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ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009Standard for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings
Kent W. Peterson, PE, FASHRAE, MCIBSE, LEED®APP2S Engineering, [email protected]
Standard 189.1 forHigh-Performance Green Buildings
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS2
Learning Objectives
Recognize the importance of developing a code-intended standard for design of high-performance green buildings
Differentiate Standard 189.1 from green building rating systems (e.g. USGBC LEED)
Identify mandatory provisions in Standard 189.1 to increase awareness of the intent of the standard
Identify the two compliance path options (prescriptive and performance) and their associated provisions in Standard 189.1
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS3
What is Standard 189.1?
ANSI standard developed in model code language
Provides minimum requirements for high-performance, green buildings
Applies to all buildings except low-rise residential buildings (similar to ASHRAE/IESNA Std 90.1)
It is not a design guide and not a green building rating system
It is included as an optional Jurisdictional Compliance Path in the International Green Construction Code (IgCC)
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Standard Project Committee 189.1
Co-sponsors ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air
Conditioning Engineers USGBC – U.S. Green Building Council IES - Illuminating Engineering Society of North America
Project committee Large group with diverse backgrounds North American initially
Consensus process
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Why the Standard Was Developed
Voluntary green building rating programs have raised the awareness of the benefits of green building practices
Over 1,400 jurisdictions in the U.S. have indicated they want to “green” their building codes
e voluntary green building programs were intended to be voluntary and not mandatory
We must endeavor to reduce the environmental impact of the built environment
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Goals for Standard 189.1
Establish mandatory criteria in all topic areas One “challenge” is existing green building rating systems contain few
mandatory provisions
Provide simple compliance options
Provide flexible compliance options to encourage innovation
Complement green building rating programs
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Development of Standard 189.1
2006Preliminary meeting ( Jun) 2007 1st public review (May-Jul) 2008 2nd public review (Feb) Committee reconstituted (Nov) 2009 3rd public review (May-Jun) 4th public review of ISCs (Sep-Oct) Publication approval (Dec) 2010 Publication ( Jan 22nd) Transition to SSPC
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS4
What Happens When Green Becomes Code?
Do Buildings Get Better?
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Standard 189.1 Building Blocks
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS
Standard 189.1 Topic Areas
SS
WE
EE
IEQ
MR
CO
Sustainable Sites
Water Use Efficiency
Energy Efficiency
Indoor Environmental uality
Building’s Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials & Resources
Construction and Operations Plans
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Standard 189 Chapter Structure
x.1: Scope
x.2: Compliance
x.3: Mandatory
x.4: Prescriptive Option
x.5: Performance Option
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS6
Standard 189.1 Compliance Paths
Mandatory + Prescriptive Option
Performance OptionMandatory +
(simple option, very few calculations)
(flexible options, but more effort)
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS7
Sustainable SitesMandatory Provisions
5.3.1 Site Selection
5.3.2 Reduce heat island effect
5.3.3 Reduce light pollution
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
solar reflectance index (SRI): a measure of a constructed surface’s ability to reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. A standard black surface (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white surface (reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Sustainable SitesMandatory Provisions
5.3.1 Site Selection Allowable sites
• Existing building envelope• Brownfields, greyfields• Greenfield sites where 800 m to:
- transit or 10 basic services, or - residential area with density > 4 units/ha
Prohibited development activity• Flood plains, • 35 m of wetlands, • 50 m of fish and wildlife habitat conservation area
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
brownfield site: a site documented as contaminated by means of an ASTM E1903 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment or a site classified as a brownfield by a local, State, or Federal government agency.
fish and wildlife habitat conservation area: areas with which state or federally designated endangered, threatened, or sensitive species have a primary association.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Sustainable SitesMandatory Provisions
5.3.2 Reduce Heat Island Effect Site hardscape: 50% to be shaded
(within 5 years of planting), or be SRI 29, or shaded by structures
Walls: to be shaded on at least 30% of east and west walls up to 20 feet above grade within 5 years
Roofs (climate zones 1-3): to be SRI 78 (low-slope), 29 (steep-slope) or cool roof
solar reflectance index (SRI): a measure of a constructed surface’s ability to reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. A standard black surface (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white surface (reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100.
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Sustainable SitesMandatory Provisions
5.3.3 Reduction of Light Pollution Outdoor lighting lumen limits per parking
space, per m2 of hardscape or per m2 complete site (Standard 90.1 Addendum i)
Maximum allowable Backlight, Uplight And Glare (BUG) ratings for luminaires by lighting zone type
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Sustainable SitesPrescriptive Options
5.4.1 Site Development All sites:
Minimum 40% of site area to be effective pervious surface (vegetation, green roof, porous pavers) – exceptions for areas with <250mm annual average rainfall
Greenfield sites:Minimum 20% of area to be native or adapted plants
greenfield site: a site of which 20% or less has been previously developed with impervious surfaces. SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Sustainable SitesPerformance Option
5.5.1 Site Development - e following minimum percentages of the average annual rainfall on the development footprint shall be managed through infiltration, reuse, or evapotranspiration Existing Building: minimum 20% Greyfield Sites: minimum 40% All Other Sites: minimum 50%
greyfield site: a site of which more than 20% is already developed with impervious surfaces. SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS8
Water Use EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
6.3.1 Site Water Use Reduction Minimum 60% bio-diverse plantings plus hydrozoning & smart
irrigation controllers
6.3.2 Building Water Use Reduction Plumbing fixtures & fittings, appliances, HVAC systems &
equipment, generally 20% lower than current U.S. model codes Disallow once through cooling with potable water
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
hydrozoning: to divide the landscape irrigation system into sections in order to regulate each zone’s water needs based on plant materials, soil and other factors.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS9
Water Use EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Plumbing Fixture Maximum
Water closet - flushometer Single flush volume of 4.8L
Water closet - tank-type Single flush volume of 4.8L
Urinals Flush volume 1.9L
Public lavatory faucet Flow rate 1.9 L/min
Public metering self-closing faucet 1.0 L per metering cycle
Residential bathroom lavatory sink faucet Flow rate 5.7 L/min
Residential kitchen faucet Flow rate 8.3 L/min
Residential showerheads Flow rate 7.6 L/min
Residential showerhead compartment Flow rate from all shower outlets total 7.6 L/min
Table 6.3.2.1 Plumbing Fixture and Fitting Requirements
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS10
Water Use EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
6.3.3 Water Consumption Measurement Measurement devices with remote communication capability shall
be provided to collect water consumption data
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Water Source Main Measurement Threshold
Potable water 3800 L/day
Municipally reclaimed water 3800 L/day
Alternate sources of water 1900 L/day
Table 6.3.3A Water Supply Source Measurement Thresholds
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS11
Water Use EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
6.3.3 Water Consumption Measurement
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Subsystem Sub-Metering ThresholdCooling towers >30 L/sEvaporative coolers >0.04 L/sSteam and hot water boilers >50 kWTotal integrated landscape area with controllers >2500 m2
Separate campus or project buildings Consumption >3800 L/daySeparately leased or rental space Consumption >3800 L/dayAny large water using process Consumption >3800 L/day
Table 6.3.3B Subsytem Water Measurement Thresholds
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS12
Water Use EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
6.4.1 Site Water Use Maximum 1/3 of improved landscape area is allowed to be irrigated
with potable water
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
alternate on-site sources of water: alternate on-site sources of water include, but are not limited to:
a. rainwater or stormwater harvesting,b. air conditioner condensate,c. gray water from interior applications and treated as required,d. swimming pool filter backwash water,e. cooling tower blowdown water,f. foundation drain water,g. industrial process water, orh. on-site wastewater treatment plant effluent.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Water Use EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
6.4.2 Building Water Use Reduction Cooling towers
Efficient commercial food service and laboratories
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Water Use EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
6.4.3 Special Water Features Fountain water must be from alternate source or reclaimed (no
potable water)• Exception where alternate on-site sources of water or municipally-
reclaimed water are not available within 150 m of the building project site, potable water is allowed to be used for water features with less than 38,000 L capacity
Recover and/or treat pool and filter backwash water for re-use
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS13
Water Use EfficiencyPerformance Option
6.5.1 Site Water Use Reduction proposed potable water and municipally reclaimed water for
irrigation ≤ 35% of baseline evapotranspiration
6.5.2 Building Water Use proposed water use ≤ mandatory plus prescriptive
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
evapotranspiration (ET): the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and water bodies. Transpiration accounts for the movement of water within a plant and the subsequent loss of water as vapor through stomata in its leaves.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS14
Building Energy Codes
EN
ER
GY
MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE IN U.S. BUILDINGS
U.S. Energy Consumption History
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999 2003
1,294
1,106970
1,040918
1,027966 1,022
EUI (
MJ/
m2-
yr)
CBECS Year
Source: Energy Information Administration Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey
5,215 Buildings SurveyedEducationFood SalesFood serviceHealth CareLodgingMercantileOfficePublic AssemblyPublic Order and SafetyReligious WorshipServiceWarehouse and Storage
U.S. Commercial Building Total Site Energy Intensity Trend
MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE IN U.S. BUILDINGS
Commercial Misc Electric Loads (MELs)
Source: Buildings Energy Data Book 2009, http://buildingsdatabook.eere.energy.gov/Default.aspx
U.S. Primary Energy Consumption (Quads)
U.S. Commercial Electricity Consumption (TWh)
Key commercial miscellaneous electric loads account for 30% of commercial primary energy and 5.5% of U.S. primary energy
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS
Commercial Building Energy
7%
13%
2%4%
8%
4%6%
7% 12%
13%
25%
Lighting 25%Cooling 13%Heating 12%Ventilation 7%Water Heating 6%Refrigeration 4%Electronics 8%Computers 4%Cooking 2%Other 13%Adjust to SEDS 7%
67% Regulated
26% Unregulated
Source: Buildings Energy Data Book 2009, http://buildingsdatabook.eere.energy.gov/Default.aspx Table 3.1.4
A 30% total reduction would require a 45% reduction in regulated loadsA 50% total reduction would require a 75% reduction in regulated loads
2006 U.S. Buildings Primary Energy End-Use Splits
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS18
Energy Efficiency Highlights
Application of Standard 189.1 Provides more energy efficient buildings than ASHRAE/IESNA
Standard 90.1-2007
On-site renewable energy provisions
Energy measurement for verification
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS19
Energy Efficiency U.S. Climate Zones
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Moist (A)Marine (C) Dry (B)
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS20
Energy Efficiency Highlights
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
1135
XXXX = MJ/m2-yr
2270
3405
4540
5675
6810
Source: Evaluation of ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009 NREL/TP-550-47906
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS21
Energy Efficiency Highlights
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
1135
568
1703
2270
2838
XXXX = MJ/m2-yr
Source: Evaluation of ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009 NREL/TP-550-47906
Climate Zone 4C achieved:31.1% less energy than 90.1-200428.6% less energy than 90.1-2007
Mandatory Provisions
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS22
Energy Efficiency Compliance Paths
General Section 7.3.1
On-Site Renewable
Energy Systems Section 7.3.2
Energy Consumption Measurement Section 7.3.3
Prescriptive Option
General Section 7.41
HVACSection 7.4.3
LightingSection 7.4.6
On-Site Renewable
Energy Systems Section 7.4.1.1
Service Water Heating
Section 7.4.4Other Equipment
Section 7.4.7
Building Envelope
Section 7.4.2Power
Section 7.4.5Energy Cost
Budget7.4.8
Performance Option
Annual Energy Cost
Section 7.5.2
Annual CO2 Equivalent
Section 7.5.3
Annual Load Factor/Peak
Electric DemandSection 7.5.4
OR
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS23
Energy EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
7.3.1 Meet 90.1 Mandatory Requirements Sections 5.4, 6.4, 7.4, 8.4, 9.4 and 10.4
7.3.2 Provide for future on-site renewable energy power systems Building projects design shall show allocated space and pathways for
installation of on-site renewable energy systems Minimum rating of 40 W/m2 multiplied by the total roof area Exception for locations with poor incident solar radiation
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Addenda f: changes requirement to annual 20 kWh/m2 of roof area for single story and annual 32 kWh/m2 of roof area for all other buildings
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS24
Energy EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
7.3.3 Energy Consumption Measurement Measurement devices with remote communication capability shall be
provided to collect energy consumption data
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Energy Source ThresholdElectrical service >200 kVAOn-site renewable electric power >1 kVA (peak)Gas and district services >300 kWGeothermal energy >300 kWOn-site renewable thermal power >30 kW
Table 7.3.3.1A Energy Source Thresholds
7.3.3 Energy Consumption Measurement
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS25
Energy EfficiencyMandatory Provisions
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Use (Total of All Loads) Subsytem Threshold
HVAC system Connected electric load >100 kVAConnected gas or district services load > 150 kW
People moving Sum of all feeders >50 kVA
Lighting Sum of all feeders >50 kVA
Process and plug loads Sum of all feeders >50 kVAConnected gas or district services load > 75 kW
Table 7.3.3.1B System Energy Use Thresholds
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS26
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.1.1 On-site renewable energy systems Annual energy production equivalent of 20
kWh/m2 of conditioned space Exception for areas with incident solar
radiation less than 4 kWh/m2-day and a cumulative purchase of green power of 750 kWh/m2 of conditioned space for a period not to exceed ten years
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
Addenda f: changes requirement to 20 kWh/m2 of roof area for single story and 32 kWh/m2 of roof area for all other buildings
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS27
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.2 Building Envelope• Roof, wall and fenestration shall meet the
requirements in Appendix A• Vertical fenestration area <40% of the gross wall area • W, S & E permanent projections for vertical
fenestration shading (CZ 1-5)• Reduces solar gains from west & east in CZ 1-4 and
west in CZ 5-6
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS28
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.2 Building Envelope Continuous air barrier requirement
• Individual material air permeability or• Assembly average air leakage or• Testing the completed building air leakage rate of the building envelope
- ≤ 0.4 cfm/2 under 0.3 in. W.C.- ≤ 2.0 l/s-m2 under 75 Pa
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
continuous air barrier: the combination of interconnected materials, assemblies and flexible sealed joints and components of the building envelope that provide air-tightness to a specified permeability.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS29
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option – Mechanical 7.4.3
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
U.S. EPAct Baseline
Use equipment with U.S. EPAct baseline efficiency levels, and:
• Renewable energy system producing annually 20 kWh/m2 of conditioned floor space
• Peak load reduction of 10%
Higher Efficiency
Use higher efficiency of EnergySTAR requirements and Appendix C, and:
• Renewable energy system producing annually 13 kWh/m2 of conditioned floor space
• Peak load reduction of 5%
Equipment Efficiency Compliance Options
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS30
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.3 Mechanical Fan power to be 10% less than Std 90.1 DCV for densely occupied spaces Economizer cycle for units > 9.7 kW
• Not required in CZ-1A, 1B or 2A Exhaust air energy recovery Std 90.1 Seal Level A duct level Duct and pipe insulation
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
densely occupied space: those spaces with a design occupant density greater than or equal to 25 people per 100 m2
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS31
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.4 Service Water Heating Equipment efficiencies Pipe Insulation Spa pool insulation
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS32
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.5 Power Electric peak load reduction ≥10%
• Demand limiting and/or• Load shiing
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS33
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.6 Lighting 10% less than 90.1-2007 LPD Lighting for building security or emergency egress ≤1.0 W/m2 Automatic controls for lighting in daylight zones Occupancy sensor controls
• Offices 25 m2 or smaller• Classrooms of any size• Lecture, training, or vocational rooms < 100 m2
• Multipurpose rooms <100 m2
• Conference rooms and meeting rooms <100 m2 in hotels, convention, conference, multipurpose and meeting centers
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS34
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.6 Lighting Occupancy sensor controls with multi-level switching or
dimming that reduces lighting power to minimum 50% when no person are present:• Multi-family, dormitory, hotel and motel hallways• Commercial and industrial storage stack areas• Library stack areas
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS35
Energy EfficiencyPrescriptive Option
7.4.7 Other Equipment Supermarket waste heat recovery system on permanently installed
refrigeration equipment in supermarkets 2,500 m2 or greater ENERGY STAR equipment and appliances if installed prior to
issuance of certificate of occupancy
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS36
Energy EfficiencyPerformance Option
7.5.2 Annual Energy Cost Proposed ≤ mandatory plus prescriptive
7.5.3 Annual Equivalent Carbon Dioxide (CO2e) Proposed ≤ mandatory plus prescriptive
7.5.4 Peak Electric Demand Proposed ≤ mandatory plus prescriptive
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS37
Indoor Environmental QualityMandatory Provisions
8.3.1 Indoor Air uality Ventilation rates per ASHRAE Standard 62.1 VRP Outdoor air delivery monitoring MERV 8 filter (MERV 13 in PM2.5 non-attainment areas) Eliminate air bypass around filters No smoking inside building
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Indoor Environmental QualityMandatory Provisions
8.3.2 ermal Environmental Conditions Comply with ASHRAE Std 55 Section 6.1 Design and 6.2
Documentation
8.3.3 Acoustical Control Defined STC values for exterior and interior assemblies
8.3.4 Daylighting by Toplighting (skylights) Targeted for large enclosed spaces in buildings ≤ three stories
8.3.5 Soil Gas Retarding System Brownfields or radon
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Indoor Environmental QualityPrescriptive Option
8.4.1 Daylighting by Sidelighting Office spaces and classrooms Minimum effective apertures Minimum interior surface visible light reflectances Minimum shading projection factors
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS38
Indoor Environmental QualityPrescriptive Option
8.4.2 Materials Emissions and VOC requirements
• Adhesives and sealants• Paints and coatings• Floor covering materials• Composite wood and agrifiber
products• Office furniture systems and
seating• Ceiling and wall systems
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Indoor Environmental QualityPerformance Option
8.5.1 Daylighting Physical or computer model, minimum illuminance target:
300 lux on work surfaces, noon equinox Demonstrate that direct sun does not strike the workplane in any
daylit space for more than 20% of the occupied hours during an equinox day in regularly occupied office spaces
8.5.2 Materials VOC emissions model for building materials shall be modeled fpr
individual VOC emissions and the sum shall not exceed limits in CA/DHS/EHLB/R-174 Section 4.3
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS39
Building’s Impact on the AtmosphereMandatory Provisions
9.3.1 Construction waste management A minimum of 50% of non-hazardous construction and demolition
waste material shall be diverted Total waste on new building projects shall not exceed 35m3 or 6000
kg per 1000 m2 of new building area
9.3.2 Wood products9.3.3 Refrigerants9.3.4 Storage and collection of recyclables, reusable goods and fluorescent and HID lamps and ballasts
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS40
9.4.1 Reduced Impact Materials Post-consumer recycled content + one-half of the pre-
consumer recycled content ≥ 10% of the total materials in the building project, based on cost
≥ 5% of building materials used shall be bio-based products, based on cost
≥ 15% of building materials or products used shall be regionally extracted/harvested/recovered or manufactured within a radius of 800 km of the project site, based on cost
Building’s Impact on the AtmospherePrescriptive Option
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Buildings Impact on the AtmospherePerformance Option
9.5.1 Life Cycle Assessment ISO Standard 14044 – Environmental management -- Life cycle
assessment -- Requirements and guidelines Minimum of two building alternatives e building alternative chosen for the project shall have a 5%
improvement over the other building alternative
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS41
Construction and OperationMandatory Provisions
10.3.1 Plans for Construction10.3.1.1 Building Acceptance Testing10.3.1.2 Building Commissioning10.3.1.3 Erosion and Sediment Control10.3.1.4 IAQ Construction Management10.3.1.5 Moisture Control10.3.1.6 Construction Vehicles
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Construction and Operation10.3.1.1 Building Acceptance Testing
Activities Prior to Permit Designate an Acceptance Representative to lead, review, and oversee
CDs shall provide details of the tests to be performed Review CDs to verify sensor locations, devices, and control
sequences are properly documented
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
acceptance representative: An entity identified by the owner who leads, plans, schedules, and coordinates the activities needed to implement the building acceptance testing activities. The acceptance representative may be a qualified employee or consultant of the owner. The individual serving as the acceptance representative shall be independent of the project design and construction management, though this individual may be an employee of a firms providing those services.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Construction and Operation10.3.1.1 Building Acceptance Testing
Activities Prior to Building Occupancy Verify proper installation and start-up of systems Perform acceptance tests and complete test forms Verify a systems manual has been prepared
• O&M documentation• Warranty information• Information needed to understand and optimally operate the
building systems
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Construction and Operation10.3.1.1 Building Acceptance Testing
Systems to be Tested: Mechanical systems: HVAC, IAQ, refrigeration and associated
controls Lighting systems: daylighting controls, occupancy sensing devices
and automatic shut-off controls Renewable energy systems Water measurement devices Energy measurement devices
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS42
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Required for all building projects > 500 m2 of gross floor area
Cx satisfies Building Acceptance Testing Requirements in the Standard
Cx shall be incorporated into the pre-design, design, construction and first year of occupancy
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
commissioning authority (CxA): An entity identified by the owner who leads, plans, schedules, and coordinates the commissioning team to implement the building commissioning process.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS43
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Activities Prior to Permit Designate a project commissioning authority to lead, review, and
oversee Owner Project Requirements Design team shall develop Basis of Design CxA shall review OPR and BOD CDs shall provide details of commissioning requirements Review CDs at 50% and 100% to verify documents achieve
construction phase OPR Develop a Cx Plan
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS44
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Activities Prior to Building Occupancy Verify proper installation and performance of systems to be
commissioned Verify completion of construction checklist and verification Verify training Complete preliminary commissioning report Verify a systems manual has been prepared
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
verification: the process by which specific documents, components, equipment, assemblies, systems, and interfaces among systems are confirmed to comply with the criteria described in the owner’s project requirements.
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGS45
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Post-Occupancy Activities Complete remaining commissioning activities that can only be
completed subsequent to building occupancy Complete final commissioning report
SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Systems to be Tested: Building envelope systems, components, and assemblies to verify the
thermal and moisture integrity Building envelope pressurization to confirm air tightness if included
in BOD requirements Mechanical systems: HVAC, IAQ, refrigeration and associated
controls Lighting systems: daylighting controls, occupancy sensing devices
and automatic shut-off controls Irrigation
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STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDINGSX
Construction and Operation10.3.1.2 Building Project Commissioning
Systems to be Tested (continued): Plumbing Domestic water and process water pumping and mixing systems Service water heating systems Renewable energy systems Water measurement devices Energy measurement devices
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Construction and OperationMandatory Provisions
10.3.1.4 IAQ Construction Management Plan Air conveyance materials shall remain clean Post-construction, pre-occupancy flush-out
• Option A - 24-hr flush-out & baseline IAQ testing prior to occupancy
• Option B - Continuous flush-out
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Construction and OperationMandatory Provisions
10.3.2 Plans for Operation High-Performance Building Operation Plan
• Site sustainability• Track and assess energy and water use• Measurement & verification• Indoor air quality• Green cleaning
Maintenance plans
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Construction and OperationMandatory Provisions
Energy Efficiency Plan for Operation Initial measurement & verification
• Aer acceptance testing is complete Track and assess energy consumption
• Aer 12 months but no later than 18 months aer certificate of occupancy
• Energy usage reports (both consumption and demand)• Energy Star Portfolio Manager to track performance• Assess energy performance
verification: The process by which specific documents, components, equipment, assemblies, systems, and interfaces among systems are confirmed to comply with the criteria SS WE EE IEQ MR CO
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Construction and OperationMandatory Provisions
10.3.2 Plans for Operation Maintenance plans
• Maintenance• Service life• Transportation management
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Normative Appendices
Appendix A – Prescriptive Building Envelope Tables
Appendix B – Prescriptive Continuous Air Barrier
Appendix C – Prescriptive Equipment Efficiency Tables
Appendix D – Performance Option for Energy Efficiency
Appendix E – IAQ Limit Requirements for Office Furniture Systems and Seating
Appendix F – Building Concentrations
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What is Your Best Path Forward?
Begin to understand how these green building mandatory requirements can improve the buildings we design and construct
Identify what requisite skills and knowledge you will need to implement these requirements
Begin to think how the requirements in this standard could be regionalized for your area
User’s Manual
ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009
Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings
Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
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Further Information
Information on Standard 189.1: www.ashrae.org/greenstandard
ASHRAE Journal 189.1 Supplement June 2010
Standard 189.1 User Manual
ASHRAE Training on Standard 189.1
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Questions