Sterilization of Armamentarium

8/2/2019 Sterilization of Armamentarium

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Blend H. M. Balisany

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*Sterilization*To completely remove all kinds of microbes

(bacteria, mycobacteria, viruses, & fungi) by

physical or chemical methods

*Effective to kill bacterium spores

*Sterilant: material or method used to remove or

kill all microbes


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*Disinfection* To reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms to

the point where they no longer cause diseases

* Usually involves the removal ofvegetative or non-endospore forming pathogens

* May use physical or chemical methods

*Disinfectant

*Antiseptic*Degerming

*Sanitization


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STERILIZATION

Methods of Sterilization


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Steps followed in dental offices for achievement ofsterilization are:

1. Cleaning:* Manual Cleaning.* Automated Cleaning

2. Corrosion Control:* Dry instruments

*Application of rust inhibitors

3. Packaging:* For protection against contamination after sterilization.


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*4. Sterilization:Heat: Heat sterilization is most commonly used

in dental settings; however, steam andchemical vapor sterilization units are alsoused.

* High temperature methods include steam, dryheat and unsaturated chemical vapor.

*While low temperature automated sterilizationinvolves ethylene oxide (ETO) and plasmasterilization.


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*Of these methods the AUTOCLAVES is the most

preferred method in a dental setup.

*Autoclave is a self locking setup based on the

efficacy of steam under pressure of121 degree

Celsius for 15 minutes and 15 pounds pressure.

*Another method is that of "Flash Sterilization"

for unwrapped instruments using 132 degreesCelsius at 30 pounds pressure for 4 -7 minutes.


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*Hot air ovens are electrical devices used in

sterilization. It uses dry heat to sterilize

articles.

*No much pressure build up within the oven,

safer to work with.

*As they use dry heat instead of moist heat,

some organisms like prions, may not be killedby them every time.


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* The standard settings for a hot air oven are:

*1.5 to 2 hours at 160C (320 OF)

*6to 12 minutes at 190C (374 OF)


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*Liquid Sterilants used for "cold sterilization"

are intended only for the reprocessing of heat-

sensitive instruments and devices.

*If the critical or semi critical item is heat

sensitive, it should be immersed in a liquid

sterilants.


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*Transparent objects to visible light absorb UV.

*UV irradiation is routinely used to sterilize the

interiors of biological safety cabinets betweenuses, but is ineffective in shaded areas,

including areas under dirt.

*It also damages some plastics, such as

polystyrene foam if exposed for prolongedperiods of time.


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5. Storage & Shelf Life

Packs and containers with sterile items should be

stored 20-25 cm off the floor, 45-50 cm from theceiling and 15-20 cm from an outside wall.

6. Monitoring Sterilization Procedures

Sterilization procedures can be monitored

routinely using a combination of biological,chemical and mechanical indicators as

parameters.


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Methods of Disinfection


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Thank You

Documents

Sterilization of Armamentarium