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5-1
STIE LATANSA MASHIRO
PRODI AKUNTANSI
2017
5-2
PREVIEW OF CHAPTER
Intermediate Accounting
IFRS 2nd Edition
Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield
5
5-3
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-4
Laporan posisi keuangan disebut sebagai neraca :
1. Melaporkan aset, kewajiban, dan ekuitas pada tanggal tertentu.
2. Memberikan informasi tentang sumber daya, kewajiban kepada
kreditur, dan ekuitas.
3. Membantu dalam memprediksi jumlah, waktu, dan
ketidakpastian arus kas masa depan.
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
LO 1
5-5
Mengukur tingkat pengembalian.
Mengevaluasi struktur modal.
Menilai risiko dan arus kas masa depan.
Menilai perusahaan :
► Liquidity,
► Solvency, and
► Financial flexibility.
Kegunaan:
Laporan Posisi Keuangan
LO 1
5-6
Sebagian besar aset dan kewajiban dilaporkan
berdasarkan biaya historis.
Menggunakan dasar pertimbangan dan estimasi.
Banyak item dari nilai keuangan yang dihilangkan.
Keterbatasan:
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
LO 1
5-7
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-8
LIABILITY EQUITY
Elemen Posisi Keuangan:
Sumber daya yang dikendalikan oleh entitas.
Akibat peristiwa masa lalu.
Adanya manfaat ekonomi masa depan yang diharapkan
mengalir ke entitas.
ASSET
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-9
EQUITY
Elemen-elemen Laporan Posisi Keuangan:
Kewajiban entitas saat ini.
Yang timbul dari peristiwa masa lalu.
Penyelesaiannya menghendaki adanya arus keluar dari
sumber daya yang mengandung manfaat ekonomi.
ASSET
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LIABILITY
LO 2
5-10
LIABILITY
Elemen-elemen Laporan Posisi Keuangan:
Hak residual atas aset perusahaan setelah dikurangi
semua kewajiban.
ASSET
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
EQUITY
LO 2
5-11
Subclassifications
IFRS mensyaratkan perubahan pada posisi pelaporan asset dengan menempatkan
asset tidak lancar dibagian atas yang diikuti asset lancar.
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
ILLUSTRATION 5-1
Statement of Financial
Position Classification
LO 2
5-12
Secara umum terdiri dari:
Investasi jangka panjang
Aset, dan Peralatan
Aset tak berwujud
Aset lainnya
Aset-aset tidak lancar
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-13
Beberapa Investasi jangka panjang:
1. Efek (obligasi, saham biasa, atau catatan jangka panjang).
2. Aset berwujud yang saat ini tidak digunakan dalam operasi
(tanah yang dimiliki untuk spekulasi).
3. Dana khusus (sinking fund, dana pensiun, atau dana ekspansi
pabrik).
4. Anak perusahaan Non-konsolidasi atau perusahaan
asosiasi.
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-14
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities
Portfolio Type Classification
Held-for-Collection
Debt Amortized CostCurrent or
Non-current
Trading Debt or Equity Fair Value Current
Non-Trading Equity
Equity Fair ValueCurrent or
Non-current
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
Valuation
LO 2
5-15
Investasi jangka panjang: ILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-16
Aset berwujud berumur panjang yang digunakan dalam operasi
rutin perusahaan.
Properti fisik seperti tanah, bangunan, mesin, furnitur,
alat, dan sumber daya wasting (mineral).
Kecuali tanah, perusahaan mendepresiasi (misalnya,
bangunan, mesin, alat) atau menghabiskannya (misalnya,
cadangan minyak) aset.
Properti, Pabrik, and Peralatan
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-17
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
Property, Plant, and Equipment ILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-18
Tidak adanya substansi fisik dan merupakan instrumen non
keuangan.
Paten, hak cipta, waralaba, goodwill, merek dagang, nama
dagang, dan daftar pelanggan.
Amortisasi asset berwujud dengan umur ekonomis terbatas
selama masa manfaat.
Penurunan nilai berkala atas asset berwujud dengan umur
ekonomis terbatas .
Intangible Assets
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-19
Intangible AssetsILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-20
Jenisnya bervariasi meliputi:
biaya dibayar dimuka untuk jangka panjang
piutang tidak lancar
Aset pada dana khusus
Properti yang dimiliki untuk dijual
Kas yang dibatasi penggunaannya atau surat berharga
Aset-aset lainnya:
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-21
Kas dan aset lainnya yang dapat dikonversi menjadi uang tunai,
menjual, atau mengkonsumsi baik dalam satu tahun atau dalam
siklus operasi, mana yang lebih lama.
Aset-aset lancar:
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
ILLUSTRATION 5-5
Current Assets and
Basis of Valuation
LO 2
5-22
Disclose (mengungkapkan):
Dasar penilaian (misalnya, lebih rendah dari biayaperolehan atau nilai realisasi bersih).
asumsi arus biaya (misalnya, FIFO atau biaya rata-rata).
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
Persediaan:
LO 2
5-23
InventoriesILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-24
Piutang merupakan kategori utama yang harus
ditampilkan dalam neraca atau catatan LK.
Sebuah perusahaan harus secara jelas mengidentifikasi
Prediksi kerugian akibat piutang tak tertagih.
Jumlah dan sifat setiap piutang non-perdagangan.
Piutang yang digunakan sebagai jaminan.
Piutang (Receivables)
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-25
Receivables
LO 2
ILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
5-26
Pembayaran tunai, yang dicatat sebagai aset karena
layanan atau manfaat akan diterima di masa depan.
Insurance
Supplies
Advertising
Cash Payment Expense RecordedBEFORE
Rent
Taxes
Prepayments often occur in regard to:
Beban Dibayar Dimuka (Prepaid Expenses)
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-27
Prepaid ExpensesILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-28
Beberapa Investasi jangka pendek:
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
Portfolio Type Classification
Held-for-Collection (Dimiliki untuk-
Koleksi)Debt Amortized Cost
Current or
Non-current
Trading Debt or Equity Fair Value Current
Non-Trading Equity
Equity Fair ValueCurrent or
Non-current
Valuation
LO 2
5-29
Short-Term InvestmentsILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-30
Umumnya setiap uang yang tersedia "on demand."
Setara kas - investasi jangka pendek dan sangat
likuid yang jatuh tempo dalam waktu tiga bulan
atau kurang.
Pembatasan atau komitmen harus diungkapkan.
Cash
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-31
CashILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-32
Equity
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-33
EquityILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-34
Non-Current Liabilities
Tiga jenis kewajiban non-current:
1. Kewajiban yang timbul dari situasi pembiayaan spesifik.
2. Kewajiban yang timbul dari operasi biasa perusahaan.
3. Kewajiban yang tergantung pada terjadi atau tidak
terjadinya satu atau lebih peristiwa di masa depan untuk
mengkonfirmasi jumlah yang harus dibayarkan, atau
penerima pembayaran, atau tanggal dibayarkan.
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-35
Non-Current LiabilitiesILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-36
Current Liabilities
Kewajiban yang diperkirakan secara memadai akan diselesaikan
dengan menggunakan aktiva lancar atau penciptaan kewajiban lancar
lainnya.
Meliputi:
1. Hutang yang dihasilkan dari akuisisi barang dan jasa.
2. Koleksi diterima di muka untuk pengiriman barang atau kinerja
pelayanan.
3. Kewajiban lain yang likuidasi akan berlangsung dalam siklus
operasi atau satu tahun.
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
LO 2
5-37
Current Liabilities ILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 2
5-38
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of
financial position using the report and
account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-39
IFRS tidak menentukan urutan atau format item
dalam pernyataan itu.
Dua bentuk umum :
► Bentuk akun
● Aset di sisi kiri
● Ekuitas dan kewajiban di sisi kanan
► Bentuk laporan
CLASSIFICATION IN THE STATEMENT
Statement of Financial Position Format
LO 3
5-40
Bentuk Laporan
Statement of
Financial
Position Format
ILLUSTRATION 5-17
Classified Report-Form
Statement of Financial Position
LO 3
5-41
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of
cash flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-42
Sebuah elemen penting dari tujuan pelaporan
keuangan adalah:
“menilai jumlah, waktu, dan
ketidakpastian arus kas.”
IASB mensyaratkan penyusunan
laporan arus kas.
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
LO 4
5-43
Tujuan laporan arus kas: Untuk menyediakan informasi
yang relevan mengenai penerimaan dan pembayaran kas
sebuah perusahaan selama suatu periode.
Laporan tersebut menyediakan jawaban atas pertanyaan:
1. Dari mana uang itu berasal?
2. Untuk Apa uang tunai digunakan?
3. Berapa perubahan saldo kas selama suatu periode?
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
LO 4
5-44
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of
cash flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-45
Transaksi yang
masuk dalam
penentu laba bersih
Operating
Activities
Pemberian dan
penagiahan
pinjaman serta
perolehan dan
pelepasan investasi
serta properti,
pabrik, dan
peralatan
Investing
Activities
Transaksi yang
melibatkan
kewajiban dan
ekuitas
Financing
Activities
Content and Format
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
LO 5
5-46
CONTENT AND FORMATILLUSTRATION 5-19
Cash Inflows and Outflows
LO 5
5-47
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash
flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-48
Informasi yang diperoleh dari beberapa sumber:
1. laporan komparatif posisi keuangan,
2. laporan laba rugi, dan
3. data transaksi yang dipilih.
Sources of Information
Pembuatan Laporan Arus Kas
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
LO 6
5-49
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
Illustration: Pada tanggal 1 Januari 2015, Telemarketing Inc
menerbitkan 50.000 saham biasa dengan nilai nominal $ 1
sebesar $ 50.000 tunai. Perusahaan menyewa ruang kantor,
peralatan furniture, serta melaksanakan survey dan jasa
pemasaran sepanjang tahun pertama. Pada bulan Juni 2015,
perusahaan membeli tanah untuk $ 15.000.
Berikut ditunjukkan laporan komparatif posisi keuangan
perusahaan pada awal dan akhir 2015.
LO 6
5-50
ILLUSTRATION 5-20
ILLUSTRATION 5-21
5-51
Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows
Menghitung:
1. Kas bersih yang diperoleh (atau digunakan untuk) dari aktivitas
operasi.
2. Kas bersih yang diperoleh (atau digunakan untuk) dari aktivitas
investasi dan pendanaan.
3. Menentukan perubahan (kenaikan atau penurunan) kas selama
periode tersebut.
4. Rekonsiliasi perubahan kas dengan awal dan saldo kas akhir.
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
LO 6
5-52
Kas bersih yang diperoleh dari aktivitas operasi
Kelebihan penerimaan dari pembayaran kas dari aktivitas
operasi.
Ditentukan dengan mengkonversi laba bersih atas dasar akrual
ke dasar kas.
Menambah atau mengurangi laba bersih.
Membutuhkan analisis laporan laba rugi tahun berjalan, laporan
komparatif posisi keuangan dan data transaksi yang dipilih.
Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows
LO 6
5-53
Cash provided by operating activities ILLUSTRATION 5-22
ILLUSTRATION 5-20
Peningkatan hutang mencerminkan
peningkatan biaya non-tunai
sebesar $ 12.000.
LO 6
5-54
Aktivitas investasi dan pendanaan Telemarketing Inc.
Membeli tanah untuk $ 15.000.
Mengeluarkan saham biasa sebesar $ 50.000.
Dibayar $ 14.000 untuk dividen.
Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows
LO 6
5-55
ILLUSTRATION 5-23
Pembelian tanah
seharga $
15,000
(Investing)
Investing and
Financing
Activities
LO 6
5-56
ILLUSTRATION 5-23
Pengeluaran
saham biasa
$50,000
(Financing)
Investing and
Financing
Activities
LO 6
5-57
ILLUSTRATION 5-23
Membayar
dividen sebesar
$14,000
(Financing)
Investing and
Financing
Activities
LO 6
5-58
BE 5-12: Keyser Beverage Company melaporkan informasi
berikut.Activity
Required: Menentukan apakah setiap item harus diklasifikasikan
sebagai kegiatan operasi, investasi, atau pembiayaan.
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
Net income $40,000 Operating
Dividends paid 5,000 Financing
Increase in accounts receivable 10,000 Operating
Increase in accounts payable 7,000 Operating
Purchase of equipment 8,000 Investing
Depreciation expense 4,000 Operating
Issue of notes payable 20,000 Financing
LO 6
5-59
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
BE 5-12 Net income of $40,000
LO 6
5-60
BE 5-12 Dividends paid $5,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-61
BE 5-12 Increase in accounts receivable of $10,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-62
BE 5-12 Purchase equipment for $8,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-63
BE 5-12 Increase in accounts payable of $7,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-64
BE 5-12 Proceeds from notes payable of $20,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-65
BE 5-12 Depreciation expense of $4,000
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-66
BE 5-12
LO 6
Statement of Cash Flow (in thousands)
Operating activities
Net income 40,000$
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Increase in accounts payable 7,000
Depreciation expense 4,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 41,000
Investing activities
Purchase of equipment (8,000)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (5,000)
Proceeds from notes payable 20,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Increase in cash 48,000$
5-67
Dalam mempersiapkan laporan arus kas, dari transaksi
berikut mana yang dianggap suatu kegiatan investasi?
a. Penjualan peralatan dengan nilai buku
b. Penjualan barang dagangan secara kredit
c. Pembagian dividen tunai
d. Penerbitan hutang obligasi.
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
Question
LO 6
5-68
Melaporkan dalam catatan terpisah atas laporan keuangan.
Examples include:
Penerbitan saham biasa untuk membeli aset.
Konversi obligasi menjadi saham biasa.
Penerbitan utang untuk membeli aset.
Bursa untuk aset jangka panjang.
Significant Non-Cash Activities
Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows
LO 6
5-69
ILLUSTRATION 5-24
Comprehensive
Statement
of Cash Flows
5-70
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the
statement of cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-71
Without cash, a company will not survive.
Cash flow from Operations:
Jumlah tinggi - mampu menghasilkan kas yang cukup
dari operasi untuk membayar tagihan tanpa pinjaman
lebih lanjut.
Jika jumlah rendah atau negatif - mungkin harus:
► Meminjam atau
► Mengeluarkan modal saham.
Usefulness of Statement of Cash Flows
LO 7
5-72
Rasio menunjukkan kemampuan untuk melunasi
kewajiban lancar dari operasi.
Rasio mendekati 1: 1 adalah baik.
Financial Liquidity
Net Cash Provided by
Operating Activities
Average Current Liabilities
Current Cash
Debt Coverage
Ratio=
ILLUSTRATION 5-26
Usefulness of Statement of Cash Flows
LO 7
5-73
Rasio menunjukkan kemampuan untuk membayar
kewajiban dari kas bersih yang diperoleh dari aktivitas
operasi, tanpa harus melikuidasi aset yang digunakan
dalam operasi.
Average Total Liabilities
Cash Debt
Coverage Ratio =
Net Cash Provided by
Operating Activities
ILLUSTRATION 5-27
Usefulness of Statement of Cash Flows
Financial Flexibility
LO 7
5-74
Mengindikasikan jumlah arus kas diskresioner yang
tersedia.
Free Cash FlowILLUSTRATION 5-29
Usefulness of Statement of Cash Flows
LO 7
5-75
Rasio cakupan utang kas saat ini sering digunakan untuk
menilai
a. financial flexibility.
b. liquidity.
c. profitability.
d. solvency.
Usefulness of Statement of Cash Flows
Question
LO 7
5-76
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for
financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-77
IFRS mensyaratkan bahwa satu set laporan keuangan lengkap
disajikan setiap tahun. Terdiri dari berikut ini :
1. Laporan posisi keuangan pada akhir periode;
2. Laporan laba rugi komprehensif untuk periode yang akan
disajikan baik sebagai :
a) Salah satu pernyataan tunggal laba rugi komprehensif.
b) Sebuah laporan laba rugi terpisah dan laporan laba rugi
komprehensif.
3. Laporan perubahan ekuitas;
4. Laporan arus kas; dan
5. Catatan, terdiri ringkasan kebijakan akuntansi penting dan
informasi penjelasan lainnya.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
LO 8
5-78
Accounting Policies (Kebijakan Akuntansi)
Prinsip yang spesifik, dasar, konvensi, peraturan,
dan praktek yang diterapkan dalam penyusunan dan
penyajian informasi keuangan.
Catatan pertama umumnya berjudul, "Kebijakan
Akuntansi.”
Catatan atas Laporan Keuangan
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
LO 8
5-79
Notes to the Financial Statements
ILLUSTRATION 5-30
Accounting Policies—
Inventory
ILLUSTRATION 5-31
Accounting Policies—
Intangible Asset
LO 8
5-80
IFRS mensyaratkan pengungkapan secara spesifik. Meliputi:
Notes to the Financial Statements
Additional Notes to the Financial Statements
1. Item properti, pabrik, dan peralatan dibedakan ke dalam
kelas seperti
land,
buildings, etc.,
dalam catatan, akumulasi penyusutan dilaporkan
sebagaimana yang diberlakukan.
LO 8
5-81
Additional Notes
ILLUSTRATION 5-36
Reconciliation Schedule for
Property, Plant, and Equipment
LO 8
5-82
IFRS requires specific disclosures. Examples include:
Notes to the Financial Statements
Additional Notes to the Financial Statements
2. Piutang yang dibedakan berdasarkan jumlahnya
piutang dagang dari customer,
piutang pihak hubungan istimewa,
dibayar di muka, dan
bentuk lain.
LO 8
5-83
Additional Notes
ILLUSTRATION 5-34
Maturity Analysis
for Receivables
5-84
IFRS requires specific disclosures. Examples include:
Additional Notes
Additional Notes to the Financial Statements
3. Persediaan dibedakan ke dalam klasifikasi seperti barang
dagangan, persediaan produksi, dalam proses, dan barang
jadi.
4. Provisi dibedakan dalam bentuk untuk imbalan kerja dan
bentuk lainnya.
LO 8
5-85
1. Explain the uses and limitations of a
statement of financial position.
2. Identify the major classifications of the
statement of financial position.
3. Prepare a classified statement of financial
position using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash
flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash
flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of
cash flows.
8. Determine additional information requiring
note disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure
techniques for financial statements.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Statement of Financial Position
and Statement of Cash Flows5LEARNING OBJECTIVES
5-86
Parenthetical Explanations
Techniques of Disclosure
ILLUSTRATION 5-37
Parenthetical Disclosure
of Shares Issued
Penjelasan dalam tanda kurung adalah catatan keuntungan
lebih yang membawa informasi tambahan ke dalam
pernyataan, pembaca cenderung mengabaikan hal itu.
LO 9
5-87
Cross-Referensi dan Contra Produk/item
Techniques of Disclosure
Perusahaan melakukan "referensi silang" terhadap hubungan
langsung antara aset dan kewajiban pada laporan posisi keuangan.
ILLUSTRATION 5-38
Cross-Referencing and
Contra Items
LO 9
5-88
Fair Presentation (adil)
Other Guidelines
IAS No. 1 menunjukkan bahwa pentingnya aset dan
kewajiban, serta pendapatan dan beban, dilaporkan
secara terpisah.
Hal ini tepat untuk mengukur aktiva bersih yang
menunjangan penilaian, seperti penyisihan piutang tak
tertagih atau penurunan persediaan bersih.
Offsetting (menutupikerugian)
Consistency (ketepatan)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
LO 9
5-89 LO 10 Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
USING RATIOS TO ANALYZE PERFORMANCE
Informasi kualitatif dapat dikumpulkan dari laporan keuangan
dengan memeriksa hubungan antara item pada laporan dan
mengidentifikasi tren hubungannya.
APPENDIX 5A RATIO ANALYSIS—A REFERENCE
5-90
USING RATIOS TO ANALYZE PERFORMANCE
APPENDIX 5A RATIO ANALYSIS—A REFERENCE
ILLUSTRATION 5A-1
A Summary of Financial Ratios
LO 10
5-91
USING RATIOS TO ANALYZE PERFORMANCE
APPENDIX 5A RATIO ANALYSIS—A REFERENCE
LO 10
ILLUSTRATION 5A-1
A Summary of Financial Ratios
5-92
USING RATIOS TO ANALYZE PERFORMANCE
APPENDIX 5A RATIO ANALYSIS—A REFERENCE
LO 10
ILLUSTRATION 5A-1
A Summary of Financial Ratios
5-93
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