Sumit Final Report

8/3/2019 Sumit Final Report

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A REPORT

ON

GREEN JOBS CAPABILITY BUILDING

&

CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY AND

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

BY

SUMIT PAUL

10BSP0529

GREENADD+


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A REPORT

ON

GREEN JOBS CAPABILITY BUILDING

&

CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY AND INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

GREENADD+

A REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFIMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS OF PGPM PROGRAM OF IBS MUMBAI

BY

SUMIT PAUL

10BSP0529

SUBMITTED TO:-

PROF. MOHANDAS NAIR Mr. CHINTAN RAJ

IBS MUMBAI HEAD, SUSTAINABILITY CELL,

GREENADD +

DATE:-


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The spirit of Summer Internship Program lies in not merely doing the project but it is the

opportunity to re-sharpen our concepts and acquire new ones.

I am ineffably indebted to Mr. Chintan Raj of Greenadd+ for conscientious guidance and

encouragement to accomplish this assignment.

I am also highly grateful to my Faculty guide Prof. Mohandas Nair, IBS Mumbai, for his

valuable inputs, kind support and encouragement throughout the time span. I shall always remain

indebted to him for him spirit of cooperation.

On a personal note I owe profound gratitude to Mr.Lokesh Diwedi and other members of the

Greenadd+ Team for their constant guidance.

Lastly, I would also like to thank Ms. Neha Kamble, Mr. Indrayudh Banerjee and Mr.

Sameer Dhingra my co-interns for their support and help throughout the internship.

Submitted By:-

Sumit Paul

(10BSP 0529)


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ABSTRACT

Greenadd+ is an organization which provides innovative and wholesome solutions for education

& training in sustainability designed for building capacity to meet the demands of the greening

economy. It promotes a multi-disciplinary approach to real-world problem solving by advocating

and aiding collaborations between academic institutions serving different disciplines, private

corporations, governmental and non-governmental organizations with an enhanced role for

students.

The project comprises of educating the students across the country about the various prospects

for them in the field of Green Jobs. Also to convince them to try green jobs as interns at various

companies, so that they can look at green jobs as a future career option.

We visited various educational institutions around the country educating them about

sustainability various technologies associated with sustainable growth. We identified the students

who were genuinely interested in working as in interns in various industries in the domain of

green jobs and also to provide them with such opportunities.

The project also deals with corporate sustainability. The project strives to inculcate sustainability

in every area of corporate functioning and the encouraging the development of sustainableinnovative ideas. Also to encourage the development of such ideas we are trying to incubate

those ideas so that these ideas can be changed to economically viable realities.

We have tried to make a model of valuing an organization on the basis of Triple Bottom Line,

i.e. taking into account both environmental and social factors along with the financial factors

while valuing an organization. This is an ongoing project and we have been a part of it.

While visiting the various educational institutions around the country we ask the students to

come up with ideas which can be sustainable as well as profitable in the real world. Among all

the ideas which we received, a few were selected for incubation. For incubating these ideas we

have to mentor them in all aspects so that they can become a reality. This project too is a long

term project which would take another two to three months before these ideas can turn into

reality.


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The organization provided us with the guidelines about approaching such projects. Both of the

projects are a part of the organizations long term goals. The work done by us in these fields will

lead to a step forward for the organization to achieve its goals.


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Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................................................................................... 3ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 11

Economic .............................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Environmental: .................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Social: ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Green Jobs Capability Building ........................................................................................................................................ 16

Future of Green Jobs ........................................................................................................................................................ 19

Energy Supply Alternatives ..................................................................................................................................... 19

Buildings .......................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Transportation .............................................................................................................................................................. 22

Basic Industry and Recycling .................................................................................................................................. 23

THE PROCESS: .................................................................................................................................................................... 24

Education: ....................................................................................................................................................................... 25

Incubation and Internships: ......................................................................................................................................... 29

Incubation: ...................................................................................................................................................................... 29

Internships: .................................................................................................................................................................... 31

CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY ........................................................................................................................................ 32

Barriers to Corporate Sustainability ......................................................................................................................... 36

TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE ........................................................................................................................................................ 38

Financial Bottom Line (PROFIT): ............................................................................................................................... 38

Environmental Bottom Line (PLANET):.................................................................................................................. 38

Social Bottom Line (PEOPLE): ..................................................................................................................................... 38

Benefits of TPL: .................................................................................................................................................................. 39

The Process: ........................................................................................................................................................................ 40

Selection of Companies: ............................................................................................................................................ 40

Quantitative Analysis: ................................................................................................................................................ 41

Environmental Practices ........................................................................................................................................... 42

Social Governance ........................................................................................................................................................ 43

Qualitative Analysis ......................................................................................................................................................... 43


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Final Valuation: .................................................................................................................................................................. 43

LIMITATIONS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 44

LEARNINGS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 45

ANNEXURE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 46

Customer Identification for proposed projects .................................................................................................... 46

Draft of Governance Framework ................................................................................................................................ 47

Application Form Sent to the Students .................................................................................................................... 48

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 53


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INTRODUCTION

GREENADD+ was formed in the year 2008 with the vision of expediting the process of

sustainable development both in the country as well at global level. To achieve this, the

organization has been working by collaborating with various organizations, institutes and

companies in areas such as clean sources of energy, environ-mental economics and waste

management. An intensive educational curriculum has been developed for students ranging from

schools, junior colleges and also engineering as well as management institutions.

The organizations mission is to provide innovative and wholesome solutions for education &

training in sustainability, which would be designed for building capacity to meet the demands of

the greening economy. The organization also aims to create action oriented awareness and to

disseminate cogent information about environmental issues for fostering better environmental

stewardship.

GREENADD+ is working to promote a multi-disciplinary approach to real-world problem

solving by advocating and aiding collaborations between academic institutions serving different

disciplines, private corporations, governmental and non-governmental organizations with an

enhanced role for students. This would not only give the students a real life experience of hoe

organizations actually functions, but also reduce the present gap between the industry standards

and the educational standards present in our system, so that the students can be more industry

ready.

GREENADD+ basically is divided into two verticals:-

1) Education2) Re-investment


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Education The organization focuses on educating the students at school and university levels

about the role of sustainability in development not only in an economical sense but also in a

social way and an environmental way. The organization educates the student about various new

sustainable technologies, for which carries out different programs like:-

1) E-Waste I-View2) Fuel Cell Development3) Wind Power Generation System4) Eco-Trips5) Integrated Solar Systems Development6) Sustainable Development & Campus Audit7) Micro Hydro Power Turbine Development8) Green Jobs I-View9) Solar Robots

Re-investmentThe organization also re-invests a part of its revenue into causes that support

sustainable innovation, also in events which spreads the cause of sustainable development. Some

of the fields where the organization re-invests are:-

1) Global Green Jobs Network2) Sponsorships & Stipends3) 'Sustainability' Theme Conceptualization4) Innovation Scholarships5) The Social Enterprise Challenge6) National Sustainable Campus Championship

To achieve its goals GREENADD+ has entered into strategic alliances with a number of

organizations both at national and international levels. Some of the past strategic alliances

include Indian Institute of Technology, Indian School of Mines. This includes partnering with

the Ministry of German Research & Education Initiative, becoming the Official Partner to the

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Sustainable Leadership Program (Copenhagen Communiqu')

and pioneering an initiative titled 'Project Nivritti' with an aim to facilitate a sustainable


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renaissance by actively involving key stakeholders including young professionals & educational

institutions via a structured and all inclusive approach. The organization also is in alliance with

Vardaan Energy to provide solar lanterns to villages. GREEN ADD+ is also associating with

many Corporate/NGOs/Governmental Nodal agencies in the field of Sustainable Development.


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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Off late Sustainable Development has become a catchword. It has attracted attention of people

from every work of life. In 1987 the World Commission on Environment and Development

presented a report also called the Brundtland Report named Our Common Future. The report

sought to address the problem of conflicts between environment and development goals by

formulating a definition of sustainable development:

Sustainable development is development which meets the needs of the present without

compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needsThis word took a political form with the United Nations (U.N.) taking an initiative called the

U.N. Sustainable Development Agenda 21. Known around the world simply as Agenda 21, this

initiative is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally, and locally by

organizations of the United Nations System, Governments, and Major Groups in every area in

which human impacts (sic) on the environment.

This agenda by U.N. was taken in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and

Development (UNCED), commonly known as the Rio Earth Summit, where more than 178

nations adopted Agenda 21, and pledged to evaluate progress made in implementing the plan

every five years thereafter. India is also a signatory of this agenda.

But there have been critics of this agenda too. Many of the developed and developing countries

as well as experts have called the term Sustainable Development as oxymoron. According to

them sustainability and developments cannot go hand in hand. If you want to develop more you

will have to invest more money, raw materials, etc. thus meaning you are consuming more and

depleting the resources, which goes against the concept of sustainability.

In defense, the supporters of sustainable development have argued that with the advancement in

the technologies, development is possible along with sustainability.


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Extensive discussions on this topic have brought out three aspects of sustainable development:

i. Economicii. Environmental

iii. SocialThese three aspects have to be balance through trade-offs in one field or other with a aim of

development in all the three aspects. For this to happen each and every problem has to be

examined from all the three perspectives. Economists, one might assume, would tend to give

greater weight to the economic objectives, ecologists to the environmental dimension, and social

theorists to the social issues. But to attain the goal all of them will have to collaborate.


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Economic: An economically sustainable system must be able to produce goods and services on a

continuing basis, to maintain manageable levels of government and external debt, and to avoid

extreme sectoral imbalances which damage agricultural or industrial production.

According to standard economic theory, efficient resource allocation should have the effect of

maximizing utility from consumption. But while allocating resources, we have to also keep in

mind that the relative welfare of the future generation is also kept in mind, i.e. there are enough

resources in the future to carry out the processes in a profitable way. For example a resource

costing ` 100 today does not costs ` 100,000 tomorrow as a result of unavailability of resources.

Also while making economic decisions factors like soil erosion or atmospheric buildup of

greenhouse gases, where the most damaging impacts are felt over decades or generations should

be considered. Natural capitals should also be kept in mind. Soils and atmospheric functions are

aspects of natural capital, which consists of all the natural resources and environmental services

of the planet. There should be a policy which leads to two decision rules, one for renewable and

the other for non-renewable resources. For renewable, the rule should be to limit resource

consumption to sustainable yield levels; for nonrenewable the rule should be to re-invest the

proceeds from non-renewable resource exploitation into investment in renewable natural capital.

The concept of a safe minimum standard should be applied to concerns about intergenerational

fairness, resource constraints, and human impact. There should be a safe minimum standard a

dividing line between moral imperatives to preserve and enhance natural resource systems and

the free play of resource trade-offs. Following a safe minimum standard, society would rule out

actions that could result in natural impacts beyond a certain threshold of cost and irreversibility.

Environmental: An environmentally sustainable system must maintain a stable resource base,

avoiding over-exploitation of renewable resource systems or environmental sink functions, and

depleting non-renewable resources only to the extent that investment is made in adequate

substitutes. This includes maintenance of biodiversity, atmospheric stability, and other

ecosystem functions not ordinarily classed as economic resources.


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Unlike in economics where there is no upper limit of growth, the ecology does have a limit till

which it can sustain population and consumption. While humans may appear to evade them for a

time, they must ultimately accept the boundaries of a finite planet. According to Ecologist Paul

Ehrlich, humans are now consuming, co-opting, or eliminating some 40% of the basic energy

supply for all terrestrial animals. Clearly, a doubling of this demand, as might well be implied

by a 33% growth in population (to 8 billion) and a 50% growth in per capita consumption by

2050, would leave little room for any other species on the planet.

So human beings have to embed sustainability in their lives so that the ecological limit is not

crossed. We are already seeing the effects of over-exploitation of our environmental resources in

form of the drastically changing weather patterns and other impacts of climate change.

Social: A socially sustainable system must achieve distributional equity, adequate provision of

social services including health and education, gender equity, and political accountability and

participation.

Normally people tend to give less importance in comparison to the other two aspects. But they

tend to forget that unless until there social development none of the other aspects can sustain

because the society is the main driver of the changes.

The concept of sustainable development raises the issue of whether present life-styles are

acceptable and whether there is any reason to pass them on to the next generation. Because inter-

generational equity must go hand in hand with intra-generational equity, a major restructuring of

the worlds income and consumption patterns may be a necessary precondition for any viable

strategy of sustainable development.

The issue of environmental sustainability is intertwined with that of poverty and inequity. It has

been noted that the causative relationship runs both ways increased poverty and loss of rural

livelihoods accelerates environmental degradation as displaced people put greater pressure on

forests, fisheries, and marginal lands.

In trying to bring development we generally tend to follow a proven method which has been

successfully applied some where else. In doing so we tend to neglect the local culture, traditions


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and beliefs, this neglect gives rise to dissatisfaction and creates tension. So each and every

regions solution should include its society, this would give rise to development in other two

aspects also.


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Green Jobs Capability Building

The world today is rising to the concept of Sustainable Development. When dealing with

sustainable development often the main priorities are given to the economic and environmental

aspects and the social aspect is forgotten. But Sustainable Development cant be complete

without the development on the societal front, and one of the main needs of the society today is

lack of jobs, here comes Green Jobs.

Green jobs has been defined by United Nations Environment Program as work in agricultural,

manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that

contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality. Specifically, but not

exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy,

materials, and water consumption through high efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy;

and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution.

With the rising acceptability of the concept of sustainability, new jobs are beginning to emerge in

favor of greener, cleaner and more sustainable occupations. The bulk of documented growth in

Green Jobs has so far occurred mostly in developed countries, and some rapidly developing

countries like Brazil and China. Green Jobs are also beginning to be seen in other developing

economies. A project in Bangladesh, training local youth and women as certified solar

technicians and as repair and maintenance specialists, aims to create some 100,000 jobs. In India,

an initiative to replace inefficient biomass cooking stoves in nine million households with more

advanced ones could create 150,000 jobs. It now appears that a green economy can generate

more and better jobs everywhere and that these can be decent jobs.

Despite such optimism, it is clear that urgent action is needed. In some areas, especially in the

developing world, new jobs being created in the food, agriculture and recycling sectors as a

result of climate change and environment leave much to be desired and can hardly be considered

as decent. Climate change is also having a negative impact on jobs in some areas. Sectors

consuming large amounts of energy and natural resources are likely to see a decline in jobs.

Climate change is already damaging the livelihoods of millions, mostly poor people in

developing countries. Thus, just transitions to new opportunities and sustainable jobs and

incomes are needed for those affected.


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From a broad conceptual perspective, employment will be affected in at least four ways as the

economy is oriented toward greater sustainability:

1) In some cases, additional jobs will be created for example in the manufacturing ofpollution-control devices added to existing production equipment.

2) Some employment will be substitutedas in shifting from fossil fuels to renewables, orfrom truck manufacturing to rail car manufacturing, or from landfilling and waste

incineration to recycling.

3) Certain jobs may be eliminated without direct replacementas when packagingmaterials are discouraged or banned and their production is discontinued.

4) It would appear that many existing jobs (especially such as plumbers, electricians, metalworkers, and construction workers) will simply be transformed and redefined as day-to-

day skill sets, work methods, and profiles are greened.


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Green jobs need to be decent work, i.e. good jobs which offer adequate wages, safe working

conditions, job security, reasonable career prospects, and worker rights. Peoples livelihoods and

sense of dignity are bound up tightly with their jobs. A job that is exploitative, harmful, fails to

pay a living wage, and thus condemns workers to a life of poverty can hardly be hailed as green.

There are today millions of jobs in sectors that are nominally in support of environmental

goalssuch as the electronics recycling industry in Asia, or biofuel feedstock plantations in

Latin America, for instancebut whose day-to-day reality is characterized by extremely poor

practices, exposing workers to hazardous substances or denying them the freedom of association.

Green and decent

Examples:

- Unionized wind and solar

power jobs

- Green architects

- Well-paid public transit

employees

Green, but not decent

Examples:

- Electronics recycling without

adequate occupational

safety

- Low-wage installers of solar

panels

- Exploited biofuels plantation

days laborers

Neither green nor decent

Examples:

- coal mining without adequate

safety

- Women workers in the cut

flower industry in Africa and

in Latin America

- Hog slaughterhouse workers

Decent, but not green

Examples:

- Unionized car

manufacturing workers

- Chemical engineers

- Airline pilots

E

n

v

i

r

o

n

m

e

nt

Decent Work


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Future of Green Jobs lets have a look at the future of the Green Jobs and the sectors where

they are expected to grow.

Energy Supply Alternatives

Along with expanding investment flows and growing production capacities, employment in

renewable energy is growing at a rapid pace, and this growth seems likely to accelerate in the

years ahead. Compared to fossil-fuel power plants, renewable energy generates more jobs per

unit of installed capacity, per unit of power generated and per dollar invested.

Globally, some 300,000 workers are employed in wind power and perhaps 170,000 in solar

photovoltaics (PV). More than 600,000 people are employed in the solar thermal sectorby far

most of them in China. Almost 1.2 million workers are estimated to be employed in generating

biomass-derived energy (mostly biofuels) in just four leading countries: Brazil, the United States,

Germany, and China. Overall, the number of people presently employed in the renewable energy

sector runs to about 2.3 million.

Types of jobs that are created in green building and the retrofitting process include green

designers, architects, auditors, engineers, estimators, project managers, and various jobs in the

construction trades, such as pipe fitters, sheet metal workers, and general construction workers,

among others. These jobs are created during the initial construction or investment periods and

are likely to be local jobs, which is especially beneficial for developing regions and areas of high

unemployment.

Given rapidly rising interest in energy alternatives, future years may well see worldwide

employment soarpossibly as high as 2.1 million in wind energy and 6.3 million in solar PVs

by 2030, and on the order of 12 million jobs in biofuels-related agriculture and industry.

Projections for individual countries all indicate strong potential for large job creation in coming

years and decades. Installations and maintenance of solar PV and solar thermal systems inparticular offer tremendous job growth.


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The table below is the estimated employment in renewable energy production sector

Renewable Energy Source World Selected Countries

Wind 300,000 Germany

United States

Spain

China

Denmark

India

82,100

36,800

35,000

22,200

21,000

10,000

Solar PV 170,000 China

Germany

Spain

United States

55,000

35,000

26,449

15,700

Solar Thermal 624,000-plus China

Germany

Spain

United States

600,000

13,300

9,142

1,900

Biomass 1,174,000 Brazil

United States

China

Germany

Spain

500,000

312,200

266,000

95,400

10,349

Hydropower 39,000-plus Europe

United States

20,000

19,000

Geothermal 25,000 United States

Germany

21,000

4,200

Renewables, Combined 2,332,000-plus

Source : UNEP


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Buildings

In the building sector and elsewhere in the economy, defining the energy-efficiency sector is a

vexing problem, since most of the relevant forms of employment are embedded in a broad range

of existing industries such as vehicle manufacturing, construction, lighting, heating and cooling

equipment, electronics, appliances, and so on. A major study commissioned by the American

Solar Energy Society (ASES) concludes that in 2006, there were 3.5 million direct jobs in energy

efficiency-related activities in the United States, plus another 4.5 million indirect jobs, for a total

of just over 8 million.

Efficiency measures in the building sector include green buildings and retrofitting as well as

improving the efficiency of individual building components including: water heaters, cooking

equipment, domestic appliances, office equipment, electronic appliances, heating, ventilation and

air conditioning systems, and lighting. Macroeconomic studies, most of which have occurred in

the United States and European Union, show that these energy-efficiency measures lead to an

overall net increase in jobs. This positive result of both environmental gains and employment

generation is known as the double dividend.

Source: UNEP


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Types of jobs that are created in green building and the retrofitting process include green

designers, architects, auditors, engineers, estimators, project managers, and various jobs in the

construction trades, such as pipe fitters, sheet metal workers, and general construction workers,

among others. These jobs are created during the initial construction or investment periods and

are likely to be local jobs, which is especially beneficial for developing regions and areas of high

unemployment.

Transportation

Characterized by a heavy reliance on cars and trucksand increasingly airplanesfor both

passenger and freight movement, transportation is a major consumer of fossil fuels and a big

contributor to climate change. It is responsible for an estimated 23 percent of energy-related

greenhouse gas emissions, with the fastest-rising carbon emissions of any economic sector.

Soaring fuel prices have become a major incentive for cars, trucks and airplane companies to

pursue fuel efficiency more vigorously. Producing more fuel-efficient vehicles is the mostimmediate way in which environmental impacts can be reduced. An assessment of the most

efficient passenger cars available today suggests that relatively green auto-industry jobs may

number about a quarter million.

Hybrid vehicles can be an important part of the solution, provided the added electric motor is

used to reduce gasoline consumption instead of adding to a vehicles power and acceleration.

Railways are more environment-friendly and labor intensive than the car industry. But the trend

over the last few decades has been away from railways in many countries, and employment

both in running rail lines and in manufacturing locomotives and rolling stock has fallen.Even inChina (where the rail network grew by 24 percent in 19922002) railway employment was cut

from 3.4 million to 1.8 million. Indias railway jobs declined from 1.7 million to 1.5 million.

More jobs can be created in these sectors for making the rails popular once again.

Buses, trams, and railways use far less energy per passenger- or freight-kilometer than road

vehicles. Jobs in manufacturing the requisite rolling stock and equipment and in operating these

systems are, in principle, green jobs. Modern Bus Rapid Transit systems are being put in place

in growing numbers of cities around the world. There are substantial green employmentopportunities in retrofitting buses to reduce particulate matter and nitrogen oxides emissions, and


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in manufacturing new buses that run on alternative fuels including compressed natural gas

(CNG) or hybrid-electric buses. For example in Indias capital New Delhi, the introduction of

6,100 CNG buses by 2009 is expected to lead to the creation of 18,000 new jobs.

Basic Industry and Recycling

Industries producing basic materialsiron and steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, and pulp and

paperare among the most energy-intensive industries. It may be difficult to regard them as

green. However, boosting energy and materials efficiency, curtailing pollution, and enhancing

use of scrap for recycling (which offers substantial energy savings over virgin production) are

key to bringing these industries environmental footprints more into balance with environmental

need.

Recycling makes an important contribution to reducing energy consumption and associated

pollution of air and water. Besides scrap-based manufacturing, there are many jobs in materials

collection and recovery, sorting and processing, as well as re-manufacturing of appliances and

other equipment.


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Education:

We as a team have gone to various reputed educational institutions around the country, like BITS

Pilani, Goa Campus; NIT Durgapur, Durgapur; IIT Kanpur, Kanpur; Delhi College of

Engineering, New Delhi; Shastra University, Tanjavore; Amrita University, Coimbatore;

etc. Workshops and Seminars were conducted at these educational institutions across the

country to educate the students about various prospects for them in the field of Green

Jobs. We try to convince them to try green jobs as interns at various companies, so that

they can look at green jobs as a future career option. I have been educating the students

on the various technologies that can be used for generating energy which would be both

eco-friendly and sustainable. Also treatment of electronic waste have been taken up and

also the business opportunity in dealing with e-waste.

a) Fuel Cell Technology:

We informed the students about fuel cells as a source of energy and how by just usinghydrogen and oxygen from the air we can create energy with the end product as water.

Thus how this technology can be helpful in creating sustainable sources of energy. We

also briefed them about the current situation of the technologies and whether one should

invest or not and why.

What are fuel cells?

How a source of

energy?Working theory

Fuel Cell

The types of fuel celladvantages and

disadvantages of

different types pf fuel

cell

TypesIn cars

Source of electricity

Should we INVEST?

Application


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b) Solar and Wind Hybrid:

We educated the students about how solar energy and wind energy can be used together

to generate power and how each of them complements each other. We also introduced the

concept of smart grids and what are the constraints to their implementation in India.

Wind n SolarHybrid

Why combine them?

Advantages

Smart Grids

WindEnergy

About WindEnergy

About Wind Mills

Solar

Energy

About Solar Energy

AboutPhotovoltaics(pv)

Generations of pv

Future


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c) E-Waste Management:

In e-waste management we educate the students about the waste generating from various

electronic equipments and the hazard caused by them. We update them with the laws

about e-waste and the global scenario. We teach them the correct method of handling

such waste and how the handling of such waste can be turned into a profitable business

opportunity.

A mapping of the e-waste industry in India was done, so that in future these organizations

can be contacted for bringing the both ends of spectrum; i.e. students and the industries

closer. (Annexure)

What is e-

waste?

What isharmful in

them?

Types

Global

ScenarioLaws

the right

method

waste can be a

goldmine

extraction of

valuable

materials


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Incubation and Internships:

As a part of green job capability building we have also encouraged students to take up

internships as green job interns. We have also selected some students project; these projects will

now be incubated.

Incubation:

As part of incubation we have selected seven projects which now will be incubated by the

company into reality. These projects are:-

1. Paper from Mushroom - NIT Durgapur

2. Algae Power / Biodiesel - NIT Durgapur

3. Application of wind energy in moving objects - Amrita University

4. Piezoelectric Power - Amrita University

5. Water techGuru Gobind Singh College of Engineering, Nanded

6. ICT & AgricultureBITS, Goa

7. Solar CSP - BIT Mesra, Patna

Since all these projects or business proposals belong to students, they have to be handled with

care. Our organization will be the angel investor to these students. We as angel investors will not

only be providing capital to these projects, but also nurturing these projects. We will be giving

them all the assistance, whether it is searching for the right market or getting required clearances

and other requirements. By investing in these projects we would be getting a share of the revenue

generated with a future exit plan where we would be pulling out of the project and leave the

whole project with the students to whom it belongs. This will be done once the student is able to

carry on the work without the help from the organization.

It is like we are more of investing in the idea rather than the people as they are stillundergraduate students and are pre-occupied with other things along with their projects. We are

planning to start these projects in the summers when these students would have finished their

semesters and would have two to three months free to solely invest in their projects. So for this

we have identified the target customers for the proposed products (Annexure) also we have

created an application form for these students to fill in so that we can have the idea of the


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As of now we are communicating with the students or to say the owners of the idea and making

them understand the path to be followed and also understanding exactly what is the assistance

that they want from the organization for their projects. We on the other hand are explaining to

them the assistance that we can provide to them.

After this stage is over the organization along with the students will start the implementation

stage of the projects.

Internships:

We are also encouraging students to take internships in the field of Green Jobs. We are in talks

with some companies to take interns for green job profiles. Two interns have been working under

me in the field of green building technologies. Similarly we are trying to get internships for more

students in the field of green jobs. This area would be looked upon in the month of May, when

the students in most of the colleges will be over with their end-semesters exams.


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CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY

Corporate sustainability is a business approach that creates long-term consumer and employee

value by not only creating a green strategy aimed towards the natural environment, but taking

into consideration every dimension of how a business operates in the social, cultural, and

economic environment. It also includes formulating strategies to build a company that fosters

longevity through transparency and proper employee development. Corporate sustainability

describes business practices built around social and environmental considerations.

Management strategies which are driven by shareholder value objectives have been highly

successful for businesses of all sizes in the past fifty years. The focus has been to maximize the

shareholders wealth, the whole business models have been based on this one aspect and it has

become the part of the work culture in the organizations all over the world. As a result, such

objectives have been a powerful engine in creating value.

But, despite the clear benefits of this traditional model, driving businesses by shareholder value

alone is now also a largely unsustainable one. Traditionally the priority which is given to the

shareholder return means a whole range of concerns that shouldnt be overlooked, have been

overlooked in the past. This emphasis on the shareholder return has made it hard for executives

to bring in real change in areas that didnt affect the share price, no matter how deeply they may

have desired it. Use of resources, waste management, pollution, climate change and biodiversity

are all issues of great importance which, in the traditional business model, have had to give way

to the maximization of shareholder return.

Today that approach is no longer viable in the long term. Business practices that result in

products with huge amounts of waste embedded in them; that involve the consumption of large

amounts of energy; that undermine local communities or contaminate the environment can no

longer be justified on the basis of shareholder return.


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Corporate sustainability is more of a journey to be undertaken rather than an end-state. It

contains of various stages.

1) Setting the Vision: Many organizations start their journey by examining thesustainability frameworks, like the triple bottom line (people, planet and profits), the

Natural Step and corporate social responsibility. While defining sustainability for the

organization and the approaches to be taken, one has to imagine how the sustainable

version of the organization looks like. One will have to focus on the intersection between

organizations strengths and the opportunities presented by increased consumer demandfor sustainability. For instance, if a restaurant chain considers purchasing ingredients that

are organically or locally grown, then this would reduce the impact on their supply chain

and would provide a healthier product for customers.

Setting the Vision

Staffing the Effort

Establishing Metrics to

Measure Progress

Implmenting Strategic Initiatives

Communicating the Resultsto All

Stakeholders


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So a brainstorming must be done on the above mentioned lines to outline the new

sustainable business opportunities. One must consider the challenges and the advantages

that sustainability would provide the company with.

2) Staffing the Effort: Once the firm has a vision of where the firm is going, the next stepis to determine who will do the work to get the firm there. Many organizations have

established sustainability taskforces to oversee the effort. Senior management and/ or

corporate executive sponsorship and support for the sustainability initiative and taskforce

are crucial.

Taskforces should include people from different divisions of a company, so that the team

can draw on varied expertise and unique vantage points. By including people from sales,

operations, and administration, ideas for greening the company are adequately vetted

before they are recommended to the entire organization.

The taskforce should gather information on the current environmental impacts of an

organization. This information then can help them determine appropriate reduction

targets and develop strategic initiatives. Once a taskforce is formed, then the

sustainability plan should be drafted.

3) Establishing Metrics to Measure Progress: An important step in sustainability planningis measuring environmental impacts. There are well-established sustainability accounting

tools for measuring reductions in greenhouse gases, energy use, solid waste & recycling,

and water use. These tools help organizations establish environmental impact baselines.

Reductions are determined by the extent to which impacts are reduced compared to the

baseline measurement.

4) Implementing Strategic Initiatives: Once the larger vision has been established, thestaff chosen and various measurements are underway, it is time to choose specific

initiatives for implementation. Sustainability planning should generate initiatives that are

particularly relevant to each business competitive situation and internal strengths. A

service company may choose to green its office practices whereas a manufacturer may

choose to certify products under various third-party rating schemes. Every organization

should think about greening their supply chain and facilities.


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Greening office practices typically includes reducing paper use and increasing recycling.

As one example, many organizations make recycling bins more accessible than trash

cans. This relatively small change, making recycling more convenient than throwing

things away, can have a dramatic affect on increasing recycling rates. Paper products

constitute the single largest category of landfill waste, even though paper recycling is

offered in numerous municipalities. Using paper more efficiently saves money because

one wont need to buy as much, and buying paper with recycled content reduces

environmental impact.

The first step to greening the supply chain establishes criteria for environmentally

preferable purchasing (EPP). The following product attributes are typically included in

EPP policies:

Pre-consumer and post-consumer content

Salvaged, refurbished or reused content or value (ex: building materials, furniture, and

equipment)

Rapidly renewable materials

Harvested, extracted, and or processed locally (within 500 miles)

Low- or no-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) furniture, paints, sealants, or composite

wood products

Energy efficient (ex: ENERGY STAR lights, printers, monitors, etc.)

Water efficient (WaterSense labeled)

Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified wood


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5) Communicating the Results to All Stakeholders: Every serious corporate sustainabilityeffort requires effective communications to all internal and external stakeholders.

Sustainability reports make organizational commitments clear, and so many organizations

publish annual sustainability reports. Sustainability reporting is the practice of measuring,

disclosing, and being accountable to internal and external stakeholders for organizational

performance towards the goal of sustainable performance.

There are sustainability index also which are listed in stock markets like Dow Jones.

These indices are just like a companies stock values which goes up and down. Companies

also have to bring out annual sustainability reports to avail debt from foreign lenders as

according to International Finance Corporation (IFC) a company has to produce one to

avail overseas debt.

Barriers to Corporate Sustainability

There are certain barriers to Corporate Sustainability too. These are:

1) Prime movers Unless and until the prime companies in a region implement CorporateSustainability, the smaller players wont join the movement, so a leader is always needed

and not easily found.

2) Culture It is the companys culture that needs to change for the true potential of anintegrated, systemic approach to sustainability to be unlocked. It is never easy to change a

companys work culture; the change has to come from the top level management so that

the lower levels get encouraged to work towards attaining sustainability.

3) Short-termism Corporate Sustainability should be a part of the companys long termplanning. As a result there maybe losses in the short run. The companies generally

overlook the long run profit due to Corporate Sustainability by concentrating more on

avoiding the short term losses.

4) Development versus sustainability Another barrier stems from different levels ofdevelopment around the world. While many Western countries may be prepared to adopt


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standards that limit unsustainable behavior, many in developing nations, particularly

China and India, make the point that it is unfair on them to be expected to adopt far

higher social and environmental standards than the West adopted at a comparable stage in

its industrialization.

5) Measuring sustainability impacts Instilling a fresh attitude based on sustainabilityrequires a shift in culture, but it also requires a systematic approach and real data. One of

the challenges in this area is that many of the initiatives that companies, governments and

organizations have taken with respect to sustainability have been ad-hoc and

opportunistic. Somebody has a good idea, they figure out how to do it and it gets done,

but not because its regarded as the most significant or highest-priority thing to do. As a

result, the evidence of the effectiveness of such initiatives is often anecdotal rather than

fully data-based.

Organizations like United Nations Global Compact have been working for the last decade to

encourage companies towards corporate sustainability. The past ten years has witnessed

enormous developments in the field of corporate sustainability. Thousands of companies around

the world have established commitments and policies to integrate and diffuse universal principles

in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and anti-corruption. This reflects the ever-

increasing adoption of corporate sustainability principles and tenets by companies of all sizes,

sectors, and geographies.

As a part of the corporate sustainability we had to design a basic valuation technique on the basis

ofTriple Bottom Line (TBL) accounting.


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TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE

In the present times valuing an organization simply on the lines of its financial performance is

not enough. An organization apart from its financial stakeholders is also responsible for the

environment that it operates in and also to the society it serves. So while valuing an organization

these two factors should be taken into account too and this forms the base of Triple Bottom

Line (TBL) accounting.

The notion of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) accounting has become increasingly fashionable in

management, consulting, investing, and NGO circles over the last few years. The idea behind the

TBL paradigm is that a corporations ultimate success or health can and should be measured not

just by the traditional financial bottom line, but also by its social/ethical and environmental

performance.

Therefore TBL is the process of evaluating the organizations on three dimensions: financial,

environmental and social. It is also called 3P accounting: People (Social), Planet

(Environmental) & Profit (Financial).

Financial Bottom Line (PROFIT): The main aim of Financial Bottom Line in TBL context is

not the accounting figures but the indicators indicating to long term economic value of investing

in the company. These indicators also indicate towards the efficiency and effectiveness of the

companys resource utilization.

Environmental Bottom Line (PLANET): The aim here is to minimize waste generation per

functional unit. In the long run production costs reduce and waste at the source is also reduced.

The indicators in this field are of two types: ones which are generic and the others which are

specific to each industry.

Social Bottom Line (PEOPLE): This area deals with labor and quality of the work

environment. Major areas of concern are hours of work, compensation management, harassment,

discrimination, child and bonded labor, etc. It also covers various CSR activities and other social

parameters to evaluate an organization.


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Benefits of TPL:

Although the initial cost can be higher, future benefits make this a worthy investment. And

future costs can be much greater, if businesses neglect the responsibility to their impact on the

people and planet. Continuing business as usual can equate to environmental and social

degradation.

The following are some of the benefits ofevaluating ones organization on the basis of TPL:

Companies that implement TBL accounting can increase business because they appearmore socially and environmentally responsible than their competitors.

The correct use of TBL accounting reduces the likelihood that the company will get badmedia coverage because of unfair wages, the use of child labor, unsafe work conditions

or its adverse environmental impact.

The companies that already issue similar reports do so for two reasons: to meet investordemand and to gain recognition for actions performed. Companies such as Shell and Nike

have used this type of reporting to rebuild their reputations after receiving negative

publicity for poor environmental and social decisions.

Companies can also derive financial benefits from TBL reporting. They can catch theattention of new investors, as well as attract and retain employees.

TBL reporting allows for transparency of a companys environmental and socialaccomplishments, weaknesses, and future goals


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The Process:

The process of evaluating a company on the basis was created by us, which is given below.

Selection of Companies:

Before conducting an evaluation, companies have to be selected these companies must be willing

to provide data for environmental and social data for valuation on the environmental and social

dimensions, while financial data can be taken from different financial reports. Some companies

comes out with their sustainability reports which can be helpful, but the evaluating firm should

be in close contact with the company for getting data which are not found in these reports, which

are mainly social factors.

Selection of

companies

Quantitative

Analysis

Qualitative

Analysis

Final

Valuation


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Quantitative Analysis:

The companys records are gone through and each company is assigned a quantitative ranking

based on three factorstransparency and disclosure of

1. Corporate governance2. Environmental practices3. Social governance

Raw values for each factor are calculated for each company in the index. These values are, then,

standardized. The three standardized values are summed and the companies are ranked in

descending order.

The records which are to be analyzed at this stage are given below:

Sustainability reports Environmental reports Health and safety reports Social reports Annual financial reports Special reports (e.g. on intellectual capital management, corporate governance, R&D,

employee relations)

All other sources of company information; e.g. internal documentation, brochures andwebsite.

Questionnaires Media and stakeholder reports as well as other publicly available information

Personal Contact with Companies


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Corporate Governance The companies are valued as per different valuation models

(Annexure). The companies are given ratings according to their score on different other

parameters of corporate governance. The criteria on which the companies are rated are:-

Dimension Criteria

Economic Codes of Conduct / Compliance / Corruption &

Bribery

Corporate Governance

Risk & Crisis Management

Industry Specific Criteria

Valuation models were formed which are attached in the annexure.

Environmental Practices- The companies are then evaluated on environmental parameters. The

total environmental cost and the environmental revenues of the companies will be then

calculated. The model is attached in the annexure. The companies are then also ranked according

to their performance in this area.

Dimension Criteria

Environmental Environmental Reporting



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Social Governance - Social Governance accounting is a way of identifying how well an

organization or enterprise is achieving its aims and values, and keeping track of the impact it is

having on the society that it serves.

Social accounting can be used when reporting to funders on the outcomes of projects and

initiatives. But it is important not to lose sight of the primary purpose of social accounting as a

means for c organizations and enterprises to track for themselves how they are going.

The criteria on which the companies are rated are:-

Dimension Criteria

Social Corporate Citizenship/ Philanthropy

Labor Practice Indicators

Human Capital Development

Social ReportingTalent Attraction & Retention


Qualitative Analysis:

After quantitative analysis is done then qualitative analysis is to be done. This analysis is done

from reports from media and other independent sources and not from data coming out from the

organizations.

As this is an ongoing project of our organization, this part would be worked upon in the near

future.

Final Valuation:

Based on the total scores from both quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, the final

valuation of the company would be done.


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LIMITATIONS

The projects had their limitations. Some of them are listed below:-

Greenjob Capability Building

There are huge numbers of institutions in the country and all of them cannot be includedin the project.

As there is not much awareness of this concept in the corporate level as well, therefore itis very difficult to find green jobs for the students in the corporate world.

All sustainable innovations cannot be implemented presently due to various legal andinfrastructure related problems.

Many small corporate do not have the necessary infrastructure or funds to inculcatesustainability or green jobs in their respective organizations.

Valuing an Organization on basis of Triple Bottom Line

Though financial data can be easily found out, but environmental and social informationis hard to find as very few companies come up with their sustainability reports or follow

the General Reporting Guidelines.

Social information is not very reliable, and for verifying it a large dedicated workforce isneeded and there is not much workforce available with the organization.

Indian organizations are not much informed about the concept or the benefits of it as aresult are not much willing to part with the required information.


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ANNEXURE

Customer Identification for proposed projects

Project proposed Customers Identified

PAPER FROM MUSHROOM--

low grade paper tissue paper manufacturing industries

"wrapping" purposes in packaging industry

high grade paper note book manufacturers

a4/a3 sheet manufacturers

newspaper roll manufacturers

WIND ENERGY APPLICATION MOUNTING ON BUSES / TRUCKS

APPLICATION IN RAIL WAYS

METRO RAIL TO REDUCE ELECTRICITY

CONSUMPTION

BIKES AS MOBILE CHARGING POINTS

ALGAE POWER/ BIO-DIESEL MARKET TO OIL COMPANIES. TECHNOLOGY

TRANSFER

PRIVATE OIL OUTLETS WILL NEED HUGE

INVESTMENTS

ICT & AGRICULTURE THE FARMING COMMUNITY


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Draft of Governance Framework

GUIDE LINES FOR PROJECTS UNDER GREEN ADD+

THE PROJECTS SELECTED BY GREEN ADD+ NEED TO ADHERE TO AND FOLLOW

CERTAIN GUIDELINES THAT ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE COMPANY

POLICIES. NON ADHERENCE TO THE PRE-SET GUIDELINES MAY RESULT IN

TERMINATION OF THE AGREEMENT.

GREEN ADD+ will provide all financial support ( by itself or other external sources) and

provide all mentoring and logistical support. The project development duties lie with the

parent organization and GREEN ADD+ is not liable for its progress. All project

delivery/completion dates ( as agreed upon by both parties) must be honored ( except in

case of exceptional circumstances).

Total dedication and project development is expected during the project time frame.

GREEN ADD+ will provide for all the needed personnel support as within agreement

guidelines

Both parties will strictly abide by the revenue sharing model that will be framed keeping

mutual benefits under consideration. All financial models will follow financial

transaction guidelines laid down by the regulatory authorities.

Any third party involvement will need prior approval from GREEN ADD+

All decisions towards commercial viability of project will be taken by a panel consisting

of representatives from GREEN ADD+ and parent organization.

No single party will have total copy write privilege of the project.


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Application Form Sent to the Students

APPLICATION FORM

NAME

.

IDEA PROPOSED

..

..

..

..

..

.

TECHNOLOGY USED

.


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..

.

..

.

FOCUS MARKET

..

HOW MUCH POGRESS HAS BEEN ACHIEVED IN PILOT MODEL

..

.

HOW MUCH INVESTMENT NEEDED FOR PILOT IMPLEMENTATION

..


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...

ROAD MAP FOR COMMERCIALIZATION AFTER PILOT PHASE

..

..

.

..

INVESTMENT FOR COMMERCIALIZARION PHASE

.

.

.


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RISKS TO BE CONCIDERED

.

..

..

TEAM DETAILS

..

.

.

TIME

FRAME

.


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References

Latest techno

Basic infra needs

Any funding approach n results


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Documents

Sumit Final Report