Sudeep A. MathewExtension Educator

UME - Dorchester CountyJoseph A. Fiola, Ph.D.

Specialist in Viticulture and Small FruitUniversity of Maryland Extension

Integrated Crop

Management

for New VineyardsSudeep A. MathewExtension Educator

UME - Dorchester CounyJoseph A. Fiola, Ph.D.

Specialist in Viticulture and Small FruitUniversity of Maryland Extension

Basics of Pest Management

Disease

Management

for New VineyardsSudeep A. MathewExtension Educator

University of Maryland Extension Dorchester County

Cambridge, Maryland

Basics of Pest Management

IPM/SVP/ICM Program ComponentsA “Whole Plant Health Care Plan”

• Disease/Insect Management• monitoring/trapping• forecasting• control choices

• pesticides/mating disruption

• Weed Management• cultivation• cover crops

• Other Pests• birds, deer

• Cultural Practices• site selection• site preparation• soil management• cultivar selection• cultural practices

• canopy management• nutrition

Basics of Pest Management

“The most important thing you can put into the vineyard is your footprints!”

Basics of Pest Management

Proximity to WoodsBasics of Pest Management

Increasedpressure from:Wildlife - habitatInsects - wild vinesDiseases - reduced air movement

Basics of Pest Management

Bio-Renovation Programhttp://www.grapesandfruit.umd.edu/Pages/biorenovationsmallfruitsfs.pdf

• Increase organic matter

• Nutrition• Nitrogen and nutrient holding capacity

• Herbicide efficacy• Reduction/elimination of residual herbicides

• adsorption of herbicides

• Reduction of plant pathogenic nematodes

• direct competition• vector of virus diseases

• Control perennial weeds

Basics of Pest Management

©Howard Ferris, 1999. Used by permission of author. Sourced from: http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/Nemaplex

• Left: grapevine roots damaged by lesion nematodes

• Right: a healthy root system

Nematode Damage

Major GrapevineDiseases in the Mid-Atlantic

Basics of Pest Management

• Black Rot

• Powdery Mildew

• Downy Mildew

• Phomopsis

• Botrytis and Late Season Rots

Vineyard Floor Management

Black Rot

Vineyard Floor Management

Black Rot

Vineyard Floor Management

Powdery Mildew

Vineyard Floor Management

Powdery Mildew

Vineyard Floor Management

Downy Mildew

Vineyard Floor Management

Downy Mildew

Vineyard Floor Management

Phomopsis Cane and Leaf

Vineyard Floor Management

Phomopsis Cane and Leaf

BotrytisBasics of Pest Management

BotrytisBasics of Pest Management

Late-Season Rots

Photos: James W. Travis, by permission

Ripe Rot

Bitter Rot

MacrophomaRot

SourRot

Basics of Pest Management

Canopy Management Basics

Benefits of ProperCanopy Management

Decreased Disease

• Early drying of canopy – air movement

• Increased penetration of pesticides

• Improved coverage of pesticides

• Earlier ripening

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Budbreak Pre-bloom Bloom Post-bloom Bunchclosing

Veraison Pre-harvest

Phenology

Ris

k P

erio

d f

or

Dis

ease

Black rot

Phomopsis

Powdery mildew

Downy mildew

Botrytis bunch rot

Late-season rots

Grape Disease ManagementSeason in MidAtlantic

Basics of Pest Management

Early to Mid-Season Program

Timing Target Fungicide

New shoots(start at ½ -1”)

3–4 sprays

Black rot (BR),Phomopsis (Ph),PM, DM

Mancozeb plus a PM fungicide (sulfur, oil, an SI, Quintec, Endura)

Pre-bloom to post-bloom

3 sprays; 1 or 2 for Botrytis

BR, Ph, PM, DMBotrytis

Above program plus: Elevate or Vangard/ScalaOR Pristine plus a DM fungicide*

*Captan or a phosphorous acid (phosphite)

Basics of Pest Management

Pest Management Basics

Sprayer TypesAir-blast Re-circulating boom/air-blast

Basics of Pest Management

Reference Materials• A Pocket Guide for Grape IPM Scouting in the North Central &

Eastern U.S.

• Guidelines for Developing an Effective Fungicide Spray Program for Wine Grapes in Maryland, 2012 (January 2012)—section on non-bearing vineyards

• Home Fruit Production Guide, MD EB 125. Available for $8.00+ S&H from UMD Home & Garden Info Center: www.hgic.umd.edu

• Other University pest management guides (Cornell-Penn State, Virginia Tech)—commercial and home gardening

• Dr. Wayne Wilcox, Cornell—annual notes on disease control

• APS Compendium of Grape Diseases