Statistical Yearbook of the Food And Agricultural ... · PDF fileWheat production Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) Metalink: P3.FEED.FAO.ESS.WT.AH.SC, p. 113 Wheat is the most

PART 1

Crop production

Wheat is the most important crop in the region of Europe andCentral Asia. More than 80 million hectares of land are ded-icated to growing wheat, of which 240 million tonnes wereproduced in 2010. Wheat is followed by barley and sunflowerseeds in terms of harvested area, and by sugar beet and pota-toes in terms of quantity produced.

In Central Asia, wheat is grown on 16 million hectares of land,representing 5.7 percent of the total agricultural area, with 21million tonnes produced in 2010. This is followed by cottonwhich is planted on 2.3 million hectares, with a correspondingsecond highest ranking in crop production. Barley is also a sig-nificant crop in terms of area planted in this sub-region. Thelargest wheat producer in Central Asia is Kazakhstan, whileUzbekistan is the largest producer of cotton. Potatoes andtomatoes are also significant agricultural products in this sub-region.

In the Caucasus and Turkey, the area planted with wheatand barley represents one quarter of the total agriculturalarea. Even though olive oil is one of the significant prod-ucts of Turkey, olive plantations cover only some 830 thousandhectares (with 1.4 million tonnes of olives produced in 2010).In terms of quantities produced in this sub-region, wheat isthe leading crop, followed by sugar beet (18.2 million tonnesproduced in 2010). Tomatoes are the third largest producedcommodity, followed by barley (of which 7.9 million tonneswere produced in 2010). Both in terms of area planted andproduction, grapes are the sixth most farmed crop in this sub-region.

In South East Europe, the area planted with maize (1.8 millionhectares) is twice as large as wheat. From this area 10.6 mil-lion tonnes of maize were produced in 2010, with Serbia beingthe main maize producer. Plums are also important, and thesugar beet quantities produced have also been comparativelysignificant.

CHART 7: Harvested area of the most important crops in Cen-tral Asia (2010)

Safflower seed

Linseed

Maize

Rice, paddy

Rapeseed

Potatoes

Sunflower seed

Barley

Seed cotton

Wheat

0 5 10 15million ha

Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)

Metalink: P3.REU.FAO.ESS.CROP.AREA, p. 103

CHART 8: Production quantity of the most important crops inCentral Asia (2010)

Cotton lint

Carrots and turnips

Onions, dry

Barley

Watermelons

Cottonseed

Tomatoes

Seed cotton

Potatoes

Wheat

0 5 10 15 20million tonnes


Metalink: P3.REU.FAO.ESS.CROP.PROD, p. 103

18

CROP PRODUCTION

CHART 9: Harvested area of the most important crops in Cau-casus & Turkey (2010)

Tomatoes

Chick peas

Hazelnuts, with shell

Seed cotton

Grapes

Sunflower seed

Maize

Olives

Barley

Wheat

0 2 4 6 8million ha



CHART 10: Production quantity of the most important crops inCaucasus & Turkey (2010)

Onions, dry

Apples

Watermelons

Maize

Grapes

Potatoes

Barley

Tomatoes

Sugar beet

Wheat

0 5 10 15 20million tonnes



CHART 11: Harvested area of the most important crops inSouth Eastern Europe (2010)

Sugar beet

Vegetables fresh nes

Grapes

Potatoes

Barley

Sunflower seed

Soybeans

Plums and sloes

Wheat

Maize

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5million ha



CHART 12: Production quantity of the most important crops inSouth Eastern Europe (2010)

Watermelons

Tomatoes

Cabbages and other brassicas

Soybeans

Plums and sloes

Grapes

Potatoes

Wheat

Sugar beet

Maize

0 5 10million tonnes



19

PART 1

In CIS Europe, the harvested area of wheat accounts for 13percent of the total global area planted with wheat, with theRussian Federation being the fourth largest wheat producer inthe world. In this sub-region, the area planted with sunflow-ers and barley is 10 million hectares for each, producing 12.5and 19 million tonnes of crops respectively. Maize is less im-portant here than in other sub-regions, with only 1.6 percentof total arable land planted with maize in 2010.

In EU Central and Eastern, cereals and oil-bearing crops arethe most important crops in terms of harvested area. Whereasin terms of quantities produced, the volumes of sugar beet andpotato production are also significant. To note is that this sub-region accounts for 40 percent of the total maize productionof the region of Europe and Central Asia.

Although the harvested area of wheat in EU other and EFTAis similar to that in CIS Europe, the yields in this area are al-most three times higher, producing some 105 million tonnes- which represent 16 percent of the global wheat production.The 4.4 million hectares of olive plantations in this sub-region(which includes Mediterranean countries such as Spain, Italyand Greece) represent 47 percent of the world total. In termsof area, barley is also another important crop in this sub-region. Sugar beet, with 1.2 million tonnes produced in 2010,accounted for 35 percent of the total production of the regionof Europe and Central Asia, with France and Germany beingthe most important sugar beet producers.

CHART 13: Harvested area of the most important crops in CISEurope (2010)

Sugar beet

Rapeseed

Rye

Soybeans

Oats

Potatoes

Maize

Barley

Sunflower seed

Wheat

0 5 10 15 20 25 30million ha



CHART 14: Production quantity of the most important crops inCIS Europe (2010)

Vegetables fresh nes

Oats

Tomatoes

Cabbages and other brassicas

Sunflower seed

Maize

Barley

Sugar beet

Potatoes

Wheat

0 20 40 60million tonnes



20

CROP PRODUCTION

CHART 15: Harvested area of the most important crops in EUCentral & Eastern (2010)

Potatoes

Oats

Mixed grain

Rye

Triticale

Sunflower seed

Rapeseed

Barley

Maize

Wheat

0 2 4 6 8million ha



CHART 16: Production quantity of the most important crops inEU Central & Eastern (2010)

Mixed grain

Rye

Sunflower seed

Triticale

Rapeseed

Barley

Potatoes

Sugar beet

Maize

Wheat

0 10 20 30million tonnes



CHART 17: Harvested area of the most important crops in EUOther & EFTA (2010)

Potatoes

Sugar beet

Sunflower seed

Oats

Grapes

Maize

Rapeseed

Olives

Barley

Wheat

5 10 15million ha



CHART 18: Production quantity of the most important crops inEU Other & EFTA (2010)

Apples

Olives

Rapeseed

Tomatoes

Grapes

Maize

Potatoes

Barley

Sugar beet

Wheat

0 20 40 60 80 100million tonnes



21

PART 1

Crop production - Wheat

At the global level, 4.6 percent of total agricultural area isplanted by wheat, whereas this precentage is substantiallyhigher in the region of Europe and Central Asia at 37 percent.This is due to the overall favourable climatic and soil condi-tions in this region.

Among the Caucasus countries, Azerbaijan has a notable areaof land used for wheat production, and similarly, Turkey alsohas a large harvested area. CIS Europe accounts for 13 percentof the global harvested area of wheat with nine percent ofproduction.

In 2010, 240 million tonnes of wheat were produced in theregion, and top producers such as the Russian Federation (41million tonnes), France (38 million tonnes), in addition to Ger-many, Turkey, and Ukraine accounted for 60 percent of the re-gion’s total wheat production.

Comparing the last two decades, the 10-year average quantityof wheat produced increased by 60 percent in South EasternEurope and Central Asia, by 28 percent increase in CIS Europe,and by 10 percent in the EU other and EFTA sub-region.

CHART 19: Area and production of wheat, share of world total(2010)

0

5

10

15

EUOther

EUCE

SEEurope

CISEurope

Cauc&Turk

C Asia

%

Wheat harvestedarea

Wheatproduction


Metalink: P3.FEED.FAO.ESS.WT.AH.SC, p. 113

• Wheat is the most important crop in the re-gion of Europe and Central Asia

• Uzbekistan is the largest cotton producer inthe region

• The Russian Federation is the world’s fourthlargest wheat producer (41 million tonnes in2010)

• Cereal yields in the EU countries are aboutthree times higher than those of the CIS Eu-rope countries, with the highest yield forwheat in the Netherlands at 8.9 tonnes perhectare in 2010.

22

CROP PRODUCTION - WHEAT

MAP 7: Wheat area, share of total agricultural area (%, 2009)

No Data < 5 5 − 10 10 − 15 15 − 17 > 17


Metalink: P3.FEED.FAO.ESS.WT.AH.SHL, p. 113

MAP 8: Wheat production (thousand tonnes, 2010)

No Data < 250 250 − 850 850 − 1700 1700 − 6300 > 6300


Metalink: P3.FEED.FAO.ESS.WT.QP, p. 113

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Documents

Statistical Yearbook of the Food And Agricultural ... · PDF fileWheat production Source: Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) Metalink: P3.FEED.FAO.ESS.WT.AH.SC, p. 113 Wheat is the most