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Candidate’s Name .....................................................................................................................................
ST.AUGUSTINE-TAGASTE SECONDRY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
BIOLOGY
17th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of thirteen
(13) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and one (1) question from
section C.
3. Except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil, all writings should be in blue or
black ink.
5. Write your Name and Stream on every page of your answer
sheet.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
QUESTION NUMBER SCORE EXAMINERS’ SIGN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TOTAL
This paper consists of eight (8) printed pages
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SECTION A (20 Marks)
Answer ALL questions in this section.
1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given
alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet.
(i) Tissue respiration may be defined as:
A. The oxidation of food to release energy
B. Taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide
C. Breathing in oxygen and providing it to the tissues
D. Getting rid of carbon dioxide from the tissue
E. Using oxygen in the body
(ii) Which of the following organism is a secondary consumer?
A. Termite
B. Rabbit
C. Cat
D. Bacterium
E. Cow
(iii) A healthy person’s blood pressure in millimeters of mercury should be
around 120/70. This means that his:
A. Diastolic pressure is 190
B. Systolic pressure is 70
C. Diastolic pressure is 120
D. Systolic pressure is 120
E. Diastolic pressure is 50
(iv) The outermost living structure in plant cells is the:
A. Cell wall
B. Cytoplasm
C. Cell membrane
D. Nuclear membrane
E. Ectoplasm
(v) The main product of photosynthesis is transported away from the leaves by
the:
A. Phloem
B. Stomata
C. Xylem
D. Cortex
E. Photolysis
(vi) Useful substances are retained in the kidney by:
A. Filtration
B. Osmosis
C. Selective reabsorption
D. Osmoregulation
E. Diffusion
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(vii) The best way of controlling viral infection is:
A. Through biological control
B. Avoiding direct contact with an infected person
C. Killing all viruses
D. Vaccination
E. By medical treatment
(viii) The elements carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen would be found in:
A. Amino acids
B. Nitrates
C. Fats
D. Starch
E. Vitamins
(ix) The flat body of a liverwort is known as:
A. Capsule
B. Thallus
C. Frond
D. Rhizoid
E. Leaf
(x) When students were conducting private study at night, light went off
suddenly. Which of the following changes occurred in the eyes of the
students?
A. The lens become thicker
B. The pupil become lager
C. The ciliary muscle relax
D. The eyelids closed
E. The eye opened wider
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2. Match the phrase in List A with the responses in List B by writing the correct letter of
the correct response from List B beside the item number of List A in your answer
sheet.
LIST A LIST B
(i) The layer of cells sensitive to light
(ii) Lacks light intensity cells
(iii) Cells sensitive to light of low intensity
(iv) Cells sensitive to coloured light intensity
(v) Control the intensity of light entering the eye
(vi) Controls the shape of the lens
(vii) Correct short sight
(viii) Reduce reflection of light within the eye
(ix) Helps to refract the light into the eye
(x) Causes refraction of light in the eye
A. Aqueous humour
B. Cornea
C. Iris
D. Eyebrow
E. Retina
F. Rods
G. Blind spot
H. Cones
I. Eyelash
J. Choroid
K. Ciliary body
L. Diverging lens
M. Fovea
N. Pupil
O. Eyelid
SECTION B (60 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
3. (a) Differentiate the term “irritability”.
(b) With the aid of a labeled diagram, describe the neuronic pathway taken by
reflex action in human being.
4. (a) Explain two factors affecting gaseous exchange in animals.
(b) Why does a fish die when taken out of water to the land while a frog
survives in both water and on land?
5. Figure below is a diagram of a plant root. Study the diagram and answer the
questions that follow.
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(a) (i) Name the group of plants represented by the diagram
above.
(ii) Give any two examples of plants which can be found in a group of
plants mentioned in (a) (i) above.
(iii) Name the organisms which inhabit the swellings on the roots.
(iv) What is the name of the relationship existing between the plant and
the organism mentioned in (a) (iii) above?
(b) Give two differences between photosynthesis and aerobic
respiration.
6. (a) Define the following terms as used in Biology:
(i) Ecology
(ii) Environment
(iii) Community
(iv) Ecosystem
(b) (i) State the differences between natural and artificial
ecosystems. Give
one example in each case.
(ii) Explain why food webs are more representatives of feeding
relationship than food chains.
7. (a) (i) Define the term coordination.
(ii) State the biological importance of hydrotropism and
phototropism.
(b) How is accommodation brought about in the human eye?
8. (a) Study the following diagram on the structure of a nerve cell and
answer the questions that follows.
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(i) Name the parts labeled A, B, C and D.
(ii) Name the nerve cell above.
(iii) Where does the nerve cell above carry impulses to?
(iv) Name two (2) other types of nerve cells found in the nervous system of
vertebrates and state their functions.
(b) State three (3) differences between sensory and motor
neurones.
9. (a) (i) What is a tissue?
(ii) Name two animal tissues.
(b) State the structural differences between a cell wall and a cell
membrane.
10. (a) The following are methods of controlling diseases.
Mention one disease
that can be controlled by each method.
(i)Clean water supplies
(ii)Hygienic disposal of refuse and sewage
(iii)Eradication of mosquitoes
(iv) Vaccination
(b) Fungi promote yet create disturbances in human life. Write
two (2) ways on
how fungi promote human life and two (2) ways on how fungi create
disturbance in human life.
SECTION C (20 Marks)
Answer one (1) question from this section.
11. The brain is the largest portion of the nervous system and very
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important for controlling activities in the body. With the aid of a
diagram, describe the functions of the different parts of the
human brain.
12. (a) Draw a well labeled diagram of a human ear.
(b) Describe the mechanism of hearing.
13. Explain five factors which contribute to irresponsible sexual
behavior among young people and their effects in the community.
Candidate’s name ........................................................................................................................................
ST. AUGUSTINE - TAGASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
CHEMISTRY
17th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of sections A and B.
2. Try to follow instructions of each section and question.
3. ALL writings must be in black ink or blue ink EXCEPT diagrams which must be in
pencil. Use A4 papers out of that will not be marked.
4. Where necessary the following constants may be used:
S = 32, O= 16, Na = 23, C= 12, Mg = 24, H= 1, Cl = 35.5, Al = 27, Fe = 56.
For Examiner’s use only
Qn. Score Signature
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TOTAL
This paper consists of 07 printed pages.
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SECTION A(20 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section
1. Write the letter of the most correct answer in the answer sheets using A4 papers for
each of the following questions.
i. Dalton’s atomic theory was put forward for the purpose of.
A. Challenging Sir Isaac Newton
B. Explaining the laws of chemical combination
C. Winning nobel prize
D. Selling scientific findings
ii. The expression “nitric acid is a strong acid” may best be explained as
follows.
A. It is very corrosive
B. It is a strong oxidizing agent
C. It is highly ionized
D. It dissolves all metals
iii. One of the following amounts of sulphur dioxide occupies volume of
5.6dm3 at s.t.p.
A. 64g of SO2
B. 3.2g of SO2
C. 0.25 moles SO2
D. 0.50 moles SO2
iv. Which of the following aqueous solutions would turn pink when
phenolphthalein indicator is added to it?
A. Caustic soda
B. Baking soda
C. Orange juice
D. Drinking water
v. A dative covalent bond is formed when.
A. Atoms share electrons
B. Molecules combine
C. Similar atoms share electrons
D. One atom donates electrons for sharing
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vi. The statement which describes exactly the nature of an efflorescent
compound is:
A. Absorbs water vapour to such an extent that a concentrated solution of
the compound is formed
B. Absorbs water vapour, but a solution is formed
C. Exists in a solution form only
D. Is a crystalline compound which gives up some of its water of hydration
to atmosphere
vii. A 0.106% by weight solution of Na2CO3 having a density of 1g/cm3 has a
molarity of.
A. 1.00M
B. 0.01M
C. 0.05M
D. 0.50M
viii. 4.8g of magnesium powder was dissolved in 500cm3 of 2M hydrochloric
acid. The number of moles of hydrochloric acid used up were.
A. 0.20 moles
B. 2.00 moles
C. 0.00 moles
D. 0.40 moles
ix. A solution whose concentration is accurately known is called ......................
A. Saturated solution
B. Molar solution
C. Standard solution
D. Dilute solution
x. When the equation: KMnO4 + HC l KC l + MnC l 2 + H2O + C l 2 is
correctly balanced, the figure appearing before HC l will be:
A. 2
B. 5
C. 10
D. 16
2. Match the items in LIST A with the response in LIST B by writing the letter of
the correct response from LIST B.
LIST A
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i. Basicity.
ii. Deliquescent.
iii. Covalent bond.
iv. Prevent rusting.
v. Periods.
vi. Acidic salt.
vii. Immiscible liquid.
viii. Anhydrous copper II sulphate.
ix. Alkali.
x. Isotopes.
LIST B
A. Separating funnel.
B. Soluble base.
C. All replaceable hydrogen are replaced.
D. Elements with atoms differing in number of neutrons.
E. Part of replaceable hydrogen has been replaced.
F. Vertical columns in a periodic table.
G. Plating and galvanizing.
H. Number of hydrogen ions produced by one molecular of an acid.
I. Horizontal rows in the periodic table.
J. Absorbs water vapour from solutions.
K. Electrons (3) sharing.
L. Turns lime water milky.
M. Used to test water.
N. Gives water of crystallization to the atmosphere.
O. Transfer of electrons.
SECTION B (80 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section
Using A4 papers out of that will not be marked.
3 (a) What do you understand by the term chemical equation.
(b) Translate the following molecular equations into statements.
i. glaqaqaq NHOHCOKKOHCONH 3232324 222
ii. aqls HNOOHON 3252 2
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iii. saqs AgClNOBaAgNOBaCl 22 2332
iv. gaqaqS HSOAlSOHAl 234242 332
4. Br. Mpomele carried out an experiment to compare the hardness of four water
samples labelled M, N, O, and P.
25cm3 of water sample M was transferred to a conical flask. Soap solution was
then added to the flask in small proportions using a burette until a lasting
lather was formed.
The experiment was repeated with sample N, O and P. Fresh samples of each
Water sample were boiled and tested again with soap solution. The results are
shown in the table below.
Water sample Volume of soap solution
required before boiling in
cm3
Volume of soap solution
required after boiling in
cm3
M 5.0 5.0
N 1.0 1.0
O 11.0 6.0
P 9.0 1.0
(a) Define permanent hardness of water.
(b) Which of the four water samples.
i. Could be distilled water.
ii. Contains only temporary hardness.
iii. Contains only permanent hardness.
iv. Contains both temporary and permanent hardness.
5. Twenty five cm3 proportions of sodium carbonate solution were titrated against
hydrochloric acid containing 2.738g of the pure acid in 0.1dm3 solution. The base
solution was prepared by dissolving 45g of the impure salt in water to make a litre of
solution.
The titration results have been tabulated below.
Experiment Pilot 1 2 3 4
Final reading (cm3) 46.80 27.30 50.00 26.40 33.30
Initial reading (cm3)
Titre reading (cm3) 26.70 25.70 25.80 25.90 26.30
(a) Copy and complete the table of results.
(b) Identify and discard any erroneous data from the table.
(c) Find the average volume of the acid used.
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(d) Calculate the percentage purity of the solid base.
6. (a) Differentiate an atom from a molecule.
(b) How many atoms are there in 12g of sodium?
(c) How many molecules are there in 0.125dm3 of carbon dioxide?
(d) How many aluminium ions will be present in solution if 3g of aluminium sulphate
are completely dissolved in water?
(e) Determine the grams of Iron II Sulphate that contains 1.8 x 1024 atoms.
Candidate’s name ........................................................................................................................................
ST.AUGUSTINE-TAGASTE SECONDRY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
CIVICS
18th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consist of five (5) questions.
2. Answer ALL questions as instructed.
3. Write your full name as every page you have used.
4. Use A4 paper to write your work.
5. Credit will be given for giving vivid examples and neatness of work.
6. Use black or blue ink for your writtings, except diagram which should be drawn in
pencils.
QUESTIONS
1. Write short notes on the following terms:
a) Absolute poverty
b) Referendum
c) Electro commission
d) Refugees
e) Life skills
f) Improper behaviour
g) Red rights
h) Creative thinking
i) Prerogative of mercy
j) Team work
2. From your own understanding, suggest and explain in detail external and internal causes
of poverty in our country. Give ten (10) points.
3. Define the following terms:
a) Drug abuse
b) Manifesto
c) Absolute monachy
d) Life expectance
e) Central government.
f) Informal sector
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4. Development of any countries is a result of good leadership but poor governance can
lead to underdevelopment hence poor living condition and abosolute poverty. List down
the indicators of poverty. (Not less than ten 10).
5. Every human being has right to education. With vivid examples, explain the problems
setting back the government of Tanzania in the provision of Education services.
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ST.AUGUSTINE-TAGASTE SECONDRY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
18th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
Instructions
1. This paper consists of five questions.
2. Answer all questions in A4 papers.
3. Remember to write your class and stream.
4. Your handwriting must be clear and neat.
5. Read and understand the question well before attempting it
1. Complete the following sentences with the correct information as used in literature
i. The trees whistled as the wind blew harder. This is an example of_______
ii. “As white as a snow” this statement represents ____________ as used in
literature.
iii. ___________________ is a situation where the audience knows something in the
story while a character does not.
iv. Salma speaks too much nowdays. “she is a parrot” what does the underlined
sentence represent? ___________________________________
v. ______________ is a figure of speech which tends to use language in a humorous
way to ridicule or criticise human weaknesses.
vi. One, two, three shoot, “tutu- tutuuu tuuu!” the part in quotation marks represents
__________________
vii. He found a “clean ice cream” the underlined parts stand for _____________
viii. A stage through which a conflict is solved step by step is called
________________________
ix. A technique of telling a story by jumping to the later event is referred to as
____________
x. A situation of having two antagonistic feelings/thoughts within the same
character refers to ____________________________________
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2. Re-write the following sentences in their correct forms
i. I have had enough money when that man snatched my hand yesterday
ii. We swimmed in that pond for three hours
iii. He had began telling him wrong stories.
iv. Puja complained that he was mopping the floor alone for three hours.
v. They complained a lot, don’t they?
vi. Juma and Aloyce were about to leave the place tonight.
vii. He wrote a book so as he wanted to make money
viii. He climbed a tree very careful so that he can’t be hurt
ix. It is reported that magnet attracted Iron.
x. Your car uses little fuel than mine.
3. Write a letter to the managing director, The Big T Company L.T.D, P.O BOX 090
Mwanza applying for the post of an accountant as it was advertised in the Sunday
News of 17th April 2020. Sign your name as Mchapakazi Bora. Your address is P.o
Box 372- Mji Mpya, Dodoma.
4. Imagine the government has appointed you to go to educate people in rural areas on
how to take precautions against Corona Virus in their respective areas. Write a speech
which you will give out to the people. Limit your speech by writing six (6) points,
5. Imagine you are given a chance to give out your views on whether “English or
Kiswahili to be used as a medium of instruction in all levels of education in Tanzania”
Write a persuasive composition to persuade people side your views. Limit your essay
to six (6) points with vivid examples.
Candidate’s name ........................................................................................................................................
ST.AUGUSTINE-TAGASTE SECONDRY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
GEOGRAPHY
17th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consist of three(3) pages with total of 4 Questions
2. Answer all questions
3. Write your names on every page of your answer sheets
4. Use A4 paper to answer this examination,
5. All answers might be written in blue or black ink except pencil for drawings
6. Use graph paper for graphical presentation, and all calculation must be shown
clearly on your answer sheet
7. Poor handwriting, neatness of work and poor arrangement of work will lead to loss
of marks
8. Avoid cheating or any examination misconduct
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
1. Study the data on the table below showing food crops production in (tonnes) Morogoro from
1771 to 1774, then answer the questions that follows;
years 1771 1772 1773 1774
Maize 32 20 80 70
Rice 55 50 60 50
wheat 40 75 70 55
i. Present the data (above) by using;
a. Percentage divided bar graph
b. Compound line graph
c. Pie chart
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ii. Mention other five ways that might be used to present the data above
iii. Show down five advantages of presenting data by using compound bar graph
iv. List down five importance of studying statistics
2. Study the data below showing ungrouped data and then answer the questions that follow
33, 42, 60, 21, 24, 21, 35, 33, 18, 42, 35, 33, 10, 09 and 42
i. Find the following
a. Mean
b. Mode
c. Median
ii. Mention and explain the major sources of statistical data
3. Study the photograph below, then answer the questions that follow;
i. What is the type of photography shown above
ii. From the photography above, what are the names of animal shown in
iii. a. what famous activity which might take place in the photography above
b. Show down five ways which might be taken to develop the activity mention
in (iii.a) above
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iv. List down SIX places in Tanzania where this photo might be took place
4. With aid of diagram, explain why rock cycle is an endless process.
TAKE CARE OF COVID-19, STAY AT HOME
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ST. AUGUSTINE - TAGASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
HISTORY
17th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C.
2. Answer ALL questions in section A and B and three (3) questions from section C.
3. ALL answers must be written in the answer sheet(s) provided.
4. Crossed or corrected answer will NOT be marked hence loss of marks.
5. All drawings should be in pencil.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
QUESTION NUMBER SCORE SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TOTAL (100%)
This paper consists of Six (6) printed pages.
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SECTION A (20 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and
write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.
i. In most parts of pre-colonial Africa the ruling classes appropriate surpluses through:
A. Wars of conquest.
B. Looting and plundering.
C. Tribute and labour services.
D. Taxation.
E. Agriculture and domestication of animals.
ii. Trading caravans going into the interior of East Africa in the 19th century carried the red flag
because:
A. They were traveling along dangerous trade route
B. They needed the protection of Sultan of Zanzibar
C. They were afraid of the British who were trying to stop slave trade.
D. They were carrying slaves as the main trade article
E. Slaves suffered during their journey from the interior to the coast
iii. The two types of oral tradition are:
A. Cultural practices and historical sites
B. Museums and historical sites
C. Cultural practices and archives
D. Cultural practices and narration of past events
E. Historical sites, museums and archives
iv. Which of the following was not a reason for the coming of European before 1800?
A. To find an alternative route to India and far East
B. To abolish slave trade and introduce Christianity
C. To find new source of trade
D. To look for gold, silver and spices in Africa and Asia
E. To capture and control the Indian Ocean trade
v. The Trans-Atlantic slave trade had the following outcome except:
A. Loss of African culture
B. Loss of African technology
C. Loss of manpower in Africa
D. The growth of forest states of Benin, Oyo and Ife
E. Scramble of Africa by European nations
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vi. The feudal lords and traders in the East Africa coast reacted against the Portuguese invasion
because they:
A. Wanted to expand clove plantation
B. Wanted to protect their economic and political interests
C. Wanted to safeguard their serfs
D. Were racists
E. Wanted to protect their tradition and skills
vii. The Moresby treaty was not successful to the abolition of slave trade because it:
A. Was not against slave trade
B. Was anti-slavery but not anti slave trade
C. Faced strong opposition from Americans
D. Confined itself to slave trade within East Africa
E. Did not consider economic well-being of African chief
viii. One of the following wars demonstrated unity and self-determination among Africans in the
desire to liberate themselves:
A. Mau mau
B. Chimurenga
C. Mfecane
D. Majimaji
E. Afro-Boer
ix. Which of the following was not a strategy of ensuring constant supply of labour in colonial
agricultural and mining investments in Africa?
A. Land alienation
B. Taxation
C. Great labour reserves
D. Consolidation of peasantry
E. Changing the pattern of consumption of people
x. Which of the statements below is not true about the introduction of colonial economy in
East Africa?
A. Un even distribution of social and physical infrastructures
B. Absence of sectoral link
C. The establishment of heavy mining industry in Tanganyika
D. The introduction of new crops such as sisal, cotton and pyrethrum
E. Utilization of African cheap labour
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2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B by writing the letter of the
corresponding responses beside the item number in the answer sheets provide.
LIST A LIST B
(i) The first Portuguese merchant explorer to
round the cape of Good hope
(ii) Famous British explorer in West Africa
(iii) The feudal relation which developed between
the Tutsi and Hutu
(iv) The new economic strategy of Tanzania in
1967
(v) Resolved the conflict on the use of Congo and
Niger rivers
(vi) The first exploitative mode of production
(vii) The first un exploitative mode of production
(viii) The survival of colonial system despite the
formal attainment of political independence
(ix) A country that gained independence in 1990s
(x) A Mau Mau leader
A. Ubugabire
B. Colonialism
C. Senegal
D. Anglo-Germany treaty of 1890
E. Mungo Park
F. South Africa
G. William Mackinnon
H. Communalism
I. Neo-colonialism
J. Nyarubanja
K. General China
L. Zimbabwe
M. Assimilation
N. Arusha Declaration
O. Capitalist conference of 1884-1885
P. Feudalism
Q. Indirect rule system
R. Cecil Rhodes
S. Vasco Da Gama
T. Slavery
SECTION B (20 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
3. (a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and locate by using roman numbers.
(i) The country which moved from apartheid to black majority rule in 1994
(ii) The country which attained political independence in 1957
(iii) An East Africa country in which peasant cash crops production predominated
(iv) The country in which the genocide occurred in 1990s
(v) The country where the headquarters of the O.A.U liberation committee based
(b) Outline five objectives of Berlin conference.
4. (a) Arrange the following statements in chronological order by writing number 1
to 5 beside the item number.
i. The district officers exercised full jurisdiction over the people.
ii. German rule was renowned for its harshness.
iii. For the same reasons, very few officers could travel without armed escort for fear
of being attacked by the people.
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iv. Force was the base of German rule and each European traveled with a whip.
v. They meted out to “offender” any punishment they chose.
(b) The items (i-v) consist of four sentences which form a complete historical meaning. One
of the sentences (A-E) is missing. Identify the missing sentence and write its letter beside
the item number
(i) 1. The important items from West Africa to North Africa were gold and ivory
2. West Africa obtained salt, dates and horse from North Africa
3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. It expanded after the introduction of camel during the 19th Century.
A. This trade took place through the Atlantic Ocean
B. This trade took place across the Sahara desert
C. This trade took place across the Indian ocean
D. This trade took place after the partition of Africa
E. This trade took place after the decolonization of Africa
(ii) 1. Indirect rule system was predominant in British colonies
2. Chiefs had ability to collect tax
3. Chiefs had ability to rule and exploit raw materials
4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Chiefs had the ability to secure the labour required by colonial state to
construct railways, roads and bridges
B. It was used not only to provide employment to chiefs but also to solve the
problem of shortage of labour
C. They though that the system enabled them to be harsh and force the
Africans without any compromise to produce raw materials and provide
cheap labour
D. German like the use of chiefs because they saw them as people who could
administer the people to meet colonial interest
E. Indirect rule was introduced first by Lugard in Kenya
(iii) 1. In the course of time the whites settlers established themselves as stock farmers
2. They farmed and at the same time kept cattle
3. Eventually they were referred to as Boers or Afrikaners
4. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. The language that evolved among them was Khoi Khoi
B. Their language was known as Xhosa
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C. They used to speak Spanish and Portuguese language
D. They adopted different Bantu languages
E. The language that evolved among them was Afrikaans
(iv) 1. Creation of one party system did not transfer power to the people
2. In pursuit of that goal TANU adopted the Arusha declaration
3. Following the Arusha Declaration more pronouncements were made in
mainland Tanzania
4. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. These included Education for self-Reliance and Socialism
B. These included common Maris Charter and Capitalism
C. These included nationalism and democratic election
D. These included multi-party system and decolonization
E. These included Arusha Declaration and globalization
(v) 1. During the British period, hospitals were concentrated in areas with dense
labour forces.
2. These included the urban centres, settlers and company plantations
3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. The same could be said for the health services offered a long the major routes
of migrant labourers.
A. They aimed at improving the standard of living of the Africans
B. They aimed at keeping the colonial laborers fit for production
C. They aimed at making the European inferior to the Africans
D. The Africans wanted to justify the importance of their medicine
E. The British wanted to prevent the Germans from getting treatment
SECTION C (60 Marks)
Answer three (3) questions from this section.
5. Examine six characteristics of the second exploitative mode of production in pre-colonial
African societies.
6. Using specific examples, explain how the expansion of Ngoni people during 19th century
affected the people of East and Central Africa (Give six points).
7. With examples explain why some African communities perceived collaboration with the
invaders (Give six points).
8. Why British preferred to use indirect rule in their colonies?(Give six points)
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9. How colonial state encouraged the interest of white settlers in Kenya? (Explain by using six
points)
10. Explain six features of colonial Education.
Then after attempting those questions a student have to write the following notes in the
exercise book as a continuation from where we ended.
TOPIC-FOUR
4.0 COLONIAL ECONOMY
Colonial Economy was the economic activities carried out by the exploiting Africans in form of
human labour and raw material.
OR
Refers to the system of production and the consumption which were introduced in colonies by
the colonialists in order to fulfill their economic demands such as cheap labour, raw materials,
markets, area for investment and area for settlements
OR
Colonial economy refers to economic systems of goods and services established during the
colonial era. It comprised activities such as trade, manufacturing, agriculture, mining, transport
and communication. The system was established in Africa and other parts of the world during the
19th Century
OBJECTIVE OF COLONIAL ECONOMY
Colonial economies were shaped by the interests of the metropolitan economy, therefore, they
responded to the demands of the Colonial powers.The following are the objectives of the
colonial economy
1. Colonial were expected to provide raw materials. Both agriculture products and minerals
to the factories of the European countries. Example of agricultural raw-materials include
cotton, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, tea, cocoa and palm oil.
2. Colonies were expected to import manufactured goods like clothes, shoes, blankets and
utensils from Europe.
3. The colonized people were expected to provide cheap labour for the benefit of colonial
masters
4. Colonies were also expected to be self-supporting. This means the colonized people were
expected to raise revenues that could support the administrative cost of colony
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5. To maintain law and order. In order to insure that exploitation of colonial resources was
done efficiently law and order was to be maintained. This in turn would facilitate the
exploitation of resources for the benefit of colonial masters.
6. Colonialist wanted to occupies areas for investment and settlement. For example the
Kikuyu highlands in kenya
CHARACTERISTICS / FEATURES OF COLONIAL ECONOMY
1. It was export-import oriented colonial economy. Specialized in production of raw
materials for the metropolitan industries and importation of manufactured goods in the
colonies such as clothes, wine sweets etc.
2. It was based on the exploitation of African resources such as man power minerals and so
on
3. It was based on monoculture system of production. The production of one crop like cocoa
in Ghana, Rubber in Liberia etc.
4. It was characterized by domination of European. It was dominated by Europeans. African
role of middlemen was suppressed instead of that European established their trade
companies. Example Germany East Companies (GEACO), Imperial British East Africa
Company (IBEACO).
5. Introduction of money economy. The colonial currency was used as a medium of
exchange. This was introduced purposely to force the Africans to offer their labour in the
colonial projects.
6. Colonial economy had very limited capital. The establishment and development of
colonial economies depended on local revenue and capital
7. It based on force or coercion. The African forced to produce and export rather than for
their own use (consumption). Example Kipande system in Kenya, labour ordinance in
1918 enforced people to work in European forms Africans who failed to supply their
labour power for a given time (180 days) were sent to jail.
8. Establishment of processing industries. Based on processing industries such as oil
extraction industries and ginneries for cotton. They were mainly for processing raw
materials ready to be exported to Europe.
9. It developed few infrastructures. Example Road, Railways, schools. Hospitals etc.
10. Depended on cheap labours.
11. It was dealing with land alienation. They introduced laws ordinance which legalized
occupation and alienation of African land to white settlers. Example the crown land
ordinance in 1915 in Kenya, in Tanganyika the 1923 land ordinance put all occupied land
and land occupied by Africans under the British crown.
METHODS USED TO ESTABLISH COLONIAL ECONOMY
There are three methods used to establish colonial economy which are;
1. Creation
2. Destruction
3. Preservation
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CREATION
The colonialists introduced new elements in the pre-African economy, things which were
introduced includes;
i. Introduction of money. Money was introduced in order to become as the medium of
exchange. For example European currencies replaced the money existed in pre-colonial
period in Africa that was in form of gold, cloth, copper etc.
ii. Taxation; taxes had to be paid in Cash, one had to get money in order to pay taxes either
by selling cash crops or selling labour force. Example in Kenya hut taxes was introduced
in 1901, matiti taxes etc.
iii. Land alienation; Land was alienated in order to open up agriculture, mining, industries as
well as settlements ordinances and land laws were created. Example in Kenya, the crown
land ordinance in1915, the land ordinance in Tanganyika in 1923
iv. Building up infrastructures such as roads, railways, schools, hospitals, harbours and ports,
courts etc.
v. Cash crops production; Africans had to produce cash crops and sell to the colonialists
rather than to produce for their own consumption.
vi. Forced labour; Africans were forced to supply labour to their master projects. Labour
ordinance were introduced. Example the labour ordinance in servant ordinance in
Tanganyika in 1923
vii. Migrant labour system; colonialist introduced the migrant labour system in order to
ensure constant supply of labour in colonies also the system enabled them to exploit
Africans.
viii. Introduced manufactured goods from Europe. For example sweet, clothes, wine, shoes,
blankets etc.
DESTRUCTION
This means the destruction of self-sufficient African economy in order to make Africans to
engage in colonial economy. How?
i. Destruction of African local industries. In order to avoid competition with them in raw
materials and markets.
ii. Destruction of Africans local economy. They destructed commercial or trade interests by
introducing imperialists British East Africa Company(IBEACO), British South Africa
Company (BSACO), Germany East Africa Company (GEACO)
iii. By flooding agriculture markets
iv. Destruction of African culture
PRESERVATION
This means that the Europeans safeguarded or preserved things which were in Africa before the
colonialists. How?
i. Preserved primitive and crude technology or tools. Example hand hoes, axes and Panga
were preserved
ii. The unity of production. For example the use of family as the major unit of production
iii. They preserved relation of production of Africans. They had neither intended to improve
African technology nor bringing positive change to Africans allowed production for
subsistence
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iv. Preservation of some Africans feudal institutions which supported them during
establishment of colonialism. Example Buganda in Uganda was preserved and Fante in
West Africa.
WHY DID COLONIALISTS USED PRESERVATION METHOD. (why colonialist
preserved some traditional African economic systems)
i. Presence of resistance from the masses; in some areas in Africa which were centralized
strongly resisted new colonial economies systems. Example disagrees to pay taxes, land
alienation.
ii. Ignorance and absence of relation of people. Colonialists preserved some traditional
African economic systems because in some areas. Africans were ignorant with a new
economic system and were not ready to apply them.
iii. Reluctant conservativeness of the people. Some African were not ready for changes
hence colonialists preserved their traditional economic systems.
iv. Absence of enough land. In some areas land alienation was impossible hence colonialists
left the Africans to maintain their traditional economic systems under Colonialists
supervision.
v. Good traditional labour system. Some of the African societies had good traditional labour
system that is family which ensured constant supply of labour and production which
prevented colonialists to apply new economic system.
vi. Awareness of cash crops. Production in some areas in Africa including Buganda they had
knowledge of practices cash crops even before colonial rule hence colonialists preserved
them.
SECTORS OF COLONIAL ECONOMY AND SPECIFICATION
There are several sectors in the colonial economy in East Africa. These sectors included
agriculture, industry, transport and communication, mining as well as the colonial labour sector.
1. AGRICULTURE SECTOR
Colonial agriculture economy was introduced by colonialist to produce cash crops which were to
be exported to European to feed various industries.
Since the colonialist were meant to produce raw materials. The main sectors emphasized were
mining agriculture; each colonial power preferred her own agricultural system to be adopted by
her. For example peasant agriculture adopted in Uganda, Ghana and Nigeria, settler in Kenya,
Zimbabwe and Angola, plantation adopted in Tanganyika etc.
FACTORS WHICH DETERMINED THE VARIATION AND TYPES OF
AGRICULTURE ECONOMY IN COLONIES IN AFRICA
i. Climate; climate determined the type of agriculture. For example in hot climate like
Uganda settler economy could not fit because climate would discourage white settlers,
since settlers were attracted in cool climate areas like in Kenya Algeria etc.
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ii. Size of the area; plantation and settler economy required large areas to establish. For
example in Tanganyika and Congo. Areas like Gold coast(Ghana) and Uganda were left
to establish peasant economy by the British because their size was small
iii. Population factor; in dense population like Uganda it was difficult to establish settler
plantation economies which needed large areas since the whole areas was inhabited and
left with few spaces.
iv. The nature of the colony; some of colonies were regarded as “the crown colonies” ruled
by the governor appointed by the monarch, for example this status the colonies were
under close supervision by white settlers because they favored the interest of Queen or
King. For example settler economy practiced in Kenya and Southern Rhodesia
v. Technology; In some areas where they developed the use of simple tools like hand hoes
the colonialist allowed them to practice small scale agriculture
vi. Ownership; in some areas where they used feudal private ownership of land the
colonialist allowed them to practice small scale agriculture
TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL SECTORS INTRODUCED IN AFRICA DURING
COLONIAL ECONOMY
1. Peasant Agriculture/economy eg; Uganda
2. Settlers Agriculture/ economy eg; Kenya
3. Plantation Agriculture/ economy eg; Tanganyika
A. PEASANT AGRICULTURE
These are small scale agriculture or production where by the farmers or produces both food crops
and cash crops
OR
It was the type of agriculture where small farmers were allowed to grow cash crops in their small
plots alongside with their subsistence crops using the family labour and crude technology.
Colonialist introduced peasant agriculture during colonial rule for the following reasons;
i. Earning cash by selling cash crops
ii. Production and producing food crops for their survival during colonial rule.
iii. To ensure that peasants (small scale farmers) are producing for capitalists.
HOW PEASANT ECONOMY WAS INTRODUCED IN AFRICA
Introduction of peasant, cash crops farming in Africa was difficult because of the following;
i. Africa traditional was only producing food crops for direct consumption.
ii. Ignorance; Many Africans were ignorant(not aware) on cash crops production
iii. Readiness of people; Many people were not ready to produce cash crops.
iv. Poor technology; most of the peasants were using poor technology in the farming i.e the
use of hand hoes, axes, panga e.t.c
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Due to the above difficulties colonialists applied the following things in order to introduce
peasant cash crops production:
i. Missionaries persuasion; missionaries persuade Africans who converted to Christianity to
grow cash crops
ii. The use of force; Those Africans who rejected to grow cash crops were forced and given
order by the colonialist, chiefs and head men.
iii. Through seeds distribution and cash crops plantation/planting supervision
iv. Establishment of large farms in villages which grew cash crops where people were forced
to work there
v. Encourage the use of poor (crude) technologies in production. Example the use of hand
hoes, Pangas etc.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PEASANT AGRICULTURE
i. It was based on land units, which were very small because big areas were being directly
populated
ii. There was individual ownership of land
iii. Sometimes there was intercropping in order to maintain various food and cash crops at
the sometime (combined both food and cash crops)
iv. It used elementary tools such as hoes, arrows and Pangas. These were used as element or
instrument of labour
v. There was no any use of scientific method of farming
vi. It was confined in areas where there was dense population and local authority to organize
agriculture
vii. It was based on family labour by the African communities
viii. Taxation was introduced on the people so that they could cultivate cash crops
FACTORS THAT FAVOURED PEASANTS AGRICULTURE IN COLONIES
i. Dense population; it made difficult for land alienation to be practice, hence settler
agriculture was not possible to be practiced.
ii. Different governors preferred peasant agriculture; For example Governor Harry Johnston
of Uganda and Governor Horrace Byatt and Sir Donald Cameroon in Tanganyika
preferred peasant agriculture.
iii. Peasant agriculture was cheap; it did not need huge capital in production of raw-materials
compared to settler economy. Example peasant agriculture in Uganda
iv. Climatic condition; Some areas were thought to be un fit for the European settlement as
for as climatic condition was concerned. For example in Uganda an Nigeria where there
was not cool climate to support white settlement
v. It was easy for them to get tax, raw materials
vi. It did not require subsides from the government like in white settlers and plantation
economy
vii. Centralized and strong Kingdoms were preferred for indirect rule and peasants economy
rather than settler and plantations system. Eg in Buganda
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PEASANT AGRICULTURE IN UGANDA
Peasant agriculture was the small scale agriculture or production where by farmers produced
both food crops and cash crops. Farmers owned small piece of land and produce cash crops and
food crops i.e. cotton, coffee, tea etc. It was dominant in Uganda, Nigeria and Ghana.
Why peasant was dominant in Uganda?
i. Climatic condition; hot climate because of the Equatorial climates which was unsuitable
for European settlement.
ii. Strong centralized Kingdom. Strong Kingdoms practicing permanent agriculture, the land
was owned by a strong local class of feudal so it was not easy to alienation their land
iii. The readiness of people of Uganda to adopt new agriculture methods i.e. chief convinced
the British that yields would be obtained even without inviting settlers or plantation
iv. Labour problems; since people were engaged in small scale production
v. Peasant agriculture is less expensive it need no credit or services of forced labour to
peasant
vi. Dense population; In Uganda was an obstacle to alienation the land to settlers, otherwise
spread of resistance would occur
vii. For Uganda being a protectorate made the British to avoid imposing policies which
would otherwise annoy the Buganda and therefore conflicts
B. SETTLER AGRICULTURE/ECONOMY
The settler economy involved production by foreigners who settled permanently in the colonies.
The promotion of agricultural production was to go hand to hand with white settlement in Africa,
especially in fertile areas. Example in Kenya, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Angola, Mozambique,
Zambia and South Africa.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS/ FEATURES OF SETTLER ECONOMY
i. Land alienation
ii. Forced labour
iii. Taxation
iv. Migrant labour
v. Development of infrastructures
vi. It need high capital
vii. It involved high mechanisms/ mechanization example combining harvesters, tractors
In East Africa settler agriculture was mostly practiced in Kenya where by settler took fertile land
in Kikuyu highland and grow coffee, tea, tobacco, pyrethrum.
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It was led by a South Africa Lord Delamere who started farming in 1903 under the support of Sir
Charles Eliot the commissioner of Kenya from 1900 to 1904.
Many settlers came from Britain, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. It was also practiced
in few areas in Tanganyika like West Usambara, Kilimanjaro highland and Meru where coffee
was grown.
WHY SETTLER WAS DOMINANT IN KENYA
i. Climatic condition; Around the Kenya highland Europeans were interested by suitable
climate. The areas where rainfall and favorable soil was available for example the Kikuyu
highlands
ii. The British government made Kenya as a crown land or colony for white settlement and
alienated the land for them
iii. Laser population in highland areas
iv. The completion of Uganda-Kenya railway in 1902 (Availability of good infrastructure)
v. No strong opposition from Africans
vi. Favors from colonial government
vii. Availability of land; settlers preferred to settle in areas which had low population density,
land was alienated or occupied in order to open up colonial projects such as Agriculture
and settlements, land laws and ordinance were also created e;g the crown land ordinance
of 1915
viii. Availability of labours; the colonial government ensured constant supply of labour by
creating laws and ordinance Example the masters and servant native act of 1906 and
labour ordinance of 1918.
HOW COLONIAL STATE ENCOURAGED/UPHOLD/ FAVOURED/ SERVED THE
INTEREST OF WHITE SETTLERS IN KENYA
i. Climatic condition; Kenya was preferred by settlers due to its temperature and fertile soil.
For example in Kikuyu highland the soil and climate were good for European
settlements.
ii. Land alienation; the colonial state enacted land ordinances which legalized private
ownership of land and legalized or legitimated the alienation of Africa land to white
settlers.
iii. Taxation; settlers were exempted from taxation of what they import or export in order to
boost them. Only Africans paid taxes.
iv. Colonial government gave them grants, loans and credits were given to settler to expand
their activities at low costs. At the time of crises they were subsidized by government
v. The government extended infrastructure to their farms. Example Mombasa to Kisumu
railway built in 1895
vi. They were encouraged through social segregation; they were given own/high quality
social services. Example Hotels, buses and recreational centers
vii. They were encouraged to cultivate cash crops and sell them to colonial government at
affixed good prices unlike other peasants.
viii. Created or constructed industries such as beverage industries, food canning industries and
cigarette industries.
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ix. They were allowed to defend their right publically; the whites had separate courts, prison
and law governing them.
WHAT DID THE COLONIAL GOVERNMENT DO TO ENSURE A CONSTANT
SUPPLY OF LABOUR IN KENYA
i. Land alienation; the British colonial government passed laws or land ordinances which
allowed settlers to own land or pieces of land from Africa. Example the land ordinance of
1902 and 1915. Africans were turned landless hence labourers
ii. Africans were not allowed to grow cash crops. The colonial state in Kenya prevented
Africans from producing cash crops in order to avoid competition
iii. Forced labour; laws passed to make sure that Africans worked in Europe (whites) farms
as cheap labourers. The colonial states passed law like;
a) The master and servants ordinance of 1906. This law forced the Africans to
became labourers under the control of whites settlers as the masters
b) The law in1921, the native registration ordinance. This law forced the Africans
especially males to register their names and carry the identification called
KIPANDE CARD. This law was implemented by corporal punishment to the
Africans who had no Kipande card.
iv. Taxation; the taxes was to be paid by cash, all Africans had to pay tax, people had to
work in European farms so as to earn money for tax
v. Settlers were favored; the colonial state or government favored the white settlers by
giving them loans from banks which would help them to incur the expenses in running
their farms.
vi. The colonial state developed social services in settler farms like road, schools, hospitals
hence Africans were attending them as workers
THE DEVONSHIRE WHITE PAPER
This was among the land act which was made in 1923 by colonial state in Kenya with its features
of racialism. i.e separation between Africans, Asians and European over the issue of land and
political representation led to the conference in London held by Duke Devonshire
THE AGREEMENT OR COVERS OF DEVONSHIRE WHITE PAPER OF 1923
i. A part from land holding in the highland there would be no racial discrimination in
Kenya
ii. It declared that Kenya was primary an Africa land so the interest of Africans should be
supreme(paramount)
iii. Asians were allowed to select five (5) members to the legislative council (LEGO).
iv. The highland areas was served for European settlement only without interference with
others
v. Africans was represented by Europeans in the legislative council (LEGO), since one
missionary was appointed to represent Africans
vi. There would be no farther constitutional privileges for settlers
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C. PLANTATION AGRICULTURE
Plantation agriculture was production of cash crops in big plantations which were owned by
capitalist who lived in Europe but they sent managers to supervise production in the colonies.In
east Africa plantation agriculture mainly existed in Tanganyika under the Germany rule up to
1914.
Characteristics of plantation agriculture
i. They were large scale agriculture i.e large estates
ii. It based on monoculture. Plantation agriculture specialized in production of single crops
iii. It need large number of workers who were to be employed
iv. Production was mainly for export
v. It required large capital
vi. The owner of the capital was colonial state and foreigner companies example ABIR
(Angola, Belgian Indian Rubber Company) in Congo.
vii. Plantations were scientifically managed and involved the use of machines and fertilizers
viii. Government insured the constant supply of labour for them
WHY PLANTATION WAS PRACTICED IN TANGANYIKA
i. Plenty of land for plantation
ii. Unsuitable climate (hot) for European settlement
iii. Availability of labourers eg. Migrant labourers
iv. No strong Kingdom
v. Laser population in some areas
2. MINING ECONOMY
Mining was another area of colonial economic activities. Its demand was to obtain minerals
in Africa such as gold, copper, diamond and salt in areas with large quantity of minerals.
Examples of areas where mining economy was taking place were;
i. South Africa; In Kimberly diamond discovered in 1867
ii. East Africa; Mwadui (shinyanga) diamond, Geita and Musoma produced Gold,
Copper at Kimbe in Uganda, Salt in Uvinza near lake Tanganyika.
iii. Central Africa; Southern Rhodesia- Gold and Coal, Congo produced Copper, tin, zinc
etc, Zambia produced Copper, Angola produced diamond and oil.
iv. West Africa; Northern Nigeria produced coal mines, oil and Ghana produced gold
mines.
THE SKETCH MAP OF AFRICA SHOWING MINING AREAS DURING THE
COLONIAL ERA
(live one page for diagram)
CHARACTERISTICS OF MINING ECONOMY
i. Mining economy was operated by foreign companies for example BSACO
ii. It required high capital
iii. It involved the use of African labourers. Migrant labourers
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iv. It involve land alienation
v. It was highly mechanized and scientifically managed
IMPACT OF MINING SECTOR
i. The colonial mining sector exploited African minerals
ii. The emergence of large capitalist mining companies
iii. Land alienation
iv. Development of town and cities e;g Johanesburg in South Africa
v. It created the working class that consisted of cheap labourers who worked for lower
wages in the mines
vi. Improvement infrastructures. Example roads, railways and ports
vii. Under development of Africa
3. TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
This sector involved the construction of roads, railways, ports and harbours in the colonies.
After the exploitation of African resources by the colonialist, next was to set up modern
transport systems including roads, railways, ports and harbours. This was to simplify the
transrportation of products from mining and farming activities
During the period from 1890-1920’s many railway lines, roads and ports were set up in
Africa. For Example
IN EAST AFRICA
1. The Germans were the first to build a railway line in East Africa. This line began to be
constructed from Tanga in 1893 reached Korogwe in 1902, Korogwe-mombo in 1905
and Mombo to Moshi in1912.
2. The British began to construct the Uganda railway in 1896 from Mombasa and it reached
Nairobi in 1899, Nakuru in 1900, Kisumu or Port Florance in 1901, this railway reached
Jinja in 1923 and Finally in Kampala in 1931
3. The German also constructed the central railway line from Dar-es-salaam in 1905 it
reached Morogoro in 1907, Kilosa in 1909, Dodoma in 1910, Tabora in 1912 and
Kigoma in 1914, where world war I erupted. The branch of extension from Tabora to
Mwzanza was built by the British after World war I by 1928 it had reached in Mwanza
4. Road in East Africa began to be constructed between 1910 and 1920, they were built by
the African communities in the rural areas. These roads were used by the colonial
government as feeder ways to the railway system
5. Water ways or marine services were introduced in Lake Tanganyika and Victoria
streams. Services were introduced between port bell in Uganda and Kisumu (Port
Florence) in Kenya. Also these were streams services at Kigoma in Lake Tanganyika and
Bukoba to Mwanza and Mwanza to Ukerewe and Ukerewe to Musoma on Lake Victoria.
IN WEST AFRICA
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1. A railway line was built from Dakar Senegal to Bamako Mali by the French in 1880
2. A line was built from Conakry (Guinea) to Kankan in Guinea by French in 1901
3. Another railway line was constructed in Sierra leone from Freetown to Pendembu in
1896 by the British
IN CENTRAL AFRICA
1. Matadi to Kinshasa railway in Zaire by Belgians
2. Bonaberi to Nkongsamba in Cameroon by Germans
3. From Douala to Widimenge in Cameroon by Germans
A SKETCH MAP OF EAST AFRICA SHOWING RAILWAY LINES BUILT DURING THE
COLONIAL ERA
(live one page for diagram)
CHARACTERISTICS OF COLONIAL TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
1. The setting up of railways and roads networks started from the coast area to the interior.
Example from Dar-es-salaam to Moshi and Dar-es-salaam to Kigoma railways
2. They were concentrated in production areas and areas with labourers (labour reserve
areas) . Was mainly to the areas producing raw materials such as cash crops and minerals
3. The general direction of railways and roads was dictated by the needs of the colonial
powers rather than the interests of the subject (Africans)
4. Most of railways were constructed and run by either the colonial governments in Africa
or their agents. For example in some parts of Northern and Southern Africa railways were
constructed by the British South Africa Company (BSACO)
5. The size of the communication networks was very small in length. They were extended
especially to the producing centres of raw materials such as plantation estates and mining
areas
6. The road networks was planned to serve the big towns, where most of the European
population lived. For Example in Morocco and Nairobi in Kenya
7. The ports were built at the terminals of the railway lines
8. Most of the colonial infrastructure networks were constructed through forced labour and
financed by taxes and revenues collected from the Africans
IMPACT OF COLONIAL ROAD AND RAILWAYS
i. Land alienation took place in order to built railways
ii. The sector facilitated the exploitation of natural and human resources
iii. Transport and communication contributed to the destruction of the markets for
African societies
iv. Rapid growth of capitalist economy in the colonies.
v. Brutal treatment during construction
vi. It led to the increase white settlers in Kenya
vii. Un evenly development in Africa countries. Some areas were negligated. Example in
Tanganyika (lindi and Mtwara) North Uganda, Trukana in Kenya.
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viii. Infrastructures facilitated evangelism work of the Christian missionaries in Kenya and
Uganda
ix. Led to the growth of Urban centers such as Nairobi and Kisumu in Kenya and Tanga,
Moshi in Tanganyika
x. Led to increase in rural-urban migration
AIMS OF THE COLONIAL ROADS AND RAILWAYS
i. To transport raw-materials such as cotton and sisal from productive area to the coast
ii. To as transport minerals
iii. To transport European officials from the coast to the interior. Example soldiers,
teachers, nurse etc.
iv. To transport European finished goods from Europe (manufactured goods)
v. To Transport agriculture and mineral inputs such as fertilizers, spare parts, food
needed in mining and processing industries.
vi. To transport migrant labourers from one area to another for example central railway
line transported labourers from Kigoma, Dodoma, Singida and Rukwa to Morogoro,
Kilimanjaro and Tanga plantations
PROBLEMS/OBSTACLES/DIFFICULTIESENCOUNTERED WHEN CONSTRUCTING
THE RAILWAY FROM KENYA – UGANDA, MOMBASA TO KIKUYU
i. Shortage of capital
ii. Physical difficulties eg; high mountain and rivers
iii. Natural disasters; labourers were suffered from diseases like Malaria, sleeping sickness,
small pox and most of them were attacked by Jiggers
iv. There were problems over water and food supply
v. Strong resistance from Africa; Example Nandi societies killed workers, destroyed railway
stations because they revenged for their alienated land
vi. Engineers and surveyors lacked enough knowledge about the interior, and then they faced
physical obstacles like rift valley.
4. INDUSTRY
Both the Germans and the British set up industries in East Africa. When Tanganyika was
handed over to the British after the World War I in 1919 the industrial development
continued to prevail under the British government.
The type of industries which existed during the colonial economy were processing industries
were constructed in order to reduce the bulkiness or the weight of raw material such as crops
and minerals before they were exported to Europe.
Examples of processing industries which have been constructed were;
i. Tanganyika Packers was a meat factory in Dar-es-salaam
ii. The Dar es salaam Brewery was established since 1924 and was taken over by the
East Africa Breweries Ltd based in Nairobi ten years later
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iii. In 1959 the Bata shoe Company was formed in Tanganyika as a branch of the Bata
(East Africa) Ltd
iv. The Tanganyika Planting Company(TPC)was started in Arusha Chini to produce
sugar.
It has been argued that the colonial government never troubled themselves with bigger
industrialization which produced the tools and machines for production. There reasons
for leaving out African industrialization included;
i. African colonies were only created to produce agricultural raw material
ii. They need unskilled cheap labour in the agricultural farms and other sectors of
economy
iii. It was avoided because the colonialists wanted to protect market for manufactured
goods
iv. The colonial government officials lacked interests to develop bigger industries in
the colonies of East Africa
IMPACT OF THE COLONIAL INDUSTRY
i. The processing industries facilitated the exploitation of agriculture raw material
ii. They contributed to the rise of capitalist economies
iii. Import substitution industries accelerated the fall of markets for locally produced
goods
iv. Development of towns. Example Nairobi, Kampala and Dar-es-salaam
5. FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
The financial institutions mainly consisted of the insurance corporations and the banks. In
case of East Africa, much insurance business had their headquarters in Nairobi and they were
further incorporated. They were owned by the foreign companies based in town to provide
insurance services to the whites and Asian businesses and families.
Banks were introduced to provide the financial loans to commercial companies which were
owned by the foreigners. The Germans opened the banks in Tanganyika before 1914. The
first German bank in German East Africa was the Deutche-Ostafirkenische bank under the
support of the Deutche bank with a 2 million capital.
The British opened the Barclays bank which had branches in East Africa. The bank loans to
settlers and foreign businesses. All banks neglected the African development
CHARACTERISTICS OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
i. They were subsidiaries of the banks in the capitalist nations providing loans to the
capitalist investments in the colonies.
ii. Banks accumulated profits and sent it to the mother nations
iii. They provided employment to the surplus labour in Europe. Many Europeans were
sent to the colonies to be employed as managers and loan officers
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iv. They were located in the urban areas to promote Asian trading companies, settlers,
planters and mining companies. African families in the rural areas did not benefit
from these banks.
v. They protected the interests and objectives of the colonial economy in the colonies.
IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
i. They spearheaded the development of capitalism in the colonies
ii. Thy helped the capitalist accumulate capita by saving their income in the colonial
economy
iii. Money economy was consolidated by the banks
6. TRADE SECTOR
Trade in East Africa was in the hands of Asians from India. Most of them were Gujarati
Indians who had trade links with East Africa many years ago. The Indians who were brought
as labourers in the construction of the Kenya-Uganda railway went back to India but
significant number of them remained and engaged in commerce where by the supplied
imported manufactures goods to remote areas and exported peasants crops. They settled in
towns and formed trading companies such as;
i. The Madhuvan Group worked in Uganda and Kenya
ii. Karimjee and Jivanjee worked in Tanganyika
IMPACT OF THE TRADE SECTOR
i. Trade sector led to the influx of Asian traders in East Africa
ii. The rise of many foreign trading companies was connected to the development of the
trade sector
iii. Development of import and export trade grew in Africa.
COLONIAL LABOUR FORCE
One of the major problems facing the colonial state was to get reliable labour supply. Labourers
were needed for the building the colonial infrastructures such as roads, railways and also
labourers were needed on the plantations, settlers, mining and other sectors.
TYPES OF COLONIAL LABOUR
There are three types of colonial labour.These are;
i. Forced labour
ii. Contract labour
iii. Migrant labour
A. FORCED LABOUR
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This type of labour was not very different from slave labour through the use of force.
African was easily forced to provide porterage service by the colonial forces. This form
of labour also existed in the white settler colonies such as Kenya.
B. CONTRACT LABOUR
This type of labour involves the use of recruiting agents to mobilize and recruit African
labourers. These agents were required to convince and persuade African labourers to sign
up labour contracts. When labourer sign a contract, it became a crime to break such
contract, therefore those who broke the contract
C. MIGRANT LABOUR
These were the labourers or workers who shift more from a distance area to the
productive areas.
Labourers were from Kigoma, Songea, Iringa, Tabora, Lindi etc. The productive areas
were Kilimanjaro, Morogoro and Bukoba in those areas social service were established
like railways, schools, hospitals, road etc.
Others migrant labourers were from out of colony. Example were from Mozambique and
Malawi to South Africa mining centers.
LABOUR RESERVE AREAS
These are areas where labourers were recruited or obtained by individual, owners of
farms or by organization. In Tanganyika the SILABU Company formed which means
Sisal Labourers Bureau for recruiting labour reserve to productive areas
In Tanganyika most cash crops was Sisal in Morogoro, Kilimanjaro and Tanga all these
areas needed workers
Why colonialist preferred to use migrant labour?
i. It was cheap to obtain them.
ii. It was easy to collect taxes
iii. It helped European to avoid resistance from the labourers
iv. Labourers were paid low wages so it helped European to reduce the cost.
v. It was easy to control them. Labourers could not run away because were kept in
dormitories
vi. They were important market for European manufactured goods; since they were
paid lowly labourers used to buy European goods when they turn back home.
vii. It was easy to keep them disunity; because they were recruited from different
parts. Example from Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and they worked
temporary on a particular area.
viii. Migrant labour had no freedom; their time table was fixed from morning to
evining. They worked in long hours. This prevented from forming political
organization among themselves.
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ix. Migrant labourers used to link colony with particular sector; migrant labourers
were in plantation, mining and building infrastructures, therefore labourers were
recruited depending on a particular sector.
NB; There was insurance of constant supply of labour throughout the year, since
migrant labourers recruited periodically and ordinances affected
CHARACTERISTICS OF COLONIAL LABOUR
i. Poor housing (squatters). Example in Dar-es- salaam and Kimberley
ii. Low wages
iii. Discrimination between white and blacks in the same post. Example in Gold
coast(Ghana) European paid 40 pounds per month while Africans paid 4 pounds
iv. Poor working conditions (poor water and health services)
v. Absence of insurance. Example workers were given “Living wages”
vi. Most of them were unskilled
vii. It was not well organized and lacked clear political consciousness. Example in
Tanganyika up to 1950’s no workers union. The federation of labour was formed
in 1955.
viii. Africans were oppressed, exploited and humiliated. Example; Kenyans had to
carry Kipande Pass in their own country to beg for a wage of 15/= to 20/=
METHODS/MECHANISM/TACTICS USED BY COLONIAL GOVERNMENT
TO GET LABOUR
How the colonial government ensured the constant supply of labour in most colonies?
i. Taxation
ii. Land alienation
iii. Forced labour. Example Kipande system
iv. Monetization (introduction of money)
v. Introduction of cash crops
vi. Brought out European manufactured goods
vii. Regionalization i.e creation of labour reserves
viii. Destruction of African traditional industries and technology to avoid competition
ix. The use of laws and ordinances. Eg. Labour ordinance of 1923
x. Introduction of the use of western Education
xi. The use of migrant and contract labour system
xii. Low wages; through low wages had no more chance of developing themselves
xiii. Formation of associations of recruiting labourers.
Example; In Tanganyika Sisal Labour Bereau (SILABU)
IMPACT OF COLONIAL ECONOMY ON THE AFRICAN SOCIETIES
i. Land alienation
ii. Forced labour
iii. Taxation
iv. Construction of Colonial infrastructures
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v. Destruction of Africa traditional, industries and technology
vi. Migrant labours
vii. Underdevelopment of Africa
viii. Unequal development in Africa states
ix. Colonies remained technologically backwards.
x. Decline of food crops production in favour of the production of cash crops
xi. Creation of monoculture economy
xii. Introduction of colonial apparatus
xiii. Creation of dependent economy.
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ST. AUGUSTINE - TAGASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
PHYSICS
18h March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. Remember to show clearly your solution and proper arrangement of your work
2. Read carefully the given questions and write the correct solution
3. The four figure mathematical tables may be used.
4. Where necessary the following constants may be used;
Force of gravity = 10N/kg or 10m/s2
Density of water = 1000kg/m3 or 1g/cm3
Refractive index of water = 4/3
Pi, π = 3.14
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
QUESTION NUMBER SCORE SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TOTAL
This paper consist three (3) printed pages
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90N
R1 R2
50cm 200cm 100cm 150cm
1. (a) State the law of floatation
(b) Draw a well labeled diagram of a hydrometer
(c)A hydrometer scale has a large number at its lower side than its upper side. Explain
(d) A hydrometer of mass 20g with 8cm of its stem not immersed in water, the cross
sectional area of the stem is 1cm2. What length of stem is not immersed when the
hydrometer is placed in oil of density 0.8g/cm3?
2. (a) Briefly explain how the density bottle is used in the determination of relative density
of a liquid
(b) An iron cube of volume 800cc is totally immersed in
(i) Water of density 1g/cc
(ii) Oil of density 0.8g/cc
(iii)Calculate the up thrust on the cube in each case. Calculate also the mass of oil
displaced
3. (a) Define the center of gravity
(b) Differentiate between stable equilibrium from unstable equilibrium
(c) From the figure below, calculate the reactions R1 and R2
4. (a) Write down all three equations of motion
(b) A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 15km/hrs in 10 seconds. Find;
(i) The acceleration in m/s2
(ii) Distance covered during this period in meters
(c) The maximum retardation with which the breaks of a locomotive can reduce its speed
is 1.8m/s2. Calculate the time in which the locomotive can be brought to rest.
5. (a) What are applications of hydraulic press?
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(b) In a hydraulic brake system the piston in the master cylinder has a diameter of 2.0cm
and the pistons in the slave cylinder have a diameter of 3.5cm. The brake pedal is pushed
down 10cm with a force of 50N. How far do the brake shoes move and with what force
do they press against the brake drum?
6. (a) Define resistivity of a material
(b) List four factors that determine a resistance of a conductor
(c) A battery of emf 12V and internal resistance of 1.5Ω is connected to a 4Ω resistor,
calculate;
(i) The total resistance of the circuit
(ii) The current through the circuit
(iii) The potential difference across the cell’s terminals
7. (a) Differentiate between primary colors and secondary colors, giving one example each
(b) What are complementary colors?
(c) What is the resulted color, when blue paint is mixed with yellow paint?
8. (a) Define the term principal focus
(b) Give the mathematical relationship between focal length and centre of curvature
(c) An object 2cm tall is placed 30cm in front of a diverging mirror of focal length of
20cm. Determine;
(i) The position of the image formed
(ii) The magnification and size of the image
(iii) The nature of the image
9. (a) Why the efficiency of the machine is not 100%
(b) A simple pulley system enables effort of 40N to lift a load of 3000N through a
vertical distance of 8m in 32 seconds. Calculate
(i) The mechanical advantage
(ii) The power output of the machine
(iii) The distance through which the point of application of the effort moves, if the
Efficiency of the machine is 60%
10. (a) (i) Name two types of spherical mirrors
(ii) Define magnification as applied to curved mirrors
(iii) Mention four characteristics of an image of an image formed by a diverging
mirror
(b) An object 2cm high is placed 12cm in front of a converging mirror of radius
of curvature of 30cm, determine;
(i) The position and size of the image formed
(ii) The nature of the image formed
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ST. AUGUSTINE - TAGASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE
LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
17th March -17th April, 2020
________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer ALL questions in this paper.
1. Questions number 1, 2 and 3 carry 20@ marks and 40marks for question number
4.
2. Write your name and stream on each page of your answer sheet.
3. Your work should be neat, clear and readable.
QUESTIONS
1. Fill in the empty spaces with the literary term which best fits the information
which is given:
a) The literary composition that involves the conversation between the playwright
and the audiences through characters is known as ………………
b) The short and popular narrative about the real person and events is known as
……………..
c) The type of plot by which the prior hints suggest the advanced hints in a literary
work is called …………….
d) The literary technique by which the author keeps using the pronouns frequently to
refer to the noun to be mentioned later is known as.................
e) The type of drama or play which involves both the elements of tragedy and
comedy is known as ……………..
f) The best words in the best order that can be distinguished from prose are called
…………….
g) Jokate told Hamisa Mobeto that “you’re an Angel” this device is called
……………..
h) The use of vulgar, obscene or dirty words which are offensive and ignored to the
public is known as ……………….
i) The character who is the representative of good will and forces in a literary plot is
known as................
j) The clothes worn by characters in action on the stage are known as ……………..
2. Authors have succeeded to convey various messages to the society. Use two plays
to discuss this contention.
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INSTRUCTIONS
Answer all questions in this paper.
1. Questions number 1, 2 and 3 carry 20@ marks and 40marks for question number
4.
2. Write your name and stream on each page of your answer sheet.
3. Your work should be neat, clear and readable.
QUESTIONS
1. Fill in the empty spaces with the literary term which best fits the information
which is given:
a) The literary composition that involves the conversation between the playwright
and the audiences through characters is known as ………………
b) The short and popular narrative about the real person and events is known as
……………..
c) The type of plot by which the prior hints suggest the advanced hints in a literary
work is called …………….
d) The literary technique by which the author keeps using the pronouns frequently to
refer to the noun to be mentioned later is known as.................
e) The type of drama or play which involves both the elements of tragedy and
comedy is known as ……………..
f) The best words in the best order that can be distinguished from prose are called
…………….
g) Jokate told Hamisa Mobeto that “you’re an Angel” this device is called
……………..
h) The use of vulgar, obscene or dirty words which are offensive and ignored to the
public is known as ……………….
i) The character who is the representative of good will and forces in a literary plot is
known as................
j) The clothes worn by characters in action on the stage are known as ……………..
2. Authors have succeeded to convey various messages to the society. Use two plays
to discuss this contention.
3. Novelists convey various issues which are relevant to the societies today. Use one
studied novel to justify this contention.
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4. Read the following poem carefully and then answer the following questions.
Your Pain (Armando Guebuza)
Your pain
Yet more my pain
Shall suffocate oppression
Your eyes
Yet more my eyes
Shall be speaking of revolt
Your scars
Yet more my scars
Will be remembering the whip
My hand
Yet more your hands
Will be lifted full armed
My strength
Yet more your strength
Shall overcome imperialism
My blood
Yet more your blood
Shall irrigate our victory.
QUESTIONS
a. What type of poem is this? Why? (2marks)
b. What is this poem about? (2marks)
c. What is the mood of the speaker? (2marks)
d. What is the tone of the poet towards the subject matter? (2marks)
e. Who is the persona of this poem? (2marks)
f. Citing relevant examples explain five themes portrayed in this poem. (10marks)
g. Discuss the relevance of five themes analysed above in Tanzania today. (10marks)
h. Describe any five figures of speech used in this poem. (10marks)
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SHULE YA SEKONDARI YA MTAKATIFU AUGUSTINO-TAGASTE
KAZI YA NYUMBANI KIPINDI CHA LIKIZO KIDATO CHA TATU
KISWAHILI
17 MACHI -17 APRILI, 2020
_______________________________________________________________
_MAELEKEZO:
1. Karatasi hii ina sehemu A, B, C, D na E.
2. Jibu maswali yote katika sehemu A, B, na D. Swali moja (1) kutoka sehemu C na
maswali matatu (3) kutoka sehemu E. Swali la 15 ni la lazima.
3. Zingatia maagizo ya kila sehemu na ya kila swali.
4. Majibu yote yaandikwe kwa kalamu yenye wino wa bluu au mweusi.
5. Andika jina lako katika kila ukurasa wa karatasi ya kujibia.
KWA MATUMIZI YA MTAHINI TU
NAMBA YA SWALI ALAMA SAINI YA MTAHINI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
JUMLA
Mtihani huu una kurasa nne (4) zilizochapwa
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SEHEMU A: (Alama 10)
UFAHAMU
1. Soma shairi lifuatalo kwa makini, kisha jibu kwa usahihi maswali yanayofuata.
Mimi naitwa muhogo, nani asiyenijua,
Pato hata liwe dogo, ubora nashikilia,
Siujui tega mtego, ni mshindi asilia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki.
Watu walinifuja, kwa nia na pambazuko,
Wakati ulipokuja, walipata hangaiko,
Kwa njaa walinitaja, wakihofu pukutiko,
Muhoja ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki
Palipokame naota, mimi sio mbamia,
Na sitofanya matata, ukininyima mbolea,
Bandi unayotata, kwangu mbali yapitia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki,
Hebu tafuna muhogo, Maji ukigugumia,
Au uchome muhogo, kwa chai ukatumia,
Lau chemsha Muhogo, safirini jitilia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki.
Ifikapo Ramadhani, mwezi tunautubia,
Zaidi chakula gani, Kaumu wategemea,
Nimondani futarini, wengi wanifuturia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki.
Nikija kwenye ugali, nani asofurahia?
Ni laini kwa asili, kisu hutaulizia,
Wanga wanga kwenye mwili, nguvu utatupatia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki.
Chakula unga ukande, ongeza sukari haba,
Kata biskuti pande, uvioke kwa vibaba,
Ni biskuti vipande, utazila kwa mahaba,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, atakufaaye kwa dhiki.
Ninayo mboga makini, kisamvu nakutajia,
Kina nyingi vitamini, zenye muhimu kwa afya,
Chakula utathamini, kisamvu ukitumia,
Muhogo ndiye rafiki, nikufaaye kwa dhiki.
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Shina langu ni shani, kuni utajipatia,
Mapishi ya kila fani, vyunguni kujivunia,
Utakuwa gharamani, Mafuta ukizoea
Muhugo ndiye rafiki, ni kufaaye kwa dhiki
MASWALI
(a) Eleza mawazo makuu matatu (3) yanayotokana na shairi hili.
(b) Eleza manufaa matano ya muhogo yaliyoelezwa katika shairi hili
(c) Eleza maana ya maneno yaliyopigiwa mstari.
(d) Andika kichwa cha shairi kwa maneno matatu (3) tu.
(e) “Atekaye maji mtoni asimtukane mamba”. Unafikiri methali hii inawakikisha
wazo la ubeti upi katika shairi hili? Fafanua jibu lako ukihusisha maana na
matumizi ya methali hiyo.
2. Fupisha shairi hili kwa maneno yasiyozidi hamsini (50).
SEHEMU B: (Alama 25)
SARUFI NA UTUMIZI WA LUGHA
3. Changanya sentensi sifuatazo kwa njia ya matawi.
(a) Mwanakwetu anapika chai sasa.
(b) Ngo’mbe aliyenunuliwa juzi amechinjwa leo asubuhi.
4. “Maana na mpangilio wa maneno katika sentensi ni vigezo muhimu vya
kumsaidia mtu kutambua aina za vielelezi (E)” Tumia mbinu hizo kuelezea aina
nne (4) za vielezi (E)”.
5. (a) Eleza dhima ya mofimo : “na” iliyopigiwa mstari katika sentensi zifuatazo.
i. Asha na John wataoana
ii. Ananata sana mtoto huyu
iii. Nani kati yenu anajua kusoma vizuri?
iv. Naomba mtege masikio yenu vizuri.
v. Baba na mama wanapendana sana.
6. Andika sentensi zifuatazo kwa usahihi.
i. Nimekodisha lori linipelekee vifaa vya ujenzi.
ii. Ng’ombe wangu ni mjamzito wa miezi nane.
iii. Nilikuja kwa nauli yangu mwenyewe.
iv. “Ulikuwa wapi? Nilitoka nje nilikuwa na mgeni”
v. Baba yangu anaugonjwa wa kisukari.
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7. Onesha ngeli zinazotumika katika nomino zifuatazo (Tumia kigezo cha
kisintaksia)
(a) Mtoto
(b) Mtume
(c) Sukari
(d) Simu
(e) Kipofu
(f) Shule
(g) Dodoma
(h) Mti
(i) Kuimba
(j) Kijana
SEHEMU C: (Alama 10)
UANDISHI
8. Andika simu ya maneno kwa baba yako aitwaye John singili umwambie aje
akuchukue siku ya kufunga shule ambayo ni tarehe 7/6/2019 saa 2:00 asubuhi bila
kukosa. Jina lako ni Zawadi Singili (Maneno yasizidi kumi (10)).
9. Andika barua kwa mzazi wako, ukimuarifu kwamba akuletee baadhi ya mahitaji
kwa shule ambayo yamekwisha. Jina lako Dunia Huinahuruma.
SEHEMU D: ( Alama 10)
MAENDELEO YA KISWAHILI
10. Kabla ya uhuru, waarabu walitumia njia gani ambazo zilisababisha kukua na
kuenea kwa Kiswahili Tanzania? Zitaje na uzielezee.
SEHEMU E: (Alama 45)
FASIHI KWA UJUMLA
11. Chora nafasi ya mwanaume katika tamthili ya kilio chetu na “Orodha”. Taja hoja
tatu (3) katika kila tamthiliya.
12. Jadili nafasi ya mwanaume katika tamthiliya ya “Kilio Chetu” na “Orodha”. Taja
hoja tatu (3) katika kila tamthiliya.
13. Matumizi ya lugha ni kipengele muhimu katika kazi za fasihi. Jadili jinsi
waandishi wa riwaya mbili (2) walivyoweza kutumia taswira katika vitabu vyao.
14. Migogoro ni jambo lisiloepukika katika jamii. Jadili migogoro iliyojitokeza katika
tamthiliya mbili ulizosoma darasani.
15. Tunga kisasili kisichozidi maneno 400 na kisichopungua maneno 350.
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ST. AUGUSTINE-TAGASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM THREE HOME PACKAGE EXAMINATION APRIL - 2020
BASIC MATHEMATICS
Time Stream .
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This paper consists of eight (08) compulsory questions.
2. Show clearly all the working and answers in the A4 paper chronologically (Starting from Qn 1
to the last).
3. Leave 2.0cm to the right and left in every page of the A4 paper as margins.
4. All writings must be in black or blue ink except drawings which must be in pencil.
5. Four figure mathematical tables, geometric instruments and graph papers may be used where
necessary.
6. Write your Name at top right corner of every page and your stream on front page.
1 a) Three quantities U,V and W are such that U varies directly as the square of V and
inversely as the square root of W. Given that and when , find
U when
b) If 2 students in the typing pool can type 210 pages in 3 days, how many students will be needed to
type 700 pages in 2 days?
2 a) The first three consecutive terms of an AP are such that their sum is 15 and their product is 45. Find the sum of the first five terms of the sequence.
b) Joan invested Tsh 100 000 in a bank which paid 5% per annum compound interest. Find the amount
in the bank at the start of the 8th year.
3 a) A plane is fyling at a height of 15km. An observer with the binoculars looks up at an angle of
from the horizontal and sees the plane. How far apart are the two? Give your answer to the nearest
km.
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b) The volume of a sphere is given by the formula .Using logarithms tables find the
volume of a sphere with radius 10.06 cm (take )
4 a) The table shows the masses of recruits in a security company.
Mass(kg) 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83
frequency 2 5 7 6 2 3
Find, (i) Mean
(ii) Median
(iii) Mode b) (i) Draw cumulative frequency curve (Orgive) and use it to estimate the median for the table in 4(a)
above
(ii) Draw histogram and use it to estimate the mode for the table in 4(a) above
5 a) A point A(1,3) is rotated through about the origin followed by a reflection on the line
. Draw the resulting figure and indicate the final image.
b) Draw the triangle whose vertices are A(2,-2), B(6,1) and C(-1,5). Find and draw the image triangle
formed by the translation which moves the origin to (1,3).
6 a) Given the relation
(i) Draw the graph of inverse of R
(ii) State the domain and range of inverse of R
b) Given the function -,
(i) Draw the graph of f(x)
(ii) State the domain and range of f(x)
7 a) Given
(i) Draw the graph of f(x)
(ii) Find the domain and range of f(x) (iii) Is f(x) one-to-one?
b) Given , State the domain and range of and
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8. a) Given the function
(i) Find the minimum point of f(x)
(ii) Find the x and y intercepts
(iii) Determine the axis of symmetry b) Draw the graph of f(x) using the results in part a(i-iii) and use it to indicate the solution of the
equation