Strategy of Disease Prevention and Disease Surveillance 8[1]

8/14/2019 Strategy of Disease Prevention and Disease Surveillance 8[1]

1/31


2/31


3/31

Strategy of disease prevention

Policy of public health work.

Modern medicine model.

Public health of the whole society.


4/31

Global strategy of public health

Health for all by the year 2000, (HFA)

Primary health care, (PHC)

Is the aim of WHO and all nations .


5/31

The four contents of PHC

Health education and health promotion.

Disease prevention and health care.

Basic treatment.

Recovery.


6/31

Preventive measure of chronic disease

Different measures should be taken

according to the natural history of chronic

disease to prevent, or interrupt thedevelopment and aggravation of disease,

which is called three levels of

prevention.


7/31

Primary prevention Health promotion

Health education

Self health care

Protection and surveillance of enviroment

Health protection


8/31

Two pronged strategy of primary prevention

Population strategy: aims to lower the

exposure level to risk factors of the whole

population.

High risk strategy: aims to eliminate the

special exposure of population with risk

factors of some disease.


9/31

Secondary prevention

Measures to avoid or slow down the

development of the disease, which refer to

early discover, early diagnosis and early

treat the disease.

Screening


10/31

Tertiary prevention

Clinical prevention

Aims to reduce the harm of disease, refers to

symptom treatment and recovery treatment.


11/31

Preventive measure of infectious

disease

Preventive measures oriented to infectious source.

Preventive measures oriented to transmission

route.

Preventive measures oriented to susceptible

population.


12/31

Preventive measures oriented to

infectious source

Measures oriented to infectious patients.

Measures oriented to carriers.

Mmeasures oriented to contacter.

Measures oriented to infected animal.

Territory health quarantine and epidemic area

quarantine.


13/31


14/31

Report of infectious diseases

Types

37 kinds of diseases were divided into three

types.


15/31

Early insulating

Insulating the infectious patient is an

effective method that avoids spreading.

Insulating interval is depend on the longestcommunicable period and biological

detection.


16/31

Measures oriented to carriers.

Carrier should be registered and managed.

Give them health education; follow-up

periodically. Carrier should not take on special

occupations as nursery, service industry, et

al.

Carriers of HIV, HBV and malaria should

not donate blood.


17/31


18/31

Territory health quarantine

Plague, cholera and yellow fever are

infectious diseases need to quarantinedby our nation, the intervals are 6, 5 and

6 days respectively.


19/31

Epidemic area quarantine.

Limit the communication between epidemic areaand other areas.

Insulate and treat all patients and carriers ofepidemic area.

Sterilisation Immune susceptible individuals or give them

medicine to prevent the disease.

After the longest incubation period, if individuals

having contacted infectious patients didntdevelop the disease, the quarantine should becancelled.


20/31

Measures to transmission route

Disinfection, killing insects and mouse.

Ddisinfection

Preventive disinfection Infectious focus disinfection

current disinfection

terminal disinfection


21/31

Frequently preventive measures

Health education Improvement of health condition


22/31

Measures to susceptible population

Vaccination

Medicine prevention

Protective measure


23/31

Vaccination

Inoculating biological products into human

body to develop specific immunity to a

certain infectious disease, improve thepopulation immunity and prevent the

occurrence and spreading of infectious

disease.


24/31

Vaccination

Artificial active immunity

Artificial passive immunity

Passive and active immunity


25/31

Planning immunity

Based on infectious diseases serveillance

and analyses of population immunity,according to scientific immune procedure,

vaccinate the specific population to control

and eliminate the infectious disease.


26/31

Vaccination

Route and dose

Contraindication of vaccination Response to vaccination

Cold chain


27/31

EPI(expanded program on immunization )

Was proposed by WHO in the year 1974.

Contents:

Expanding the area of immunization.

Expanding the spectrum of immunization.


28/31

Surveillance of disease

Infectious disease

Noninfectious disease


29/31

Concepts

Active surveillance and passive surveillance

Routinely report and sentinel surveillance

Actual case and surveillance case

Direct index and indirect index

Fixed population and dynamic population


30/31

Contents and methods

Collection of data

Data sorting and analysis Communication and feedback of

surveillance information.


31/31

Surveillance system

Population based surveillance system

Hospital based surveillance system

Laboratory based surveillance system

Documents

Strategy of Disease Prevention and Disease Surveillance 8[1]