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7/27/2019 Sw19 Cursetji+Presentation
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Catalytic Converter Design For
Two Wheelers
Better Air Quality, BangkokBetter Air Quality, Bangkok
Nov 12Nov 12--14, 200814, 2008
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e h i c l e s i n m i l l i o n s
Vehicle sales in year 2007-08in India: Nos in million
7.232 0.322 1.217 0.602 0.223
2 - Wh 3 - Wh Cars LCV HCV
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21/11/2008
3Source: SIAT 2007
••
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EURO II < 150CC
EURO II > 150CC
EURO III < 150CC
EURO III > 150CC
CO 5.5 5.5 2 2
THC 1.2 1 0.8 0.3
NOx 0.3 0.3 0.15 0.15
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g / K m
Mass Emission Norms
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Lean Air/Fuel:
Lower total hydrocarbonsMore low-molecular weight olefins
Higher O2 partial pressure
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Idle engine speed and Ignition timing:
Both, higher rpm and retarded ignition increases mass flow rate
and exhaust temperature
Typical increase in temperature:-• c.a. 100 °C for an rpm increase of 500 rpm
• c.a. 50 °C for a retarded ignition of 10 °
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TYPE: 2 Wheeler, 4 Stroke, 125 CC Engine
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7/27/2019 Sw19 Cursetji+Presentation
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PdPd--only is suitable for TWC.only is suitable for TWC.
Rh enhances NOx conversion & suppresses HC conversion ofRh enhances NOx conversion & suppresses HC conversion of
Pd catalysts.Pd catalysts.
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S.A. (m2/g) OSC (mmoles/g)
Washcoat 1 Washcoat 2 Washcoat 1 Washcoat2
Fresh 170 145 170 860
Aged 75 101 96 623
LOT ( C)
CO HC
Wash Coat 1 185 205
Wash coat 2Wash coat 2 155155 178178
Thermal Stability:
Performance Evaluation on Gasoline, 4 S, 100 CC 33 x 60, 100 cpsi, 40 18:0:1Performance Evaluation on Gasoline, 4 S, 100 CC 33 x 60, 100 cpsi, 40 18:0:1
SV 30 K Lambda = 1.05:SV 30 K Lambda = 1.05:
Increased
ThermalStability
IncreasedOSC
DecreasedLOT
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Advantages of optimized OSC washcoat.
(4W E II) 81x125x101 400 cpsi 15 0:8:2
0.402
0.057
0.359
0.322
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0.216
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CO (g/km) HC (g/km) NOx (g/km)
Wash coat 1 Washcoat 2
ReducedMass
Emissions
Conventionalvs.
Layered coating
LOT ( °C ) Conversion (%) at 400 °C
Standard2-Step
Layered Standard
2-Step
Layered
CO 345 282 68 85
HC 355 314 52 69
NO 356 314 60 79
Advantages of Layered
Coating
Substrate: 35 x 35 / 400 cpsi, SV 100 K 15, 0/8/2,15, 0/8/2,
Significant improvement in performance can translateinto reduced precious metal loading.
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• Material science based approach leads to
cost effective design of catalytic converter
• Engine calibration parameters
significantly influence the catalyst
performance
• Synergy between the above will help tomeet the emission norms of the future
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