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Presented by:

Nikhil KumarReg no :0601221172

under the guidance of:

Miss Surapriya swain

MR Alok Kumar pani


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Steganography is the art of covered or hidden writing. The purpose of

Steganography is covert communication to hide a message from athird party. This differs from cryptography, the art of secret writing,which is intended to make a message unreadable by a third party butdoes not hide the existence of the secret communication. AlthoughSteganography is separate and distinct from cryptography,

Although the term Steganography was only coined at the end of the

15th century, the use of Steganography dates back several millennia. Inancient times, messages were hidden on the back of wax writingtables, written on the stomachs of rabbits, or tattooed on the scalp ofslaves. Invisible ink has been in use for centuriesfor fun by childrenand students and for serious espionage by spies and terrorists.Microdots and microfilm, a staple of war and spy movies, came aboutafter the invention of photography

Steganography hides the covert message but not the fact that twoparties are communicating with each other. The Steganographyprocess generally involves placing a hidden message in sometransport medium, called the carrier. The secret message is embeddedin the carrier to form the Steganography medium. The use of aSteganography key may be employed for encryption of the hidden

message and/or for randomization in the Steganography scheme.


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1

Hiding the fact that

information is beingsent.

Usually hiding thedata inside otherdata.

What is

Steganography

.

2

Converting the data

into non readable(non perceivable)data

Its a way to passdata so that itbecome safe.

Any unauthorized

person is not ableto understand it

What is

Encryption

The data is passed inan unusual

communicationmanner.


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Fusion

Invisible

Merge

Steganography Encryption


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Needs to send

private mesg

Sud get d mesg

without anybodysees it


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Normal Image

Secret Key

Image

Stegano

Algorithm

Original

Image

Message

Retrieval

Ordinary

Image

Secret

Message

Encryption

Algorithm

Secret Key

Image

Secret

Message

Alice Wendy Bob


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Payload: the data that is desirable fortransport

Carrier: signal, stream or data file into whichthe payload is hidden

Channel: type of input, such as JPEG image Package: the resulting signal, stream or data

file

which has the payload encoded

Encoding density: the percentage of bytes

which are modified to encode the payload,

typically as a floating-point number between 0

and 1


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SteganographicTechniques

Genome Steganography

Hiding in Text

Hiding in the disk space Hiding data in software and

circuitry

Information Hiding in Images Hiding in network packets

Hiding in music files & video


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p

hgl

oji

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e

iss

un

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Apparently neutrals protest is

thoroughly discounted andignored. Isman hard hit.Blockade issue affects pretext

for embargo on by-products,ejecting suets and vegetableoils.

An instace from wwii


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p

hgl

oji

m

e

iss

un

af

yn e

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How ItWorks in case of images

Algorithm

Key Image

Unique

Encryption

Technique

MessageEncrypte

d

Message

Original Image Clone of Originalimage

Steganographic

Algorithm

Key Image is an image which

under goes in to an Encryption

generating Algorithm which

generates a unique encryption

technique .

Message is encrypted using

unique encryption technique

Original image is the image

whose clone is created

This image is a clone of original

image which contains the

hidden encrypted message


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possible values for each color perpixel

Not much difference in intensity between

11111111and 11111110

Change to least significant bit of each color yields 3 bits per pixel

One ASCII character can be represented for each 3 pixels

Given the following 8 carrier bytes

10010101 00001101 11001001 10010110

00001111 11001011 10011111 00010000 Assume we want to insert some payload

the letter G, in ASCII:

01000111 The resulting bytes are

10010100 00001101 11001000 10010110

00001110 11001011 10011111 00010001 Only half of the available bytes were affected by ourinsertion

Change is relatively undetectable


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Sample Result

Before Stganography

After Stganography


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HidinginTCP

header

Places to hide message

- Reserved bits

- Sequence number field

- Initial Sequence

Number (ISN)

oMakes use of three-

way handshake in

buildup

of a TCP/IP connectionC

B

A


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Unused Header BitStuffing

Padding Byte Stuffing


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Statistical analysis

Analyze frequency of DCT coefficients

compressing


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Where it can be USED Applications?

Government Agencies: --

who store documents

which are very sensitive

Private Organizations: -- who want

to safeguard their

sensitive information

Security companies: -- Can USE

And SELL IBES products as stand

alone or as a part of their bigger

package

Banks and other financialinstitutions: -- safeguardtheir databases

Business people: --

preserve legal and customer

specific financial documents

Digital Watermarking

Digital Signature Authentication

Digital Linkage and Storage


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Steganography is a fascinating and effective method ofhiding data that has been used throughout history.Methods that can be employed to uncover suchdevious tactics, but the first step are awareness thatsuch methods even exist. There are many good

reasons as well to use this type of data hiding,including watermarking or a more secure centralstorage method for such things as passwords, or keyprocesses. Regardless, the technology is easy to useand difficult to detect. The more that you know about itsfeatures and functionality, the more ahead you will be in

the game.


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Thank you

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