GLOBAL CLIMATE AND ENERGY PROJECT | STANFORD UNIVERSITY

Sally M. Benson Director, Global Climate and Energy Project

Stanford University

OCTOBER 10, 2012

GLOBAL CHALLENGES – GLOBAL SOLUTIONS – GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES

GCEP RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM 2012 | STANFORD, CA

Welcome to the

8th Annual Global

Climate and

Energy Project

Symposium

Sally Benson,

GCEP Director

October 10, 2012

The 8th Annual GCEP Symposium

• A unique forum providing informed discussion on critical issues in the

energy arena:

Stage setting plenary talks

Presentation of cutting-edge academic research taking place in the energy

field

• Meeting coincides with the ten-year anniversary of founding of GCEP

Provides an opportunity to look back at GCEP research and consider future

for basic research in the energy sciences

165 Faculty PI’s

713 Grad Students and Post-docs

515 Peer-Reviewed Publications

39 Research Institutions

721 Conference Presentations

80 Full-Scale Research Activities

35 Exploratory Studies

5 Sponsors

34 Patent Applications

4 Start Up Companies

GCEP Statistics

GCEP Milestones and Key Events

Cumulative GCEP Highlights 2002 - 2012

Renewables

Carbon-Based Energy

Systems

Other

Electrochemistry and Electric Grid

Hydrogen

$129M Total Research Funding Commitments

2004 – First set of competitive research

awards

2002 – Launching of GCEP at Stanford with

four Sponsors

2011 -Began Cost-Sharing of External Follow-On Research

2010 – First license of GCEP technology

2006 – Initiated exploratory research

awards

2008 – First patent issued on GCEP

technology

2011 – DuPont joins GCEP as Sponsor

2005 – First GCEP Symposium

Energy Systems Analysis

Understanding the World’s

Energy Systems

GCEP – A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN ENERGY ANALYSIS

Exergy Resources of the Earth

2003 2012

Exergy and Carbon Analysis of Global Energy Flows

Embodied Energy

1 10

10

100

1 10

Embodied Energy [kWhe/Wp]

Gro

wth

Ra

te [

%/y

r]

EPBT [yrs] assuming 11.5% capacity factor

70 %

fractional re-investment 20 %

NEGATIVE NET ENERGY YIELD

80 % 90 %

100 % 30 %

40 % 50 %

POSITIVE NET ENERGY YIELD

60 %

125 %

20

40

60

80

2 8

150 %

175 %

200 %

4 5 3 9 7 6

2 84 5 3 9 7 6

30

50

250 %

300 %

200

400 %

500 %

1000 %

750 %

mc-Si

Ribbon

sc-Si

CdTe

CIGS

a-Si

2000

2002

2004 2006

2008

2000 2000 2000

2000 2000

2010

2010

2010 2010

2010

PV Industry Energy Balance

Energetic and Material Limits

to Energy Storage

Advanced Combustion

Energy Efficient, Low CO2-emitting

Engines

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN ADVANCED COMBUSTION

2002 2012

Sootless diesel

High efficiency engines at extreme

states

Advanced coal power generation systems

Low-irreversibility engines

Electric Grid

Ability to Integrate New

Energy Generation

and Systems

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN THE ELECTRIC GRID

2002 2012

Tomsovic

Flat control of the electric grid for renewable integration

Chemistry for solid oxide fuel battery

Designs and materials for flywheel storage

Electrode materials for safe, fast, inexpensive batteries

Carbon Capture and Storage

Effective Options for Addressing

CO2 Emissions from Fossil

Fuels

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

2002 2012

Mineralization with silicates

RITE

Molecular gates for gas separation

Benson

Experiments and simulations of CO2 storage

Linking CO2 injection effects to geophysics

Biomimetic strategies for carbon capture

Geologic studies of sequestration

Solar Energy High Efficiency and Low Cost

of Solar Energy Conversion

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN SOLAR ENERGY

2002 2012

Nanostructured PV for thin film

Thermo-photovoltaic cells

Artificial photosynthesis

Plasmonics enhance absorption

Photon-enhanced thermionic emission

All carbon solar cell

Si quantum dots to control band gap

Hot carrier solar cells

Bioenergy

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN BIOENERGY RESEARCH

2002

Effective Use of Organisms

for Production of Fuels and

Energy Conversion

2012

Methane from microbes and electrical current

Biodiesel from bacteria

Time

Hydrogen from biomass

Global potential of biomass

Lignin Amount

Lignin

Cellulose

Hemi cellulose

Optimizing plants for biofuels

Photosynthetic bioelectricity

Transportation

Efficient Mobility

Options with No or Low CO2

Emissions

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH

2002 2012

Hydrogen storage through C-H bonds Catalysts for fuels from CO2

Nanowire lithium ion batteries for electric vehicles

Wireless power transfer to moving vehicles

Fuel Cells

Enabling Electricity from

Hydrocarbon Fuels with Low CO2 Emissions

A DECADE OF INNOVATION AND PROGRESS IN FUEL CELL RESEARCH

2002 2012

Nanoscale architecture gives large surface area for improved fuel cell performance

Nanoscale fabrication for high power density

Nanotubes and atomic layer deposition for enhanced low-temperature efficiency

Study kinetic behavior of nanostructured materials

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years

Invited Plenary Presentations

• Global Energy Assessment

Thomas B. Johansson, Co-Chair of the Executive

Committee – Global Energy Assessment

• Energy Technology Landscape: One Indian

Perspective

Ajit Sapre, Group President of Research and Technology,

Reliance Industries

• Energy Innovation Ecosystem

• Cathy Zoi, Silver Lake Kraftwerk; Former Assistant

Secretary of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,

U.S. Department of Energy

• Reducing Our Dependence on Fossil Fuels: An

Industrial Perspective on Energy Research

Douglas Muzyka, Senior Vice President and Chief Science

& Technology Officer, DuPont

Gain insights into key energy issues from global energy thought leaders

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years

GCEP – The First Ten Years

• GCEP Origins – Fireside Chat

Moderated by Jeff Koseff, Director –

Stanford Woods Institute for the

Environment

• GCEP – The First Ten Years –

Panel Discussion

Moderated by Lynn Orr, Director –

Stanford Precourt Institute for

Energy

• What GCEP has Meant to Stanford

University

John Hennessy, President of

Stanford University

Hear about the motivations and the lessons

learned from this pioneering energy project

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years

GCEP Research – Technical

Presentations

• Carbon-Based Energy Systems – Moderator:

Jen Wilcox

William Schneider, Randall Snurr, Biondo Biondi

• Bioenergy – Moderator: Alfred Spormann

Chris Field, Claire Halpin, Bruce Logan

• Solar Energy – Moderator: Mike McGehee

Jennifer Dionne, Mark Brongersma, Harry Gray

• Advanced Energy Transformations and

Storage – Moderator: Tom Jaramillo

Jens Norskov, Yi Cui, Scott Barnett

Learn about the latest technology innovations in clean

energy research from GCEP principal investigators

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years

Energy Tutorials

• Energy & Earth Systems 101

Pamela Matson, Dean of School of Earth Sciences,

Stanford University

• Electrocatalysis 101

Thomas Jaramillo, Stanford University

• Geoengineering 101

• Ken Caldeira, Carnegie Institution

• Exergy 101

Chris Edwards, Stanford University

Gain a basic understanding of key technical areas in

energy from Stanford experts

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years Student Events

• GCEP 2012 Distinguished Student Lecturers

Kendra Kuhl, Chemical Engineering, Stanford University

Nicholas Bonawitz, Biochemistry, Purdue University

Boxiao Li, Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University

• Poster Session and Reception

Advanced Energy Transformations and Storage

Bioenergy

Carbon-Based Energy Systems

Solar Energy

• GCEP Energy Systems Analysis Postdoctoral Scholars

Charlie Barnhart, Energetic and Material Limits to Electrical Energy

Storage

Michael Dale, The Energy Balance of the Photovoltaic (PV) Industry

• GCEP Sponsor/Student Networking Lunch

• GCEP Student Social

Interact directly with GCEP energy researchers

GCEP Symposium

Creating a Bright Energy Future – GCEP at 10 Years

Grand Challenges in the Future

of Energy

• Panel Session – Moderator: Sally

Benson

Chris Field, Carnegie Institution,

Gary Leonard, GE

Steven Freilich, DuPont

Thomas Jaramillo, Stanford University,

Jason Bloking, Graduate Student -

Stanford University.

Discover what leading thinkers in industry

and academia believe are the anticipated

future directions for energy research

Welcome to the

8th Annual

Global Climate

and Energy

Project

Symposium