Structural Drawing Chapter 19. 2 Technical Drawing 13 th Edition Giesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper

Structural Drawing

Chapter 19

2Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Objectives

• Create a structural truss or floor plan drawing

• Label and specify the size and shape of steel structural members

• Identify, draw, and label various structural steel shapes




Objectives (cont.)

• Identify, draw, and label high-strength bolts used in structural joints

• Identify welding symbols used in steel fabrication of structural components

• Identify and read concrete and brick construction details




Structural Drawings

• Structural drawings include:• Foundation plans• Wall sections and framing details• Structural steel framing and details• Beam and column drawings and

details




Wood Construction

• Many different types of wood are used as structural timber

• The surface of a wood product is finished by milling or planing • Due to wood loss in surfacing, nominal

size is larger than dressed thickness• Symbols are used to indicate

requirements for finished surfaces on wood




Wood Joints




Connector Designs




Structural Steel

• Structural steel drawings are ordinarily one of two types:• Engineering design drawings• Manufacturing (shop) drawings




Structural Steel

• Engineering design drawings show the overall dimensions of the structure including:• Locations of columns, beams, angles

and other shapes• Sizes of structural members• Detail in the form of cross sections,

special connections required, and notes




Structural Steel




Structural Steel

• Shop drawings consist of detail drawings of all parts of the entire structure showing exactly how the parts are to be made

• These drawings show all dimensions necessary for fabrication, usually calculated to the nearest 1/16”




Piece Marks

• A system is used to mark each piece that is separately handled

• This mark is called a piece mark and should be shown wherever the member appears on the drawings




Piece Marks




Structural Steel Shapes

• Structural steel is available in many standard shapes

• Most CAD programs have structural shapes symbol libraries available




Structural Steel Shapes




Erection Plans

• Erection plans made by the steel fabricator are assembly drawings for the steel structure




Erection Plans




Connections

• Main members are joined together in the field to build a structure and most joints are welded connections to the main members

• Riveting is seldom used as a connection but you may find reference to riveted joints in original plans




Connections

• AISC recommends certain standard connections for attaching beams• You should know the strength of the

various connections and use them only when they are sufficient




Welding

• Welding is a common method for connecting steel members of buildings and bridges• The fillet weld is the most common in

structural steel fabrication




Welded Beam Detail




High-Strength Bolting for Structural Joints• Two common

types of high-strength steel bolts are ASTM A325 and A490




Accuracy in Dimensions

• Incorrect dimensions on drawings will result in serious errors and misfits when members are assembled in the field

• Consider the effect of tolerance stacking on the fit of steel members




Concrete Construction

• Concrete is made by mixing sand, gravel, or other aggregates with Portland cement and water

• Reinforced concrete has embedded steel reinforcing bars

• In prestressed concrete, the steel is pretensioned before the superimposed load is applied




Reinforced Concrete Drawings




Structural Clay Products

• Brick and tile are some of the best known forms of building construction

• Traditionally they are built into masonry forms and units are placed one at a time in a soft mortar




Stone Construction

• Natural stone is also used in masonry construction, most commonly for ornamental facing




Laying and Bonding Brick, Tile and Stone

Documents

Structural Drawing Chapter 19. 2 Technical Drawing 13 th Edition Giesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper