indicator is on when the voice channel is occupied. (xx represents channel 1 to

30)

POWER: POWER indicator. When the power supply is normal, the POWER indicator is on.

RESET: RESET key. When you press the RESET key, the VCC is reset.

The jumper between X27 and X29 is connected.

The other jumpers are disconnected.

3.2.4.3 Description of jumpers

3.2.4.3.1 Description of JTAG jumpers

6 Reset signal of JTAG interface/ TRST pull down resistor description

Suggestion: pin 2 of X23 connect to pin4 of X23. Detail operation refer to Figure 3-8.7 TCK signal of JTAG interface pull down resistor description

Suggestion : pin 11 of X23 connect to pin 12 of X23. Detail operation refer to Figure 3-8

X4

Power Module

X5 X6 X7 X9 X10 X11

9

7

5

3

1

11 12

10

8

6

4

2

13 14

2

1

2 2

1

3

2 2

1

3 3

2

3

1

2

1

3

1

3

1

3

X23

1 2 3

1 2 3

X19

X18

Figure 3-8 Jumper Plan Sketch of BTS_VCCH02.01.03BTS_VCCH02.01.04

3.2.4.3.2 JTAG interface of D3 chip

Suggestion for Jumper group (including X4, X5, X6, X7, X9, X10 and X11) of

BTS_VCCH02.01.03~BTS_VCCH02.01.09: must switch the jumper to up, i.e. pin 1 must connect to

pin 2 of each jumper. Field work refer to Figure 3-8

3.2.4.3.3 Suggestion for other jumpers of VCC board

X18: switch to left, i.e. pin 1 connect to pin 2.

X19: switch to left, i.e. pin 1 connect to pin 2.


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X1, X2, X3, X12, X13, X14, X16 and X17: must be disconnected (without connector).

X24 and X25: must be disconnected (without jumper connector).

X15: must be disconnected (without jumper connector).

X20 and X22: must be disconnected (without jumper connector).

3.2.5 CLU


The CLU is the master controller of the BTS. The major functions include the following:

System management such as channel resource management and clock synchronization

management.

Call handling such as incoming/outgoing call connection and call progress status

maintenance.

Sabis signaling interface function.

Sum network layer signaling processing.

Providing E1 interface between the BTS and the BSC/PSTN.



RESET: RESET key. When you press this key, the whole system is reset.

E1-ALM: When the E1 cable is not connected or the E1 cable is faulty, the red indicator is

on.

RUN: RUN indicator. When the program runs normally, the indicator is on.

HDLC: Indicator indicating the communication between 68360 on the CLU and 68360 on the

MDM. When the communication is normal, the indicator flashes.

MFC: multiple frequency control indicator.

NMC: NM alarm indicator. When the indicator flashes, the communication between the BTS

and the NMS is normal. Otherwise, the NM computer is shut down, or the NM program is

terminated, or something exceptional occurs.

POWER: POWER indicator. When the power supply is normal, the indicator is on.

3.2.5.2.2 Description of DIP switch

8 Correct settings of DIP switch:

In the V5, the DIP switches are set as shown in Figure 3-9.


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Figure 3-9 Settings of DIP switch

9 Ensure that the E1 output level DIP switches of the BTS are set as follows:

In the V5, S2-1 is OFF. S4-1 and S4-2 are ON.

In the R2, S2-1 is OFF. S4-1 and S4-2 are OFF.

3.2.5.2.3 Description of jumpers

TP1, TP12, and TP13: 2 is connected to 3 and other jumpers are disconnected.

3.2.6 BP


The BP provides power supply and ground for boards in the BTS chassis and connects

signals between boards.

The BP transfers status signals of boards and control signals from MONITOR, MDM_DBG,

X_RAY and NMC to the computer.

The BP provides synchronization control signals (10ms synchronization signal and TDD

mode).

The BP connects E1 cables.

The BP provides interfaces between circuit boards, including four slots for RFBs, one sloteach for the MDM, the VCC, and the CLU, one slot for the SYN, three interfaces for local

oscillator signal input, and one E1/SYNC interface.


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The interfaces on the BP include SYN interface, MDM monitoring interface (MD_OUT), E1

interface (E1/SYNC), power interface, and monitoring information data interface.

The SYN interface includes two parts: digital interface and frequency synthesis interface. The

digital interface is one interface for digital signals between the BP and the SYN. The 36 pins

on the SYN are inserted into the BP to realize the digital signal connection between the SYN

and the BP. The frequency synthesis interface is one interface for frequency synthesis signals

between the BP and the SYN. The frequency synthesis signals refer to IF local oscillator

(IFLO) signals and RF local oscillator (RFLO_R and RFLO_T) signals. These signals are

output from the SYN through three short RF cables to the IFLO connector, RFLO_R

connector, and RFLO_T connector on the BP.

The E1/SYNC interface on the BP is connected to J2 on the NBP through a 10-core flat

cable.

The BP is connected to the 48V power supply and the ground.

The monitoring information data interfaces include MDM_DEBUG, NMS, X-RAY, and

MONITOR. They are connected to the corresponding interfaces on the NBP through 10-coreflat cables.

3.2.7 NBP


The NBP provides external interfaces, including interfaces for lightning protection device, E1

cable; GPS signal cable, computer, and TTA connection cable.

The NBP transfers status signals of boards and control signals from MONITOR,

MDM_DBG, X_RAY and NMC to the computer.

The BP provides synchronization control signals (10ms synchronization signal and TDD

mode).

The NBP provides 48V power and synchronization control signals for the TTA.


3.2.7.2.1 Interfaces on the NBP

Figure 3-10 shows the interfaces on the NBP.


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Figure 3-10 Interfaces on NBP

The interfaces on the NBP include:

E1-IN: E1input

E1-OUT: E1 output

BS-SYN1 and BS-SYN2: BTS synchronization output

GPS: GPS signal input. One end of this interface is connected with the GPS antenna and the

other end is connected to the GPS module on the CON through a soft feeder.

POWER1: 4-pin socket. This socket is connected to the 48V power post on the BP through a

two-core power cable.

TPA1 (J9) and TPA2 (J10): 6-pin sockets. They are respectively connected to the lightning

protection box of two TTAs to provide the power and 10ms synchronization signals

J2: 10-pin socket. The socket is connected to the E1/SYNC socket on the BP through a 10-

core flat cable to provide E1 signals for the BTS.

J11: TTA power switch

NBPMDM-DEBUG, NBPNMC, NBPX-RAY, and NBPMONITOR are 10-pin square sockets.

Among them, the NBPX-RAY socket is connected to the X_RAY socket on the BP through a 10-core flat cable. MDM-DEBUG, NMC, X-RAY, and MONITOR are 9-pin D-type socket.

3.2.7.2.2 Description of jumpers on the NBP:

When the BTS works normally, jumpers of J3 to J8 are connected to the upper pins.

When the CLU burns programs, jumpers of J3, J4, J7, and J8 are connected to the upper pins

and jumpers of J5 and J6 are connected to the lower pins.

When observing the GPS communication status through a PC, jumpers of J5 and J6 are

connected to the upper pins, and jumpers of J3, J4, J7, and J8 are connected to the lower pins.


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3.2.8 CON


To install the BTS in a cabinet, the functions of the TTA access board and the test terminal board

are integrated, and the CON and the NBP are designed. The CON accomplishes the following

functions:

Providing E1 synchronization signals for the BTS

Providing GPS synchronization signals for the BTS

Providing synchronization signals for the secondary BTS when serving as a primary one

Obtaining synchronization signals from the primary BTS when serving as a secondary one.

Providing 48V power supply and synchronization signals for two TTAs


The GPS module is fixed on the CON with screws. The jumper on the GPS module is

connected to a +5V power supply. When the indicator is green, the TTA works normally. When the indicator is red, the TTA is

protected.

When the CON works normally, the jumper of J3 is connected to the WORK position and

the jumper of J2 is disconnected.

3.2.9 TTA


The SCDMA BTS uses the TTA to improve the coverage effect of the BTS. To resist /, , , ,, , , / the fading in

some typical areas under the mobile communication environment and ensure the coverage of the

system, a TTA applicable to the SCDMA system is developed. This TTA can improve the receiver

sensitivity of the BTS, compensate cable loss, and lower the required output power of the RF amplifier.

The TTA accomplishes the following functions:

10 Transmitting link: The RF signals from the BTS are filtered and amplified and then sent to the

antenna.

11 Receiving link: The RF signals received by the antenna are sent back to the coverage of the BTS

after low noise amplification. The mobile phones in the coverage of the BTS can reduce thetransmitting power to prolong the service lifetime of the battery each time the battery is charged.


After installing the TTA, perform the following checks:

Use a multimeter to check whether pin 1 and pin 3 (48V) or pin 6 and pin7 (5V control

signal) of the areonautic socket of the TTA are short-circuited. Ensure that they are not short-

circuited and then power on the TTA.

Ensure that the BTS works normally and that the antenna feeder and the TTA are grounded

well.

When there is no receiving gain on a certain channel of the TTA or the transmitting gain is

abnormal, check whether the 48V/5V power supply is normal. When the receiving gain or transmitting gain on a certain channel of the TTA is low, check

whether the antenna feeder is loose.


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When there is a transmitting gain (single transmitter) but no receiving gain, check whether

the 5V control signal is normal.

3.2.9.3 External Test of Overall TTA

3.2.9.3.1 Test Object

TTA

3.2.9.3.2 Test Purpose

Obtain the overall performance of the TTA.

3.2.9.3.3 Testers

Two signal generators, one spectrum analyzer, one 48V DC power generator, and one receiving &

transmitting time sequence control module.

Figure 3-11 Connections between tests

Side A (antenna) refers to the side on which the TTA is connected to the antenna and side B (base)

refers to the side on which the TTA is connected to the BTS.

3.2.9.3.4 Test specifications

Transmitting gain: 26dB2dB

Third order intermodulation (transmitting power =32dBM):


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TTA.

When measuring the power, use an attenuator above 10W. Otherwise, the spectrum analyzer or

fixed attenuator may be damaged.

After the TTA is powered on, start one signal generator (Note: First set the power to -20

dBm), and adjust the output power of the signal generator so that the output power of the

TTA reaches 32 dBm.

Formula for calculating the transmitting gain:

Transmitting power of TTA = output power of TTA - input power of TTA = 32 dBm - (output

value of signal generator - input cable loss)

13 Third order intermodulation

Remain the transmitting environment and adjust the output power of the above signal generator to

29 dBm. That is, the two peak power values on the spectrum analyzer are the same. At this time, you

can see the third order intermodulation specifications.

14 Receiving test (measure the low noise amplification of the TTA)Set the time sequence control module of the TTA to the RECEIVE mode, invert the directions of

side A and side B, start one signal generator, and set the input power to 20 dB. At this time, power on

the TTA and observe the output power value of the TTA on the spectrum analyzer.

Formula for calculating the receiving gain:

Receiving gain of TTA = output power of TTA - input power of TTA = -20 dBm - (output value of

signal generator - input cable loss)

3.2.10 Antenna Feeder

3.2.10.1 Basic Functions The wireless BTS uses the smart antenna technology. The smart antenna is a high gain

antenna array. The antenna array can be directional or omnidirectional, depending on the

actual conditions. The omnidirectional antenna array is a ring array consisting of eight

antennas. The directional antenna array is a linear array consisting of eight antennas. These

two kinds of antennas can be installed on steel towers or splicing poles.

The RF cable provides a channel to receive and transmit RF signals. The RF cable is a 50-

coaxial cable. The loss of each RF cable (including the connector and lightning filter) must

be 8 dB to 14 dB and the VSWR must be less than 1.5.

The jumper is used to connect the antenna and the TTA, with the sequence numbers of the RF

interfaces of the antenna corresponding to those on side B of the TTA.

Cable 1 to cable 8 are used to connect the TTA with the BTS, with the sequence numbers of

RF interfaces on side A of the TTA corresponding to those of the BTS. Cable 9 is a

calibration cable connecting the calibration RF interface on the antenna to RF port on the

cabinet.

3.2.10.2 Test Method

After feeders are prepared, use the VSWR tester provided by Beijing Xinwei Telecom Technology

Co., Ltd. to test the VSWR and cable loss. Before using the VSWR tester, self-calibrate it.

Test feeders in the following way: Connect one end of a feeder to the load and the other end to the

VSWR tester. The VSWR of each feeder must be less than 1.5. Measure the cable loss of the ninthfeeder and use it for self-calibration.


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3.3 BTS TEST

3.3.1 Power-on Test

Check that the feeders, transmission cables, power cables, and grounding cables are

connected correctly. Measure the voltage of the BTS and check the cable connection is correct. Move to the

voltage scale of a multimeter. Connect the black probe to the 48V port and the red probe to

the working ground. If the measured voltage is 48V, the connection is correct.

Use a megohm meter to measure the 48V DC power cable of the BTS. The insulation

resistance between cables, and between a cable and the ground must be greater than one

megohm.

Check E1 connection cables. Use a megohm meter to measure the resistance between the

core of the BNC connector and the shell. The resistance must be high.

Use a multimeter to check that the power holes on the back of the chassis are not short-

circuited. Check that the jumpers and switches on boards are correctly set.

After the above check, power on the BTS.

3.3.2 Normal Working Status Check

3.3.2.1 BTS startup

After the BTS is powered on, the POWER indicators on the MDM and the VCC are on, and the

+5V indicator on the CLU is also on. Then the RUN indicators on the MDM and the CLU are all on.

All indicators on the VCC flash three to four times. The RUN indicators and HDLC indicators on theMDM and the CLU flash. All indicators on the CON flash and then are on. In this case, the BTS is

started normally.

3.3.2.2 Transmission channel check

After powering on the BTS, self-loop the E1 port on the BTS. There must be no E1 transmission

alarm. Self-loop the transmission channel. There must be no transmission link alarm on the BSC side or

the NMS side.

3.3.2.3 Working status check of circuit boards

When the BTS works normally, the statuses of LEDs on panels are as follows:

RFB: The CH0-I, CH0-Q, CH1-I, and CH1-Q indicators flash. The POWER1 POWER2

indicators are on.

MDM: The ALARM indicator is off. The RUN, HDLC, MDM-A, and MDM-B indicators

flash. The AUX-A and AUX-B indicators are on. The POWER indicator is on.

VCC: The POWER indicator is on.

CLU: The E1-ALM indicator is off, the RUN indicator is on, the HDLC indicator flashes, the

MFC indicator is off, the NMC indicator flashes, the TEST1 and TEST2 indicators are off,

and the POWER indicator is on.

CON: The green indicator indicating that the TTA module works normally is on.


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Chapter 4 Data Configuration

Chapter 4 Data ConfigurationThis chapter applies to data configuration of BTS in multiple BSC authentication systems.

Data configuration of BS must be completed by RNMS equipment management client. The

introduction is base on RNMS01.09.10 in this chapter, which only for reference.

4.1 Configure BTS Data

4.1.1 Listing BTSs

Double-click List BTS on the menu tree on the left. A corresponding window as shown in Figure

4-12 appears. Select a BSC from the BSC list and select All from the LAI list. All BTS data under this

BSC is displayed.

Figure 4-12 Listing BTS

4.1.2 Adding a BTS

Right click the BTS List and select Add BTS. A corresponding window as shown in Figure 4-

13 appears.


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Figure 4-13 Adding BTS

Configure the data as follows:

In the BTS number field, fill the number of the BTS to be added.

In the Frequency Channel field, fill the ARFCN (0 39) that the BTS will use. Fill it

according to the ARFCN planning.

In the BTS Address field, fill the physical address of the BTS to be added. Click [OK].

4.1.3 Modifying E1 Board Number

Select E1 Board from the BTS List and double-click. A corresponding window as shown in

Figure 4-14 appears.

Figure 4-14 Modifying E1 board number

Configure data as follows:

In the E1 board field, fill the board number of the BSI that connects the BSC and the BTS. Click

[Save] and [Refresh].

4.1.4 Modifying E1 Link Number

Select E1 Link from the BTS List and double-click. A corresponding window as shown in

Figure 4-15 appears.


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Figure 4-15 Modifying E1 link number


In the E1 link field, fill sequence number of the BSI that connects the BTS and the BSC. Click

[Save] and [Refresh].

4.2 Configuring BTS Parameters

4.2.1 Adding Filter Type

Select Filter from the BTS List and double-click. A corresponding window as shown in Figure

4-16 appears.

Figure 4-16 Adding filter type


In the Filter field, fill the type of the filter that the BTS will use. Click [Save] and [Refresh].

4.2.2 Setting BTS Antenna Attributes

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Set BTS Antenna Attributes. A

corresponding window as shown in Figure 4-17 appears.


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Figure 4-17 Setting antenna attributes


In the Antenna Type field, fill a linear array antenna or ring array antenna, depending on the

site situation.

In the Observation Angle field, fill the antenna azimuth. In the Radius (Measure) field, fill the antenna spacing (0.5 for linear array antenna and 0.62

for ring array antenna).

In the Load W0 Data field, fill the path of the W0 file of the antenna. Click [OK].

4.2.3 Configuring BTS Background Noise Alarm Parameters

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Configure BS bottom noise

Warning Parameter. A corresponding window as shown in Figure 4-18 appears.

Figure 4-18 Configuring BTS background noise alarm parameters



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In the Alarm Threshold field, fill 80.

In the Observation Period field, fill 32.

In the Serious Warning Threshold (DB) field, fill 95.

In the Subordinate Warning Threshold (DB) field, fill 100.

In the Common Warning Threshold (DB) field, fill -105. Click [Config].

4.2.4 Configuring Parameter For Checking BS Jam

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select [Config Parameter for Checking

BTS Jam. A corresponding window as shown in Figure 4-19 appears.

Figure 4-19 Configuring BTS interference cancellation parameters

15 Configure data as follows:

In the Start Mode field, select forbid, Self-adaptation, or Forced.

In the Threshold field, fill 98.

In the Monitor Cycle field, fill 8. Click [Config].

16 The principle of startup mode selection:

If a BTS works stably all the time and no interference has been existed or will exist, select

forbid.

If interference above -95dBm exists all the time and it is predicted that the interference may

remain, select Forced. If no interference or weak interference exists, you are forbidden to

select Forced. Otherwise, the signal quality will be greatly affected.

If intermittent interference exists, the interference intensity fluctuates, or you are not sure to

use the forbid or Forced according to this guide on site, select Self-adaptation.

4.2.5 Configuring LAI Parameters

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Configure LAI Parameters. A



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Figure 4-20 Configuring LAI parameters


In the LAI field, fill the LAI of the BTS. Click [Configure].

4.3 Configuring GPS Data

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Configure BS GPS. Acorresponding window as shown in Figure 4-21 appears.


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Figure 4-21 Configuring GPS data


In the GPS install field, select Yes.

In the Cable Length field, fill the actual length of the GPS feeder.

In the Height field, fill the actual installation height of the GPS.

In the Longitude and Latitude fields, fill the longitude and latitude where the BTS is

located.

In the Sync Source area, select GPS. Click [Send] and [Close].

4.4 Configuring Calibration Data

4.4.1 Generating Calibration File

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Generate Calibration File. A



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Figure 4-22 Generating calibration file

17 Configure data as follows:

In the SYN TYPE field, select 1800MHZ new SYN.

In the FREQ field, fill the ARFCN (0 - 39) of the BTS according to the actual conditions.

In the TX_POWER field, fill the transmitting power of the BTS, usually 31.

In the CABLE_LOSS field, fill the actual cable loss.

In the GAIN_DELTA' field, fill 3.

In the SYNC_SCALE field, fill 1.14.

In the ACC_SCALE field, fill 0.4.

In the VCC_SCALE field, fill 0.15. Click [OK].

18 Note: Method of calculating cable loss

The cable loss should include the losses of the power splitter, the ninth feeder, lightning filter,

short jumpers, and the little jumper connected to the SYN. In addition, because the TTA is usually

installed at the bottom of the splicing pole on site and the feeder between the TTA and the antenna is

long, the average loss of eight feeders must be included, too.

Example: Suppose

The attenuation of the power splitter is 32 dB and the loss of the ninth feeder is 8 dB.

The loss (insertion loss) of the lightning filter on the ninth feeder at the top of the cabinet and the

jumper is 1 dB.

The loss (insertion loss) of the little jumper connected from the ninth feeder to the SYN is 1 dB.

The average loss of the eight transfer feeders between the TTA and the antenna is 1 dB.

In addition, the RF connector of the feeder is about 1 dB.

Then cable loss = 32 + 8 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 44 dB

Use site master S331C VSWR tester to accurately measure the loss of the eight transfer feeders

between the TTA and the antenna and the ninth feeder. If no VSWR tester is available on site, estimate

the cable loss as accurately as possible with reference to the cable loss table.

4.4.2 Loading Calibration Data

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Load Calibration Data. A



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Figure 4-23 Loading calibration data

Click [OK].

4.4.3 Calibrating Manually

Select the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Calibrate Manually. A


Figure 4-24 Calibrating manually


In the Calibration Command Type area, select Full Calibration. Click [OK].

4.4.4 Querying Calibration DataSelect the new BTS from the BTS List and right-click to select Query Calibration Data. A



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Figure 4-25 Querying calibration data

Click [Query].


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Chapter 5 Commissioning and Test


5.1 BTS Commissioning

5.1.1 Preparations before Power-on

19 Check that the feeder cables, data cables, power cables, and grounding cables of the BTS areconnected correctly.

20 Use a 500V megohm meter to measure the cables that are used to connect the 48V DC power

supply of the equipment room. It is required that the insulation resistance between cables, and

between cables and the ground must be greater than 11 M. If the cables meet the requirement,

connect them to the 48V power supply.

21 Use a multimeter to check whether the holes on the POWER connector on the back panel of thecabinet are short-circuited. If there is any short circuit, find the cause and eliminate it.

After the above check, power on the BTS and put it into operation.

5.1.2 Starting BTS

22 Turn on the power to the BTS and the NMS in turn.

23 Check the working status of each circuit board of the BTS.

24 After the BTS is powered on, the POWER indicators on the MDM and the VCC are on, and the

+5V indicator on the CLU is on. Then the RUN indicators on the MDM and the CLU are all on.

All indicators on the VCC flash three to four times. The RUN indicators and HDLC indicators on

the MDM and the CLU flash. The BTS starts to work normally.

25 Start the NMS program to load data to the BTS. The loading information includes BTS calibrationdata, trunk interface parameters, user information, and charging information. For details, see

SCDMA Wireless Access System (SWANV) RNMS Operation and Maintenance Manual.

5.1.3 Calibrating BTS

The SCDMA wireless access system (SWANV) adopts the smart antenna system, which requires

that the phases of signals of the eight antennas are the same and that the transmitting power and

receiving power of the BTS are stable. Therefore, BTS calibration is required.

Calibrate the BTS through the NMS.

26 Right-click the icon of the BTS on the NMS and select Generate Calibration File.27 Fill the frequency point according to the network planning, Tx_Power (transmitting power of

BTS), Cable_Loss (cable loss of the ninth feeder), and Gain_Delta (receiving gain).

Currently, 40 ARFCNs (0 to 39) are available to the SCDMA integrated wireless access

system (SWAN1800V). The frequency of these frequency points is shown as follows:

1785.25 + N x 0.5 MHz,Where N = 0, 1, , 39.

When there is a TTA,

Tx_Power is set to 30 dB to 32 dB.

Cable_Loss is set to loss of feeder + loss (usually 2 dB) of filter and connector.The cable loss

of feeder is calculated as follows:

3/8 feeder: 7m/dB

1/2 feeder: 10m/dB


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Gain_Delta (receiving gain) is set to 3.

28 Select Load Calibration Data. When the NMS displays that the calibration data is returned, select

Calibrate Manually to perform complete calibration. After the calibration data is returned, view ifthe calibration result is correct. If the returned Tx_Gain Result and Rx_Gain Result respectively

contain eight channels, the number of channels whose gain result is 257 cannot exceed 4.

Otherwise, the calibration result is incorrect. In this case, modify the above parameters to calibrate

the BTS again.

5.1.4 Synchronization between BTSs

To avoid interference between BTSs, ensure that all BTSs receive and transmit signals at the same.

Otherwise, you cannot calibrate the BTS and the mobile phone cannot be handovered.

The BTS requires a synchronization clock to complete the 5ms receiving and transmission. There

are three synchronization modes:

GPS synchronization

E1 synchronization

Synchronization to other BTS

In the SWAN1800V wireless local loop communication network, one SCDMA BTS is placed at

the center of each micro cell. To avoid interference between BTSs, strict synchronization is required. If

the BTS is not strictly synchronized, the BTS cannot be calibrated. As a result, the mobile phone cannot

be handed off between micro cells. In this case, the GPS synchronization is required.

If there is only one BTS, the E1 synchronization mode can be used. Synchronization can be

realized through calculation on basis of the 125-m length of each PCM frame.

If two BTSs are close to each other (the distance between two BTSs is less than 1000

meters), either the GPS synchronization or the master/slave synchronization is used.

There are three jumpers on the CLU that are related to BTS synchronization: M_SYNC,

A_SYNC, and R_TERM.

29 In the case of GPS synchronization:

Connect the GPS module and set the M_SYNC to OFF. If A_SYNC is set to ON, configure the

BTS through the NMS. If the BTS is installed with a GPS module, set the parameter install GPS or

not to 1 (Yes) on the NMS. Otherwise, collision between the GPS clock and the E1 output clock may

occur. If the BTS is installed with no GPS module, set the parameter install GPS or not to 0 (No).

Otherwise, no clock is sent the BTS. When the NMS option Use E1 as backup or not is set to 1

(Yes), the BTS will automatically adopt E1 as the synchronization source if no synchronization clock

is found. If A_SYNC is set to OFF, any settings on the NMS have no effect on the BTS and the BTS

can only use the GPS as the synchronization source.

30 In the case of E1 synchronization:

It does not matter even if M_SYNC is set to ON and A_SYNC is set to ON or OFF. However,

if the GPS module outputs a GPS clock, collision between the GPS clock and the E1 output clock will

occur. As a result, the BTS cannot be started because of clock turbulence. If M_SYNC is set to OFF,

the BTS will first check if there is a GPS clock or other BTS synchronization clock. If yes, the BTS

will synchronize with it. Otherwise, the BTS will automatically adopt the E1 as a synchronization

source.

31 In the case of master/slave synchronization:

Use a cable to connect BS_SYNC1 or BS_SYNC2 on the back of the primary BTS and the

secondary BTS. Because the two interfaces are connected in parallel, you can connect eitherof them.

The primary BTS can adopt the GPS or E1 synchronization.


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The M_SYNC switch on the CLU of the secondary BTS must be set to OFF. The A_SYNC

switch can be set to OFF or ON. If the A_SYNC switch is set to OFF, the parameter

install GPS or not must be set to 1 (Yes), and the parameter use E1 as backup or not must

be set 0 (No) on the RNMS.

If the primary BTS is stopped, the secondary BTS cannot be started.

More secondary BTSs can be connected in serial. The R_TERM is set to ON for the lastsecondary BTS, and to OFF for the other secondary BTSs.

5.2 Call Test

5.2.1 Call Connection Duration Test

Test the call request delay and call setup delay when a fixed wireless subscriber calls a PSTN

subscriber.

Test the call request delay and call setup delay when a fixed wireless subscriber calls another

fixed wireless subscriber.

Test the call request delay and call setup delay when a SCDMA mobile subscriber calls

another SCDMA mobile subscriber.

5.2.2 Call Quality Test

Check that there is no significant noise or echo in conversation.

Keep silent after the call is connected to check that there is no click sound or other harsh noise.

5.2.3 Call Function Test

The calling subscriber not registered on the OMC cannot make a call (no dialing tone).

The calling subscriber hears the dialing tone when picking up the phone.

The calling subscriber hears the busy tone when there is no idle channel.

The calling subscriber hears the busy tone and the channel is cleared when the calling

subscriber does not dial a number in a long period of time (10s).

The calling subscriber hears the busy tone and the channel is cleared when dialing digits of a

number times out (10s).

The calling subscriber hears the busy tone and the channel is cleared when the called

subscriber is busy.


subscriber does not answer the call within a long period of time (60s).

The calling subscriber hears the ringback tone when the called subscriber is alerted.

The conversation is normal when the called subscriber answers the call.


subscriber hangs up.

The called subscriber is alerted when there is any idle channel.

The called subscriber hears the busy tone and the channel is cleared when the calling

subscriber hangs up.


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5.2.4 Call Success Ratio Test

Test the call success ratio in two cases: at rest and in motion.

Two persons each hold two mobile phones, one at rest and the other in motion.

The person in motion drives a car at a rate of 30 - 40 km/hour along a path. The signals received

by the mobile phone in this area must be strong. The person in motion uses one mobile phone to

receive a call from the person at rest or a PSTN subscriber, and uses the other mobile phone to originate

a call to the person at rest or PSTN subscriber. Keep the conversation for more than 10 seconds. If both

parties can hear each other, the call is considered successful.

5.3 Coverage and Handoff Test

5.3.1 Coverage Test

Divide the coverage into several test areas and plan the test path according to the network

condition.

Drive along the planned path and use the drive tester to collect data.

Process the collected data to generate a coverage effect diagram for the area.

According to the illustrated coverage effect, feel the coverage of the BTS visually or make

statistics of the proportions of areas with different signal strengths.

5.3.2 Handover Test

A terminal originates a call in the coverage of BTS1, keeps in conversation, moves to the

coverage of BTS2, and continues moving far away from BTS1 or moving to the coverage of

the next BTS. Monitor the handover occurrence through the DOA.

A terminal originates a call in the coverage of BTS1 under BSC2, keeps in conversation,

moves to the coverage of BTS3 under BSC1, and continues moving far away from BTS3 or

moving to the coverage of the next BTS. Monitor the handoff occurrence through the DOA.

After the terminal starts a conversation, the terminal moves between the repeater and the

BTS. Observe if the terminal can be handovered successfully.

Select the normal coverage of the network and plan the test path. Drive a car at a rate of less

than 30 km/hour along the test path. During the drive, use the drive tester to make calls and

keep in conversation. If the call is disconnected, continue to make another call and hold it.

Use the processing software attached to the drive tester to analyze data and generate a

handoff information diagram for the test path. Analyze and make statistics of handoffsuccesses and handoff failures to calculate the handoff success ratio according to the handoff

information diagram.

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Documents

SWAN1800V BS Commissioning Manual V1.01