Standard/Objective: S6E5.b.Investigate the contribution of minerals to rock composition.

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EQ: What are rocks made of?

Minerals are not made by people; they are …

…naturally occurring substances.

What is a mineral?• Naturally occurring (No human input)

• Non-organic (they are not made by life processes)

• Characteristic chemical composition

• Distinctive physical properties

• Crystalline structure

Name four properties (or clues) that scientists use to identify minerals.

Color, luster, streak, and hardness

Which property means the way the light bounces off the mineral?

Luster:How minerals reflect light

What words can be used to describe a mineral’s luster?

Glassy, dull, shiny, greasy

Why is color not a good property to use to identify a mineral?

Many minerals have the same color.

slate limestone

Cleavage & Fracture

• Cleavage: planes of weakness along which minerals can break

•• Fracture: surfaces along which minerals can

break

Cleavage & Fracture

Best identified on a fracture surface

Streak:

• The powdered form of a mineral

What are three testers that can be used to determine a mineral’s hardness?

fingernail, penny, nail

HardnessBased on Moh’s scale of

hardness

Find the Definition for the following vocabulary word in the Text.

• Mineral-Naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and an orderly internal atomic structure.

• Crystal- solid in which the atoms are arranged in orderly , repeating pattern.

• Silicate- minerals that contain silicon and oxygen and usually one or more other elements

• Hardness-Measure oh how easily a mineral can be scratched

• Luster-describes the way a mineral reflects light from its surface; can be metallic or nonmetallic

• Streak-color of a mineral when it is in powdered from.

• Cleavage- minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces

• Fracture- minerals that break with uneven, rough or jagged surfaces

• Specific gravity- the ratio of its weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water.