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© 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Supplementary Online Content
Perna FM, Dwyer LA, Tesauro G, et al. Research on skin cancer–related behaviors and outcomes in the NIH grant portfolio, 2000-2014: Skin Cancer Intervention Across the Cancer Control Continuum (SCI-3C). JAMA Dermatol. Published online March 22, 2017. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.6216
eTable. Characteristics of funded and unfunded grants and investigator demographics eAppendix. Grant information, codebook, and dissemination and implementation codes
This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work.
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1 eTable. Characteristics of Funded and Unfunded Grants and Investigator Demographics.
Men
n (%)
Women
n (%)
Total
n (%)
Total Applications (n = 112) 45 (40.2) 67 (59.8) 112/112 (100)
Total Applications Funded (n = 40)
15/45 (33.3) 25/67 (37.3) 40/112 (35.7)
R01 Applications (n = 62) 30/62 (48.4) 32/62 (51.6) 62/62 (100)
R01 Applications Funded (n = 20)
11/30 (36.7) 9/32 (28.1) 20/62 (32.3)
New Investigator1 (R01 Awards)
(n = 7) 4/30 (13.3) 3/32 (9.4) 7/62 (11.3)
Unique PIs2 (n = 65) 24/45 (53.3) 41/67 (61.2) 65/112 (58.0)
PIs w/ Multiple Submissions
(n = 22) 9/24 (37.5) 13/41 (31.7) 22/65 (33.8)
PIs w/ at least One Award
(n = 16) 6/9 (66.7) 10/13 (76.9) 16/22 (72.7)
PIs w/ Multiple Awards (n = 8)
2/9 (22.2) 6/13 (46.2) 8/22 (36.4)
Notes. Women submitted more total applications (One-sample binomial test, p = .047), but no other gender comparison was statistically significant. 2 1 New investigator awards are applicable only to R01 grant submissions. 3 2 Principal Investigator (PI); unique PI refers number of individual investigators independent of number of grant submissions. 4
5
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Grant Number
Year Award
Project Title
PI Name
PI Degree
Intervention Grant
1R01CA092505-01A2
2002 Diffusion of an Effective Skin Cancer Prevention Program
Glanz, Karen PHD Yes
1R01CA10487601 2003 Disseminating Go Sun Smart to a Recreation Industry
Buller, David B PHD Yes
1R21CA102205-01A2
2004 Body Image, Tanning Intentions, and Tanning Behavior
Thompson, Joel K PHD No
1R21CA119201-01 2005 UV Safe: New approaches to reduce teen UV exposure
Olson, Ardis L MD Yes
1R01CA103965-01A2
2005 Sun Protection for Florida's Children
Roetzheim, Richard
MD Yes
1R01CA107312-01 A2
2005 Tailored Intervention for Melanoma Patients' Families
Manne, Sharon L PHD Yes
1R21CA109670-01A2
2005 Investigation of a Behavioral Substitute for Sunbathing
Pagoto, Sherry L PHD Yes
1R03CA115092-01 2005 Improving Direct Measurement of Sun Protective Behaviors
Maddock, Jason E PHD No
1R21CA121174-01A1
2006 Development of Effective Interventions to Reduce Adolescent Use of Indoor Tanning
Lazovich, Deann PHD Yes
1R21CA116384-01 A1
2006 Evaluating optimal methods for UV-risk assessment
Hillhouse, Joel J PHD No
1R03CA128483-01A1
2007 Effects of Gain vs. Loss Frame Sun Protection Messages on Rural Indiana Adolescents
Cho, Hyunyi PHD Yes
1R03CA134205-01A1
2008 Sun Protection Among Children with a Family History of Melanoma
Glenn, Beth A. PHD No
1RC1CA145581-01 2009 Youth produced videos to reduce UV exposure in adolescents
Crane, Lori A PHD Yes
1R03CA144552-01 2009 A Skin Cancer Prevention Video Intervention for Organ Transplant Recipients
Loescher, Lois J PHD Yes
1R03CA144435-01 2009 Enhancing Patient Communication Among Dermatologists
Mallett, Kimberly A
PHD Yes
1R01CA134705-01A2
2009 Sun Safe Workplaces: A Campaign on Sun Protection Policies for Outdoor Workers
Buller, David B PHD Yes
1R21CA137532- 2009 Measuring real time decision- Hay, Jennifer L PHD No
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01A1 making about UVR Protection 1R03CA136007-01A1
2009 Investigating Novel Correlates of Indoor Tanning Experiences: Project INCITE
Heckman, Carolyn J
PHD No
1R01CA154908-01 2010 A comparison of interventions to teach melanoma patients' skin self-examination
Robinson, June K MD Yes
1R01CA154928-01 2010 A Tailored Internet Intervention for Skin Cancer Risk Reduction in Young Adults
Heckman, Carolyn J
PHD Yes
1R01CA152411-01A1
2010 Comprehensive Sun Protection in Recreation: An Advanced Go Sun Smart Program
Andersen, Peter Ale
PHD Yes
1R01CA140367-01A2
2010 Norms and Built Environment: Use of Shade in U.S. and Australian City Parks
Buller, David B PHD Yes
1R01CA134891-01A2
2010 An Appearance-Based Intervention to Reduce Teen Skin Cancer Risk
Hillhouse, Joel J PHD Yes
1R21CA155952-01 2010 Epidemiology and Genetics of Tanning Addiction
Cartmel, Brenda Non
PHD No
1R21CA134819-01A2
2010 Biopsychosocial Relationships underlying Indoor Tanning Experience: Project BRITE
Heckman, Carolyn J
PHD No
1R03CA159083-01A1
2011 Evaluation of Sun Protection Education for Kidney Transplant Recipients
Robinson, June K MD Yes
1R01CA159840-01 2011 Sustainability of the Go Sun Smart Program in a Recreation Industry
Walkosz, Barbara PHD Yes
1R01CA158322-01 2011 Impact of Melanoma Genetic Testing on Health Cognitions and Prevention Behaviors
Leachman, Sancy Ann
MD/PHD Yes
1R21CA173196-01 2012 Sun Protection Internet-Based Program for Kidney Transplant Recipients
Robinson, June K MD Yes
1R21CA161576-01A1
2012 Pilot Investigation of Behavioral Alternatives to Indoor Tanning
Pagoto, Sherry L PHD Yes
1R01CA158407-01A1
2012 An innovative, curriculum-based integrated sun exposure behavior intervention for children
Cockburn, Myles G
PHD Yes
1R03CA165801- 2012 Social Influences on Indoor Stapleton, Jerod PHD No
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01A1 Tanning Behavior in Young Women
1R21CA176534-01 2013 Assessing Resident Physician Melanoma Detection Across Ethnic Groups
Hernandez, Claudia
MD Yes
1R01CA176196-01A1
2013 Media Literacy Intervention for Indoor Tanning Prevention
Cho, Hyunyi PHD Yes
1R21CA173654-01A1
2013 Sun Safety Ink: A Skin Cancer Prevention Program for the Tattoo Community
Walkosz, Barbara PHD Yes
1R01HD074416-01A1
2013 Translation of District Sun Safe Policies to Schools
Reynolds, Kim Danie
PHD Yes
1R01CA175231-01 2013 Reducing Skin Cancer Risk in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Geller, Alan C MPH Yes
1R01CA181241-01A1
2014 Personalized Genomic Testing for Melanoma: Maximizing Personal Utility and Reach
Hay, Jennifer L PHD Yes
1R01CA187191-01 2014 Sun Safe Workplaces: Assessment of Benefits and Costs of a Policy Intervention
Buller, David B PHD Yes
1R01CA171666-01A1
2014 An Internet-Based Behavioral Intervention for Individuals Diagnosed with Melanoma
Coups, Elliot J PHD Yes
6 7
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Codebook: Skin Cancer Prevention Portfolio Analysis (Updated 7/15/15) 8 Item Label Question Content Response
CodesResponse Code Details Instructions
GRANTNUMBER What is the full grant number (e.g., 1R01CA1190677-01)?
N/A N/A
PROJTITLE What is the project title? N/A N/ACODER Coder Initials: N/A N/AINTERVENTION Does this grant test an intervention? 1 Yes If a grant is multiple
studies, and at least one of them is an intervention, select “Yes.”
2 No
NONINTSTUDY (ONLY IF THE GRANT DOES NOT TEST AN INTERVENTION): What is the research design/purpose? (Select all that apply.)
1 Epidemiological / Surveillance Study Skip this question if there is an intervention included in the grant.
If select “1”, use “Other” to note the sample / data source (e.g., nationally representative?).
2 Methodology / Measurement Development3 Cross-Sectional Study4 Longitudinal / Prospective Study5 Quasi-Experiment6 Secondary Data AnalysisOther Other: _____________________________
SECONDARY (ONLY IF THE GRANT DOES NOT TEST AN INTERVENTION): If a secondary data analysis, what is the data source?
N/A N/A Skip this question if there is an intervention included in the grant.
SAMPLEAGE What is (are) the age range(s) of the intervention sample? (Check all that apply.)
1 Children (approximate ages 0-11)2 Adolescents (approximate ages 12-17)3 Young adults (approximate ages 18-25; not
limited to college) 4 Young adults (college students only) If the grant has a general
young adult sample, do not select this category. For broad adult samples that are not specific to college students, select options “3” and “5”
5 Adults (approximate ages 26+) 99 Don't know / Not sureOther Other: _____________________________
SAMPLESEX What is (are) the sex(es) of the intervention study sample?
1 Females only2 Males only3 Both females and males
SAMPLERE Does the intervention focus on any specific racial / ethnic subgroups?
1 American Indian or Alaska Native2 Asian
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(Check all that apply.) 3 Black or African American 4 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander5 White6 Hispanic or Latino/a7 No, general sample (not specific to
racial/ethnic subgroups) 99 Don't know / Not sure
SAMPLERE2 Are analyses stratified by race and/or ethnicity?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
SAMPLEDISP Does the study propose to address racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic health disparities?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
SAMPLEUNIT What is (are) the unit(s) of randomization to intervention conditions? (Check all that apply.)
1 Individuals Answer this question based on randomization to intervention condition. For example, if hotels are randomized to condition, select “5.” Broader communities or organizations include businesses, towns, etc.
2 Dyads3 Families4 Groups of individuals (not families)5 Broader communities or organizations99 Don’t know / Not sureOther Other:______________________________
SAMPLESCRISK Does the intervention TARGET people who have any of the following skin cancer risk factors? (Select all that apply.) NOTE: Only indicate if the intervention specifically targets any of the following risk groups. Do NOT select all risk factors that are assessed as part of the study.
1 Those who have a current skin cancer diagnosis (melanoma or non-melanoma)
2 Those who have a personal skin cancer history (melanoma or non-melanoma)
3 Those who have a family skin cancer history (melanoma or non-melanoma)
4 Those who have a current or prior personal diagnosis of any other cancer (excluding skin cancer)
5 Those who have a history of prior sunburns6 Indoor tanners7 Those who sunbathe outdoors 8 Those who engage in other work or activities
(other than intentional tanning) that place them at elevated UV exposure (e.g., work outdoors)
9 Those who have phenotypic risk factors (e.g., fair skin, skin that easily freckles or sunburns,
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light hair, or light eyes) 10 Those who live in warm sunny areas or at high
elevations 11 Those who have genetic risk factors (e.g.,
cdkn2a/p16, mc1r) or are from families known to carry these mutations
Other Other ________________________________CCCONTINUUM At what point(s) along the cancer
control continuum does the intervention focus? (Check all that apply.)
1 Pre-Screening (i.e., focus is on primary prevention among those who have not received a skin cancer screening or diagnosis)
2 Screening (i.e., focus is on those who are conducting self- skin exams or receiving professional skin exams, OR focus is on promoting examination behavior)
3 Pre-Treatment (i.e., focus is on those who have received screening results but have not yet received treatment)
4 Treatment (i.e., focus is on people receiving treatment [surgery, chemotherapy, etc.] for skin cancer)
5 Post-treatment (i.e., focus is on skin cancer survivors)
99 Don't know / Not sure
SUMMARY In one sentence, summarize the general content and aim of the intervention, using information from the Abstract.
N/A N/A Use only information from the Abstract to answer this question. If the abstract discusses multiple intervention approaches or outcomes, it is fine to summarize multiple approaches or outcomes here. The aim of this question is to get a brief, comprehensive sense of what the intervention does.
SETTING What is (are) the intervention setting(s) That is, where is the intervention implemented? (Select all that apply.)
1 Research lab2 Home3 Schools (elementary or lower) 4 Schools (middle / high)
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5 Schools (college)6 Workplace If an intervention is for
both employees at and visitors of a recreational setting, select both options “6” and “8”
7 Medical setting8 Recreational setting (e.g., beach, pool, ski
resorts) If an intervention is for both employees at and visitors of a recreational setting, select both options “6” and “8”
9 Indoor tanning facility10 Wider community (e.g., neighborhood or
larger) 11 Internet / E-mail 12 Phone13 Mobile communications (e.g., text messaging,
apps) 14 General setting or not specified99 Don't know / Not sureOther Other: ________________________________
OUTCOMES1 Which are the PRIMARY intervention outcomes? That is, which intervention outcomes are specified in the FIRST or PRIMARY SPECIFIC AIMS? (Select all that apply.)
1 Sun protection Look to the Specific Aims section to answer this question. In general, the first specific aim will be the primary aim, unless otherwise specified. Answers to this question should be based on content from the first aim.
If the investigator describes more than one aim as “primary aims,” then content from all primary aims should be used to answer this question.
2 Outdoor UV exposure3 Indoor UV exposure4 Skin exams (self skin exam, partner assistance
with skin exam, skin exam from a medical professional, or other skin examination / detection)
5 Psychosocial constructs (e.g., risk perception, affect, efficacy, appearance motivations, etc.)
6 Promoting sun-safety of others (e.g., children or other family members)
7 Dissemination and/or implementation of an intervention
Other Other (e.g., vitamin D supplementation, physical activity, information-seeking, decision-making, quality of life, treatment delay/patient navigation, etc.)________________________________
OUTCOMES2 Which are the SECONDARY 1 Sun protection Use the Specific Aims
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intervention outcomes? That is, what are other intervention outcomes besides those specified in the primary aims? (Select all that apply.)
2 Outdoor UV exposure section to answer this question.
Answer this question with any intervention outcomes specified in aims other than the first / primary aims.
3 Indoor UV exposure4 Skin exams (self skin exam, partner assistance
with skin exam, skin exam from a medical professional, or other skin examination / detection)
5 Psychosocial constructs (e.g., risk perception, affect, efficacy, appearance motivations, etc.)
6 Promoting sun-safety of others (e.g., children or other family members)
7 Dissemination and/or implementation of an intervention
8 Not applicable (there are no secondary intervention outcomes)
Other Other (e.g., vitamin D supplementation, physical activity, information-seeking, decision-making, quality of life, treatment delay/patient navigation, etc.)________________________________
STUDYPHASE What is (are) the research phase(s) of the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
0 T0: study describes health outcomes and determinants
1 T1: preclinical study, early phase, feasibility, randomized or non-randomized trial, pilot
Select “1” if the goal is to determine initial proof that an intervention can reliably change a target outcome (proof of concept). These studies may not necessarily be concerned with control group comparisons or random assignment.
2 T2: fully powered RCT in selected sites, but not wider dissemination
T2 studies involve random assignment to intervention conditions but the intervention is studied in a protected experimental environment. If studied in a “real world” setting, it is at one site or a set of sites under the same entity (e.g., plausibly realistic settings, but not truly representing the range of
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“real world” conditions that exist if an external person were to implement the intervention at other sites.)
3 T3: implementation, wider dissemination in real world setting and practices
4 T4: evaluate public health outcomes in real world settings
T4 studies are at the population level. For example, a ski area intervention is T4 if it is implemented across all ski areas, versus a subset of ski areas.
99 Don't know / Not sureBEHAVCHANGE Does the study assess behavior change
as a result of the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 Yes, change in sun protection / tanning behavior
“Yes” responses should be selected if the grant includes repeated measures / pre-post change in a behavior / behaviors as a result of the intervention. This could refer to both self-report and objectively measured behavior change.
2 Yes, change in another behavior (e.g., dissemination, implementation, etc.)
3 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
INTAPPROACH Which of the following are included in the intervention approach? (Select all that apply.)
1 Changing or implementing a policy (e.g., a local, school, or workplace policy)
Policies can be broad, local, or more specific, including policies in workplaces, schools, or health care settings, among others. They may target sun protection, indoor/outdoor UV exposure, or other outcomes. Note: although formalized education programs, for example, should be coded “7”, codes for policy and/or built environment should also be made if the program states policy or built environment change
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2 Changing or creating a feature of the built environment
The built environment includes architectural features, shade structures, as well as other environmental features, including signs in a workplace environment
3 Targeting appearance motives for tanning or sun protection
4 Motivational interviewing 5 Targeting availability / access of sun protection
or UV exposure 6 Personalized / tailored risk communication or
feedback 7 Other health messaging (e.g., any other
education or information about sun safety, UV exposure, skin examinations, skin cancer risk, environmental risk, etc.)
If the intervention provides any health / sun protection message other than those describes previously (messaging targeting appearance motives, or feedback / messaging that is personalized or tailored to the individual), this option should be selected.
8 Discussion between medical professionals and patients
9 Change within the family contextOther Other: ________________________________ This “Other” category can
be used to include more specific information about the intervention approach
COMPARE Does the intervention have a comparison group? Select the best response (1, 2, or 3) for a comparison group used to examine the primary outcome(s). If necessary, select “Other” if you think more than one code applies, and explain.
1 Pre-post design (no comparison group)2 Compares experimental / intervention group
to a usual care or assessment-only control Select this option if the control group gets nothing beyond what is typical for the research setting.
3 Compares experimental / intervention group to an attention control or alternative control condition
Select this category if the comparison group receives a different manipulation / any treatment beyond usual care. When deciding between options 2 & 3, defer to how the
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investigator describes the control group.
4 None of the above99 Don't know / not sureOther Other _______________________________ There may be more than 1
comparison group. In such cases, select the most rigorous design included in the grant (option 2 is more rigorous than 1; option 3 is more rigorous than 2), and explain in “Other” field.
POLICY Does the intervention seek to manipulate a policy?
1 Yes Policies can be broad, local, or more specific, including policies in workplaces, schools, or health care settings, among others. They may target sun protection, indoor/outdoor UV exposure, or other outcomes.
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
POLICY2 Does the policy seek to manipulate any of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1 Access to indoor tanning 2 Use of sun protective behaviors (shirts/pants,
hats, eye-wear) 3 Use of sunscreen4 Sun exposureOther Other: _______________________________
BUILTENV Does the intervention seek to manipulate a feature of the built environment?
1 Yes The built environment includes architectural features, shade structures, as well as other environmental features, including signs in a workplace environment
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
BUILTENV2 Does the built environment change, alter, or create any of the following?
1 Shade structure(s)2 Planting or shaded-trail use 3 Architectural features to minimize sun
exposure Other Other: _______________________________
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UVPHOTO Does the intervention include … INFRARED / UV PHOTOGRAPHY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
UVPHOTO2 How is INFRARED / UV PHOTOGRAPHY used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement? For all technologyquestions: Select measurement if the technology is used to measure behavior, skin tones, survey responses, etc.
2 To communicate with a medical professional or research staff?
3 As part of the intervention? For all technologyquestions: Select this option if the technology is used as part of the intervention strategy or for delivery of the intervention
Other Other: _____________________________
DOSIMETER Does the intervention include… LIGHT DOSIMETER
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
DOSIMETER2 How is the LIGHT DOSIMETER used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
DERMASCOPE Does the intervention include... DERMASCOPE? (Note: this is a device to visually examine images of moles/skin lesions. It may or may not be used with a smartphone.)
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
DERMASCOPE2 How is the DERMASCOPE used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
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REFLECSPEC Does the intervention include… REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
REFLECSPEC2 How is REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
TEXT Does the intervention include… TEXT MESSAGING?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
TEXT2 How is TEXT MESSAGING used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
APPS Does the intervention include… MOBILE APPLICATIONS (APPS)?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
APPS2 How are APPS used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
INTERNET Does the intervention include… INTERNET / E-MAIL?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
INTERNET2 How is INTERNET / E-MAIL used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
VIDEO Does the intervention include … VIDEOS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
VIDEO2 How are VIDEOS used? (Select all that 1 For measurement?
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apply.) 2 To communicate with a medical professional or research staff?
3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
EMA Does the intervention include... ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT / DAILY DIARIES?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
EMA2 How are ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENTS / DAILY DIARIES used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
SOCMEDIA Does the intervention include… SOCIAL MEDIA?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
SOCMEDIA2 How is SOCIAL MEDIA used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
TECHOTHER Does the intervention include any other form of technology not already mentioned?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
TECHOTHER1a What is the (other) technology included in the intervention?
N/A N/A
TECHOTHER2 How is this (other) technology used? (Select all that apply.)
1 For measurement?2 To communicate with a medical professional
or research staff? 3 As part of the intervention? Other Other: _____________________________
FRAMEWORK Is there any effort to describe a conceptual framework?
1 Yes “Yes” responses do not need to be theory-specific. If a conceptual model is discussed, even it is not referred to as a theory, select “Yes.”
2 No
THEORY Is the intervention content or 1 Yes
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methodology based on any theory (i.e., does any theory drive the intervention)?
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
THEORYNAME Which theory(ies) is (are) mentioned by name to directly inform the intervention content or methodology (i.e., drive the intervention)?
1 Theory of Planned Behavior / Theory of Reasoned Action
2 Social Cognitive Theory 3 Social Ecological Theories/Models4 Diffusion of Innovations Theory5 Other theories (See next question.)6 No specific theories mentioned
THEORYNAME2 (If applicable): Which other theories not in the prior question are mentioned by name to directly inform the intervention content or methodology (i.e., drive the intervention)?
N/A N/A
RATIONALE Is any explanation given for the choice of a specific theory or constructs?
1 Yes2 No3 Not applicable99 Don’t know / Not sure
MEDIATION Is studying or testing mediation listed in the specific aims?
1 Yes Use only the specific aims section to answer this question.
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
INTERTHEORY1 Is there a general statement that an intervention will address theoretical elements / constructs?
1 Yes The default code is “No.” To select “Yes,” there needs to be a specific statement linking the intervention to the theoretical elements. Note: Although it may be uncommon, it is possible for grants to be based on theory but receive a code of “No” for this question. An example would be an intervention that is based on a certain named theory but does not discuss how the intervention addresses any of the constructs
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
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within that theory.INTERTHEORY2 (If there is a statement that an
intervention will address theoretical elements / constructs): Where does this statement occur?
1 Abstract2 Aims3 Elsewhere (e.g., data analytic plan)4 Not applicable
INTERTHEORY3 Do specific theoretical constructs map on to specific elements of the intervention?
1 Yes, comprehensive (for all or most constructs) The default is “No.” Do the investigators specifically describe how the theoretical constructs are targeted by specific strategies in the intervention? An example would be noting that a certain part of the intervention targets one construct in their model (e.g., norms), while another strategy in their intervention targets a different construct (e.g., perceived risk). This description needs to be obvious for a “yes” response to be selected. If they have this description for only some constructs, select “Yes, limited”
2 Yes, limited (for some constructs)3 No, none
BARRIERS Does the intervention study assess… PERCEIVED BARRIERS?
1 Yes For all constructsquestions:For a “Yes” response, the grant must have the same or very similar construct name to the terms in the questions
2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
BARRIERS2 How are PERCEIVED BARRIERS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target For all constructsquestions:Select “intervention target” if the investigators are looking at intervention effects on this construct, even if the construct is not the ultimate or primary
2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
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intervention outcome.
In many cases, constructs treated as mediators (or moderators) of an intervention will also be treated as intervention targets. In such cases, all options that apply should be selected. For constructs treated as mediators, the “default” code is 1 AND 2 (target & mediator). However, if the grant does not describe how the intervention affects/ targets the construct, code only “2” (mediator only).
OPTIMISM Does the intervention study assess ... DISPOSITIONAL OPTIMISM?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
OPTIMISM2 How is DISPOSITIONAL OPTIMISM treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
ENVIRONMENT Does the intervention study assess… ENVIRONMENT (i.e., physical/built or social)?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
ENVIRONMENT2 How is ENVIRONMENT (i.e., physical/built or social) treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
ILLNESSREP Does the intervention study assess... IILLNESS REPRESENTATIONS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
ILLNESSREP2 How are ILLNESS REPRESENTATIONS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator
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4 None of the above
INTWILL Does the intervention study assess ... INTENTION OR WILLINGNESS (to engage in a behavior), OR IMPLEMENTATION INTENTIONS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
INTEXPWILL2 How are BEHAVIORAL INTENTION, WILLINGNESS, OR IMPLEMENTATION INTENTIONS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
NORMS Does the intervention study assess ... NORMS / NORMATIVE BELIEFS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
NORMS2 How are NORMS / NORMATIVE BELIEFS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
OPTBIAS Does the intervention study assess … OPTIMISTIC BIAS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
OPTBIAS2 How is OPTIMISTIC BIAS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
BENEFITS Does the intervention study assess ... PERCEIVED BENEFITS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
BENEFITS2 How are PERCEIVED BENEFITS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
CONTROL Does the intervention study assess ... PERCEIVED CONTROL?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
CONTROL2 How is PERCEIVED CONTROL treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator
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4 None of the above
SEVERITY Does the intervention study assess... PERCEIVED SEVERITY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
SEVERITY2 How is PERCEIVED SEVERITY treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
VULNERABILITY Does the intervention study assess ... PERCEIVED VULNERABILITY / RISK / SUSCEPTIBILITY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
VULNERABILITY2 How is PERCEIVED VULNERABILITY / RISK / SUSCEPTIBILITY treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
EFFICACY Does the intervention study assess ... SELF-EFFICACY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
EFFICACY2 How is SELF-EFFICACY treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
OBSERVEDBEH Does the intervention study assess ... OBSERVED BEHAVIOR (any assessment of behavior that is not self-reported)?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
OBSERVEDBEH2 How is OBSERVED BEHAVIOR treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
SOCSUPP Does the intervention study assess ... SOCIAL SUPPORT?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
SOCSUPP2 How is SOCIAL SUPPORT treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator
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4 None of the above
STAGES Does the intervention study assess ... STAGES / PROCESSES OF CHANGE?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
STAGES2 How are STAGES / PROCESSES OF CHANGE treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
WORRY Does the intervention study assess... WORRY?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
WORRY2 How is WORRY treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
ATTITUDE Does the intervention study assess ... ATTITUDES? (Note: if specifically mentioned, perceived barriers and perceived benefits should be coded separately [i.e., in the earlier questions about these specific constructs], rather than here.)
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
ATTITUDE2 How are ATTITUDES treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
FATALISM Does the intervention study assess ... FATALISM?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
FATALISM2 How is FATALISM treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
FEAR Does the intervention study assess … FEAR?
1 Yes2 No
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99 Don’t know / Not sureFEAR2 How is FEAR treated in the
intervention? (Select all that apply.) 1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
KNOWLEDGE Does the intervention study assess ... KNOWLEDGE?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
KNOWLEDGE2 How is KNOWLEDGE treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
OUTEXPECT Does the intervention study assess ... OUTCOME EXPECTATIONS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
OUTEXPECT2 How are OUTCOME EXPECTATIONS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
PHYSREC Does the intervention study assess ... PHYSICIAN RECOMMENDATIONS?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
PHYSREC2 How are PHYSICIAN RECOMMENDATIONS treated in the intervention? (Select all that apply.)
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator3 As a moderator4 None of the above
OTHERCONSTR Does the intervention study assess ... ANY OTHER THEORY-BASED CONSTRUCTS (i.e., any other constructs from the theory(ies) that drive or directly inform the intervention)?
1 Yes2 No99 Don’t know / Not sure
OTHERCONSTR1a
What are the OTHER THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS assessed in the intervention study?
N/A N/A
OTHERCONSTR2 How are THE OTHER THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS treated in the
1 As an intervention target 2 As a mediator
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intervention? (Select all that apply.) 3 As a moderator4 None of the above
OTHERCONSTR3 If more than one OTHER THEORETICAL CONSTRUCT was assessed, specify below if/how they were each treated in the intervention (e.g., specify if one was treated as a mediator and another as a moderator)
N/A N/A
COMMENTS Are there any other comments about this study / challenges in coding?
N/A N/A
Timestamp (Date & time code entered) 9
10 11
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Dissemination and Implementation Codes 12 13
Item Label Question Content Response Codes
Response Code Details Instructions
DI Is this study a dissemination study or an implementation study?
1 Dissemination Dissemination research is the scientific study of targeted distribution of information and intervention materials to a specific public health or clinical practice audience. The intent is to understand how best to spread and sustain knowledge and the associated evidence-based intervention(s).
Implementation research is the scientific study of the use of strategies to adopt and integrate evidence-based health interventions into clinical and community settings in order to improve patient outcomes and benefit population health.
2 Implementation 3 Both
DIDesign What type of study design is employed?
1 Observational (e.g., cross-sectional, descriptive)
See articles on pragmatic RCTs (Zwarenstein et al.), dynamic wait-listed control designs (Brown et al), and/or hybrid effectiveness-implementation designs (Curran et al.) for details, if interested. 2 Quasi-experimental
(e.g., interrupted time series, non-equivalent control group)
3 Experimental (e.g., RCT, pragmatic RCT [pRCT], dynamic wait-listed control, cluster RCT, hybrid effectiveness-implementation designs)
4 Case Study 5 Other
DITheory What model, theory, or framework is being employed in the study?
1 None See Tabak et al. article and/or website (e.g., http://dissemination-implementation.org/index.aspx) for details on D&I theories.
2 Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)
3 RE-AIM
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4 Diffusion of Innovations 5 Other
DIOutcomes What outcomes are assessed? 1 None D = Dissemination outcomes.
I = Implementation outcomes.
EBP = evidence-based practice or program or intervention or policy.
See article by Proctor et al. on implementation outcomes, if interested.
See article by Scheirer & Dearing on sustainability, if interested.
2 Change in attitudes towards EBP (D)
3 Awareness of EBP (D) 4 Receipt of EBP (D) 5 Acceptance of EBP (D) 6 Acceptability (I) 7 Adoption (I) 8 Appropriateness (I) 9 Costs (I) 10 Feasibility (I) 11 Fidelity (I) 12 Penetration (I) 13 Sustainability (I) 14 Other
DIMethods What methods are used to assess process and/or outcomes?
1 Qualitative (e.g., interviews, focus groups)
2 Quantitative (e.g., surveys, instruments)
3 Mixed Methods (i.e., integration of qualitative and quantitative)
DISetting In what setting is the study being conducted?
1 Community-based organization
2 Medical center (e.g., private practice)
3 Recreation area (e.g., park, pool, beach)
4 School/university 5 Health department
(e.g., state, local) 6 Workplace setting 7 Other
DIStrategies Are dissemination and/or 1 Yes Dissemination strategies (e.g., packaging EBP,
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implementation strategies being tested in the study?
2 No sharing EBP).
Implementation strategies (e.g., training, organizational change). See article by Powell et al. for list of implementation strategies.
14 15
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