SURVEY ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GRAFT AND CORRUPTION - 20 to 30.doc

8/10/2019 SURVEY ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GRAFT AND CORRUPTION - 20 to 30.doc

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SURVEY ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GRAFT AND CORRUPTION

Ombudsman and Sandiganbayan Law

Alegado, Rodnel

Bilbao, Shemelyn

Paulate III, Cresente

Polinar, Winston

Sagaral, Rino

Tan, Jay

ta!, "erdee

Date Submitted: #ar!h $$, $%&'

INTRODUCTION

$


2/10

When Politi!s dawned u(on men or women, did it really made them

!orru(t) The answer !omes *rom the +ery essen!e o* (oliti!s itsel* theorist

aston and Laswell would de-ne it as .the authoritati+e allo!ation o* +alues

whi!h answers what to (rodu!e, when to (rodu!e, how many to (rodu!e and

*or whom to (rodu!e/0 The gist o* their de-nition is basi!ally an!hored on

de!ision ma1ing (ro!esses, so basing *rom their de-nition o* (oliti!s it !an be

dedu!ed that (oliti!s should be ideally and s(e!i-!ally *or the bene-t o* the

(eo(le, a (ro!ess o* de!ision ma1ing0

Sin!e when and how (oliti!s be!ame dirty *or 2ili(inos, the history

would (robably shed light to the in3uiry0 #oreo+er, it is *rom the history that

we would be able to 1now how gra*t and !orru(tion entered the (i!ture and

tarnished (oliti!s in the Phili((ines as well as its e+olution o+ertime0

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The S(anish !olonial em(ire would lay !laim that when they dis!o+ered

the Phili((ines the 2ili(inos were basi!ally sa+ages, no go+ernment, no laws

and worse no identity0 "istorians would disagree on this notion sin!e

ar!heologi!al and histori!al re(orts show that indigenous !ommunities had

the balangay system0 A mi!ro *orm o* go+ernment that was headed by a

Datu wor1ing as the e4e!uti+e arm o* the go+ernment, the !oun!il o* elders

legislating rules and guidelines among tribesmen and other tribes wor1ing as

the legislati+e arm and another !oun!il *or (unishing erring members o*tribe0

This balangay system diminished through time when S(anish

!oloni5ers em(loyed the di+ide and !on3uer rule with the a((li!ation o*

sword and the !ross !on!e(t0 To !ut the story short, they go+erned the

Phili((ines0 A lot o* 2ili(inos rose u(, most were 1illed0 But one 2ili(ino le*t his

mar1 through writing two no+els that made a statement to the S(anish

!oloni5ers by e4(osing the s!hemes o* go+ernment o6!ials e7e!ti+ely

!ontrolled by S(anish *riars through *or!e, intimidation and duress0

Ameri!ans then !ame0 They bought us at (ri!e, had a mo!1 battle at

#anila Bay, established a go+ernment *or the (eo(le, *rom the (eo(le and by

the (eo(le, built a lot o* in*rastru!tures, and taught 2ili(inos the Ameri!an

way o* li*e as well as the way o* the Ameri!an go+ernment0 "owe+er, it was

then !ut short by the war in the Pa!i-! by the Ja(anese0 But later on, still, the

Ameri!ans (re+ailed o+er them0

8


3/10

2ew years later there !ame the -rst re(ubli!, a 3uote !oming *rom

#anuel L 09ue5on would resonate u( to today .I would rather ha+e a

go+ernment ran li1e hell by the 2ili(inos rather li1e hea+en by the

Ameri!ans/0

STATUS QUO OF CORRUPTION

That 3uote o* #anuel L0 9ue5on do ring a bell to this date, it would be

somehow be !onsidered as a !urse rather than a blessing o* the (eo(le o*

today0

One o* the remar1able *eats o* the 2ili(inos would be the .POPL

Power/, whi!h to((led the !orru(t regime o* 2erdinand #ar!os in &:;hearted !am(aign

against *raud0 "is neat ele!tion slogan, .I* there=s no !orru(tion, there=s no

(o+erty/, won him the (residen!y, be!ause it suggested a tidy solution to

the !ountry=s two biggest (roblems0 But *or three years his e7orts ha+e

!onsisted o* little else than the arrest and (rose!ution o* his (rede!essor,

Dloria Arroyo, on trial *or misusing millions in state lottery *unds0

So #r0 A3uino had an o((ortunity to ad+an!e his !am(aign when his

go+ernment=s !hie* auditor re(orted this month that a do5en senators and

s!ores o* !ongressmen had dire!ted billions in (or1>barrel money into -shyDOs o+er three years0 The money ?gi+en to members o* Congress to s(end

in their !onstituen!ies on (roEe!ts o* their own !hoosing was disbursed

during #rs0 Arroyo=s term0 But #r0 A3uino=s -rst rea!tion was to de*end the

(or1>barrel s!heme0 That is be!ause he is at the a(e4 o* the Phili((ines=

(yramid o* (oliti!al (atronage, so has the -nal say on whether other

(oliti!ians get their (or10 When he was member o* Congress, he re!ei+ed

'


4/10

(or1>barrel *unds0 In the absen!e o* an e7e!ti+e (oliti!al (arty system, the

(or1>barrel arrangement gi+es #r0 A3uino a degree o* inFuen!e o+er

Congress0

The Priority Ge+elo(ment Assistan!e 2und ?PGA2, a go+ernment

(rogram, has institutionali5ed (or1 barrel in the Phili((ines0 a!h o* its $'senators re!ei+es $%%m (esos ?@'0m (er year and ea!h o* its 8%%>odd

!ongressmen re!ei+es H%m (esos ?@&0million strong, organi5ers ho(ed against (or1 that #r A3uino !hanged his

mind0 On August $8rd, Fan1ed by the (resident o* the Senate and the

s(ea1er o* the "ouse o* Re(resentati+es, he (ledged to s!ra( the PGA20 The

(ubli! re!ei+ed his bid with a dose o* s1e(ti!ismand it did not deter the

(or!ine mas1s and !ostumes *rom rallying0 Congress must -rst agree to

abandon the s!heme0 And an alternati+e set>u( *or -nan!ing lo!al

de+elo(ment (roEe!ts, (ro(osed by #r A3uino, sounded li1e (or1>barrel

(oliti!s with a new name0

The (rotesters ?numbering about


5/10

long been a to(i! o* !on!ern amongst the !iti5en0 The !orru(tion o* o6!ials

in the go+ernment and the *ailure o* leaders to use their (osition o* (ower

wisely ha+e !aused -nan!ial hardshi( throughout the nation and de(ri+es, i*

not limit, the e!onomi! growth and !ultural de+elo(ment0 Sin!e its in!e(tion,

the

Phili((ines has been 1nown as a !ountry su7ering *rom su!h se+ere

!orru(tion, with !onFi!ting !onditions, that e4(erts began des!ribing it as a

K1le(to!ra!yK whi!h means, a go+ernment that su7ers *rom 1le(tomania, or

*rom whi!h !onsistently and !ontinuously robs its !iti5ens be!ause o*

!orru(tion o* high>ran1ing o6!ials0 Dra*t and !orru(tion began *rom !olonial

times, when !olonial go+ernments were organi5ed *or the (ur(oses o*

(lunder> an organi5ational s!heme whi!h (ersists today0

Today it is !ommon *or go+ernmental o6!ials to embe55le ta4 dollars

in order to a!!umulate (ersonal wealth0 In an inde(endent e+aluation o* the!ountries gra*t and !orru(tion (ra!ti!es, the Phili((ines gained a rating o*

$0< on a !orru(tion s!ale o* one to ten ?Trans(aren!y International

Per!e(tions Interest, where one was most !orru(t and ten was least !orru(t0

#any a!ti+ists in the Phili((ines has been (ersistent in (ersuading *ellow

!iti5ens to -ght !orru(tion and dis!ontinue sim(le a!3uies!en!e with !orru(t

o6!ials, saying that the (eo(le ha+e the res(onsibility to !hange the way

things are done *rom a grass>roots le+el0

7orts to !he!1 gra*t and !orru(tion ha+e been underway *or de!ades,

yet the situation has not a!hie+ed a *un!tional state0 Innumerable laws

de-ning (lunder, establishing (unishments *or !orru(t o6!ials, !reating

inde(endent third>(arty a!!ountability agen!ies, in addition to in!reased

international attention in re!ent years, ha+e all !ontributed to some

amendments o* !ondu!t and re*ormation o* beha+ior0 "owe+er the !ountry

still loses billions o* dollars o* ta4 re+enue ea!h year to transa!tions relating

to gra*t and !orru(tion0

This study aims to gain the (ubli!=s (er!e(tion or awareness o* the on>

going gra*t and !orru(t (ra!ti!es o* the go+ernment o6!ials and the

Phili((ine go+ernment as a whole and the e7e!ts regarding trust and

!on-den!e o* the !iti5ens to the (eo(le in+ol+ed0

SCOPE AND LI!ITATION


6/10

In this study, the grou( !on!entrated mainly on the (eo(le=s

(er!e(tion on gra*t and !orru(tion and i* there is still trust and !on-den!e

le*t towards the go+ernment and its o6!ials0

To a!hie+e the grou(=s goal and obEe!ti+es in this study, the data was

gathered only within Ga+ao City0 There are &%% res(ondents that wereinter+iewed, aged $% to % years old who are both *rom the (ri+ate and

go+ernment se!tors0

The study was merely !om(arati+e in nature due to the *a!t that there

are only limited number o* resear!hers and number o* res(ondents0

Basi!ally, this study only reFe!ts the ideas and (er!e(tion o* randomly

sele!ted Ga+aoenos and not o* the 2ili(inos in general0

SURVEY RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

The *ollowing are the data and results that the team has gathered *rom

the sur+ey that was !ondu!ted re!ently in relation to the (ubli!=s (er!e(tion

on Dra*t and Corru(tion in the Phili((ines0

Re"#$%de%t": &%%

A&e b'a()et $% to % years old

Em#*$+me%t Statu" Pri+ate and Do+ernment se!tors

&0 At the gi+en !urrent e!onomi! and (oliti!al !ondition, do you belie+e

that Dra*t and Corru(tion e4ists in the Phili((ine Do+ernment)Ye" , &%%N$ , %

100% of the respondents believe that graft and corruptionindeed exists in the Philippine Government.

$0 In your own obser+ation, do you belie+e that the !am(aign o* the PO

administration .TWIG A GAA/ is e7e!ti+e in eradi!ating or

addressing the (roblem with !orru(t Do+ernment o6!ials and

em(loyees)

H


7/10

Ye" , &N$ , ':

49% could say that the campaign of the current administration

against graft and corruption is not eective in addressing the problem.

!ence" instead of actually eradicating the problem" things eitherremain at the status #uo or it may have even gone $orse.

n the other hand" there are &1% of the randomly selected

respondents believed that the '()*+D ,- D--, campaign is

eective. (hey can say that" more or less" the graft and corruption

problem is little by little extinguished under P,/s administration.

MI* S, !an you rate your satis*a!tion on the e7e!ti+eness or su!!ess

o* the said !am(aign)P$$' , ;

Fai' , 'Sati"-ed , HVe'+ Sati"-ed , %

-mong those $ho say that the campaign of P,/s

administration is eective in eradicating the governments problem on

graft and corruption" maority of them say that the current

administration did their ob fairly as expected of them.

80 Based on (ersonal obser+ation, !an you !om(are the !ondition o* gra*t

and !orru(tion at the (resent administration with the (re+iousadministration) What !hanges ha+e you obser+ed)

I%('ea"ed , $8?$ ?$,


8/10

MBased on (ersonal obser+ation, !an you rate by (er!entage the

in!rease or de!rease, as may be a((li!able) ?e0g0 &%, $, %,

H, ;, :, &%%Be*$/ 012 3 &012 3 &%

452 3 $$652 3 '512 3 &

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SURVEY ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GRAFT AND CORRUPTION - 20 to 30.doc