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1 Stream Project Implementation Issues Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting & Construction Ecological Restoration Innovative Stormwater Management Water Resources Engineering Environmental Assessments Environmental Permitting Ecological Monitoring Agricultural Consulting

Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Page 1: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Stream Project Implementation Issues

Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting & Construction

Ecological RestorationInnovative Stormwater ManagementWater Resources EngineeringEnvironmental AssessmentsEnvironmental PermittingEcological MonitoringAgricultural Consulting

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Successful Stream Restoration

• Attains Goals

• Restores Physical & Ecological Functions

• Self‐sustaining

• Serves as a Model for Future Projects

Goals of Restoration Projects

Enhance Functions of Natural Systems• Physical: Hydrologic & Geologic

• Chemical:  Water Quality Improvement

• Biological: Habitat (optimal & diverse)

• Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics

Page 3: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Stream Restoration Design Methodologies

• Natural Channel Design

• Stream Stabilization (NRCS)

• Allowable Velocity/Shear Stress

• Flow Regime

• Target Species (DGIF)

• Analytical Method (USACE)

• Sediment Transport

• Pre‐Settlement Restoration or Valley Restoration

Natural Channel Design

What?Designing streams to mimic stable channels in undisturbed, “natural” settings. Using analog, empirical and analytical methodologies.

Why?Restore stream functions including physical, biological, and chemical processes.  Natural stable channels are self‐maintaining.

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Natural Channel Design Philosophy

• Look for converging lines of evidence from multiple methodologies to reduce the error of any one.  

• Use judgment in weighting each method based on the data available and the applicability of the methodology to the particular project reach.  

• Streams are dynamic systems that need to be designed for adjustment – don’t be rigid.

Natural Channel Design Process• Define the Expected Project Goals• Research• Data Collection/Assessment• Stability Analysis (Symptoms)• Redefine Project Goals (Diagnosis)• Reference Reach Survey• Conceptual Design• Permitting• Analysis (Treatment)• Final Design (Prescription)• Construction (Surgery)• 500 year Storm Event• Monitoring (Monitoring)• Adaptive Management

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Bankfull IdentificationBankfull stage is the elevation at which flow transitions from the channel to the floodplain otherwise known as the point of incipient flooding.  It is also used to describe the effective or dominant discharge which corresponds to the cumulative erosional and depositional effects of stream flow over time.

Bankfull characteristics should be distinct and consistent throughout the stream reach.• A discrete transition from sloped channel bank to flat floodplain• Flat depositional bench• High Scour Line• Horizontal Point Bar• Mid‐channel Bar

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What variables affect channel morphology?

• Flow (frequency, duration, and intensity)• Sediment Load• Bed Material• Bank Material• Vegetation/Roughness• Valley Slope• Wildlife?

Wikipedia

Stable Stream – Reference Reach

Page 7: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Conceptual Restoration Plan

Environmental Regulatory Overview

• 404 and 401 Clean Water Act• TMDLs • Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act• Virginia Stormwater Management Act• FEMA Regulations

Page 8: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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404 & 401 Permitting Time Line• Delineation of aquatic resources (varies)• Submission of a Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination (PJD) to 

the Army Corps of Engineers (10 days to assign ACOE Rep.)• Joint Permit Application of Impacts (45 day review time)

• Must show avoidance and minimization• Must provide mitigation if over applicable thresholds (typically 300 linear 

feet or 1/10th of an acre) or functional quality deemed significant• T&E Species & Section 106 Coordination

• Pre‐construction Notification with ACOE and DEQ (if required)• Public Notice Period (if required)(30 days)• Other issues that can arise with the permitting process are 

historic resources and endangered species.  This can delay a process considerably.

• Permitting an impact can take approximately 90 days or 3 months• Individual Permits can take up to 180 days.

Developing a Restoration Planting Plan

• Site Assessment

• Identify Reference Habitats

• Identify Climax Plant Community

• Identify Restoration Goals

• Develop Plant List

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INNER BERM

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Final Plans

Construction & Implementation

Page 11: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Let’s First Have a Pre‐Construction Meeting

Construction

• Erosion and Sediment Control

• Work from upstream to downstream

• Test structures after construction

• Stabilize at the end of each day

• Planting during the dormant season

Page 12: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Install E&S Measures as 1st Step

Use Trained & Experienced Contractor

Page 13: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Be picky about the plants and how and when they are planted 

Final Stabilization is Critical!

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Validation & Monitoring

Adaptive Management

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Why Do Projects Fail?

Image from cmeusa1.com

Page 16: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Faulty Construction

Image from dnrec.delaware.gov

Page 17: Stream Restoration Design, Assessment, Permitting Construction · • Society Value: Recreation & Aesthetics. 3 Stream Restoration Design Methodologies • Natural Channel Design

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Image from phawker.com

Image from nmggeotech.com

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1 Year Post Restoration