State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation

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Barbara Becker and Tate Kihara, 27 November 2013

Collaboration in education, research and innovation between Switzerland and the Asia-Pacific regionAction plan 2013-2016 and survey results

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State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)

Mandate 2013 bis 2016

ETH Zürich = Leading House (LH) forChina, Japan and South Korea

The function includes the exploration of other nations in theAsia-Pacific regionwith promising potential for research collaboration

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Action plan 2013-2016 Pilot activities with additional countries in the Asia-Pacific region

a. Preparatory and exploratory activities (2013-mid2014)

Identification and ranking of geopolitical criteria

Mapping of existing collaboration between Swiss institutions and target countries

Mapping of the science landscape in the target region

National and regional workshop

b. Joint pilot activities (mid2014-mid2016)

Target groups: scientists, research administrators and policy-makers

Instruments: Small grants, exploratory missions, short course for science administrators, high-level visits

c. Evaluation of the experiences, report to SERI (2016)

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The 20 target countries in the Asia Pacific region

AfghanistanAustraliaBangladeshBhutanCambodiaIndonesiaLaosMalaysiaMongoliaMyanmarNepalNew ZealandNorth KoreaPakistanPapua-NeuguineaPhilippinesSri LankaThailandTimor-LesteVietnam

Pink: Countries with on-going bilateral programmesSwissnex office (green circle) or S&T counseller

Criteria

World Bank regions:South Asia +East Asia and Pacific

Countries with> 1M inhabitants

SERI bilateral contractcountries excluded(China, Japan, S. Korea, India; Singapore)

20 countries

OECD DAC categories(GNI based)

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Country

Development and growth indicators

GDP per capita ($)

Population (Mio) 2012 / 2050(increase, %)

Human Develop-ment Index (HDI)

Least developed countries 292.7 / 402.9 (+38)Afghanistan 586 30 / 76 (+153) 0.39Bangladesh 706 161 / 194 (+20) 0.54Bhutan 2'336 0.7 / 0.9 (+29) 0.52Cambodia 897 14 / 19 (+36) 0.54Laos 1'303 6 / 8 (+33) 0.52Myanmar 1'144 54 / 56 (+4) 0.48Nepal 607 26 / 46 (+77) 0.46Timor-Leste 4'829 1 / 3 (+200) 0.49

Other low income countries (GNI < $1’005 in 2010) 24 / 26 (+8)

Korea, Dem. Rep. 506 24 / 26 (+8) no data

Lower middle income countries (GNI $1’006-3’975) 531.0 / 763 (+44)

Indonesia 3'495 237 / 293 (+24) 0.61Mongolia 3'060 3 / 4 (+33) 0.65Pakistan 1'182 172 / 274 (+59) 0.5Papua-Neuguinea 1'794 7 / 14 (+100) 0.46Philippines 2'370 92 / 155 (+68) 0.64Sri Lanka 2'812 20 / 23 (+15) 0.69Vietnam 3‘545 92 / 104 (+13) 0.62

Upper middle income countries (GNI $3’976-12’275) 97 / 114 (+18)

Malaysia 9'977 28 / 43 (+54) 0.76Thailand 5'318 69 / 71 (+3) 0.68

High-income countries 60.5 / no data (-)

Australia 67'039 22 / 31 (+41) 0.92New Zealand 36'874 4.5 / 6 (+33) 0.9

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Apr Letter by R. Eichler to all members of CRUS, KFH, COHEP-> nomination of contact persons

June List of contact persons12 universities (2 ETHs + 10 cantonal universities)

12 universities of applied sciences and teachers education

38 research institutes (based on SERI list)

Aug Survey sent out

-> Institutional contacts

-> Individual researchers’ contacts – snowball system

Oct 31 Deadline for evaluation

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Survey approach

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Invitation letter Very high response rate and interest: 12/12 unis; 9/9 FHs; 3/15 PHs

Survey for Institutions Response rate: 10/12 unis; 7/12 FH/PH; 13/38 RI (Total: 30)

Many of the responses were incomplete partly because institutions did not have data or

had difficulty in sharing data with ETH Zurich.

Survey for Researchers

Response rate: 160/11 unis; 24/5 FH/PH; 35/10 RI (Total: 219)

Most responses of high quality

General: Timing not convenient (summer break)


First observations on responses

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Institutional responses


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Respondents to “Survey for Institutions” (N=30)1.Institution Inst.

affiliationCategory office for

int. affairsName of the int. office

EPF Lausanne ETH Domain U No International Relations, CODEV,OthersETH Zurich ETH Domain U Yes ETH GlobalUniversità della Svizzera italiana U Yes International relations and study-aborad serviceUniversität Bern U Yes international relationsUniversität Luzern U Yes International Relations OfficeUniversität Zürich U Yes International Relations OfficeUniversité de Fribourg U Yes International Relations OfficeUniversité de Genève U YesUniversité de Lausanne U Yes International relations officeUniversité de Neuchâtel U No Département Promotion et affaires académique & Bureau

de la mobilitéBerner Fachhochschule, HAFL FH/PH No Departemental services internationalFachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FH/PH Yes International OfficeHaute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale HES-SO FH/PH Yes International Ressort KFHHochschule Luzern FH/PH Yes International OfficePädagogische Hochschule Zürich (PH Zürich) FH/PH Yes International OfficeScuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana FH/PH No International OfficeZurich University of the Arts/Zürcher Hochschule der Künste (ZFH) FH/PH Yes International OfficeAdolphe Merkle Institute U Fribourg RI Yes Service des relations internationalesBiotechnologie Institut Thurgau (BITg) RI NoFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI) RI NoINSPIRE ETH Zurich RI NoMaterials science and technology research institution (EMPA) ETH Domain RI No International Research CooperationsPaul Scherrer Institute (PSI) ETH Domain RI NoSwiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM) RI No Marketing & Business DevelopmentSwiss center for expertise in the Social Sciences (FORS) U Lausanne RI NoSwiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT) U Basel RI NoSwiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) ETH Domain RI NoSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) RI NoSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) U Basel RI NoSwisspeace, Universität Basel U Basel RI No

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Institutional partnerships (any kind; N=30)


0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

18

12

10

6 6 6 6

5 5 5

4 4

3 3 3

2

1 1 1

0

8

Total = 101 p.

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Institutional partnerships


Austr

Thai

Viet

NZ

Indon

Mal

Nep

al

Phil

Mong

Pak

Bangl

Laos

SLanka

Bhutan

Tota

l

EPFL 2 3 5ETHZ 5 5UniBe 1 2 1 4UniFr 1 4 2 2 9UniGe 4 1 5 1 1 1 1 14UNIL 13 13UniLu 2 1 1 2 6UniNe 1 1UZH 77 10 10 8 5 5 2 2 2 1 1 123FHNW 2 3 9 14PHZ 2 1 1 1 5HSLU 2 3 5ZFH 1 1BFH, HAFL 1 1 2EMPA 1 1PSI 5 1 6CSEM 1 1AMI 1 1

Total 119 26 20 11 10 8 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 1216

18/30CH institutions

14/20 countries


Institutional collaboration by country and partner institution

Institution short cate-gory Institution, Australia Type of coll. year

times mentioned

UZH U University of Tasmania Research agreement 8

UniLu U University of Tasmania Exchange agreement 2

EPFL U University of New South Wales Exchange agreement 2012 5

ETHZ U University of New South Wales Exchange agreement 2013 5

UNIL U University of New South WalesMemorandum, Exchange agreement 2011

5

UZH

U University of New South Wales Exchange agreements & Research agreement

5

UniBe U University of Technology, Sydney Exchange agreement 2007 5

UniFr U University of Technology, Sydney Exchange agreement 5

UNIL U University of Technology, Sydney Exchange agreement 2001 5

UniNe U University of Technology, Sydney Exchange agreement 5

UZH U University of Technology, Sydney Exchange agreement 5

ETHZ U Australian National University Memorandum 2005 3

ETHZ U Australian National University Alliance 2005 3

Print-out tables for working group discussion

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Researcher responses



3

8

15

35

38

24

12 12

86 5 4

1

10

5 4 4

1

14

2 2 2 1 1 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Institutional belonging of the respondents (N=219)

Caution about selective representation of institutions

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32%

32%

12%

15%

9%

Professors

Senior Scientists

Postdoc

PhD students

Other

Research fields and academic degree of survey respondents (N=220)


0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Others

Architecture

Agriculture

Chemistry

Mathematical and Physical Sciences

Engineering

Arts and Humanities

Environmental Sciences

Computer Sciences

Medical Sciences

Biology

Social Sciences

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

# contacts HDI

- 0.5

- 0.9

- 0

Least developed countries Lower middle income countries High incomecountries

Upper middleincome countries

Existing partnerships (N = 259)


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Stays in the target countries(135 researchers, cumulative stays N = 299)


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Timor-Leste

North Korea

Afghanistan

Myanmar

Papua-Neuginea

Bhutan

Sri Lanka

Bangladesh

Mongolia

Pakistan

Philippines

Cambodia

Laos

Nepal

Malaysia

NewZealand

Indonesia

Vietnam

Thailand

Australia

1st stay

2nd stay

3rd stay

4th stay

52

8 9 12

0

23

2

8

0

0

112

8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 stay 2 stays 3 stays 4 stays

4 countries3 countries2 countries1 country


80

60

4542

3133

28 2926 27

16

2421 22

12

16

8

28

13

7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Existing partnerships

Interest in new partnerships

(N=259)

Interest in new partnerships (N = 568)

Interest/existing > 4

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Challenges in existing partnerships(open question, N = 66)


21

129

11

3

2

4

3 1

Not enough funds

Language barriers

Local burocracy and administration (i.e. sample shipping, visa requirements)

Cultural difference

Corruption

Quality of infrastructure

Not enough qualified staff andresearchers

Unstable political situations &safety

Guaranteed long-term perspective

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Conclusions


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Ranking (researchers & institutions, Ø of 4 questions)


13.25

11.75

11

8.5

7.75

6.75

5.25

5

3.5

3

2.5

1

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Bangladesh

Pakistan

Laos

Mongolia

Philippines

Nepal

Malaysia

Indonesia

Vietnam

NewZealand

Thailand

Australia • Indicative snapshot of relative relevance for CH partners

• Incomplete, but presumablyvalid approximation

• Heterogeneous data base

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

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R&D intensity


Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD)as a percentage of GDP, 2009 or latest available year

GERD in PPP$ millions ranges from 2.6 (Laos) to 15 284 (Austr.)

(UNESCO Institute for Statistics, July 2011)

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GERD (%GDP): existing partnerships (CH res.)


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00

Australia

NewZealand

GERD (%GDP)

# partn.

Pakistan

Malaysia

ThailandVietnam

Indonesia

GERD in % GDP 2007For Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam 2002*Countries that did not report GERD are set = 0 (Source: UNESCO 2010 Science Report)

Mongolia

Sri Lanka

Philippines*NepalCambodiaLaos

*Bangladesh

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Indonesia*VietnamThailand

**Bangladesh*Cambodia*LaosMongolia**NepalPhilippinesSri Lanka

Australia

New ZealandMalaysia

Pakistan

Higher Investment in Research and

Development

Lower Investment in Research and

Development

More Partnerships with SwissResearchers

Swiss partnerships – research intensity


Less Partnerships with SwissResearchers

*GERD 2002 (instead 2007)** no GERD data available

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Workshop discussion («collective wisdom»)

Refinement of country indicators for comparison

Country reviews

Political considerations

Next steps

Workshop with representatives of the region:June 2014, Singapore

Pilot activities


Validation of survey results

Thank you for your attention!

27 Nov 201326 Barbara Becker and Tate Kihara

Documents

State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation