Summary of Plants learned in this lab

BIO 406D - Native Plants Fall 2005 Packet #8 – Ladybird Johnson Wildflower Center – November 10th Page 1 of 9

Summary of Plants learned in this lab: Family Genus Species APIACEAE Eryngium leavenworthii

APIACEAE Hydrocotyle umbellata

ASTERACEAE Conoclinium greggii

ASTERACEAE Echinacea purpurea

EBENACEAE Diospyros texana

EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia cyathaphora

FABACEAE Cercis canadensis

FABACEAE Dalea greggii

MALVAVISCUS Pavonia lasiopetala

POACEAE Muhlenbergia lindheimeri

RANUNCULACEAE Clematis texensis

SAPINDACEAE Ungnadia speciosa

SCROPHULARIACEAE Leucophyllum frutescens

SOLANACEAE Capsicum annuum

VITACEAE Parthenocissus quinquefolia

* not native to Texas


EBENACEAE (Persimmon or Ebony family) Diospyros texana Texas Persimmon, Black Persimmon tree to 30m tall Leaf surface? Look closely at the leaf margins, this is called revolute fruits sweet and edible when ripe; black juice used during frontier days to die leather black

MALVACEAE Pavonia lasiopetala Wright’s Pavonia “lasiopetala” = woolly-petaled Leaf surface? Leaf arrangement? What feature, typical of most Malvaceae, does this flower have?


SAPINDACEAE Ungnadia speciosa Mexican Buckeye, Texas Buckeye, Monilla

“speciosa” = showy, good-looking shrub or small tree to 10m tall seeds poisonous FABACEAE Cercis canadensis Redbud, Judas Tree this is one of the legumes that doesn’t follow all of the rules – look at those leaves! flowers edible and delicious! (but BRIT lists it as poisonous) leaf complexity? fruit a legume leaf arrangement? leaf shape?


EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia cyathophora Wild Poinsettia, Fire-on-the-Mountain colors?

“cyathaphora” = cup-bearing leaf arrangement? leaf surface? leaf shape extremely variable, the upper leaves sometimes called fiddle-shaped SCROPHULARIACEAE (Foxglove, Figwort, or Snapdragon family) Leucophyllum frutescens Texas Purple Sage, Ceniza


FABACEAE Dalea greggii Gregg’s Prarie Clover

leaf complexity? leaf surface? VITACEAE Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper “quinquefolia” = five-leaved tendrils branched and tipped by adhesive disks, such as habit?

leaf complexity? fruits poisonous


ASTERACEAE Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower “purpurea” = purple leaf complexity? leaf arrangement?

Echinacea species were widely used medicinally by Native Americans for a variety of purposes and are still valued today as herbal medicines. Unfortunately wild populations are under pressure from over-collecting. ASTERACEAE Conoclinium greggii Throughwort How can you distinguish this plant from C. coelestinum?


SOLANACEAE Capsicum annuum Bird Pepper, Chile Piquín, Bush Redpepper

official Native Pepper of Texas; this variety is extremely “hot” or picante The pungency is due to a volatile phenolic compound called capsaicin. This is the “mother” of cultivated peppers such as bell peppers and various chili peppers. leaf shape? RANUNCULACEAE Clematis texensis Scarlet Clematis, Red Leather-flower endemic to Texas habit?

How are the fruits of C. texensis different from those of C. drummondii?

leaf apex? leaf arrangement? This is the only truly red-flowered species of Clematis (unopened bud at right).


APIACEAE (Carrot or Parsley family) Hydrocotyle umbellata Umbrella Water-Pennywort Do you remember what this leaf shape is called?

“umbellata” = with umbels grows in wet places

POACEAE Muhlenbergia lindheimeri Lindheimer’s Muhly


APIACEAE Eryngium leavenworthii Leavenworth’s Eryngo

inflorescences conspicuously head-like but called globose to cylindrical stamens are bluish “coma of 4-8 conspicuous spinescent bracts projecting from apex of heads” vegetative tissues purple leaf margin? pinnatifid / spiny

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Summary of Plants learned in this lab